Therapists in Tacoma, WA

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Photo of Rye Gottesman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Rye Gottesman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98403
I offer psychoanalysis/psychoanalytic psychotherapy, which is a treatment that considers how your unconscious thoughts and feelings contribute to suffering. I meet with individuals from one to four times a week. Increased session frequency can provide a deeper understanding of your experience and uncover long standing underlying issues that may previously have been unreachable. I work with patients who are struggling with interpersonal and romantic relationship issues of all constellations, depression, anxiety, overwhelming feelings, self harm, extensive cumulative or acute trauma, issues related to family of origin and parenting.
I offer psychoanalysis/psychoanalytic psychotherapy, which is a treatment that considers how your unconscious thoughts and feelings contribute to suffering. I meet with individuals from one to four times a week. Increased session frequency can provide a deeper understanding of your experience and uncover long standing underlying issues that may previously have been unreachable. I work with patients who are struggling with interpersonal and romantic relationship issues of all constellations, depression, anxiety, overwhelming feelings, self harm, extensive cumulative or acute trauma, issues related to family of origin and parenting.
(253) 461-0588 View (253) 461-0588
Photo of Andrew Martin Knight, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Andrew Martin Knight
Counselor, MAC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
I can help clients when they are at a difficult moment dealing with complex life transitions and experiencing grief, anxiety, stress, and anger. I prefer to help clients with existential methods that invoke depth orientated psychological approaches from Jung, Gestalt, and stoicism. Clients that are able to receive homework assignments for mindfulness and reflect on the challenges they are having will be the best equipped to look at introspection and navigate their mood disturbances with assistance in the therapeutic relationship.
I can help clients when they are at a difficult moment dealing with complex life transitions and experiencing grief, anxiety, stress, and anger. I prefer to help clients with existential methods that invoke depth orientated psychological approaches from Jung, Gestalt, and stoicism. Clients that are able to receive homework assignments for mindfulness and reflect on the challenges they are having will be the best equipped to look at introspection and navigate their mood disturbances with assistance in the therapeutic relationship.
(253) 528-7350 View (253) 528-7350
Photo of Laura Brudvig, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Laura Brudvig
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
If you are driven to change conditioned beliefs and unfulfilling patterns, and desire to bring more love, truth, and happiness into your life, there are tools to help you achieve these goals.
If you are driven to change conditioned beliefs and unfulfilling patterns, and desire to bring more love, truth, and happiness into your life, there are tools to help you achieve these goals.
(509) 800-5507 View (509) 800-5507
Photo of Britt Kelly Counseling, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Britt Kelly Counseling, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98405  (Online Only)
I work with parents, adolescents, and adults who need support from a variety of issues including issues related to parenting, general concerns about their children, coping skills for teens and adolescents, managing school stressors, recent diagnosis of ADHD, depression or anxiety, and more. Clients are looking for coping skills and communication strategies to create more harmony and strengthen relationships. I also work with families affected by infertility and those who are looking to build their family through third party reproduction and need support navigating the fertility industry.
I work with parents, adolescents, and adults who need support from a variety of issues including issues related to parenting, general concerns about their children, coping skills for teens and adolescents, managing school stressors, recent diagnosis of ADHD, depression or anxiety, and more. Clients are looking for coping skills and communication strategies to create more harmony and strengthen relationships. I also work with families affected by infertility and those who are looking to build their family through third party reproduction and need support navigating the fertility industry.
(253) 235-3375 View (253) 235-3375
Photo of Joyce Moody, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Joyce Moody, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98409
I like people and enjoy getting to know and understand them. There are many ways we can get stuck or get weighed down in life issues. It is exciting for me to assist others in finding ways to get on with living. I believe this occurs when a client feels comfortable in the relationship with their therapist. As a therapist, my first task is to provide a safe environment for a person to experience themselves in new ways.
I like people and enjoy getting to know and understand them. There are many ways we can get stuck or get weighed down in life issues. It is exciting for me to assist others in finding ways to get on with living. I believe this occurs when a client feels comfortable in the relationship with their therapist. As a therapist, my first task is to provide a safe environment for a person to experience themselves in new ways.
(253) 243-3035 View (253) 243-3035
Photo of Gabriela Raisl, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Tacoma, WA
Gabriela Raisl
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98403
I specialize in working with couples that are needing help creating a new path for connection and emotional safety within their relationship. Some areas include parenting, infidelity, repairing ruptures and needing to strengthen communication. I work with individuals who are experiencing anxiety, depression, life transition and wanting to take a deep look inward. I offer a few spots for whole families who are wanting to connect and create secure attachments, creating a family system that feels in sync and united.
