Therapists in Bessemer, AL

Photo of Dr. Sonya R. McCurdy - Restoration Faith Based Counseling, Inc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PIP, MPH, MDiv, DMin
Restoration Faith Based Counseling, Inc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PIP, MPH, MDiv, DMin
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I desire to serve any person in need of mental health counseling across multiple areas. I want to provide affordable counseling to those in need by accepting insurance from multiple insurance providers and providing a sliding fee scale.
I desire to serve any person in need of mental health counseling across multiple areas. I want to provide affordable counseling to those in need by accepting insurance from multiple insurance providers and providing a sliding fee scale.
(205) 582-7885 View (205) 582-7885
Photo of Carmen N Woods, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW-S, PIP, CCTP
Carmen N Woods
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW-S, PIP, CCTP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Evening and weekend appointments are available. I work with ages five to adult. Parenting, marital conflict, behavioral issues, anxiety and depression, substance abuse and trauma are just a few of the areas in which I specialize . I expect honesty, session attendance and a willingness to work outside of the session to improve your overall well being. Seeking counseling can be stressful for some .I will provide a non judgmental yet structured environment in which to work on agreed upon goals. I am willing to work with an individual where they are on their journey.
Evening and weekend appointments are available. I work with ages five to adult. Parenting, marital conflict, behavioral issues, anxiety and depression, substance abuse and trauma are just a few of the areas in which I specialize . I expect honesty, session attendance and a willingness to work outside of the session to improve your overall well being. Seeking counseling can be stressful for some .I will provide a non judgmental yet structured environment in which to work on agreed upon goals. I am willing to work with an individual where they are on their journey.
(205) 883-1541 View (205) 883-1541
Photo of Tamara Oliver-Jackson, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC , NCC, CAMS-II, RPT
Tamara Oliver-Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC , NCC, CAMS-II, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bessemer, AL 35020
I work to create a safe, confidential, genuine, and non-judgmental setting, which is essential for establishing a healthy therapeutic relationship. When clients can experience a sense of unconditional positive regard from their therapist, they will be more apt to be vested in the therapeutic process. Part of my job as a therapist is to actively listen to what you are saying and not saying, during each session. Through active listening, I can help you explore the underlying issues of your experience as well as identify your personal strengths. I utilize a myriad of therapeutic approaches in meeting clients' individual therapeutic goals, needs, and styles. Such as, 'talk' therapy, humanistic, cognitive-behavioral therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, play therapy, and sand tray therapy, etc. I promote increased self-awareness and actualization, which develops emotional, physical, and spiritual balance. This works towards reducing many sources of conflict in one's life.
I work to create a safe, confidential, genuine, and non-judgmental setting, which is essential for establishing a healthy therapeutic relationship. When clients can experience a sense of unconditional positive regard from their therapist, they will be more apt to be vested in the therapeutic process. Part of my job as a therapist is to actively listen to what you are saying and not saying, during each session. Through active listening, I can help you explore the underlying issues of your experience as well as identify your personal strengths. I utilize a myriad of therapeutic approaches in meeting clients' individual therapeutic goals, needs, and styles. Such as, 'talk' therapy, humanistic, cognitive-behavioral therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, play therapy, and sand tray therapy, etc. I promote increased self-awareness and actualization, which develops emotional, physical, and spiritual balance. This works towards reducing many sources of conflict in one's life.
(205) 881-5028 View (205) 881-5028
Photo of Janet P Stoudenmire, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S, ICADC, MAC, SAP
Janet P Stoudenmire
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S, ICADC, MAC, SAP
Verified Verified
Bessemer, AL 35020
I have had the privilege of working with individuals, couples, families, and groups for over 25 years as a certified and licensed professional counselor. My work expresses my strong belief in every human being's natural drive towards growth, individuation, and integration. I value our ability to live in the present with all of the aliveness that this allows. Areas of particular interest include fostering connection for empowering people and fostering connection for couples as well as other intimate systems, and healing from loss.
I have had the privilege of working with individuals, couples, families, and groups for over 25 years as a certified and licensed professional counselor. My work expresses my strong belief in every human being's natural drive towards growth, individuation, and integration. I value our ability to live in the present with all of the aliveness that this allows. Areas of particular interest include fostering connection for empowering people and fostering connection for couples as well as other intimate systems, and healing from loss.
(205) 255-9173 View (205) 255-9173
Photo of Anita C Barnes, Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Anita C Barnes
Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Bessemer, AL 35022
I am a Christian Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Alabama who provides in office and virtual counseling. I am an independent nationally certified counselor who has experience working with teens and adults. I am experienced in rehabilitation, coping with anxiety and depression, grief, adverse childhood events, crisis intervention and trauma in both adolescents and adults. I employ an eclectic mix of modalities to meet each client's unique needs. I believe everyone should have a safe and healing place to work through life's difficulties and feel supported.
