Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

Photo of Catherine Nonnemacher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Catherine Nonnemacher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
(484) 778-4619 View (484) 778-4619
Photo of Jordan Whitaker, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Jordan Whitaker
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018  (Online Only)
Welcome! Taking the first step is always difficult, and I am so glad you are here. Just because no one else can heal or do your inner work for you, doesn't mean you can, should, or need to do it alone. Everyone is their own person with a different perspective of the world. I will work from various approaches to make your journey one-of-a-kind and meaningful to you. I truly want anyone I work with to become the best version of themselves.
Welcome! Taking the first step is always difficult, and I am so glad you are here. Just because no one else can heal or do your inner work for you, doesn't mean you can, should, or need to do it alone. Everyone is their own person with a different perspective of the world. I will work from various approaches to make your journey one-of-a-kind and meaningful to you. I truly want anyone I work with to become the best version of themselves.
(484) 939-8828 View (484) 939-8828
Photo of Leslie Cogorno, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Leslie Cogorno
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Welcome to my page, my name is Leslie Cogorno, and I am a licensed Professional Counselor. Life can often be challenging, which leaves us fatigued, stressed, and overwhelmed. I desire to walk along with you and find coping skills to help you achieve overall wellness. In your journey towards well-being, I honor the uniqueness of each individual. My approach to counseling is one that is warm, accepting, and genuine. As a counselor, I use a trauma-informed approach to all my sessions with the goal of providing a safe space where you can unpack and heal from past wounds.
Welcome to my page, my name is Leslie Cogorno, and I am a licensed Professional Counselor. Life can often be challenging, which leaves us fatigued, stressed, and overwhelmed. I desire to walk along with you and find coping skills to help you achieve overall wellness. In your journey towards well-being, I honor the uniqueness of each individual. My approach to counseling is one that is warm, accepting, and genuine. As a counselor, I use a trauma-informed approach to all my sessions with the goal of providing a safe space where you can unpack and heal from past wounds.
(484) 613-2573 View (484) 613-2573
Photo of Rachel Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Rachel Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Rachel Taylor is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 13 years of experience who has worked in both the field of addictions and the field of mental health. She treats everyone with respect and sensitivity, working to empower adolescents, adults, and couples to address challenges and live their best life. Rachel specializes in stress, anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, relationships and communication, and self-esteem and motivation.
Rachel Taylor is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 13 years of experience who has worked in both the field of addictions and the field of mental health. She treats everyone with respect and sensitivity, working to empower adolescents, adults, and couples to address challenges and live their best life. Rachel specializes in stress, anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, relationships and communication, and self-esteem and motivation.
(484) 310-8449 View (484) 310-8449
Photo of Liz Alogna Psy. D., Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Liz Alogna Psy. D.
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
"The greatest task for any person is to find meaning in his or her own life" - Viktor Frankl - Welcome, I am Dr. Liz Alogna. In my practice, I have found particular success in my work with those experiencing anxiety, OCD, and eating related concerns. I believe I have a warm and unique therapeutic style that blends my training in psychodynamic therapy and the practical aspects of cognitive behavioral therapy.
"The greatest task for any person is to find meaning in his or her own life" - Viktor Frankl - Welcome, I am Dr. Liz Alogna. In my practice, I have found particular success in my work with those experiencing anxiety, OCD, and eating related concerns. I believe I have a warm and unique therapeutic style that blends my training in psychodynamic therapy and the practical aspects of cognitive behavioral therapy.
(484) 878-5143 View (484) 878-5143
Photo of Sharon Kozuch, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Sharon Kozuch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
You are seeking relief... from anxiety, life transitions, unresolved trauma, work or relationship struggles. My clients often come to me in distress, riddled with questions, searching for new approaches and coping skills. Perhaps you have tried different perspectives and some have worked but stresss and anxiety, doubt and questioning settle in again. Regardless of the reason, life brings with it obstacles and challenges that can feel like you are stuck.
You are seeking relief... from anxiety, life transitions, unresolved trauma, work or relationship struggles. My clients often come to me in distress, riddled with questions, searching for new approaches and coping skills. Perhaps you have tried different perspectives and some have worked but stresss and anxiety, doubt and questioning settle in again. Regardless of the reason, life brings with it obstacles and challenges that can feel like you are stuck.
