Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Mariana Barajas, Counselor in Los Angeles, CA
Mariana Barajas
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90024  (Online Only)
I am a first-generation Mexican-American with an intuitive calling to work with women of color who are going through life transitions. I use an eclectic approach with each client and acknowledge that everyone's life story is unique with different needs. My focus is on building healing therapeutic relationships that create a safe space for self-expression, inside and outside the therapy room. I will walk beside you with cultural humility while you lead the discovery—you are the expert of your life.
I am a first-generation Mexican-American with an intuitive calling to work with women of color who are going through life transitions. I use an eclectic approach with each client and acknowledge that everyone's life story is unique with different needs. My focus is on building healing therapeutic relationships that create a safe space for self-expression, inside and outside the therapy room. I will walk beside you with cultural humility while you lead the discovery—you are the expert of your life.
(310) 361-1064 View (310) 361-1064
Photo of Vindia G. Fernandez, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Vindia G. Fernandez
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Is your child having unexpected difficulties learning new skills? Are concentration problems preventing them from getting the most out of their education? Neuropsychological testing, diagnosis, and treatment planning can provide the answers you need to help your child thrive. Rule out childhood disorders, including learning disabilities and ADHD. Identify your child's cognitive strengths and weaknesses using evidence-based practices. Document the need for accommodations on high-stake exams and in the classroom. Together we will create an individualized roadmap to help your child achieve success and well-being.
Is your child having unexpected difficulties learning new skills? Are concentration problems preventing them from getting the most out of their education? Neuropsychological testing, diagnosis, and treatment planning can provide the answers you need to help your child thrive. Rule out childhood disorders, including learning disabilities and ADHD. Identify your child's cognitive strengths and weaknesses using evidence-based practices. Document the need for accommodations on high-stake exams and in the classroom. Together we will create an individualized roadmap to help your child achieve success and well-being.
(424) 396-1720 View (424) 396-1720
Photo of Ranique Hopkins, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Ranique Hopkins
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90064  (Online Only)
Both nurturing yet direct, Ranique teaches her clients practical tools that lead to their empowerment, growth, and healing. By creating a safe, non-judgmental, open, and secure space, clients can sort out their vulnerabilities and move toward their desired outcomes, goals, and desires. Ranique is passionate about providing mental health services that are tailored to individuals’ preferences and personal needs. Ranique believes that emotional well-being is just as important as the air we all breathe.
Both nurturing yet direct, Ranique teaches her clients practical tools that lead to their empowerment, growth, and healing. By creating a safe, non-judgmental, open, and secure space, clients can sort out their vulnerabilities and move toward their desired outcomes, goals, and desires. Ranique is passionate about providing mental health services that are tailored to individuals’ preferences and personal needs. Ranique believes that emotional well-being is just as important as the air we all breathe.
(310) 496-3412 View (310) 496-3412
Photo of Charlotte Wickham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Charlotte Wickham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025  (Online Only)
My interest in the practice of psychotherapy is founded in the idea that all people want to be the best version of themselves and are capable of achieving that-- whatever that may mean to them. I want to help individuals cope with the challenges that can interfere with achieving their goals and what they want for their lives. All humans struggle and fall short of their own ideals at times, including myself, and I believe learning to successfully cope through these moments of difficulty can lead to a more fulfilling life and an ability to thrive more completely during moments of success.
My interest in the practice of psychotherapy is founded in the idea that all people want to be the best version of themselves and are capable of achieving that-- whatever that may mean to them. I want to help individuals cope with the challenges that can interfere with achieving their goals and what they want for their lives. All humans struggle and fall short of their own ideals at times, including myself, and I believe learning to successfully cope through these moments of difficulty can lead to a more fulfilling life and an ability to thrive more completely during moments of success.
(818) 975-3095 View (818) 975-3095
Photo of Valerie Reich, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Valerie Reich
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Now Accepting New Clients! Do any of the following resonate with you? ​You feel lost in life. You've noticed the sparks are gone from your relationships. Your confidence is feeling lower than you'd like it to be. You're burnt out from working too much. You feel like something is missing from your life. You're used to doing so much but are losing motivation. You're laughing and smiling less on a regular basis. If any of these resonate with you, I'm here to help. My goal is to provide a safe and shame-free space for you to express yourself freely as we work on solutions and desired outcomes for anything you may be facing.
