Therapists in Irvine, CA

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Photo of David Steven Shapiro, Psychologist in Irvine, CA
David Steven Shapiro
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
Are you unsatisfied with one or more areas of your life? I partner with my clients to empower them to make the changes necessary to bring their realities in line with the lives they truly want. In this way, I collaborate with each individual, couple, and family with whom I work to craft their own individualized success plans. To accomplish this, I draw upon years of experience, as well as a very strong foundation of training in a range of techniques and strategies. Perhaps equally important are the personal qualities that I bring, which include intelligence, genuineness, compassion, and a commitment to the highest standards.
Are you unsatisfied with one or more areas of your life? I partner with my clients to empower them to make the changes necessary to bring their realities in line with the lives they truly want. In this way, I collaborate with each individual, couple, and family with whom I work to craft their own individualized success plans. To accomplish this, I draw upon years of experience, as well as a very strong foundation of training in a range of techniques and strategies. Perhaps equally important are the personal qualities that I bring, which include intelligence, genuineness, compassion, and a commitment to the highest standards.
(949) 749-6519 View (949) 749-6519
Photo of Lannie Lee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Lannie Lee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92602  (Online Only)
Who you are: a millennial individual (or couple!) and finally ready to explore therapy. I help you articulate what’s at the root of your concerns: What's important to you? What do you value? How is your life currently aligned with those values and what is getting in the way? I help you better understand yourself, your needs, and how to get those needs met. It is important to me that the space we create is compassionate, curious, reflective, and interactive. Common issues that I work on in therapy include life transitions, managing stress/anxiety, building your sense of Self, relationship concerns, and improving communication.
Who you are: a millennial individual (or couple!) and finally ready to explore therapy. I help you articulate what’s at the root of your concerns: What's important to you? What do you value? How is your life currently aligned with those values and what is getting in the way? I help you better understand yourself, your needs, and how to get those needs met. It is important to me that the space we create is compassionate, curious, reflective, and interactive. Common issues that I work on in therapy include life transitions, managing stress/anxiety, building your sense of Self, relationship concerns, and improving communication.
(213) 348-7421 View (213) 348-7421
Photo of Hannah Williams, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Hannah Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, JD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
Helping you journey toward self-discovery, personal growth, and true happiness is something I feel deeply passionate about. I believe that we are all self-healers and that change is always possible. There are times when life's challenges can be so overwhelming that it consumes every part of us, affecting our productivity, how we see ourselves, and how we connect to others. I am dedicated to helping my clients discover their own inner strengths and resources, gain new insights and develop new skills that can be utilized to overcome any issues or challenges and help restore confidence, peace and fulfillment in your life.
Helping you journey toward self-discovery, personal growth, and true happiness is something I feel deeply passionate about. I believe that we are all self-healers and that change is always possible. There are times when life's challenges can be so overwhelming that it consumes every part of us, affecting our productivity, how we see ourselves, and how we connect to others. I am dedicated to helping my clients discover their own inner strengths and resources, gain new insights and develop new skills that can be utilized to overcome any issues or challenges and help restore confidence, peace and fulfillment in your life.
(657) 239-3538 View (657) 239-3538
Photo of Vicki McDonald, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Vicki McDonald
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92614  (Online Only)
Welcome. I am here to help you heal and grow in a safe, non judgmental environment. I work with people who struggle with Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Trauma. I practice using personalized and evidence-based approaches. My unique style includes elements from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I have advanced training from the Beck Institute for CBT as well as advanced certifications from the EMDR International Association.
Welcome. I am here to help you heal and grow in a safe, non judgmental environment. I work with people who struggle with Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Trauma. I practice using personalized and evidence-based approaches. My unique style includes elements from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I have advanced training from the Beck Institute for CBT as well as advanced certifications from the EMDR International Association.
