Therapists in Royal Oak, MI

Photo of Laura L Feeney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Laura L Feeney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LMSW , LISW-S
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
It takes a great deal of courage to take that first step into healing and growth. I love what I do and its an honor for me to be allowed that privilege to be a part of you life transformation. I am here to support your journey through facilitating the process of healing using a strengths-based perspective.
It takes a great deal of courage to take that first step into healing and growth. I love what I do and its an honor for me to be allowed that privilege to be a part of you life transformation. I am here to support your journey through facilitating the process of healing using a strengths-based perspective.
(734) 521-4221 View (734) 521-4221
Photo of Jeff Gruber, Psychologist in Royal Oak, MI
Jeff Gruber
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
I have over 22 years of mental health experience with a Doctorate Degree in Clinical Psychology from the MiSPP and Master of Arts Degree from the UDM in Clinical Psychology with a concentration in addiction studies. I provide Compassionate and Individualized treatment. My approach to therapy is eclectic utilizing a variety of modalities, including psychodynamic, solution focused, insight orientated. I have experience working with adolescents, adults, and geriatrics seeking treatment for anxiety, depression, health issues, divorce, life transitions, stress, LGBT+ issues, parent training, couples counseling, and consultation.
I have over 22 years of mental health experience with a Doctorate Degree in Clinical Psychology from the MiSPP and Master of Arts Degree from the UDM in Clinical Psychology with a concentration in addiction studies. I provide Compassionate and Individualized treatment. My approach to therapy is eclectic utilizing a variety of modalities, including psychodynamic, solution focused, insight orientated. I have experience working with adolescents, adults, and geriatrics seeking treatment for anxiety, depression, health issues, divorce, life transitions, stress, LGBT+ issues, parent training, couples counseling, and consultation.
(248) 809-5454 View (248) 809-5454
Photo of Rita Clark, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Rita Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Are you or your partners sexual behaviors causing distress in your life and your relationship? Are you stuck in the power struggle and in a gridlock in communication with your partner? I can help you have both relational and sexual conversations with your partner whether you come in together or individually. I also work with depression and anxiety disorders. My treatment approaches are Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Reality Therapy (RT), Solution Focused-Brief Therapy, Behavioral and Humanistic Therapies with an emphasis of using integrative approaches to maximize positive client outcomes.
Are you or your partners sexual behaviors causing distress in your life and your relationship? Are you stuck in the power struggle and in a gridlock in communication with your partner? I can help you have both relational and sexual conversations with your partner whether you come in together or individually. I also work with depression and anxiety disorders. My treatment approaches are Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Reality Therapy (RT), Solution Focused-Brief Therapy, Behavioral and Humanistic Therapies with an emphasis of using integrative approaches to maximize positive client outcomes.
(248) 292-3426 View (248) 292-3426
Photo of Rebecca Dickinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Rebecca Dickinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Becky Dickinson is a Licensed Master Social Worker with 20+ years of experience working in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping both children and adults achieve an improved sense of well-being and functioning. Becky works from a strengths-based perspective and assists clients with identifying their areas of strength and mobilizing that to address things that they want to work on. Becky specializes in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma, adjustment and life-change issues, and substance use disorders. She holds a master’s degree in Social Work from Michigan State University.
Becky Dickinson is a Licensed Master Social Worker with 20+ years of experience working in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping both children and adults achieve an improved sense of well-being and functioning. Becky works from a strengths-based perspective and assists clients with identifying their areas of strength and mobilizing that to address things that they want to work on. Becky specializes in depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma, adjustment and life-change issues, and substance use disorders. She holds a master’s degree in Social Work from Michigan State University.
(248) 985-8312 View (248) 985-8312
Photo of Lea Dickinson, Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Lea Dickinson
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48073
Waitlist for new clients
Life is difficult. Grief, loss, trauma and all of the existential concerns of relationships with others, the relationship with yourself and the meaning and purpose for your life and occupations, are all very real emotional problems. Effective therapy addresses these concerns in a way that nothing else can.
Life is difficult. Grief, loss, trauma and all of the existential concerns of relationships with others, the relationship with yourself and the meaning and purpose for your life and occupations, are all very real emotional problems. Effective therapy addresses these concerns in a way that nothing else can.