(610) 421-9938 View (610) 421-9938
Photo of Rebecca Small, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Rebecca Small
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015  (Online Only)
Have you struggled the past few years with anxiety and depression? Are you looking to make positive changes in your life? Do your children struggle with behavioral challenges? If you can relate to any of these questions, now is a great time to consider therapy with the right therapist! Together, we will work as a team to identify the things in your life that aren't working and find ways to more peace and balance. I love to incorporate art, music, games, and clients’ interests into my sessions to create a relaxing and trusting environment.
Have you struggled the past few years with anxiety and depression? Are you looking to make positive changes in your life? Do your children struggle with behavioral challenges? If you can relate to any of these questions, now is a great time to consider therapy with the right therapist! Together, we will work as a team to identify the things in your life that aren't working and find ways to more peace and balance. I love to incorporate art, music, games, and clients’ interests into my sessions to create a relaxing and trusting environment.
(484) 494-2902 View (484) 494-2902
Photo of Kara A. Diefenderfer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Kara A. Diefenderfer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAADC, CCTP, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020  (Online Only)
So many of us struggle in life, but the worst part is, we struggle in silence. I’m here to listen to whatever part of your story you want to share, whether it’s your past, your present or everything in between. I hope through listening I can help guide you to what you already know within yourself, but might not be able to see right now. Wherever you are in your journey in life, I’d like to help you through the journey.
So many of us struggle in life, but the worst part is, we struggle in silence. I’m here to listen to whatever part of your story you want to share, whether it’s your past, your present or everything in between. I hope through listening I can help guide you to what you already know within yourself, but might not be able to see right now. Wherever you are in your journey in life, I’d like to help you through the journey.
(484) 241-4178 View (484) 241-4178
Photo of BTG Counseling & Educational Services, LLC., Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
BTG Counseling & Educational Services, LLC.
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018  (Online Only)
I believe that counseling is so much more than talking about your problems. It is truly a collaboration between the counselor and client. Together we create goals. Together we identify potential solutions. My personal mission is to build a safe, trusting and non-judgmental environment in which you are confident that the focus is you. When you enter into my space, be prepared to enter into an inviting educational environment where you can learn new skills to help you reach your fullest potential. I will not take for granted the power of listening. You deserve to share your story and to be heard.
I believe that counseling is so much more than talking about your problems. It is truly a collaboration between the counselor and client. Together we create goals. Together we identify potential solutions. My personal mission is to build a safe, trusting and non-judgmental environment in which you are confident that the focus is you. When you enter into my space, be prepared to enter into an inviting educational environment where you can learn new skills to help you reach your fullest potential. I will not take for granted the power of listening. You deserve to share your story and to be heard.
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Photo of Lehigh Valley Counselors and DOT-SAP, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Lehigh Valley Counselors and DOT-SAP
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ICAADC , DOT-SAP, CCTP, CCAMP
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Seeking mental health therapy for the first time can be daunting. Thanks to the media and cultural stigmas, many people are embarrassed or anxious to reach out for help. But asking for help isn’t a mark against someone’s character. Instead, it shows they’ve realized there’s an area in which they want to improve, and they know they’ll need some help to do so. It’s okay to ask for guidance along your self-improvement journey, and Lehigh Valley Counselors are here to help. Prioritizing your well-being is one of the best things you can do for yourself.
Seeking mental health therapy for the first time can be daunting. Thanks to the media and cultural stigmas, many people are embarrassed or anxious to reach out for help. But asking for help isn’t a mark against someone’s character. Instead, it shows they’ve realized there’s an area in which they want to improve, and they know they’ll need some help to do so. It’s okay to ask for guidance along your self-improvement journey, and Lehigh Valley Counselors are here to help. Prioritizing your well-being is one of the best things you can do for yourself.
(610) 596-4222 View (610) 596-4222
Photo of Adam Ziegler, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Adam Ziegler
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I approach everyone as the expert and historian of their life. We will collaborate and construct a roadmap to the goals you want to achieve in counseling. My Master's in Clinical and Counseling Psychology gives me the education in different therapeutic models and we can decide what would work best for you.