I am a Christian Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Alabama who provides in office and virtual counseling. I am an independent nationally certified counselor who has experience working with teens and adults. I am experienced in rehabilitation, coping with anxiety and depression, grief, adverse childhood events, crisis intervention and trauma in both adolescents and adults. I employ an eclectic mix of modalities to meet each client's unique needs. I believe everyone should have a safe and healing place to work through life's difficulties and feel supported.
(205) 677-5120 View (205) 677-5120
Photo of Larry R Massey, Counselor, MDiv, MAC MHC, DMin
Larry R Massey
Counselor, MDiv, MAC MHC, DMin
Verified Verified
Bessemer, AL 35022
God intends for us to be happy and content while the struggles of this world constantly attack the very foundation of our mental health. Things like intrusive thoughts of fear, jealously, inferiority, anger, mistrust, unforgiveness, and guilt rob us of our confidence and sense of wellbeing. Obsessive behavior or feelings of anxiety or depression can prevent or erode relationships that add so much to our lives. Healthy work relationships, marriage, and family relationships are all negatively or positively impacted by our perception. Our behavior will not change until our thinking changes. Why continue in pain when there is a relief.
God intends for us to be happy and content while the struggles of this world constantly attack the very foundation of our mental health. Things like intrusive thoughts of fear, jealously, inferiority, anger, mistrust, unforgiveness, and guilt rob us of our confidence and sense of wellbeing. Obsessive behavior or feelings of anxiety or depression can prevent or erode relationships that add so much to our lives. Healthy work relationships, marriage, and family relationships are all negatively or positively impacted by our perception. Our behavior will not change until our thinking changes. Why continue in pain when there is a relief.
(205) 402-8969 View (205) 402-8969
Photo of Moniko Lawson - Healing Conversations, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Healing Conversations, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bessemer, AL 35020
***CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Is your child experiencing behavioral problems or struggling with self-esteem? Is your child grieving or adjusting to a recent divorce or separation? Maybe you desire additional support to help strengthen the parent/child relationship and/or family unit.
***CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Is your child experiencing behavioral problems or struggling with self-esteem? Is your child grieving or adjusting to a recent divorce or separation? Maybe you desire additional support to help strengthen the parent/child relationship and/or family unit.
(205) 270-5567 View (205) 270-5567
Photo of LaMesha McKenzie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
LaMesha McKenzie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
LaMesha’s approach to therapy is “person centered” as she aims to meet the client “where they are”. She considers the therapeutic relationship essential as she evaluates each person within the context of their environment and provides practical feedback to help effectively address their personal life challenges. Her areas of expertise include, but are not limited to: stress management, anxiety/depression, personal growth, and effective communication strategies while utilizing as needed,Trauma Focused Solutions, Brief Solution Focused Therapy, CBT, and Crisis Interventions and more. LaMesha is also licensed in DC and Alabama!
LaMesha’s approach to therapy is “person centered” as she aims to meet the client “where they are”. She considers the therapeutic relationship essential as she evaluates each person within the context of their environment and provides practical feedback to help effectively address their personal life challenges. Her areas of expertise include, but are not limited to: stress management, anxiety/depression, personal growth, and effective communication strategies while utilizing as needed,Trauma Focused Solutions, Brief Solution Focused Therapy, CBT, and Crisis Interventions and more. LaMesha is also licensed in DC and Alabama!
(202) 499-4007 View (202) 499-4007
Photo of Holle Leath, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Holle Leath
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I find profound fulfillment in guiding my clients on a transformative journey of self-discovery and healing.
I find profound fulfillment in guiding my clients on a transformative journey of self-discovery and healing.
(706) 890-7362 View (706) 890-7362
Photo of Angelica Bellman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Angelica Bellman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you wanting some help for your child - and maybe for yourself as well? Although I also work with adults, my specialty is working with children and adolescents who have experienced trauma and anxiety. Everyone can make progress with the right amount of support, guidance, and encouragement. I help children and adults recognize their strengths, make better decisions, and develop healthy relationships with others. "Balance is not something you find, it's something you create." (Jana Kingsford)
Are you wanting some help for your child - and maybe for yourself as well? Although I also work with adults, my specialty is working with children and adolescents who have experienced trauma and anxiety. Everyone can make progress with the right amount of support, guidance, and encouragement. I help children and adults recognize their strengths, make better decisions, and develop healthy relationships with others. "Balance is not something you find, it's something you create." (Jana Kingsford)
(205) 882-3745 View (205) 882-3745
Photo of Dr. Griena Knight Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor, MACN, EdD, LPC, BCC, BC-TMH
Dr. Griena Knight Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACN, EdD, LPC, BCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I strive to enable individuals to realize a happier, healthier, and more successful existence through services that optimizes one's personally defined well being. I provide innovative, responsive, and quality mental health services addressing the obstacles that negatively impact an individual's quality of life such as: Stress and Anxiety; Depression; Relationship Issues; Anger Management; Self-Esteem; Adjustment Issues; Grief and Loss; and Identity Issues. I cultivate a helping relationship that allows the client to define and achieve a healthy lifestyle.