(248) 970-9703 View (248) 970-9703
Photo of Diane Levy-Rubinstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Diane Levy-Rubinstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Are you tired of living in an emotional hell where your relationships are struggles instead of pleasurable meaningful experiences? Do you have trouble with interpersonal effectiveness as well as controlling your emotions? Do you find yourself battling with depression and anxiety? Are you frequently experiencing conflicts with you partner? Considered marriage or couples counseling ? Do you find that your communication skills are indirect and you are not getting what you want? Are you grieving the loss of a spouse, child or friend? Do you feel stuck and unable to move forward? Are you looking for your a life worth living?
Are you tired of living in an emotional hell where your relationships are struggles instead of pleasurable meaningful experiences? Do you have trouble with interpersonal effectiveness as well as controlling your emotions? Do you find yourself battling with depression and anxiety? Are you frequently experiencing conflicts with you partner? Considered marriage or couples counseling ? Do you find that your communication skills are indirect and you are not getting what you want? Are you grieving the loss of a spouse, child or friend? Do you feel stuck and unable to move forward? Are you looking for your a life worth living?
(248) 826-2456 View (248) 826-2456
Photo of Chelsea Peraino Smoots, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Chelsea Peraino Smoots
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MBA, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Therapy is simply a tool to utilize to find a path to a healthier, more stable future. We cannot navigate our future without understanding the impact of our past. We cannot adjust our behaviors without delving into our inner thoughts. My compassion and down-to-earth style of communication, accompanied by my emphasis on accountability and self-motivation, create for a comforting yet effective method of therapy. I provide adult individual therapy. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, dual diagnoses, trauma, domestic violence and sexual assault, substance abuse, and grief/loss.
Therapy is simply a tool to utilize to find a path to a healthier, more stable future. We cannot navigate our future without understanding the impact of our past. We cannot adjust our behaviors without delving into our inner thoughts. My compassion and down-to-earth style of communication, accompanied by my emphasis on accountability and self-motivation, create for a comforting yet effective method of therapy. I provide adult individual therapy. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, dual diagnoses, trauma, domestic violence and sexual assault, substance abuse, and grief/loss.
(248) 450-5326 View (248) 450-5326
Photo of Advanced Counseling & Recovery, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Royal Oak, MI
Advanced Counseling & Recovery
Limited Licensed Psychologist, PhD, LLP, CAADC
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Assisting with achieving the impossible. Miracles happen every day!
Assisting with achieving the impossible. Miracles happen every day!
(248) 572-1678 View (248) 572-1678
Photo of Talk to Marilyn Counseling & Life Coaching, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Talk to Marilyn Counseling & Life Coaching, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
I'm a National Board Certified, Licensed Professional Counselor. I treat clients for depression, anxiety, grief and loss, self-esteem and anger issues, post traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), sexual trauma, career and life coaching. I use an integrated theoretical approach that includes Cognitive Behavior and Existential Therapy. I use an empathic and individualized approach to help my clients. I strive to honor and respect the uniqueness of each individual; beginning therapy by identifying and understanding my client's goals and establishing a treatment plan based on those individualized goals.
I'm a National Board Certified, Licensed Professional Counselor. I treat clients for depression, anxiety, grief and loss, self-esteem and anger issues, post traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), sexual trauma, career and life coaching. I use an integrated theoretical approach that includes Cognitive Behavior and Existential Therapy. I use an empathic and individualized approach to help my clients. I strive to honor and respect the uniqueness of each individual; beginning therapy by identifying and understanding my client's goals and establishing a treatment plan based on those individualized goals.
(947) 800-4056 View (947) 800-4056
Photo of Melissa Mendoza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Melissa Mendoza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Hi I'm Melissa an empath with a passion for helping people! Life certainly isn't easy. Every one of us-no matter who we are-needs help at one time or another. Whether you are faced with an unexpected tragedy, terrible unforeseen circumstances, trouble coping with the stresses of daily life, struggling with despair of depression, anxiety due to juggling work/life/family, trauma after an abortion, or handling a tumultuous relationship, the truth is, we've all been there. Why? Because we are human. You deserve to be happy and healing is our first step. Ready for change? Let's talk! Book Appointments via website: www.PinkPsy.com
Hi I'm Melissa an empath with a passion for helping people! Life certainly isn't easy. Every one of us-no matter who we are-needs help at one time or another. Whether you are faced with an unexpected tragedy, terrible unforeseen circumstances, trouble coping with the stresses of daily life, struggling with despair of depression, anxiety due to juggling work/life/family, trauma after an abortion, or handling a tumultuous relationship, the truth is, we've all been there. Why? Because we are human. You deserve to be happy and healing is our first step. Ready for change? Let's talk! Book Appointments via website: www.PinkPsy.com
(833) 746-5779 View (833) 746-5779
Photo of Lacey Trent, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Lacey Trent
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067
I specialize in working with teens and families, adults and older adults in areas including communication, depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, stress management, mild cognitive impairment, chronic illness, binge eating disorder, and adjusting to life transitions. Depending on your unique strengths and challenges, I implement Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Motivational Interviewing, psycho-dynamic, mindfulness, and existential-humanistic approaches.
