Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Marcela Rondani, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Marcela Rondani
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CEDS, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I believe that psychotherapy can be a tool to help someone to increase their self-awareness and promote healing and reparation to the life's pain and struggles. If you would like someone on your side to the new journey of rediscovering who you are and who you want to be, that is my goal. To provide support through this new path with the objective that life will unfold with more joy and happiness.
I believe that psychotherapy can be a tool to help someone to increase their self-awareness and promote healing and reparation to the life's pain and struggles. If you would like someone on your side to the new journey of rediscovering who you are and who you want to be, that is my goal. To provide support through this new path with the objective that life will unfold with more joy and happiness.
(310) 933-3406 View (310) 933-3406
Photo of Christina Grudzinski Nail, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Christina Grudzinski Nail
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Relationship and sex highly impact quality of life. You may be struggling with a variety of issues, such as low sexual desire, erectile dysfunction, orgasm difficulties, painful sex, communication, infidelity, and jealousy. At the heart of these issues there is often a struggle to feel connected to yourself and your partner. This often results in feeling insecure, frustrated, neglected, or confused about what you or your partner want and need in sex and relating. There is a science to love and sex with practical interventions.
Relationship and sex highly impact quality of life. You may be struggling with a variety of issues, such as low sexual desire, erectile dysfunction, orgasm difficulties, painful sex, communication, infidelity, and jealousy. At the heart of these issues there is often a struggle to feel connected to yourself and your partner. This often results in feeling insecure, frustrated, neglected, or confused about what you or your partner want and need in sex and relating. There is a science to love and sex with practical interventions.
(310) 317-7084 View (310) 317-7084
Photo of Sodah Minty, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Sodah Minty
Psychologist
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90095  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that the current framework of "mental illness" tells us that we are the problem. You are not the problem. While society encourages us to “fix” or “stop” painful emotional experiences, I hope to remove the expectation that we need “fixing” in order to thrive. I want to help you feel more connected, authentic and empowered in yourself and in your relationships. Together, we can incorporate and honor all of who you are (mind, body, spirit, community) and begin a healing journey that is centered on the foundation you want for your life and your future.
I believe that the current framework of "mental illness" tells us that we are the problem. You are not the problem. While society encourages us to “fix” or “stop” painful emotional experiences, I hope to remove the expectation that we need “fixing” in order to thrive. I want to help you feel more connected, authentic and empowered in yourself and in your relationships. Together, we can incorporate and honor all of who you are (mind, body, spirit, community) and begin a healing journey that is centered on the foundation you want for your life and your future.
(424) 374-0183 View (424) 374-0183
Photo of Amy E Kane, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Amy E Kane
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90066
People who enter therapy are the bravest people in the world. The only difference between you and everyone else is that they are choosing to suffer in silence (or not so much silence), and you have decided that you deserve better. You want more. You may have some obstacles in your way, but with a little help there will be better road up ahead. My job is to walk with you, sometimes offering tools that I have picked up along the way, sometimes just listening, always being present. Please click on my website link below for more about me and how I work.
People who enter therapy are the bravest people in the world. The only difference between you and everyone else is that they are choosing to suffer in silence (or not so much silence), and you have decided that you deserve better. You want more. You may have some obstacles in your way, but with a little help there will be better road up ahead. My job is to walk with you, sometimes offering tools that I have picked up along the way, sometimes just listening, always being present. Please click on my website link below for more about me and how I work.
(424) 271-6559 View (424) 271-6559
Photo of Max DeFrain, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Max DeFrain
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90064  (Online Only)
I understand firsthand how very distressing and threatening it feels to be disconnected from loved ones. In my work, I dive deep into the center of what drives clients apart, and I help to pull them together into a united team against their relational difficulties. I help my clients tap into the deep transformative power that their relationships have to offer as a means of healing inner wounds, providing safety, and giving confidence to tackle life’s challenges. I also work with men's issues, and I get why it may feel more comfortable for many men to talk to another man about tough emotional experiences.
I understand firsthand how very distressing and threatening it feels to be disconnected from loved ones. In my work, I dive deep into the center of what drives clients apart, and I help to pull them together into a united team against their relational difficulties. I help my clients tap into the deep transformative power that their relationships have to offer as a means of healing inner wounds, providing safety, and giving confidence to tackle life’s challenges. I also work with men's issues, and I get why it may feel more comfortable for many men to talk to another man about tough emotional experiences.
