Therapists in Lehman, PA

Photo of David Hage, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lehman, PA
David Hage
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW, ACSW, C-ASWCM
Verified Verified
Lehman, PA 18627
I specialize in working with individual adults, older adults, and families dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment to a disability, dementia, relationship challenges, and more.
I specialize in working with individual adults, older adults, and families dealing with depression, anxiety, adjustment to a disability, dementia, relationship challenges, and more.
(570) 761-6166 View (570) 761-6166

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sara L Grier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lehman, PA
Sara L Grier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Kingston, PA 18704  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
"The therapeutic relationship-when supportive, insightful, and empathetic-is the greatest tool in the healing process." Sara Grier is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Behavioral Specialist Consultant with 15+ years of experience in the mental health field and counseling. Sara's counseling and psychotherapy experience includes sexual abuse (both offender and victim) and processing the painful effects of trauma. Her experience includes disorders of mood, anxiety, depression, adjustment, and personality in both adults and children. Sara is currently licensed in both Pennsylvania(LCSW) and Ohio(LSW).
"The therapeutic relationship-when supportive, insightful, and empathetic-is the greatest tool in the healing process." Sara Grier is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Behavioral Specialist Consultant with 15+ years of experience in the mental health field and counseling. Sara's counseling and psychotherapy experience includes sexual abuse (both offender and victim) and processing the painful effects of trauma. Her experience includes disorders of mood, anxiety, depression, adjustment, and personality in both adults and children. Sara is currently licensed in both Pennsylvania(LCSW) and Ohio(LSW).
(570) 216-5574 View (570) 216-5574
Photo of Jacob Herber, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Jacob Herber
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18703
Reclaim Your Inner Strength! Sometimes life throws curve balls and other challenges and we found ourselves in the midst of powerful storms that impact our well being and balance. If you or someone you care about has had too many negative or unpleasant experiences, you do not have to accept a sentence of suffering and lifetime sadness or anxiety. You can learn how to heal and build a life filled with joy.
Reclaim Your Inner Strength! Sometimes life throws curve balls and other challenges and we found ourselves in the midst of powerful storms that impact our well being and balance. If you or someone you care about has had too many negative or unpleasant experiences, you do not have to accept a sentence of suffering and lifetime sadness or anxiety. You can learn how to heal and build a life filled with joy.
(201) 581-3827 View (201) 581-3827
Photo of Kathy Reiser, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Kathy Reiser
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Kingston, PA 18704
I am a dedicated, compassionate therapist with almost twenty years of experience in the mental health field. By using a combination of treatment methods individuals are helped to change the course of their lives by enhancing their ability to manage life challenges and tap into inner potential. I have worked with clients to address depression, anxiety, resolution of past trauma, relationship issues, transition, grief, lifestyle change and weight management. In collaboration with the client, we work to develop an understanding of unhelpful behaviors that sabotage relationships and the ability to achieve life goals
I am a dedicated, compassionate therapist with almost twenty years of experience in the mental health field. By using a combination of treatment methods individuals are helped to change the course of their lives by enhancing their ability to manage life challenges and tap into inner potential. I have worked with clients to address depression, anxiety, resolution of past trauma, relationship issues, transition, grief, lifestyle change and weight management. In collaboration with the client, we work to develop an understanding of unhelpful behaviors that sabotage relationships and the ability to achieve life goals
(570) 689-8944 View (570) 689-8944
Photo of Diana C. Cuello, Psychologist in Lehman, PA
Diana C. Cuello
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Luzerne, PA 18709  (Online Only)
Let's invent together a way beyond your suffering or problematic repetitions. I use creative language play to release unconscious tensions manifesting as symptoms. In psychoanalysis you can elevate your agency by recognizing your own unfolding processes without the pressure to change. My attention will be focused on the linguistic and homophonous patterns of your unconscious as manifested in your speech, with the aim of distilling the suffering from your words and possibly producing a creative practice in its stead. To that end I will invite you to speak.
Let's invent together a way beyond your suffering or problematic repetitions. I use creative language play to release unconscious tensions manifesting as symptoms. In psychoanalysis you can elevate your agency by recognizing your own unfolding processes without the pressure to change. My attention will be focused on the linguistic and homophonous patterns of your unconscious as manifested in your speech, with the aim of distilling the suffering from your words and possibly producing a creative practice in its stead. To that end I will invite you to speak.
(570) 471-5727 View (570) 471-5727
Photo of Virginia Anderson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Virginia Anderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18701  (Online Only)