I specialize in working with teens and families, adults and older adults in areas including communication, depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, stress management, mild cognitive impairment, chronic illness, binge eating disorder, and adjusting to life transitions. Depending on your unique strengths and challenges, I implement Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Motivational Interviewing, psycho-dynamic, mindfulness, and existential-humanistic approaches.
(248) 413-8074 View (248) 413-8074
Photo of Marni Lauren Hus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Marni Lauren Hus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CASDCS
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Waitlist for new clients
The goal of my practice is to provide behavioral and emotional support to families with children ages 4-13. I work to assist in developing a strong foundation from which a child can grow and reach their full potential.
The goal of my practice is to provide behavioral and emotional support to families with children ages 4-13. I work to assist in developing a strong foundation from which a child can grow and reach their full potential.
(248) 301-0996 View (248) 301-0996
Photo of Marla McCaffrey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Marla McCaffrey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Seeing a therapist doesn’t mean there is something wrong with you. It means that you may be seeking clarity in some areas in your life, or wanting to work through complex emotions. It may mean you are working through a traumatic experience or challenging negative thinking patterns. Some people come to therapy to learn new ways to cope with difficult situations, or they may be focused on personal growth. Whatever the reason you are considering therapy, I can help you increase your understanding of your thoughts, feelings and behaviors and explore areas in your life that you would like to improve in a compassionate and empathic space.
Seeing a therapist doesn’t mean there is something wrong with you. It means that you may be seeking clarity in some areas in your life, or wanting to work through complex emotions. It may mean you are working through a traumatic experience or challenging negative thinking patterns. Some people come to therapy to learn new ways to cope with difficult situations, or they may be focused on personal growth. Whatever the reason you are considering therapy, I can help you increase your understanding of your thoughts, feelings and behaviors and explore areas in your life that you would like to improve in a compassionate and empathic space.
(947) 888-5042 View (947) 888-5042
Photo of Christine Turton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Christine Turton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067
I have 11 years of experience providing individual therapy, family therapy, group therapy, and psychological evaluations to children, teens and young adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, ADHD and Depression. I value mindfulness techniques and am knowledgeable of a variety of therapy models, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Interpersonal and Family Systems and Parent Child Interactive Therapy (PCIT).
I have 11 years of experience providing individual therapy, family therapy, group therapy, and psychological evaluations to children, teens and young adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, ADHD and Depression. I value mindfulness techniques and am knowledgeable of a variety of therapy models, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Interpersonal and Family Systems and Parent Child Interactive Therapy (PCIT).
(248) 671-6522 View (248) 671-6522
Photo of Liz DeLandsheer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Liz DeLandsheer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067
Are you struggling to find meaningful relationships or just tired of feeling disappointed by others? Maybe your needs are not being met professionally, emotionally, or intellectually? We will explore why you’re stuck, understand the patterns, and create a plan to help you achieve your goals. By first developing insight into behavior and relationship patterns, we can create strategies to resolve those conflicts. Later, learn ways to tolerate pain, move forward in the fear, and feel ready to take action in those steps. You will learn to tolerate anxiety, heal past trauma, improve the connection with yourself, and feel understood.
Are you struggling to find meaningful relationships or just tired of feeling disappointed by others? Maybe your needs are not being met professionally, emotionally, or intellectually? We will explore why you’re stuck, understand the patterns, and create a plan to help you achieve your goals. By first developing insight into behavior and relationship patterns, we can create strategies to resolve those conflicts. Later, learn ways to tolerate pain, move forward in the fear, and feel ready to take action in those steps. You will learn to tolerate anxiety, heal past trauma, improve the connection with yourself, and feel understood.
(248) 965-0587 View (248) 965-0587
Photo of Johanna Champagne, Licensed Professional Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Johanna Champagne
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients for day time appointments... Lets face it: seeking out a therapist can be a daunting task. One of the most important parts of therapy is the therapeutic relationship. What I offer is non-judgmental, validating, genuine, and honest. I offer a space for you to explore and express your emotions, traumas, and behaviors free of judgements or bias. We will work together to come up with solutions and skills to help you feel better and find balance, and hope. It is my belief that everyone can find meaning and fulfillment in their lives, no matter how difficult it may seem.
