Therapists in Tacoma, WA

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Photo of Christina R Fajardo-Kraljevich, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Christina R Fajardo-Kraljevich
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
I too am a Woman, Mother, Partner, Daughter, Sister and Friend. I marvel at the mysteries of women and the sacred bonds they have with their children. I admire any woman who has dared to love and had their heart broken. I rise and walk with my sisters when they fall from the pressures of everyday life. I seek to understand how I can be of service to women and children of my community. I listen, wholeheartedly to the cry of grief when it seems like no one else seems to be listening. I am here to hold the space for you and yours.
I too am a Woman, Mother, Partner, Daughter, Sister and Friend. I marvel at the mysteries of women and the sacred bonds they have with their children. I admire any woman who has dared to love and had their heart broken. I rise and walk with my sisters when they fall from the pressures of everyday life. I seek to understand how I can be of service to women and children of my community. I listen, wholeheartedly to the cry of grief when it seems like no one else seems to be listening. I am here to hold the space for you and yours.
(253) 948-9406 View (253) 948-9406
Photo of The Melanated Therapist, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
The Melanated Therapist
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98408  (Online Only)
Jameela Muhammad owner of The Melanated Therapist is designed for those seeking to rebuild and heal from interpersonal and generational trauma. A focus on Black and Brown adolescents and adults struggling with stress, trauma, interpersonal relationships and life transitions. I hope to engage with individuals to build self-love, empathy and compassion for self, as well as teaching coping strategies to work through obstacles in a holistic and goal oriented way.
Jameela Muhammad owner of The Melanated Therapist is designed for those seeking to rebuild and heal from interpersonal and generational trauma. A focus on Black and Brown adolescents and adults struggling with stress, trauma, interpersonal relationships and life transitions. I hope to engage with individuals to build self-love, empathy and compassion for self, as well as teaching coping strategies to work through obstacles in a holistic and goal oriented way.
(253) 367-3866 View (253) 367-3866
Photo of Mackenzie Nitz, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Mackenzie Nitz
Counselor, LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98405  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My mission is clear: to guide individuals towards long-term solutions, instill healthy coping mechanisms, and cultivate positive relationships. For this reason I am drawn to clients who share a desire for overall well-being and are ready to confront negative tendencies. This often involves exploring challenging questions, a process that leads to a deeper understanding of oneself. In order to do this I delve into my clients' histories, recognizing that understanding the past is crucial to addressing present challenges. I am dedicated to cutting through the noise and fostering honest communication within a safe and supportive space.
My mission is clear: to guide individuals towards long-term solutions, instill healthy coping mechanisms, and cultivate positive relationships. For this reason I am drawn to clients who share a desire for overall well-being and are ready to confront negative tendencies. This often involves exploring challenging questions, a process that leads to a deeper understanding of oneself. In order to do this I delve into my clients' histories, recognizing that understanding the past is crucial to addressing present challenges. I am dedicated to cutting through the noise and fostering honest communication within a safe and supportive space.
(253) 262-0102 View (253) 262-0102
Photo of Sharmayne Arrington, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Sharmayne Arrington
Counselor, LMHC, CMHS, EMMHS, MACP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98403
Women seeking healthier relationships are my specialty. Even now, if you are deciding to change how you exist in this world you are already in transformation. Transformation comes through making choices that are conscious, consistent & compassionate and through dis-internalizing systems that are set up to repress and minimize your preciousness. The more we do this, the more we can give & receive love, find our fellow travelers (because we aren't meant to do this alone!) and create safe spaces in otherwise stormy places. With hearts open, and wisdom engaged, change becomes beautifully inevitable.
Women seeking healthier relationships are my specialty. Even now, if you are deciding to change how you exist in this world you are already in transformation. Transformation comes through making choices that are conscious, consistent & compassionate and through dis-internalizing systems that are set up to repress and minimize your preciousness. The more we do this, the more we can give & receive love, find our fellow travelers (because we aren't meant to do this alone!) and create safe spaces in otherwise stormy places. With hearts open, and wisdom engaged, change becomes beautifully inevitable.