Now Accepting New Clients! Do any of the following resonate with you? ​You feel lost in life. You've noticed the sparks are gone from your relationships. Your confidence is feeling lower than you'd like it to be. You're burnt out from working too much. You feel like something is missing from your life. You're used to doing so much but are losing motivation. You're laughing and smiling less on a regular basis. If any of these resonate with you, I'm here to help. My goal is to provide a safe and shame-free space for you to express yourself freely as we work on solutions and desired outcomes for anything you may be facing.
(747) 269-6629 View (747) 269-6629
Photo of Marissa Burgoyne, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Marissa Burgoyne
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90045  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a clinical psychologist, my work centers on providing clients struggling with life stressors and mental health symptoms culturally-responsive, scientifically sound treatment focused on improving coping, skills and promoting positive change. I create a warm, supportive, judgement-free environment in which patients can feel safe and thrive. Using clinically proven techniques grounded in science, my clients and I work as a collaborative team to build the cognitive and behavioral skills they need to flourish.
As a clinical psychologist, my work centers on providing clients struggling with life stressors and mental health symptoms culturally-responsive, scientifically sound treatment focused on improving coping, skills and promoting positive change. I create a warm, supportive, judgement-free environment in which patients can feel safe and thrive. Using clinically proven techniques grounded in science, my clients and I work as a collaborative team to build the cognitive and behavioral skills they need to flourish.
(510) 930-3203 View (510) 930-3203
Photo of Rosanne Zapp, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Rosanne Zapp
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90048  (Online Only)
As a clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience, Dr. Zapp works with adults who experience various concerns, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, family, relationship, and parenting difficulties, work issues, grief and loss, medical concerns, or feeling overwhelmed with daily demands. Through a supportive and empathic approach, she works collaboratively with clients to help develop more positive coping strategies, set appropriate boundaries, and establish healthy self-care behaviors.
As a clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience, Dr. Zapp works with adults who experience various concerns, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, family, relationship, and parenting difficulties, work issues, grief and loss, medical concerns, or feeling overwhelmed with daily demands. Through a supportive and empathic approach, she works collaboratively with clients to help develop more positive coping strategies, set appropriate boundaries, and establish healthy self-care behaviors.
(323) 772-5035 View (323) 772-5035
Photo of Sonnie Hamner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Sonnie Hamner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with particular expertise in trauma. With years of experience in the field, I am dedicated to supporting and empowering individuals, couples, and families as they navigate through the intricate tapestry of life. Throughout my career, I've developed a deep understanding and cultural competence in working with first responders and veterans, acknowledging the unique challenges and experiences they face. I've found immense fulfillment in assisting these courageous individuals as they explore their narratives, heal from their past, and cultivate resilience for their future.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with particular expertise in trauma. With years of experience in the field, I am dedicated to supporting and empowering individuals, couples, and families as they navigate through the intricate tapestry of life. Throughout my career, I've developed a deep understanding and cultural competence in working with first responders and veterans, acknowledging the unique challenges and experiences they face. I've found immense fulfillment in assisting these courageous individuals as they explore their narratives, heal from their past, and cultivate resilience for their future.
(562) 784-5971 View (562) 784-5971
Photo of Carol Granville, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Carol Granville
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90048
During the global pandemic life as we know it has changed creating many new challenges. Sometimes, we face personal issues that are too difficult to deal with on our own. In therapy, I will help identify your struggles, uncover your strengths and give you the tools you need to heal, feel empowered and be happier. Therapy is a place where you can learn how to thrive in life! I am here to listen and to help you work towards your recovery, or personal growth, in a genuine and supportive setting.
During the global pandemic life as we know it has changed creating many new challenges. Sometimes, we face personal issues that are too difficult to deal with on our own. In therapy, I will help identify your struggles, uncover your strengths and give you the tools you need to heal, feel empowered and be happier. Therapy is a place where you can learn how to thrive in life! I am here to listen and to help you work towards your recovery, or personal growth, in a genuine and supportive setting.
(310) 846-8207 View (310) 846-8207
Photo of Soua L Moua, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Soua L Moua
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90012  (Online Only)
Are you looking to make positive changes in your life? As a licensed therapist with over 15 years of experience, I can help you achieve your goals. My expertise lies in working with children, couples, parenting, domestic violence, behavioral problems, anxiety, depression, trauma, and personality disorders. I am licensed to practice in both California and Oregon, and I use a variety of evidence-based modalities, including, CBT, DBT and Interpersonal Psychotherapy.