(949) 710-5771 View (949) 710-5771
Photo of Jhoana Sarabia Maldonado, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irvine, CA
Jhoana Sarabia Maldonado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612  (Online Only)
I specialize in helping people address depression, anxiety, panic attacks, relationship, and communication issues, professional and academic burnout, life transitions, and Queer/LGBTQ+ issues. I strive to create a judgment-free environment for all patients where they feel validated. My experience includes working with adults who identify as BIPOC/Latine as well as with adults who recently immigrated to the U.S. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Problem-solving Solving Therapy (PST). I also have training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
I specialize in helping people address depression, anxiety, panic attacks, relationship, and communication issues, professional and academic burnout, life transitions, and Queer/LGBTQ+ issues. I strive to create a judgment-free environment for all patients where they feel validated. My experience includes working with adults who identify as BIPOC/Latine as well as with adults who recently immigrated to the U.S. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Problem-solving Solving Therapy (PST). I also have training in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
(949) 991-5350 View (949) 991-5350
Photo of Leah Bloom, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Leah Bloom
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92618
Because therapy is such a personal process, I believe that the most important element in choosing someone is the degree of fit between you and your therapist. My training at Northwestern (grad and post-grad) emphasized that we must approach each client with a customized toolkit of interventions and styles to unlock their unique needs for change. I have been practicing for fifteen years, which brings a level of experience, balanced with a sense of ease. I am licensed in both California and Illinois.
Because therapy is such a personal process, I believe that the most important element in choosing someone is the degree of fit between you and your therapist. My training at Northwestern (grad and post-grad) emphasized that we must approach each client with a customized toolkit of interventions and styles to unlock their unique needs for change. I have been practicing for fifteen years, which brings a level of experience, balanced with a sense of ease. I am licensed in both California and Illinois.
(949) 619-6378 View (949) 619-6378
Photo of Rachel Pasternak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irvine, CA
Rachel Pasternak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92618
An adamant believer of the therapeutic mantra to “start where the client is,” I see therapy as a validating and safe space. I have an in-depth understanding of the way that psychosocial factors effect an individual's overall health and wellness. In my practice, I work collaboratively with clients to understand their therapy goals and join with them as they progress towards positive and meaningful change.
An adamant believer of the therapeutic mantra to “start where the client is,” I see therapy as a validating and safe space. I have an in-depth understanding of the way that psychosocial factors effect an individual's overall health and wellness. In my practice, I work collaboratively with clients to understand their therapy goals and join with them as they progress towards positive and meaningful change.
(949) 751-1643 View (949) 751-1643
Photo of Banafsheh Bita Khamooshian, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Irvine, CA
Banafsheh Bita Khamooshian
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvine, CA 92614
CURRENTLY OPEN TO NEW CLIENTS AND PROVIDING TELE-HEALTH SERVICES(zoom & phone). My goal is to provide holistic care to individuals, couples and family to help them manage emotional, and mental concerns so they can live meaningful lives. My core values are ; empathy, compassion , honest, cultural awareness and understanding , respect and improve my ability to serve clients. clients are individuals and families who are struggling with mental and relational issues. The ability to provide culturally responsive services makes me unique. I can approach client's issues from different cultural angles , theories and perspectives.
CURRENTLY OPEN TO NEW CLIENTS AND PROVIDING TELE-HEALTH SERVICES(zoom & phone). My goal is to provide holistic care to individuals, couples and family to help them manage emotional, and mental concerns so they can live meaningful lives. My core values are ; empathy, compassion , honest, cultural awareness and understanding , respect and improve my ability to serve clients. clients are individuals and families who are struggling with mental and relational issues. The ability to provide culturally responsive services makes me unique. I can approach client's issues from different cultural angles , theories and perspectives.
(714) 924-3730 View (714) 924-3730
Photo of Lan Wang, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Lan Wang
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
When you are depressed or anxious, you feel like life is passing you by and you are powerless to grab it, not to mention be on top of and enjoy it. My passion is to help people deal with their emotional pain caused by various kinds of issues, including family of origin, interpersonal problems, low self-esteem, loss of loved ones, trauma, life transitions and etc. In general, I aim to help my clients improve their mood, feel empowered to handle difficult situations in life, and thrive in relationships.
When you are depressed or anxious, you feel like life is passing you by and you are powerless to grab it, not to mention be on top of and enjoy it. My passion is to help people deal with their emotional pain caused by various kinds of issues, including family of origin, interpersonal problems, low self-esteem, loss of loved ones, trauma, life transitions and etc. In general, I aim to help my clients improve their mood, feel empowered to handle difficult situations in life, and thrive in relationships.
(949) 313-2738 View (949) 313-2738
Photo of David Whitsett, Psychologist in Irvine, CA
David Whitsett
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
Not accepting new clients
Life can be really hard sometimes, whether you are a college student feeling overwhelmed or a parent watching a child struggle. If you or your child/adolescent is regularly experiencing overwhelming feelings of worry, anxiety, panic, sadness (or all of the above!) and feel stuck in them, I can help. I specialize in therapy that brings an enduring sense of calm and confidence, frees us to focus on what really matters in life, and is grounded in the latest science. I am often described as a supportive, warm, and relatable clinician who gives freedom for authenticity, humor and exploration.