(253) 893-4810 View (253) 893-4810
Photo of Jireh Miller, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Jireh Miller
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98403  (Online Only)
Have you diligently worked to create a life that thrives, but still feel stuck by childhood or continuing harm? Is your past contributing to anxiety or depression in your current life? Often the coping strategies we form in childhood survive past their "effectiveness date," creating an invisible force that holds us back from thriving. In session, we will create a space for you to explore past, present, and hopes for the future. We will hold both harm and healing, as we create a framework for developing skills and a making adjustments that bring a freedom to thrive. Together we will forge a path that accounts for the beauty and harm.
Have you diligently worked to create a life that thrives, but still feel stuck by childhood or continuing harm? Is your past contributing to anxiety or depression in your current life? Often the coping strategies we form in childhood survive past their "effectiveness date," creating an invisible force that holds us back from thriving. In session, we will create a space for you to explore past, present, and hopes for the future. We will hold both harm and healing, as we create a framework for developing skills and a making adjustments that bring a freedom to thrive. Together we will forge a path that accounts for the beauty and harm.
(253) 499-5123 View (253) 499-5123
Photo of Jennae Phillippe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Jennae Phillippe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98465  (Online Only)
Asking for help may be the hardest and most courageous thing any of us can do. Utilizing Narrative Therapy, I help clients identify their values and skills to help them effectively confront current and future problems. I want to help people challenge and change the scripts that hold them back from self-compassion, curiosity, and creativity. My ultimate goal is to help people cultivate joy in their lives so that they can feel connected to the moments and people that matter to them most.
Asking for help may be the hardest and most courageous thing any of us can do. Utilizing Narrative Therapy, I help clients identify their values and skills to help them effectively confront current and future problems. I want to help people challenge and change the scripts that hold them back from self-compassion, curiosity, and creativity. My ultimate goal is to help people cultivate joy in their lives so that they can feel connected to the moments and people that matter to them most.
(253) 364-1109 View (253) 364-1109
Photo of Red Dahlia Art Therapy, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Red Dahlia Art Therapy
Counselor, MA AT, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98405
Red Dahlia Art Therapy cultivates emotional stability with individuals navigating life issues. Creative problem solving with a therapist that offers unconditional positive regard is key to maximizing your strengths and igniting your passion and resilience. Connect to your creativity and explore your journey. Nurture your center where your healing and growth thrive. The red dahlia is a symbol of strength and healing. With art therapy your unique life vision becomes clear.
Red Dahlia Art Therapy cultivates emotional stability with individuals navigating life issues. Creative problem solving with a therapist that offers unconditional positive regard is key to maximizing your strengths and igniting your passion and resilience. Connect to your creativity and explore your journey. Nurture your center where your healing and growth thrive. The red dahlia is a symbol of strength and healing. With art therapy your unique life vision becomes clear.
(253) 328-9579 View (253) 328-9579
Photo of Tamara Pietzke, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Tamara Pietzke
Counselor, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98443  (Online Only)
You matter. Your story matters. What's bringing you to this page right now matters. I care deeply about helping my clients feel seen and heard. I consider it an honor to come alongside someone and to be let into their world. As part of the therapeutic process, we can help uncover lies you might be believing, identify counterproductive thinking, explore relationship dynamics, process trauma, and troubleshoot life stressors.
You matter. Your story matters. What's bringing you to this page right now matters. I care deeply about helping my clients feel seen and heard. I consider it an honor to come alongside someone and to be let into their world. As part of the therapeutic process, we can help uncover lies you might be believing, identify counterproductive thinking, explore relationship dynamics, process trauma, and troubleshoot life stressors.