Accepting new clients for day time appointments... Lets face it: seeking out a therapist can be a daunting task. One of the most important parts of therapy is the therapeutic relationship. What I offer is non-judgmental, validating, genuine, and honest. I offer a space for you to explore and express your emotions, traumas, and behaviors free of judgements or bias. We will work together to come up with solutions and skills to help you feel better and find balance, and hope. It is my belief that everyone can find meaning and fulfillment in their lives, no matter how difficult it may seem.
(248) 292-3298 View (248) 292-3298
Photo of Cotrena Chambliss, Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Cotrena Chambliss
Counselor, MSC , MHC, LLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48073  (Online Only)
I provide Behavioral Mental Health Therapy for Children and Families/ seeking services for Infant Mental Health. I work with Pregnant moms. Dads with depression past/current history of loss or trauma lack of social support seeking therapy for positive coping skills and childcare practices. I provide individual therapy for women and men looking to make life changes for the future. Parents with children seeking counseling services for Intellectual Developmental Delayed. Looking to meeting your full Expectations with all your dreams and aspirations I offer motivational and positive encouragement group and Individual Therapy.
I provide Behavioral Mental Health Therapy for Children and Families/ seeking services for Infant Mental Health. I work with Pregnant moms. Dads with depression past/current history of loss or trauma lack of social support seeking therapy for positive coping skills and childcare practices. I provide individual therapy for women and men looking to make life changes for the future. Parents with children seeking counseling services for Intellectual Developmental Delayed. Looking to meeting your full Expectations with all your dreams and aspirations I offer motivational and positive encouragement group and Individual Therapy.
(248) 422-0499 View (248) 422-0499
Photo of Maria Bouharb, Licensed Professional Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Maria Bouharb
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ACS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48073  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and an Approved Clinical Supervisor. I have extensive experience providing services for individuals dealing with anxiety and stress. I have worked over 12 years providing behavioral health services to military personnel.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and an Approved Clinical Supervisor. I have extensive experience providing services for individuals dealing with anxiety and stress. I have worked over 12 years providing behavioral health services to military personnel.
(248) 780-8710 View (248) 780-8710
Photo of Jaclyn Cole, Marriage & Family Therapist in Royal Oak, MI
Jaclyn Cole
Marriage & Family Therapist, R-DMT, LLMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48073  (Online Only)
Our relationships have an enormous impact on our lives, and having tension in our most important relationships can cause tension in all areas of our lives. I understand the importance of resolving the stress in our relationships, and the care and patience it takes to do so. Together, we can help develop the tools to create improved communication and support to work towards healthy connections in life.
Our relationships have an enormous impact on our lives, and having tension in our most important relationships can cause tension in all areas of our lives. I understand the importance of resolving the stress in our relationships, and the care and patience it takes to do so. Together, we can help develop the tools to create improved communication and support to work towards healthy connections in life.
(248) 406-6789 View (248) 406-6789
Photo of Chantelle James, Counselor in Royal Oak, MI
Chantelle James
Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48067  (Online Only)
You dream of a calmer and fulfilled journey through your life. One where you can breathe in the fresh air and enjoy the benefits of your hard work. Taking a little extra time in the morning to enjoy a cup of coffee on your porch or seizing a special moment of your day. However, you find a contradiction in what your soul desires and in your actual life. You find yourself feeling busy, you barely have time to look up and often feel isolated and alone, as if no one quite understands your inner feelings of: anxiety, depression, sadness, trauma, relationship or self esteem concerns. When will your moment come to feel understood?
You dream of a calmer and fulfilled journey through your life. One where you can breathe in the fresh air and enjoy the benefits of your hard work. Taking a little extra time in the morning to enjoy a cup of coffee on your porch or seizing a special moment of your day. However, you find a contradiction in what your soul desires and in your actual life. You find yourself feeling busy, you barely have time to look up and often feel isolated and alone, as if no one quite understands your inner feelings of: anxiety, depression, sadness, trauma, relationship or self esteem concerns. When will your moment come to feel understood?
(248) 278-7131 View (248) 278-7131

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Royal Oak, MI

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Royal Oak, MI who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
92% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
81% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
72% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Blue Care Network
58% Aetna

How Therapists in Royal Oak, MI see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Royal Oak?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.