Are you looking to make positive changes in your life? As a licensed therapist with over 15 years of experience, I can help you achieve your goals. My expertise lies in working with children, couples, parenting, domestic violence, behavioral problems, anxiety, depression, trauma, and personality disorders. I am licensed to practice in both California and Oregon, and I use a variety of evidence-based modalities, including, CBT, DBT and Interpersonal Psychotherapy.
(323) 530-1449 View (323) 530-1449
Photo of Alexandra Spigelman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Alexandra Spigelman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90049  (Online Only)
Life today can be overwhelming, chaotic and confusing. The demands and pressures of everyday life can cause anxiety, self-doubt and sadness, which prevents you from living life to its fullest. Often, we repeat the same patterns we have learned from childhood. These feelings can cause distress and can impact our functioning as well as impair our relationships with ourselves and others.
Life today can be overwhelming, chaotic and confusing. The demands and pressures of everyday life can cause anxiety, self-doubt and sadness, which prevents you from living life to its fullest. Often, we repeat the same patterns we have learned from childhood. These feelings can cause distress and can impact our functioning as well as impair our relationships with ourselves and others.
(323) 784-1236 View (323) 784-1236
Photo of DeMonta Whiting, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
DeMonta Whiting
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
The majority of my clientele are insightful, high-achieving professionals who have excelled in their careers but have come to a place in their lives where they now feel stuck. They know that the skills they have used to get them where they are in life, are not enough to get them to where they want to be. Maybe they are excellent in their professional lives but want to improve their relationships with their loved ones. Perhaps they work great alone but have difficulty sharing the load with others.
The majority of my clientele are insightful, high-achieving professionals who have excelled in their careers but have come to a place in their lives where they now feel stuck. They know that the skills they have used to get them where they are in life, are not enough to get them to where they want to be. Maybe they are excellent in their professional lives but want to improve their relationships with their loved ones. Perhaps they work great alone but have difficulty sharing the load with others.
(310) 504-7617 View (310) 504-7617
Photo of Anabell Galindo-Guerrero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Anabell Galindo-Guerrero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90003
Hello, my name is Anabell Galindo-Guerrero. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in working with adults to overcome difficult feelings. Experience in assisting clients process their feelings with new and existing physical conditions, depression, stress, and anxiety. By creating a safe, client-centric space to express existing emotions I work with clients to heal and manage their feelings.
Hello, my name is Anabell Galindo-Guerrero. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in working with adults to overcome difficult feelings. Experience in assisting clients process their feelings with new and existing physical conditions, depression, stress, and anxiety. By creating a safe, client-centric space to express existing emotions I work with clients to heal and manage their feelings.
(323) 784-1774 View (323) 784-1774
Photo of Loren M. Hill, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Loren M. Hill
Psychologist, PhD, CAS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90008
Are you wondering… Why your child doesn’t talk much or seems to be quiet all the time? Why your child likes to be alone or has a hard time with friendships? Why your child does the same thing over and over again? Why your child insists on sticking to routines? If you have considered these questions, I have answers. As a Certified Autism Specialist (CAS), I have specific expertise in evaluation of neurodevelopmental disorders including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Disabilities (ID).
Are you wondering… Why your child doesn’t talk much or seems to be quiet all the time? Why your child likes to be alone or has a hard time with friendships? Why your child does the same thing over and over again? Why your child insists on sticking to routines? If you have considered these questions, I have answers. As a Certified Autism Specialist (CAS), I have specific expertise in evaluation of neurodevelopmental disorders including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Disabilities (ID).
(323) 825-6273 View (323) 825-6273
Photo of Davante L Jennings, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Davante L Jennings
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90069
Integrating a solutions-oriented approach, behavioral therapy, and empathy, I work with clients to create a challenging yet empowering vortex for change. In my work, one size does not fit all so creating a strong therapeutic alliance is of utmost importance. I aim to walk alongside you in the path towards finding, empowering, and affirming oneself, time and time again.
Integrating a solutions-oriented approach, behavioral therapy, and empathy, I work with clients to create a challenging yet empowering vortex for change. In my work, one size does not fit all so creating a strong therapeutic alliance is of utmost importance. I aim to walk alongside you in the path towards finding, empowering, and affirming oneself, time and time again.