Life can be really hard sometimes, whether you are a college student feeling overwhelmed or a parent watching a child struggle. If you or your child/adolescent is regularly experiencing overwhelming feelings of worry, anxiety, panic, sadness (or all of the above!) and feel stuck in them, I can help. I specialize in therapy that brings an enduring sense of calm and confidence, frees us to focus on what really matters in life, and is grounded in the latest science. I am often described as a supportive, warm, and relatable clinician who gives freedom for authenticity, humor and exploration.
(949) 519-4328 View (949) 519-4328
Photo of Gregory Bendau, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Irvine, CA
Gregory Bendau
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92606
Do you struggle with feelings of anxiety, depression, guilt, or low self-esteem? Do you find yourself avoiding social engagements or so preoccupied with excessive worrying? Finding ways to navigate these difficult feelings can help you get back on track. I use a psychodynamic approach and CBT that focuses on uncovering patterns of behavior and ways of relating to ourselves and others that are often outside of our awareness. I also consider how our past impacts who we are today. Through acceptance and empathy, we will establish a trusting therapeutic relationship and work together toward your personal growth and self-discovery.
Do you struggle with feelings of anxiety, depression, guilt, or low self-esteem? Do you find yourself avoiding social engagements or so preoccupied with excessive worrying? Finding ways to navigate these difficult feelings can help you get back on track. I use a psychodynamic approach and CBT that focuses on uncovering patterns of behavior and ways of relating to ourselves and others that are often outside of our awareness. I also consider how our past impacts who we are today. Through acceptance and empathy, we will establish a trusting therapeutic relationship and work together toward your personal growth and self-discovery.
(949) 298-2954 View (949) 298-2954
Photo of Laurel Salmon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Irvine, CA
Laurel Salmon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92604
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
(949) 806-4382 View (949) 806-4382
Photo of Rannia Brown, Psychological Associate in Irvine, CA
Rannia Brown
Psychological Associate, PsyD, LAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvine, CA 92614
Dr. Rannia Brown is a highly skilled clinician who has a thorough background in the research, theory, and practice of the treatment of substance abuse, trauma, and co-occurring disorders. Dr. Brown has earned her Doctoral Degree in Applied Clinical Psychology from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. She has clinical experience with both adolescents and adults in a variety of mental health and substance abuse related treatment settings, including both individual and group counseling.
Dr. Rannia Brown is a highly skilled clinician who has a thorough background in the research, theory, and practice of the treatment of substance abuse, trauma, and co-occurring disorders. Dr. Brown has earned her Doctoral Degree in Applied Clinical Psychology from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. She has clinical experience with both adolescents and adults in a variety of mental health and substance abuse related treatment settings, including both individual and group counseling.
(949) 997-2248 View (949) 997-2248
Photo of Natalia Nikolova, Psychologist in Irvine, CA
Natalia Nikolova
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92614
Waitlist for new clients
In moments of doubt or struggle we all need someone to lean on in order to regain our inner strength. Whether you are dealing with relationship issues, emotional difficulties, or life transitions, I am here to help.
In moments of doubt or struggle we all need someone to lean on in order to regain our inner strength. Whether you are dealing with relationship issues, emotional difficulties, or life transitions, I am here to help.
(310) 907-7692 View (310) 907-7692
Photo of Katelyn Shields, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Katelyn Shields
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612  (Online Only)
Finding a therapist who you feel comfortable with and who fits your needs can be a challenging task. My hope is that the information provided here will allow you to move closer to finding the therapist that is right for you, or continuing your search elsewhere. Therapy can be scary, vulnerable, difficult, exciting, unexpected, rewarding, and completely life changing. I’m here for all of that and whatever else our work brings us. I love being a therapist. While I can serve and help many people with a variety of life’s challenges, I am currently working towards a certification in Sex Therapy.
Finding a therapist who you feel comfortable with and who fits your needs can be a challenging task. My hope is that the information provided here will allow you to move closer to finding the therapist that is right for you, or continuing your search elsewhere. Therapy can be scary, vulnerable, difficult, exciting, unexpected, rewarding, and completely life changing. I’m here for all of that and whatever else our work brings us. I love being a therapist. While I can serve and help many people with a variety of life’s challenges, I am currently working towards a certification in Sex Therapy.