(253) 364-6276 View (253) 364-6276
Photo of Ashaniece Anderson, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Ashaniece Anderson
Counselor, AAC, CPC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
Let's face it, life is hard, and it doesn't seem to be getting any easier. I noticed that most people just live their lives on a day-by-day basis and struggle with finding true meaning in their lives. This may be due to the internal struggles that we all face such as anxiety, depression, grief, fear, anger, and so many other issues. We may try to deal with our issues on our own, and sometimes this works for many of us. Yet, there are some issues that may seem tougher than others, which can weigh on our moods and negatively impact our relationships with others and ourselves. Seeking help is easier said than done for most.
Let's face it, life is hard, and it doesn't seem to be getting any easier. I noticed that most people just live their lives on a day-by-day basis and struggle with finding true meaning in their lives. This may be due to the internal struggles that we all face such as anxiety, depression, grief, fear, anger, and so many other issues. We may try to deal with our issues on our own, and sometimes this works for many of us. Yet, there are some issues that may seem tougher than others, which can weigh on our moods and negatively impact our relationships with others and ourselves. Seeking help is easier said than done for most.
(253) 893-6805 x7707 View (253) 893-6805 x7707
Photo of Deborah Lopez, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Deborah Lopez
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98446
Taking new clients in person for equine assisted psychotherapy, outside and socially distant sessions, and/or more traditional solution focused and cognitive behavioral therapy. If you are dealing with life changes or struggling with anxiety and/or depression I can help. I am a designated Mental Health Professional and Children's Mental Health Specialist . Licensed MH counselor in the Washington. I work with families individuals and couples toward goals that we identify together. Services to military veterans and family members at no cost through a contract with the Department of Veterans affairs.
Taking new clients in person for equine assisted psychotherapy, outside and socially distant sessions, and/or more traditional solution focused and cognitive behavioral therapy. If you are dealing with life changes or struggling with anxiety and/or depression I can help. I am a designated Mental Health Professional and Children's Mental Health Specialist . Licensed MH counselor in the Washington. I work with families individuals and couples toward goals that we identify together. Services to military veterans and family members at no cost through a contract with the Department of Veterans affairs.
(253) 243-3346 View (253) 243-3346
Photo of Jennifer Drake, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Jennifer Drake
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
I strive to create an environment that encourages growth and healing. Issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/ loss, abuse, trauma, domestic violence, anger, relationship and identity crisis leave one feeling depressed and alone. Working closely with individuals, couples, and families, together we will face life's struggles. My experience as a family therapist has provided me with extensive opportunity to work with families and children in the foster care system, or those families at risk of children being removed from the home. Additionally, working as a mental health professional in hospital emergency rooms has provided hands on crisis intervention with individuals facing extreme emotional situations.
I strive to create an environment that encourages growth and healing. Issues such as anxiety, depression, grief/ loss, abuse, trauma, domestic violence, anger, relationship and identity crisis leave one feeling depressed and alone. Working closely with individuals, couples, and families, together we will face life's struggles. My experience as a family therapist has provided me with extensive opportunity to work with families and children in the foster care system, or those families at risk of children being removed from the home. Additionally, working as a mental health professional in hospital emergency rooms has provided hands on crisis intervention with individuals facing extreme emotional situations.
(253) 252-5079 View (253) 252-5079
Photo of Ruth Currah, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Ruth Currah
Counselor, PhD
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98409
Not accepting new clients
I use an interdisciplinary approach, which means I use different styles of counseling to meet the different needs and personalities of clients. I always allow their feedback so they remain comfortable. I try and meet their perceptual needs, emotional needs, cognitive needs, situational needs, and respect their individual personalities. I have worked with all ages, sexual orientations, ethnic backgrounds (including the Middle and Far East), and social economic backgrounds.
I use an interdisciplinary approach, which means I use different styles of counseling to meet the different needs and personalities of clients. I always allow their feedback so they remain comfortable. I try and meet their perceptual needs, emotional needs, cognitive needs, situational needs, and respect their individual personalities. I have worked with all ages, sexual orientations, ethnic backgrounds (including the Middle and Far East), and social economic backgrounds.