I approach everyone as the expert and historian of their life. We will collaborate and construct a roadmap to the goals you want to achieve in counseling. My Master's in Clinical and Counseling Psychology gives me the education in different therapeutic models and we can decide what would work best for you.
(610) 572-5661 View (610) 572-5661
Photo of Julie Colter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Julie Colter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hi, and welcome! Whether you are reaching out to find support in dealing with stress, anxiety, life transitions, or difficult relationships, I am here to help! I can offer a supportive, & non-judgmental space for us to explore the current presenting issues, and work through the root cause of more complex issues. Much of my work is defined by assisting clients in experiencing positive change in their lives, in whatever form that may look like. My goal in working with you is to assist in your healing journey, and provide the resources and tools needed to be your authentic self, and foster change.
Hi, and welcome! Whether you are reaching out to find support in dealing with stress, anxiety, life transitions, or difficult relationships, I am here to help! I can offer a supportive, & non-judgmental space for us to explore the current presenting issues, and work through the root cause of more complex issues. Much of my work is defined by assisting clients in experiencing positive change in their lives, in whatever form that may look like. My goal in working with you is to assist in your healing journey, and provide the resources and tools needed to be your authentic self, and foster change.
(484) 673-6622 View (484) 673-6622
Photo of Luisa Moreno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Luisa Moreno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing.
(484) 616-5199 View (484) 616-5199
Photo of Toni-Ann McErlean, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Toni-Ann McErlean
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
How did I get here? How do I get things back things back on track? Through counseling you will find the tools to challenge problematic behaviors and thoughts patterns and resolve them. I have skill and experience working with adolescents as young as 13 and adults. My main areas of clinical expertise include substance use, gambling addiction, anxiety, adjustment to life transitions, depression, bi-polar, self-esteem, relational issues, Borderline Personality Disorder, stress, imposter syndrome (career issues or phase of life issues), women’s issues, sexuality issues, coping skills, codependency and family conflict.
(610) 320-2366 x1 View (610) 320-2366 x1
Photo of Ulanda R. Davis, Pastoral Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Ulanda R. Davis
Pastoral Counselor, PhD, ND, CpastC, CPCT, HHSC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hi. I'm Dr. Ulanda Davis. I offer Professional and Pastoral Counseling and Coaching and Naturopathic Care. I have helped many people over the last 20 years or so to develop healthy habits, relationships, and spirituality. Having support that you can to trust and relate to is very important to your success. I am genuinely sensitive to these needs and concerns without judgment. I'll work with you and be a support throughout the journey to wholeness. I offer a holistic approach to mental, emotional and physical wellness.
Hi. I'm Dr. Ulanda Davis. I offer Professional and Pastoral Counseling and Coaching and Naturopathic Care. I have helped many people over the last 20 years or so to develop healthy habits, relationships, and spirituality. Having support that you can to trust and relate to is very important to your success. I am genuinely sensitive to these needs and concerns without judgment. I'll work with you and be a support throughout the journey to wholeness. I offer a holistic approach to mental, emotional and physical wellness.
(484) 626-5024 View (484) 626-5024
Photo of Yamilca Rosado Ziegler, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Yamilca Rosado Ziegler
Pre-Licensed Professional, MACC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Feeling lost, anxious, discouraged, or just looking for a change? You have found the right place. I strive to create a welcoming environment where individuals feel that they can be and explore their true selves. As a client, you should expect to have a collaborative relationship where you can find support and encouragement and experience individual growth. As humans, we are all similar and different in many ways, and I believe anyone can achieve mental wellness if given the right tools and provided a space where they feel heard.
Feeling lost, anxious, discouraged, or just looking for a change? You have found the right place. I strive to create a welcoming environment where individuals feel that they can be and explore their true selves. As a client, you should expect to have a collaborative relationship where you can find support and encouragement and experience individual growth. As humans, we are all similar and different in many ways, and I believe anyone can achieve mental wellness if given the right tools and provided a space where they feel heard.