As a licensed counselor, I am passionate about offering adults and couples a supportive, empathic, empowering space to guide you through what may seem to be overwhelming barriers. Using multiple therapeutic approaches, I assist clients in exploring their concerns, gaining improved insight, and developing skills to navigate through challenging times. I help those with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction, providing a compassionate and respectful environment to help those on their journey to reaching their goals. Thank you for having the courage to reach out for help.
As a licensed counselor, I am passionate about offering adults and couples a supportive, empathic, empowering space to guide you through what may seem to be overwhelming barriers. Using multiple therapeutic approaches, I assist clients in exploring their concerns, gaining improved insight, and developing skills to navigate through challenging times. I help those with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction, providing a compassionate and respectful environment to help those on their journey to reaching their goals. Thank you for having the courage to reach out for help.
(272) 200-4964 View (272) 200-4964
Photo of Jackalynn Wilson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Jackalynn Wilson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Forty Fort, PA 18704
Hi! My name is Jackie and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Board Certified Art Therapist. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I previously worked in a partial hospitalization program for adolescents facilitating individual, group and family therapy. My goal is to assist others in reaching their goals through a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. I apply a Humanistic approach to therapy, utilizing art therapy techniques to further the process.
Hi! My name is Jackie and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Board Certified Art Therapist. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I previously worked in a partial hospitalization program for adolescents facilitating individual, group and family therapy. My goal is to assist others in reaching their goals through a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. I apply a Humanistic approach to therapy, utilizing art therapy techniques to further the process.
(570) 608-8592 View (570) 608-8592
Photo of Robert Tryzenski, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Robert Tryzenski
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Kingston, PA 18704
With over 25 years of experience in this field, I am unique and eclectic in my approach. I particularly enjoy working with clients who have been seen as "difficult" by others or who have been dissatisfied with counseling in the past. I recognize the hard work that goes into bringing about change, but still feel the overall experience in counseling should be enjoyable. I am passionate about my work and try to make myself as accessible as possible. I welcome the opportunity to discuss your issues with you in a totally free/phone consultation.
With over 25 years of experience in this field, I am unique and eclectic in my approach. I particularly enjoy working with clients who have been seen as "difficult" by others or who have been dissatisfied with counseling in the past. I recognize the hard work that goes into bringing about change, but still feel the overall experience in counseling should be enjoyable. I am passionate about my work and try to make myself as accessible as possible. I welcome the opportunity to discuss your issues with you in a totally free/phone consultation.
(570) 491-1828 View (570) 491-1828
Photo of Robyn Docherty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Robyn Docherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
Luzerne, PA 18709
You have taken a brave and difficult first step by considering therapy. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, increased self judgement, or going through a stressful life transition, I am here for you. I believe that therapy is a commitment and an opportunity to invest in and explore our true selves. I believe change flourishes once a person feels seen and understood. My priority is ensuring that you feel safe and comfortable so that we can work together to reach your goals. We all need a safe space to process and work toward our full potential.
You have taken a brave and difficult first step by considering therapy. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, increased self judgement, or going through a stressful life transition, I am here for you. I believe that therapy is a commitment and an opportunity to invest in and explore our true selves. I believe change flourishes once a person feels seen and understood. My priority is ensuring that you feel safe and comfortable so that we can work together to reach your goals. We all need a safe space to process and work toward our full potential.
(570) 676-1872 View (570) 676-1872
Photo of Ariel McPeek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lehman, PA
Ariel McPeek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Luzerne, PA 18709
It is brave to choose how you want to craft your life. Many people are struggling through big life transitions, are unhappy in their relationships, or they want to move past anxiety and depression. Therapy is a place to understand what is happening now, and how to create something different and better to feel more satisfied. If this is you, I offer a space to look at and understand what is happening in your life, and how you can regain a sense of agency to create what you want. I am warm and engaging, and together we find patterns in your life that keep showing up and getting in your way. We look at how to cultivate what you want.
It is brave to choose how you want to craft your life. Many people are struggling through big life transitions, are unhappy in their relationships, or they want to move past anxiety and depression. Therapy is a place to understand what is happening now, and how to create something different and better to feel more satisfied. If this is you, I offer a space to look at and understand what is happening in your life, and how you can regain a sense of agency to create what you want. I am warm and engaging, and together we find patterns in your life that keep showing up and getting in your way. We look at how to cultivate what you want.