(253) 201-2475 View (253) 201-2475
Photo of Priscilla Bey, MSW, LSWAIC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Priscilla Bey, MSW, LSWAIC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
The ability to communicate and reason are the attributes that set us apart from other species. Active listening is key to understanding and reaching a resolution to the personal barriers that render us as individuals and make us unique.
The ability to communicate and reason are the attributes that set us apart from other species. Active listening is key to understanding and reaching a resolution to the personal barriers that render us as individuals and make us unique.
(425) 655-1912 x1 View (425) 655-1912 x1
Photo of Troy Huffman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Troy Huffman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98408
I enjoy working with couples, families and individuals. As a therapist, I look to identify your strengths and utilize those to find solutions to the specific problems you are experiencing. Some of the ways we will accomplish this are by looking at the various ways that thoughts and emotions may be driving your behaviors. I also like to explore the context of your life and situations that may be contributing to the problem in ways you may not have recognized. We'll use the insights, information, and strengths to help you transition more into your solutions.
I enjoy working with couples, families and individuals. As a therapist, I look to identify your strengths and utilize those to find solutions to the specific problems you are experiencing. Some of the ways we will accomplish this are by looking at the various ways that thoughts and emotions may be driving your behaviors. I also like to explore the context of your life and situations that may be contributing to the problem in ways you may not have recognized. We'll use the insights, information, and strengths to help you transition more into your solutions.
(253) 766-5537 View (253) 766-5537
Photo of David Hodel, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
David Hodel
Counselor, MA, LMHC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
My goal is to help each of my clients experience self-acceptance, growth and healing in their particular context. I specialize in treating relationships and communication issues, anxiety, depression, grief, and emotional trauma, but welcome other areas of focus as well. My clients can expect to find a safe, judgement-free atmosphere where we can journey together toward lasting solutions. I take cues from my clients to determine how quickly we move forward and in which manner. Together, we can better understand the internal structures driving behavior, and chart a course toward growth and health.
My goal is to help each of my clients experience self-acceptance, growth and healing in their particular context. I specialize in treating relationships and communication issues, anxiety, depression, grief, and emotional trauma, but welcome other areas of focus as well. My clients can expect to find a safe, judgement-free atmosphere where we can journey together toward lasting solutions. I take cues from my clients to determine how quickly we move forward and in which manner. Together, we can better understand the internal structures driving behavior, and chart a course toward growth and health.
(253) 523-2774 View (253) 523-2774
Photo of Bethany Lynn Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Bethany Lynn Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
I work with individuals that experience anxiety, depression and codependency. You may be experiencing struggles in relationships with others or yourself. You may feel like life is chaotic and you are not sure why certain feelings are coming to the surface as they are. It is my sincere desire for you to cultivate and maintain healthy relationships and experience calm within yourself and with others. I use Inner Child Work, Somatic Therapy and CBT to explore unhelpful thought patterns/behaviors and equip you with the skills to manage uncomfortable emotions.
I work with individuals that experience anxiety, depression and codependency. You may be experiencing struggles in relationships with others or yourself. You may feel like life is chaotic and you are not sure why certain feelings are coming to the surface as they are. It is my sincere desire for you to cultivate and maintain healthy relationships and experience calm within yourself and with others. I use Inner Child Work, Somatic Therapy and CBT to explore unhelpful thought patterns/behaviors and equip you with the skills to manage uncomfortable emotions.
(253) 367-3289 View (253) 367-3289
Photo of Mark Zimmerman, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Mark Zimmerman
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98407
When our old methods of coping with life's difficulties no longer work, we can find ourselves stuck - in depression, with anxiety, feeling worthless, maybe afraid to even reach out for help. Talking with someone who can assist you in discovering what went wrong and how to heal from it could be invaluable. Each person is unique and has a story to tell. I'll want to hear your story. I strive to provide everyone with a non-judgmental, empathic atmosphere in which you can feel safe to express any experience however painful or shameful it may feel.