I strive to enable individuals to realize a happier, healthier, and more successful existence through services that optimizes one's personally defined well being. I provide innovative, responsive, and quality mental health services addressing the obstacles that negatively impact an individual's quality of life such as: Stress and Anxiety; Depression; Relationship Issues; Anger Management; Self-Esteem; Adjustment Issues; Grief and Loss; and Identity Issues. I cultivate a helping relationship that allows the client to define and achieve a healthy lifestyle.
(205) 236-6774 View (205) 236-6774
Photo of Te'aira Davis - The Wellness Factory Counseling LLC, Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
The Wellness Factory Counseling LLC
Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
As a licensed and national board certified counselor in both Georgia and Alabama, I have several years of counseling experience with helping children, teens, adults as well as individuals with disabilities. I strive to meet clients where they are by offering counseling services utilizing various psychotherapy techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Reality Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Therapy. I help clients to focus on their needs and identify goals for success. I want you to be a happier, healthier you.
As a licensed and national board certified counselor in both Georgia and Alabama, I have several years of counseling experience with helping children, teens, adults as well as individuals with disabilities. I strive to meet clients where they are by offering counseling services utilizing various psychotherapy techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Reality Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Therapy. I help clients to focus on their needs and identify goals for success. I want you to be a happier, healthier you.
(205) 576-0805 View (205) 576-0805
Photo of Lyn Crawford, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, NCC, MAC, RPT
Lyn Crawford
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, NCC, MAC, RPT
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hello, I'm glad you're here. I can be reached at Eagle Consulting/Counseling Division. The number is 256-716-0811 or fill out the online paperwork at www.eaglecounselingtec.com. Believe me you do not have to go through life's struggles alone. I want to help you stop surviving and start thriving. People who seek counseling may be dealing with several issues at the same time. These issues can include, but are not limited to, children acting-out, anxiety, depression, divorce, grief, low self-esteem, marriage, substance use, secondary trauma and, wounds from life.
Hello, I'm glad you're here. I can be reached at Eagle Consulting/Counseling Division. The number is 256-716-0811 or fill out the online paperwork at www.eaglecounselingtec.com. Believe me you do not have to go through life's struggles alone. I want to help you stop surviving and start thriving. People who seek counseling may be dealing with several issues at the same time. These issues can include, but are not limited to, children acting-out, anxiety, depression, divorce, grief, low self-esteem, marriage, substance use, secondary trauma and, wounds from life.
(938) 888-7866 View (938) 888-7866
Photo of Sharika Pruitt - Crossroads to Pathways Family Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Crossroads to Pathways Family Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Is your teen feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or misunderstood? Are they struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, or other challenges that make school, friendships, or family life harder than it should be? Maybe they’re acting out, shutting down, or just seem lost. At Crossroads to Pathways Counseling, we get it. We specialize in helping teens and adolescents navigate these tough emotions and behaviors while supporting parents in understanding and advocating for their child. Together, we’ll create a plan to help your teen feel heard, empowered, and on the path to growth.
Is your teen feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or misunderstood? Are they struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, or other challenges that make school, friendships, or family life harder than it should be? Maybe they’re acting out, shutting down, or just seem lost. At Crossroads to Pathways Counseling, we get it. We specialize in helping teens and adolescents navigate these tough emotions and behaviors while supporting parents in understanding and advocating for their child. Together, we’ll create a plan to help your teen feel heard, empowered, and on the path to growth.
(256) 494-8483 View (256) 494-8483
Photo of Rekita C. Jackson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAMS, CGS
Rekita C. Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAMS, CGS
Verified Verified
Serves Area
***Now Accepting New Clients***Life sometimes deals us problems and situations that seem impossible to handle. But do know there is a flip side to every card. Let me help you help yourself to work through issues life may throw your way.
***Now Accepting New Clients***Life sometimes deals us problems and situations that seem impossible to handle. But do know there is a flip side to every card. Let me help you help yourself to work through issues life may throw your way.