I specialize in working with couples that are needing help creating a new path for connection and emotional safety within their relationship. Some areas include parenting, infidelity, repairing ruptures and needing to strengthen communication. I work with individuals who are experiencing anxiety, depression, life transition and wanting to take a deep look inward. I offer a few spots for whole families who are wanting to connect and create secure attachments, creating a family system that feels in sync and united.
(253) 553-3206 View (253) 553-3206
Photo of Dr. Brook Gillaspie, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Dr. Brook Gillaspie
Counselor, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98406
I am currently accepting patients seeking trauma-informed therapy through EMDR or CPT. I have a diverse background helping adults improve their ability to manage challenges life has thrown their way. Maybe you are struggling with relationships or experiencing difficulty managing stressors and thoughts that impact your daily life. Together we can work to make tackling life's curveballs more manageable. You can schedule with me directly at headway.co/providers/brook-gillaspie.
I am currently accepting patients seeking trauma-informed therapy through EMDR or CPT. I have a diverse background helping adults improve their ability to manage challenges life has thrown their way. Maybe you are struggling with relationships or experiencing difficulty managing stressors and thoughts that impact your daily life. Together we can work to make tackling life's curveballs more manageable. You can schedule with me directly at headway.co/providers/brook-gillaspie.
(253) 499-8298 View (253) 499-8298
Photo of Leslyette Chevez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Leslyette Chevez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98404  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life is a journey filled with unexpected turns. Those unexpected turns might leave you unsettled and unsure of what would be the next road for you to take. As a practitioner, my goal is to empower clients reach their potential and wellbeing. I believe each person has inner strengths that once tapped into, is the driving force that helps them reach stability. As a Latina immigrant, I am bilingual in Spanish with more than 18 years of experience working with families and children from diverse cultural backgrounds facing a variety of issues.
Life is a journey filled with unexpected turns. Those unexpected turns might leave you unsettled and unsure of what would be the next road for you to take. As a practitioner, my goal is to empower clients reach their potential and wellbeing. I believe each person has inner strengths that once tapped into, is the driving force that helps them reach stability. As a Latina immigrant, I am bilingual in Spanish with more than 18 years of experience working with families and children from diverse cultural backgrounds facing a variety of issues.
(253) 243-3314 View (253) 243-3314
Photo of Jason Victor, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Jason Victor
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
Are you feeling like you or your loved one should be getting more out of life than you have been? Sometimes we need a compassionate, objective person to help us sort out problems, regain perspective and enjoy life and our relationships again. It is important for you to feel a connection with your therapist and to sense that the therapist has your best interests at heart. I work from a solution-focused, experiential perspective, building on the power of the therapeutic relationship and clients' personal strengths to support lasting change while working with couples, families, individuals, and children.
Are you feeling like you or your loved one should be getting more out of life than you have been? Sometimes we need a compassionate, objective person to help us sort out problems, regain perspective and enjoy life and our relationships again. It is important for you to feel a connection with your therapist and to sense that the therapist has your best interests at heart. I work from a solution-focused, experiential perspective, building on the power of the therapeutic relationship and clients' personal strengths to support lasting change while working with couples, families, individuals, and children.
(253) 693-4927 View (253) 693-4927
Photo of Blue Agave Therapy and Wellness Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Blue Agave Therapy and Wellness Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
Do you find yourself paralyzed by racing thoughts? Have you struggled to make it through the day or even to get out of bed? Do you look around at your life and feel like you should be happy but just can’t figure out why you aren’t? Anxiety and depression can manifest in many ways. You may feel stuck, sad, numb, or unable to accomplish even the simplest tasks. You may struggle at work, in relationships, and even in caring for yourself. You don’t have to struggle anymore. Anxiety and depression treatment targeted to the unique needs of women can help.
Do you find yourself paralyzed by racing thoughts? Have you struggled to make it through the day or even to get out of bed? Do you look around at your life and feel like you should be happy but just can’t figure out why you aren’t? Anxiety and depression can manifest in many ways. You may feel stuck, sad, numb, or unable to accomplish even the simplest tasks. You may struggle at work, in relationships, and even in caring for yourself. You don’t have to struggle anymore. Anxiety and depression treatment targeted to the unique needs of women can help.
(206) 594-5069 View (206) 594-5069
Photo of Nicole Pullen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Nicole Pullen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98409  (Online Only)
Currently Accepting New Clients! I believe relationships play a critical role in the way we navigate throughout our daily lives. We look to our partner(s) for support, validation, encouragement, and empathy. The security in knowing our needs can and will be met fosters a bond and attachment that safe and secure. When couples can concede to such emotional engagements, secure bonding can evolve, thus establishing a bond that contributes to overall well-being and quality of life.