(818) 918-3986 View (818) 918-3986
Photo of Julia Grace Vishnepolsky, Counselor in Los Angeles, CA
Julia Grace Vishnepolsky
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90066  (Online Only)
Are you ready to wake up to your highest self and uncover the blockages that are getting in your way? In our sessions together, you will gain insight into issues going on in your life, and learn practical tools to manage emotions, relationships, and establish healthier patterns in your life. Common issues addressed are trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, addiction, body image, self esteem, stress management, life transitions, poor sleep, racing thoughts, codependency, interpersonal relationships, work/life balance, self care, and personal growth. Telehealth sessions or in person available.
Are you ready to wake up to your highest self and uncover the blockages that are getting in your way? In our sessions together, you will gain insight into issues going on in your life, and learn practical tools to manage emotions, relationships, and establish healthier patterns in your life. Common issues addressed are trauma, anxiety, depression, grief, addiction, body image, self esteem, stress management, life transitions, poor sleep, racing thoughts, codependency, interpersonal relationships, work/life balance, self care, and personal growth. Telehealth sessions or in person available.
(917) 935-4809 View (917) 935-4809
Photo of Megan Paterson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Megan Paterson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90034  (Online Only)
Every day I help individuals and couples move toward being their best selves and living their best lives. No matter where you’re starting, things can get better. I’m a divorced, co-parenting mom (of multiples!). Going through personal life challenges has given me the strength, passion, and resilience to help others. There is no cookie-cutter plan that works for every person, so my therapy style is adaptive, creative, and client-focused.
Every day I help individuals and couples move toward being their best selves and living their best lives. No matter where you’re starting, things can get better. I’m a divorced, co-parenting mom (of multiples!). Going through personal life challenges has given me the strength, passion, and resilience to help others. There is no cookie-cutter plan that works for every person, so my therapy style is adaptive, creative, and client-focused.
(310) 943-1324 View (310) 943-1324
Photo of Marie Velasco, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Marie Velasco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90043
Hi. My name is Marie Velasco and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of California. I work with adolescents and adults who are experiencing a variety of life stressors and work towards finding practical coping skills to help manage and reduce the symptoms they are experiencing. Empathy, acceptance, growth and safety are the cornerstones of my practice. I use a blended, integrative approach to therapy in order to address each person as an individual. Some of the theoretical approaches you'll find in my work are CBT, DBT, solution focused and mindfulness, to name a few.
Hi. My name is Marie Velasco and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of California. I work with adolescents and adults who are experiencing a variety of life stressors and work towards finding practical coping skills to help manage and reduce the symptoms they are experiencing. Empathy, acceptance, growth and safety are the cornerstones of my practice. I use a blended, integrative approach to therapy in order to address each person as an individual. Some of the theoretical approaches you'll find in my work are CBT, DBT, solution focused and mindfulness, to name a few.
(323) 471-0879 View (323) 471-0879
Photo of Sara Slayden, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Sara Slayden
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90066  (Online Only)
Feeling scared and ashamed of distressing thoughts, being stuck in repetitive behaviors that feel impossible to stop, avoidance of things that used to matter because of intense fear, frequent conflict with loved ones over fears being ‘real’ - these are all things that clients with OCD and Anxiety related disorders report. People who struggle with these issues express feeling stuck and afraid of their worst fears coming true while also trying to manage pressure from life obligations and loved ones.
Feeling scared and ashamed of distressing thoughts, being stuck in repetitive behaviors that feel impossible to stop, avoidance of things that used to matter because of intense fear, frequent conflict with loved ones over fears being ‘real’ - these are all things that clients with OCD and Anxiety related disorders report. People who struggle with these issues express feeling stuck and afraid of their worst fears coming true while also trying to manage pressure from life obligations and loved ones.
(310) 982-2237 View (310) 982-2237
Photo of Daisy Vergara, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Daisy Vergara
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Daisy I’m grateful to be a part of your life journey. I’m dedicated in creating positive change and helping you navigate growth. As humans, we experience adversities that are often too overwhelming. You don’t have to go through the pain alone.
Hi, my name is Daisy I’m grateful to be a part of your life journey. I’m dedicated in creating positive change and helping you navigate growth. As humans, we experience adversities that are often too overwhelming. You don’t have to go through the pain alone.