(570) 731-8805 View (570) 731-8805
Photo of Cassidy Dorson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lehman, PA
Cassidy Dorson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18701  (Online Only)
I believe anyone can change their life with the right mindset and tools. We are all in control of our own destinies, and it is my passion to help people discover their own power. I have worked in various settings and roles including an inpatient crisis hospital, outpatient substance use treatment center, college counseling center, therapeutic support staff in schools, mobile therapist, and behavioral consultant. I have worked with people struggling with trauma, schizophrenia, substance use, psychosis, depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, domestic violence, self-esteem issues, and a few others.
I believe anyone can change their life with the right mindset and tools. We are all in control of our own destinies, and it is my passion to help people discover their own power. I have worked in various settings and roles including an inpatient crisis hospital, outpatient substance use treatment center, college counseling center, therapeutic support staff in schools, mobile therapist, and behavioral consultant. I have worked with people struggling with trauma, schizophrenia, substance use, psychosis, depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, personality disorders, domestic violence, self-esteem issues, and a few others.
(570) 468-6200 View (570) 468-6200
Photo of Maureen Reid, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Maureen Reid
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Noxen, PA 18636
“Even the darkest night will end and the sun will rise.” ― Victor Hugo, Les Misérables
“Even the darkest night will end and the sun will rise.” ― Victor Hugo, Les Misérables
(570) 857-2252 View (570) 857-2252
Photo of Dr. John G. Kuna and Associates, Psychologist in Lehman, PA
Dr. John G. Kuna and Associates
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Kingston, PA 18704
In a confidential and compassionate environment, we provide evidence-based, counseling/therapy services to individuals, couples, families, children, teens, and adults for a variety of issues. We also provide neuro-psychological testing and evaluation that may be needed for a variety of reasons: determination of a possible learning disability (AHDH, Autism), fitness for medical procedures (bariatric), Fitness for duty/Lethal weapons testing (Act 235/Act 120) . We accept most (private and state) insurances, have 12 convenient locations, and offer evening and weekend appointments. Please visit out website for more information on our therapists, location, and how we can help you.
In a confidential and compassionate environment, we provide evidence-based, counseling/therapy services to individuals, couples, families, children, teens, and adults for a variety of issues. We also provide neuro-psychological testing and evaluation that may be needed for a variety of reasons: determination of a possible learning disability (AHDH, Autism), fitness for medical procedures (bariatric), Fitness for duty/Lethal weapons testing (Act 235/Act 120) . We accept most (private and state) insurances, have 12 convenient locations, and offer evening and weekend appointments. Please visit out website for more information on our therapists, location, and how we can help you.
(570) 437-0985 View (570) 437-0985
Photo of John Oraczewski, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
John Oraczewski
Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Kingston, PA 18704
Hi! I'm John. Are you having a hard time managing your work stress? Anxiety? Are you feeling like your relationship/marriage is 'On the rocks?' Or, just feeling down? If so, I can help!
Hi! I'm John. Are you having a hard time managing your work stress? Anxiety? Are you feeling like your relationship/marriage is 'On the rocks?' Or, just feeling down? If so, I can help!
(570) 244-3937 View (570) 244-3937
Photo of Four Winds Acupuncture & Integrative Therapies, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lehman, PA
Four Winds Acupuncture & Integrative Therapies
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18701
Are you looking for a holistic counselor? Are you looking for a safe accepting place? I have 20+ years of experience as a Mental Health Therapist. In my practice, I treat children, adults, and families - specializing in trauma, anxiety, autism, and substance abuse. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (PA, NY, and MD). I completed my Doctor of Social Work in October 2019. If you feel that it is time for you to heal and find your life path, please call me at 570-836-7777. My office is at Four Winds Acupuncture Clinic and Integrative Therapies, 6 Sunnyside Road, Tunkhannock, PA 18657.
Are you looking for a holistic counselor? Are you looking for a safe accepting place? I have 20+ years of experience as a Mental Health Therapist. In my practice, I treat children, adults, and families - specializing in trauma, anxiety, autism, and substance abuse. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (PA, NY, and MD). I completed my Doctor of Social Work in October 2019. If you feel that it is time for you to heal and find your life path, please call me at 570-836-7777. My office is at Four Winds Acupuncture Clinic and Integrative Therapies, 6 Sunnyside Road, Tunkhannock, PA 18657.
(570) 715-6833 View (570) 715-6833
Photo of Julia Lieback, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Julia Lieback
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Forty Fort, PA 18704
Hi, I'm Julia! I have always had an interest and passion in being a helper. I received my bachelor's degree in Psychology from Penn State Scranton and my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Shippensburg University. My work focuses on couples/marriage counseling. I have experience with a wide variety of relationship challenges that include infidelity, emotional development, polyamory, building healthy sexual relationships, effective communication styles, and conflict resolution skill building.