(205) 272-5594 View (205) 272-5594
Photo of Diana Paulk - Birmingham Anxiety and Trauma Therapy, Psychologist, PhD, LICSW, LPC, LMFT
Birmingham Anxiety and Trauma Therapy
Psychologist, PhD, LICSW, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you struggle with anxiety and excessive worry? Have you been through a traumatic event that was difficult to resolve? We help individuals, couples, children, and families overcome anxiety, depression, worry, recent or past trauma, stress, PTSD, child behavioral problems, couples challenges, and family conflict issues. We identify ways to get you un-stuck and back to wellness. Our Psychologists and Therapists have many years of combined training and experience. We use state of the art techniques to help you overcome your challenges. We'll help you practice new ways of looking at things and handling problems more effectively.
Do you struggle with anxiety and excessive worry? Have you been through a traumatic event that was difficult to resolve? We help individuals, couples, children, and families overcome anxiety, depression, worry, recent or past trauma, stress, PTSD, child behavioral problems, couples challenges, and family conflict issues. We identify ways to get you un-stuck and back to wellness. Our Psychologists and Therapists have many years of combined training and experience. We use state of the art techniques to help you overcome your challenges. We'll help you practice new ways of looking at things and handling problems more effectively.
(205) 272-5676 View (205) 272-5676
Photo of Kimberly Jenkins-Richardson - Jenkins-Richardson & Associates LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jenkins-Richardson & Associates LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Accepting New Clients! Jenkins-Richardson & Associates is a diverse practice of Licensed Counselors and Social Workers. We are also one of a few practices state-wide who has both a Registered Play Therapist and an Art Therapist on staff. We provide in person counseling services in our Tuscaloosa offices and telehealth services to individuals residing in the state of Alabama. Our services include Individual counseling for ages 4+, Couples, Family, and Group Counseling. Our specialization areas are as follows:
Accepting New Clients! Jenkins-Richardson & Associates is a diverse practice of Licensed Counselors and Social Workers. We are also one of a few practices state-wide who has both a Registered Play Therapist and an Art Therapist on staff. We provide in person counseling services in our Tuscaloosa offices and telehealth services to individuals residing in the state of Alabama. Our services include Individual counseling for ages 4+, Couples, Family, and Group Counseling. Our specialization areas are as follows:
(205) 691-4385 View (205) 691-4385
Photo of Ronald E Douglas, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
Ronald E Douglas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I believe anyone can change with the desire to want to change. I feel that having someone to listen to you and talk issues through is important and key to successful growth and change. We are all social beings with hurts, feelings, and issues to work through and I am a therapist that will listen and help you work through your life situations. Together there are no hurdles that can't be accomplished.
I believe anyone can change with the desire to want to change. I feel that having someone to listen to you and talk issues through is important and key to successful growth and change. We are all social beings with hurts, feelings, and issues to work through and I am a therapist that will listen and help you work through your life situations. Together there are no hurdles that can't be accomplished.
(205) 610-8140 View (205) 610-8140
Photo of Alexandria Richards, Counselor, ALC
Alexandria Richards
Counselor, ALC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am committed to supporting individuals on their mental health journeys since 2017. Specializing in working with teens, children, adults, and adolescents, I am dedicated to helping individuals navigate anxiety, life transitions, and emotional challenges. My passion lies in guiding youth and young adults as they face pivotal life changes, providing the support they need to thrive. I believe that emotional pain is a natural part of life’s journey, arising from transitions, challenges, and stressors that can bring frustration and uncertainty.
I am committed to supporting individuals on their mental health journeys since 2017. Specializing in working with teens, children, adults, and adolescents, I am dedicated to helping individuals navigate anxiety, life transitions, and emotional challenges. My passion lies in guiding youth and young adults as they face pivotal life changes, providing the support they need to thrive. I believe that emotional pain is a natural part of life’s journey, arising from transitions, challenges, and stressors that can bring frustration and uncertainty.
(205) 964-5762 View (205) 964-5762
Photo of Kristin White, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Kristin White
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
You’ve made it this far, I would love to join you on the rest of your journey to wellness. Life often presents us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. Taking the first step toward change is an incredible accomplishment, and I’m here to help you take it further. I integrate therapeutic techniques from Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, mindfulness-based and other therapies to help clients develop practical skills for managing their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.
You’ve made it this far, I would love to join you on the rest of your journey to wellness. Life often presents us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. Taking the first step toward change is an incredible accomplishment, and I’m here to help you take it further. I integrate therapeutic techniques from Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavioral, mindfulness-based and other therapies to help clients develop practical skills for managing their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.
(659) 235-2307 View (659) 235-2307
1

See more therapy options for Bessemer

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bessemer, AL

20+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Bessemer, AL who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
95% Stress
86% Family Conflict
86% Coping Skills
81% Depression
81% Behavioral Issues
76% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Cigna and Evernorth
60% BHS | Behavioral Health Systems

How Therapists in Bessemer, AL see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bessemer?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.