(562) 293-0136 View (562) 293-0136
Photo of Sorin Iarovici, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Sorin Iarovici
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90026
Therapy offers a confidential place of refuge where you can be seen and heard. Together we will explore how external pressures and feelings of self-blame, self-criticism, fear or sadness, as well as loss and past trauma, may be affecting your ability to move forward or express yourself in an authentic way. By devoting time and attention to understanding your unique story and the ways in which past relationships shape current ones, you can gain greater self-awareness and an understanding of how underlying feelings and thoughts are affecting your mood. In building a strong relationship I will help you work through core issues.
Therapy offers a confidential place of refuge where you can be seen and heard. Together we will explore how external pressures and feelings of self-blame, self-criticism, fear or sadness, as well as loss and past trauma, may be affecting your ability to move forward or express yourself in an authentic way. By devoting time and attention to understanding your unique story and the ways in which past relationships shape current ones, you can gain greater self-awareness and an understanding of how underlying feelings and thoughts are affecting your mood. In building a strong relationship I will help you work through core issues.
(323) 531-5168 View (323) 531-5168
Photo of Dina Bernat-Kunin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Dina Bernat-Kunin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90035
You look at your friends and wish you could feel like they do. You want confidence in making decisions, a positive outlook on life, and enough energy each day for family, friends, and the things you love. Why does it all feel so hard? I offer you the opportunity to travel this next part of your life journey together so you are not facing your challenges alone. I will support your innate strengths and gifts as well as guide you in how to let go of the heaviness that you carry that has weighed on you for so long. Imagine waking up each day with the feelings of clarity and hopefulness. This future is possible for you!
You look at your friends and wish you could feel like they do. You want confidence in making decisions, a positive outlook on life, and enough energy each day for family, friends, and the things you love. Why does it all feel so hard? I offer you the opportunity to travel this next part of your life journey together so you are not facing your challenges alone. I will support your innate strengths and gifts as well as guide you in how to let go of the heaviness that you carry that has weighed on you for so long. Imagine waking up each day with the feelings of clarity and hopefulness. This future is possible for you!
(323) 303-1084 View (323) 303-1084
Photo of Anna Governale, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Anna Governale
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Anna and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I received my Bachelor's degrees in Psychology and Religious studies from the University of Southern California, Santa Barbara, and my Master's degree in Clinical Psychology from Antioch University, here is Los Angeles. I have been licensed for the past 8 years, but have been practicing for the past 16 years.
Hello! My name is Anna and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I received my Bachelor's degrees in Psychology and Religious studies from the University of Southern California, Santa Barbara, and my Master's degree in Clinical Psychology from Antioch University, here is Los Angeles. I have been licensed for the past 8 years, but have been practicing for the past 16 years.
(562) 608-1543 View (562) 608-1543
Photo of Conquer Recovery Center, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Conquer Recovery Center
Psychologist
Not Verified Not Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
We know how hard it can be to start with rehab. As challenging as the entire process can be, perhaps the most difficult part is the first one: that first phone call, that first moment of reaching out. When you’re ready, we’ll be here to help.
We know how hard it can be to start with rehab. As challenging as the entire process can be, perhaps the most difficult part is the first one: that first phone call, that first moment of reaching out. When you’re ready, we’ll be here to help.
(323) 677-2495 View (323) 677-2495
Photo of Aurisha Smolarski, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Aurisha Smolarski
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90027
You can and will thrive in your relationships, creativity and career. I help individuals, couples and co-parents navigate and heal from the complexities and messiness life brings. Couples Therapy: Develop more effective communication and conflict resolution; increase intimacy, trust, and care; learn to navigate transitions and life stressors as a team. Co-Parenting: I will help you get from conflict to cooperation and become a successful co-parenting team so your kids can thrive. Individual Therapy: Release negative patterns and fears; resolve trauma, anxiety, and old issues that are holding you back. You are not alone.
You can and will thrive in your relationships, creativity and career. I help individuals, couples and co-parents navigate and heal from the complexities and messiness life brings. Couples Therapy: Develop more effective communication and conflict resolution; increase intimacy, trust, and care; learn to navigate transitions and life stressors as a team. Co-Parenting: I will help you get from conflict to cooperation and become a successful co-parenting team so your kids can thrive. Individual Therapy: Release negative patterns and fears; resolve trauma, anxiety, and old issues that are holding you back. You are not alone.
(323) 378-3052 View (323) 378-3052
Photo of Kyoungjun Kim, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Kyoungjun Kim
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90006
Hello, I am a psychologist who studied Christian Counseling and earned a Clinical Psychology Ph.D. As an ordained pastor with a strong background in neuroscience, I integrate spirituality into evidence-based psychotherapy practices like cognitive behavioral therapy. I am confident I can help you all as I am readily experienced with clients dealing with addictions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, etc.