(510) 858-2373 View (510) 858-2373
Photo of Emily Elnaz Forotan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Emily Elnaz Forotan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irvine, CA 92612  (Online Only)
Feeling overwhelmed with juggling multiple stressors and different parts of your life? Coping with unexpected life changes is hard. Therapy can be a useful tool to help work through stressors by better understanding stressors and being conscious of the parts of yourself that are resilient even in times of significant stress.
Feeling overwhelmed with juggling multiple stressors and different parts of your life? Coping with unexpected life changes is hard. Therapy can be a useful tool to help work through stressors by better understanding stressors and being conscious of the parts of yourself that are resilient even in times of significant stress.
(949) 776-1070 View (949) 776-1070
Photo of Kathy Le, Psychological Associate in Irvine, CA
Kathy Le
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612  (Online Only)
I take a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy. My goal is to provide insight, feedback, and tools to help you in this journey. I utilize different modalities in order to tailor each session and treatment plan to whatever goals or challenges you may be facing at the moment. I have immediate openings for individual and relationship therapy on Sunday, Monday, and Thursdays.
I take a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy. My goal is to provide insight, feedback, and tools to help you in this journey. I utilize different modalities in order to tailor each session and treatment plan to whatever goals or challenges you may be facing at the moment. I have immediate openings for individual and relationship therapy on Sunday, Monday, and Thursdays.
(949) 881-4776 View (949) 881-4776
Photo of Jennifer L Reza, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Jennifer L Reza
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, YTT-200
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
When asked what is the best part of her work as a therapist, she says it’s working with the clients. “For me, there is nothing that compares to the fulfillment of seeing the transformation that occurs when an individual seeks support and allows me to bear witness to this intimate journey." Jennifer's gentle, encouraging support brings forth one's own insight and awareness. It is in this space that personal transformation begins. Jennifer utilizes a diverse skill-set and versatile approach to help meet individuals where they are at.
When asked what is the best part of her work as a therapist, she says it’s working with the clients. “For me, there is nothing that compares to the fulfillment of seeing the transformation that occurs when an individual seeks support and allows me to bear witness to this intimate journey." Jennifer's gentle, encouraging support brings forth one's own insight and awareness. It is in this space that personal transformation begins. Jennifer utilizes a diverse skill-set and versatile approach to help meet individuals where they are at.
(949) 541-8817 View (949) 541-8817
Photo of Arlen Grajeda, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Arlen Grajeda
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Irvine, CA 92612
We all have a story... a story to tell of where we come from, where we've been, where we are and where we want to be. The reality is that life comes with struggles and sometimes these struggles have a way of catching up with us. So whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, career/academics issues or relationship conflicts and feel stuck, worried, scared, sad, confused, lost or so much more, well then you've stopped at the right place. I am here to support you and help you better understand what you're experiencing by gaining insight, developing self awareness, and gaining healthy skills so you can thrive.
We all have a story... a story to tell of where we come from, where we've been, where we are and where we want to be. The reality is that life comes with struggles and sometimes these struggles have a way of catching up with us. So whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, career/academics issues or relationship conflicts and feel stuck, worried, scared, sad, confused, lost or so much more, well then you've stopped at the right place. I am here to support you and help you better understand what you're experiencing by gaining insight, developing self awareness, and gaining healthy skills so you can thrive.
(949) 676-6697 View (949) 676-6697
Photo of Jaci Schoen - Relationship Focus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irvine, CA
Jaci Schoen - Relationship Focus
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Irvine, CA 92614
Not accepting new clients
If you’ve experienced difficulties in your current relationship you may be torn between fulfillment of your innermost needs and reactivation of your deepest wounds. These rifts may overshadow your ability to feel joy, wellness and hopefulness. We will work together to rebuild and enliven your connection. My calm, empathic demeanor invites you into a confidential, nonjudgmental space where we can discuss your concerns. My goal is to foster a trusting therapy relationship with you as we address these concerns, nourish your healing process, and encourage your ongoing personal growth.
If you’ve experienced difficulties in your current relationship you may be torn between fulfillment of your innermost needs and reactivation of your deepest wounds. These rifts may overshadow your ability to feel joy, wellness and hopefulness. We will work together to rebuild and enliven your connection. My calm, empathic demeanor invites you into a confidential, nonjudgmental space where we can discuss your concerns. My goal is to foster a trusting therapy relationship with you as we address these concerns, nourish your healing process, and encourage your ongoing personal growth.
(714) 202-4742 View (714) 202-4742

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Irvine, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Irvine, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Irvine, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Irvine?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.