Currently Accepting New Clients! I believe relationships play a critical role in the way we navigate throughout our daily lives. We look to our partner(s) for support, validation, encouragement, and empathy. The security in knowing our needs can and will be met fosters a bond and attachment that safe and secure. When couples can concede to such emotional engagements, secure bonding can evolve, thus establishing a bond that contributes to overall well-being and quality of life.
(206) 558-5955 View (206) 558-5955
Photo of Pedro Ruiz, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Pedro Ruiz
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98405
Pedro Ruiz is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate in Washington who has been practicing since 2017. He has a Master's of Science in Professional Counseling, with 17+ years of experience with addiction counseling, and depression, anxiety, PTSD, and trauma. Pedro strives to listen actively, gain understanding of the underlying issues and problems, and provide guidance to overcome, find relief, and experience healing from emotional/psychological pain/discomfort.
Pedro Ruiz is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate in Washington who has been practicing since 2017. He has a Master's of Science in Professional Counseling, with 17+ years of experience with addiction counseling, and depression, anxiety, PTSD, and trauma. Pedro strives to listen actively, gain understanding of the underlying issues and problems, and provide guidance to overcome, find relief, and experience healing from emotional/psychological pain/discomfort.
(253) 400-3222 View (253) 400-3222
Photo of Alexandra Emery, Psychologist in Tacoma, WA
Alexandra Emery
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
From the outside it seems like you have it all together, so why aren't you content? Maybe it's work, your relationships, or something else you can't quite put your finger on. Maybe you're struggling with feelings of sadness, unfulfillment, or pain. Maybe you find it difficult to relax, be present, and are constantly looking forward to when you'll finally be happy. Whatever it is, it doesn't feel good, and it definitely doesn't have to be this way. In therapy, I will work to build a collaborative relationship where we can explore these feelings together, and help you to tap into a life that holds more meaning, ease, and fulfilment.
From the outside it seems like you have it all together, so why aren't you content? Maybe it's work, your relationships, or something else you can't quite put your finger on. Maybe you're struggling with feelings of sadness, unfulfillment, or pain. Maybe you find it difficult to relax, be present, and are constantly looking forward to when you'll finally be happy. Whatever it is, it doesn't feel good, and it definitely doesn't have to be this way. In therapy, I will work to build a collaborative relationship where we can explore these feelings together, and help you to tap into a life that holds more meaning, ease, and fulfilment.
(253) 262-0647 View (253) 262-0647
Photo of Rae Miller, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Rae Miller
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402
Not accepting new clients
Rae offers compassionate, non-judgmental therapy for women with the goal of bringing about understanding, healing, growth, and healthy relationships. She wants to support her clients regarding issues such as trauma, anxiety, depression, divorce, parenting, grief/loss, self-esteem, and relationship struggles.
Rae offers compassionate, non-judgmental therapy for women with the goal of bringing about understanding, healing, growth, and healthy relationships. She wants to support her clients regarding issues such as trauma, anxiety, depression, divorce, parenting, grief/loss, self-esteem, and relationship struggles.
(253) 465-2343 View (253) 465-2343
Photo of Jennifer Drake, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Jennifer Drake
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
I strive to create an environment that encourages growth and healing. Issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/ loss, abuse, trauma, domestic violence, anger, relationship and identity crisis leave one feeling depressed and alone. Working closely with individuals, couples, and families, together we will face life's struggles. My experience as a family therapist has provided me with extensive opportunity to work with families and children in the foster care system, or those families at risk of children being removed from the home. Additionally, working as a mental health professional in hospital emergency rooms has provided hands on crisis intervention with individuals facing extreme emotional situations.
I strive to create an environment that encourages growth and healing. Issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/ loss, abuse, trauma, domestic violence, anger, relationship and identity crisis leave one feeling depressed and alone. Working closely with individuals, couples, and families, together we will face life's struggles. My experience as a family therapist has provided me with extensive opportunity to work with families and children in the foster care system, or those families at risk of children being removed from the home. Additionally, working as a mental health professional in hospital emergency rooms has provided hands on crisis intervention with individuals facing extreme emotional situations.