Hello, I am a psychologist who studied Christian Counseling and earned a Clinical Psychology Ph.D. As an ordained pastor with a strong background in neuroscience, I integrate spirituality into evidence-based psychotherapy practices like cognitive behavioral therapy. I am confident I can help you all as I am readily experienced with clients dealing with addictions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, etc.
(323) 282-7360 View (323) 282-7360
Photo of Marcos Andrade, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Marcos Andrade
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90064
What's holding you back from starting your journey towards a brighter, more fulfilling life? I'm all about embracing authenticity and diving into your experiences and future aspirations. My approach is sincere and down-to-earth, bringing warmth, genuineness, and inclusivity into our therapy sessions together. I believe that therapy is a team effort where your needs and goals are what matter most. Clients like you can feel comfortable knowing I'm here to help you with compassion, creating a space where you can truly be yourself. I work with children, teens, adults, couples, and families. ¡Hablo español!
What's holding you back from starting your journey towards a brighter, more fulfilling life? I'm all about embracing authenticity and diving into your experiences and future aspirations. My approach is sincere and down-to-earth, bringing warmth, genuineness, and inclusivity into our therapy sessions together. I believe that therapy is a team effort where your needs and goals are what matter most. Clients like you can feel comfortable knowing I'm here to help you with compassion, creating a space where you can truly be yourself. I work with children, teens, adults, couples, and families. ¡Hablo español!
(310) 907-9456 View (310) 907-9456
Photo of Andy Dean, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Andy Dean
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP-CN
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Do you suspect that you have ADHD? Do you or a loved one have problems with memory or thinking as a result of an injury or medical condition? I conduct psychological and neuropsychological evaluations to investigate these issues. I am a board-certified clinical neuropsychologist (ABPP-CN) who has been conducting neuropsychological evaluations for over 15 years. The purpose of the evaluation is to provide proper diagnosis and individually-tailored treatment recommendations.
Do you suspect that you have ADHD? Do you or a loved one have problems with memory or thinking as a result of an injury or medical condition? I conduct psychological and neuropsychological evaluations to investigate these issues. I am a board-certified clinical neuropsychologist (ABPP-CN) who has been conducting neuropsychological evaluations for over 15 years. The purpose of the evaluation is to provide proper diagnosis and individually-tailored treatment recommendations.
(424) 232-0717 View (424) 232-0717
Photo of Megan Stanley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Megan Stanley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90016  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself trying to make everyone around you happy, even if that means you go unseen? You worry people won’t like you if you don’t get everything just right and even still you never feel appreciated for everything you do. And when someone does recognize your efforts? You hide from the spotlight, protesting that it wasn’t a big deal anyway. Everytime you put the work in or try something new, that nagging voice says “not good enough, try harder”, so you stay in your comfort zone. Turns out, the comfort zone isn’t very comfortable. Other people say you seem so put together, but when you look around, all you see is failure.
Do you find yourself trying to make everyone around you happy, even if that means you go unseen? You worry people won’t like you if you don’t get everything just right and even still you never feel appreciated for everything you do. And when someone does recognize your efforts? You hide from the spotlight, protesting that it wasn’t a big deal anyway. Everytime you put the work in or try something new, that nagging voice says “not good enough, try harder”, so you stay in your comfort zone. Turns out, the comfort zone isn’t very comfortable. Other people say you seem so put together, but when you look around, all you see is failure.
(424) 370-1749 View (424) 370-1749
Photo of Catherine Meyers, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Catherine Meyers
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90004
Do you feel like you are at a crossroads and wondering "where do I go from here?" It can be daunting to explore the places that scare you but deciding to do so is often the road to liberation. I work with individuals and couples who are stuck and looking for a way forward. Relationships, both with ourselves and with others, can be complex and we often become complacent and used to "the way things are." If you are here, you probably have a sense that something needs to change. I encourage you to trust yourself and give me call. I offer a free phone consultation.
Do you feel like you are at a crossroads and wondering "where do I go from here?" It can be daunting to explore the places that scare you but deciding to do so is often the road to liberation. I work with individuals and couples who are stuck and looking for a way forward. Relationships, both with ourselves and with others, can be complex and we often become complacent and used to "the way things are." If you are here, you probably have a sense that something needs to change. I encourage you to trust yourself and give me call. I offer a free phone consultation.
(213) 221-6718 View (213) 221-6718

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Self Esteem
72% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
63% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.