(323) 973-2469 View (323) 973-2469
Photo of Dr. Mollie Rothseid, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Los Angeles, CA
Dr. Mollie Rothseid
Associate Clinical Social Worker, PhD, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90064
We all have times in life where we find ourselves presented us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. As a gerontologist and clinical social worker, I specialize in working with dementia, Alzheimer's, grief, chronic illness, and the complexities of aging. I warmly welcome individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Whether you're a parent with a child dealing with school-related stress, an adult navigating life's transitions, or an older adult coping with the intricacies of aging, I'm here to provide a safe and welcoming environment where your experiences are valued with compassion and acceptance.
We all have times in life where we find ourselves presented us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. As a gerontologist and clinical social worker, I specialize in working with dementia, Alzheimer's, grief, chronic illness, and the complexities of aging. I warmly welcome individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Whether you're a parent with a child dealing with school-related stress, an adult navigating life's transitions, or an older adult coping with the intricacies of aging, I'm here to provide a safe and welcoming environment where your experiences are valued with compassion and acceptance.
(310) 504-6953 View (310) 504-6953
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90029
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of east side therapists at Silver Lake Psychology with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of east side therapists at Silver Lake Psychology with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(310) 341-0323 View (310) 341-0323
Photo of Dr. Ekta Kumar, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Dr. Ekta Kumar
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90017  (Online Only)
It can be difficult to reach out for mental health support. It can be even more difficult to find a therapist who is a good fit. I recognize this difficulty, and my goal is to make the therapeutic process as supportive and affirming for you as possible. I'm passionate about working with clients from diverse and marginalized backgrounds, especially individuals from LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC communities. I am a licensed clinical psychologist (Psy.D.), and I specialize in multicultural psychology. I am trained in providing evidence-based treatment for anxiety, depression, mood changes, and other mental health difficulties.
It can be difficult to reach out for mental health support. It can be even more difficult to find a therapist who is a good fit. I recognize this difficulty, and my goal is to make the therapeutic process as supportive and affirming for you as possible. I'm passionate about working with clients from diverse and marginalized backgrounds, especially individuals from LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC communities. I am a licensed clinical psychologist (Psy.D.), and I specialize in multicultural psychology. I am trained in providing evidence-based treatment for anxiety, depression, mood changes, and other mental health difficulties.
(626) 716-9374 View (626) 716-9374
Photo of Psychological Assessment Services, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Psychological Assessment Services
Psychologist, PsyD, QME
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
With over 20 years experience providing comprehensive psychological assessments, Psychological Assessment Services specializes in assessing cognitive functioning and identifying Dyslexia, learning disabilities as well as attention and concentration difficulties (ADHD) that may result in behavioral or social issues. We provide testing accommodations where appropriate. We also perform pre-adoption evaluations, competency evaluations and pre-surgical evaluations including for surrogate and egg donor/sperm donors. We can provide expert court testimony, return to work, fitness for duty and workers comp evaluations.
With over 20 years experience providing comprehensive psychological assessments, Psychological Assessment Services specializes in assessing cognitive functioning and identifying Dyslexia, learning disabilities as well as attention and concentration difficulties (ADHD) that may result in behavioral or social issues. We provide testing accommodations where appropriate. We also perform pre-adoption evaluations, competency evaluations and pre-surgical evaluations including for surrogate and egg donor/sperm donors. We can provide expert court testimony, return to work, fitness for duty and workers comp evaluations.
(310) 734-0306 View (310) 734-0306
Photo of Martin Cohen, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Martin Cohen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Personal crises can be difficult but they can also present opportunities for growth and change. This may not seem possible when you are in the middle of one. The path to getting back on track is challenging but can be rewarding. Therapy is hard work but the benefits are well worth the effort. Your crisis may be the catalyst, psychotherapy the vehicle, and the therapist your guide. My mission is to promote, inspire, and support healing and self-actualization; my goal is your personal transformation.
Personal crises can be difficult but they can also present opportunities for growth and change. This may not seem possible when you are in the middle of one. The path to getting back on track is challenging but can be rewarding. Therapy is hard work but the benefits are well worth the effort. Your crisis may be the catalyst, psychotherapy the vehicle, and the therapist your guide. My mission is to promote, inspire, and support healing and self-actualization; my goal is your personal transformation.
(424) 254-1445 View (424) 254-1445

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
63% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.