When our old methods of coping with life's difficulties no longer work, we can find ourselves stuck - in depression, with anxiety, feeling worthless, maybe afraid to even reach out for help. Talking with someone who can assist you in discovering what went wrong and how to heal from it could be invaluable. Each person is unique and has a story to tell. I'll want to hear your story. I strive to provide everyone with a non-judgmental, empathic atmosphere in which you can feel safe to express any experience however painful or shameful it may feel.
(206) 312-7358 View (206) 312-7358
Photo of Tygh Stephens, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tacoma, WA
Tygh Stephens
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98406
As a queer therapist I understand the complexities surrounding the dynamics of coming out, starting hormones/ social transitioning, dating within a small community, and trying be queer in a world that isn't supporting you. For couples navigating your interpersonal relationship and the stresses that are compounded by your outside responsibilities is hard and often make conflict more difficult. As your therapist we can work on setting goals surrounding coming out, transitioning, relationship issues, and managing the anxiety, depression, and trauma that accompanies the minority stress and burn out in your life.
As a queer therapist I understand the complexities surrounding the dynamics of coming out, starting hormones/ social transitioning, dating within a small community, and trying be queer in a world that isn't supporting you. For couples navigating your interpersonal relationship and the stresses that are compounded by your outside responsibilities is hard and often make conflict more difficult. As your therapist we can work on setting goals surrounding coming out, transitioning, relationship issues, and managing the anxiety, depression, and trauma that accompanies the minority stress and burn out in your life.
(253) 400-2201 View (253) 400-2201
Photo of LEEF Mental Health, PLLC, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
LEEF Mental Health, PLLC
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98409
Supervision slots available for MH professionals pursuing licensure. Are negative thoughts and feelings overwhelming you each day? Do you want a partner to help you through this tough transition in your life? Are you ready to turn over a new leaf with a greater lease on life? I’ll be there. Reach-out to me. I am committed to addressing all of your unique needs with respect and dignity. The therapeutic process is a collaboration driven by you. I take a supportive, multicultural, holistic approach towards healing and recovery. I encourage your independence, stability, learning, and goals in therapy.
Supervision slots available for MH professionals pursuing licensure. Are negative thoughts and feelings overwhelming you each day? Do you want a partner to help you through this tough transition in your life? Are you ready to turn over a new leaf with a greater lease on life? I’ll be there. Reach-out to me. I am committed to addressing all of your unique needs with respect and dignity. The therapeutic process is a collaboration driven by you. I take a supportive, multicultural, holistic approach towards healing and recovery. I encourage your independence, stability, learning, and goals in therapy.
View
Photo of Jessica Gonzalez, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Jessica Gonzalez
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
It is a great honor to walk beside you on this journey. As your therapist, I accept you as you are and not as you should be. Although I believe that therapy is a self healing process , I am here to hold space for you and provide tools to assist you as you navigate your life experience. In 2019, I transitioned into Community Mental Health which is where I have practiced different therapeutic models with individuals from all walks of life. Therapy is not a one size fits all experience which is why I adopt many therapeutic lenses and tailor them to each client.
It is a great honor to walk beside you on this journey. As your therapist, I accept you as you are and not as you should be. Although I believe that therapy is a self healing process , I am here to hold space for you and provide tools to assist you as you navigate your life experience. In 2019, I transitioned into Community Mental Health which is where I have practiced different therapeutic models with individuals from all walks of life. Therapy is not a one size fits all experience which is why I adopt many therapeutic lenses and tailor them to each client.
(253) 316-8345 View (253) 316-8345

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tacoma, WA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Tacoma, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Premera
66% Regence
61% Aetna

How Therapists in Tacoma, WA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tacoma?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.