(253) 252-5079 View (253) 252-5079
Photo of Ann Gugger, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Ann Gugger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98407
I am not currently accepting new clients. “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself as I am, then I change” (Carl Rogers). This is the work of therapy. I approach this work holistically, attending to how each of us is impacted by past and present relationships, and by systemic influences. My perspective is grounded in humanistic and attachment theories, and influenced by multicultural and feminist thinking, with an emphasis on counteracting oppression. Research has demonstrated that our bodies hold important information that contributes to healing, therefore I incorporate body-based techniques into therapy as well.
I am not currently accepting new clients. “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself as I am, then I change” (Carl Rogers). This is the work of therapy. I approach this work holistically, attending to how each of us is impacted by past and present relationships, and by systemic influences. My perspective is grounded in humanistic and attachment theories, and influenced by multicultural and feminist thinking, with an emphasis on counteracting oppression. Research has demonstrated that our bodies hold important information that contributes to healing, therefore I incorporate body-based techniques into therapy as well.
(253) 243-2975 View (253) 243-2975
Photo of Graham Murtaugh, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Graham Murtaugh
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98405
Graham holds a Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from The Seattle School of Theology and Psychology. Graham employs a variety of therapeutic modalities (including somatic, narrative, mindfulness, Internal Family Systems and psychodynamic approaches), but his primary focus is utilizing the relationship between therapist and client to foster change. Graham believes we all experience pain, sadness, fear, anger, trauma and uncertainty; these feelings and experiences are often pushed away and can result in distressing or unwanted behaviors.
Graham holds a Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from The Seattle School of Theology and Psychology. Graham employs a variety of therapeutic modalities (including somatic, narrative, mindfulness, Internal Family Systems and psychodynamic approaches), but his primary focus is utilizing the relationship between therapist and client to foster change. Graham believes we all experience pain, sadness, fear, anger, trauma and uncertainty; these feelings and experiences are often pushed away and can result in distressing or unwanted behaviors.
(253) 364-4307 View (253) 364-4307
Photo of Erin Riggio, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Erin Riggio
Counselor, MEd, LMHCA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98403
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel like nobody really sees you? Are you afraid that if they do, they’ll turn away? Sometimes we find ourselves putting on a “perfect” face because inside, we feel anything but. We lash out at the people close to us and then we feel confused and guilty. Maybe you’ve begun to notice some relationship patterns that no longer serve you. Maybe anxiety is holding you back from living a full life. Or maybe unprocessed trauma or grief are showing up in distressing ways. Therapy can help you get unstuck and move from feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and not-enough to balanced, engaged, and whole. I’ve got you.
Do you feel like nobody really sees you? Are you afraid that if they do, they’ll turn away? Sometimes we find ourselves putting on a “perfect” face because inside, we feel anything but. We lash out at the people close to us and then we feel confused and guilty. Maybe you’ve begun to notice some relationship patterns that no longer serve you. Maybe anxiety is holding you back from living a full life. Or maybe unprocessed trauma or grief are showing up in distressing ways. Therapy can help you get unstuck and move from feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and not-enough to balanced, engaged, and whole. I’ve got you.
(253) 893-8457 View (253) 893-8457
Photo of Stanford Stringham, Mental Health Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Stanford Stringham
Mental Health Counselor
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98405
S. Todd Stringham, LMHC, received his Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Walden University in 2016, and has been working for Comprehensive Life Resources as a therapist in Tacoma. Todd's eclectic style draws from a variety of techniques that include: (ACT) Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, (DBT) Dialectical Behavior Therapy, (EMDR) Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and (MI) Motivational Interview. He works with adults suffering from anxiety disorders including phobias and OCD, depression, trauma, stress and adjustment disorder.
S. Todd Stringham, LMHC, received his Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Walden University in 2016, and has been working for Comprehensive Life Resources as a therapist in Tacoma. Todd's eclectic style draws from a variety of techniques that include: (ACT) Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, (DBT) Dialectical Behavior Therapy, (EMDR) Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and (MI) Motivational Interview. He works with adults suffering from anxiety disorders including phobias and OCD, depression, trauma, stress and adjustment disorder.
(253) 364-4695 View (253) 364-4695
Photo of Michael Grant Moen, Mental Health Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Michael Grant Moen
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98422  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I use several therapeutic approaches including CBT, DBT, SFT Narrative therapy to support individual clients, and families. I work with youth 10 or older, couples, parents, and adults seeking professional counseling.
I use several therapeutic approaches including CBT, DBT, SFT Narrative therapy to support individual clients, and families. I work with youth 10 or older, couples, parents, and adults seeking professional counseling.
(253) 242-2989 View (253) 242-2989

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tacoma, WA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Tacoma, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Premera
66% Regence
61% Aetna

How Therapists in Tacoma, WA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tacoma?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.