(484) 562-4799 View (484) 562-4799
Photo of Sara Edwards, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Sara Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hello! I'm looking forward to meeting you. I am a therapist specializing in working with sexuality topics. Maybe you are looking for a therapist for a sexuality concern, sex therapy, sexual pain, trauma, or for transgender-affirming care. Maybe you just want to see someone who "gets it" and will be affirming of everything that makes you uniquely you. Whatever the reason, I am excited to accompany you on this wellness journey you're taking! I bring great enthusiasm to my therapy and I am looking forward to helping you achieve your life's passions. I have immediate openings, so we can get started soon without the wait.
Hello! I'm looking forward to meeting you. I am a therapist specializing in working with sexuality topics. Maybe you are looking for a therapist for a sexuality concern, sex therapy, sexual pain, trauma, or for transgender-affirming care. Maybe you just want to see someone who "gets it" and will be affirming of everything that makes you uniquely you. Whatever the reason, I am excited to accompany you on this wellness journey you're taking! I bring great enthusiasm to my therapy and I am looking forward to helping you achieve your life's passions. I have immediate openings, so we can get started soon without the wait.
(215) 688-5866 View (215) 688-5866
Photo of Tracy Walters, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Tracy Walters
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015
I believe in the power of connection. Psychologist and researcher Brene Brown says, “A deep sense of love and belonging is an irresistible need of all people. We are biologically, cognitively, physically, and spiritually wired to love, to be loved, and to belong. When those needs are not met, we don’t function as we were meant to. We break. We fall apart. We numb. We ache. We hurt others. We get sick”. Through the course of counseling, we will work together to identify, repair, and restore the areas of ‘disconnect’ in your life, so that you may once again reap the mental and physical benefits of this fundamental human need.
I believe in the power of connection. Psychologist and researcher Brene Brown says, “A deep sense of love and belonging is an irresistible need of all people. We are biologically, cognitively, physically, and spiritually wired to love, to be loved, and to belong. When those needs are not met, we don’t function as we were meant to. We break. We fall apart. We numb. We ache. We hurt others. We get sick”. Through the course of counseling, we will work together to identify, repair, and restore the areas of ‘disconnect’ in your life, so that you may once again reap the mental and physical benefits of this fundamental human need.
(484) 626-5451 View (484) 626-5451
Photo of Tara A Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Tara A Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
I feel that the bravest thing anyone can do is begin to understand their own story and as your therapist, I’m here to help. Let’s celebrate taking that first step in sorting out and making sense of your thoughts and feelings together. Sometimes our perception of therapy is stuffy, one-sided or that we cannot be our true selves during a session. I can assure you that’s not how our time together will be spent. You have my promise to feel heard, able to engage freely, be genuine, and feel relaxed in a nonjudgmental safe space to help you feel empowered enough to cope with whatever life throws you.
I feel that the bravest thing anyone can do is begin to understand their own story and as your therapist, I’m here to help. Let’s celebrate taking that first step in sorting out and making sense of your thoughts and feelings together. Sometimes our perception of therapy is stuffy, one-sided or that we cannot be our true selves during a session. I can assure you that’s not how our time together will be spent. You have my promise to feel heard, able to engage freely, be genuine, and feel relaxed in a nonjudgmental safe space to help you feel empowered enough to cope with whatever life throws you.
(484) 430-3149 View (484) 430-3149
Photo of Barbara Smith Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Barbara Smith Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Have you recently reached a point that you feel overwhelmed, sad, or stressed and want to make a change? Have you been experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship stressors? If you're seeking relief from suffering, improvement of coping skills, or support making a decision, therapy can help. If you are ready to make a change in your life, reach out and lets work together to help you reach your goals. Like most people, you may have tried many things on your own before reaching out to someone, reaching out for support often produces anxiety. I offer a warm, compassionate and welcoming environment.
Have you recently reached a point that you feel overwhelmed, sad, or stressed and want to make a change? Have you been experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship stressors? If you're seeking relief from suffering, improvement of coping skills, or support making a decision, therapy can help. If you are ready to make a change in your life, reach out and lets work together to help you reach your goals. Like most people, you may have tried many things on your own before reaching out to someone, reaching out for support often produces anxiety. I offer a warm, compassionate and welcoming environment.
(484) 660-1132 View (484) 660-1132

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bethlehem, PA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Highmark
75% Aetna
71% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Bethlehem, PA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethlehem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.