Hi, I'm Julia! I have always had an interest and passion in being a helper. I received my bachelor's degree in Psychology from Penn State Scranton and my master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Shippensburg University. My work focuses on couples/marriage counseling. I have experience with a wide variety of relationship challenges that include infidelity, emotional development, polyamory, building healthy sexual relationships, effective communication styles, and conflict resolution skill building.
(570) 605-4524 View (570) 605-4524
Photo of Dr. Mitch and Lisa Marriages/Couples Workshops in Lehman, PA
Dr. Mitch and Lisa Marriages/Couples Workshops
PsyD, MSW, Life, Coach
Verified Verified
Wilkes Barre, PA 18701
Relationships in Crisis: We Have Several Private Couples/Marriage Workshops & Individual Sessions, in order to Rapidly Accelerate Your Healing & Your Communication Process (Traditional 45 min. session Simply Does Not Work). During these 2 to 4 weeks, we will see both of you Together & Individually, as well as Help each of you Learn the Art of Empathy, Sensitivity & Compassion. These Workshops are Informative & Powerful, in order to Accelerate the Healing Process & Stop any further Damage from Occurring. In Addition, Our Success RATE is 85% of Our Couples that have Successfully Completed Our Couples Workshops or Alcohol Treatment.
Relationships in Crisis: We Have Several Private Couples/Marriage Workshops & Individual Sessions, in order to Rapidly Accelerate Your Healing & Your Communication Process (Traditional 45 min. session Simply Does Not Work). During these 2 to 4 weeks, we will see both of you Together & Individually, as well as Help each of you Learn the Art of Empathy, Sensitivity & Compassion. These Workshops are Informative & Powerful, in order to Accelerate the Healing Process & Stop any further Damage from Occurring. In Addition, Our Success RATE is 85% of Our Couples that have Successfully Completed Our Couples Workshops or Alcohol Treatment.
(570) 514-4584 View (570) 514-4584
Photo of George Mercurio, Counselor in Lehman, PA
George Mercurio
Counselor, LPC, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Forty Fort, PA 18704
I started my therapy career as a Drug & Alcohol dual diagnosis counselor in 2016 and have expanded my client base and areas of concentration ever since then. I work with clients suffering from traumatic experiences, addiction, depression, anxiety, grief & loss, personality disorders, and family issues. My client population is 18 and over and I do individual as well as couples counseling, both in person and on telehealth. I use EMDR, CBT, Mindfulness, grounding skills, and emotional regulation techniques to help my clients reach their goals.
I started my therapy career as a Drug & Alcohol dual diagnosis counselor in 2016 and have expanded my client base and areas of concentration ever since then. I work with clients suffering from traumatic experiences, addiction, depression, anxiety, grief & loss, personality disorders, and family issues. My client population is 18 and over and I do individual as well as couples counseling, both in person and on telehealth. I use EMDR, CBT, Mindfulness, grounding skills, and emotional regulation techniques to help my clients reach their goals.
(570) 865-7547 View (570) 865-7547
Photo of Nanticoke / Berwick Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lehman, PA
Nanticoke / Berwick Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Nanticoke, PA 18634
We strongly believe in a person's ability to bring about positive change in their own life and help them achieve this through the development of a healthy, supportive therapeutic environment. Our approach is tailored to meet the individual needs of each client, using solution focused and evidence based interventions. We work with adults and children providing individual, marital/relationship and family therapy.
We strongly believe in a person's ability to bring about positive change in their own life and help them achieve this through the development of a healthy, supportive therapeutic environment. Our approach is tailored to meet the individual needs of each client, using solution focused and evidence based interventions. We work with adults and children providing individual, marital/relationship and family therapy.
(570) 647-4484 View (570) 647-4484
Photo of Kennedy J Straitiff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lehman, PA
Kennedy J Straitiff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, PA 18612
A real-life human who knows how hard it can be to begin therapy and I want to be the person who supports and cheers you on through it! "Success as a therapist is not found in doing something for the client, but rather in being someone for the client." In addition to noted issues below, I am especially passionate about working with teens ages 16 and up and young adults who may resonate with one or more of the following: pet care/animal rescue involvement, college/school stress, only child, athlete, highly sensitive, mental health student/professional, on a fitness journey.
A real-life human who knows how hard it can be to begin therapy and I want to be the person who supports and cheers you on through it! "Success as a therapist is not found in doing something for the client, but rather in being someone for the client." In addition to noted issues below, I am especially passionate about working with teens ages 16 and up and young adults who may resonate with one or more of the following: pet care/animal rescue involvement, college/school stress, only child, athlete, highly sensitive, mental health student/professional, on a fitness journey.
(570) 285-5046 View (570) 285-5046

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lehman, PA

< 10

Therapists in Lehman, PA who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Chronic Pain
100% Geriatric and Seniors
100% Life Coaching

Average years in practice

17 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Male

How Therapists in Lehman, PA see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lehman?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.