Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

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Photo of Jessica Flynn, Psychologist in Salt Lake City, UT
Jessica Flynn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84119  (Online Only)
I provide compassionate, LGBTQIA+ and anti-racist, evidence-based care for those suffering from mood and anxiety symptoms. Teens, adults, couples and families. Telehealth and self-pay only. Utah residents only. (I cannot provide care from a full DBT program, however, I can provide DBT-informed care if that is appropriate).
I provide compassionate, LGBTQIA+ and anti-racist, evidence-based care for those suffering from mood and anxiety symptoms. Teens, adults, couples and families. Telehealth and self-pay only. Utah residents only. (I cannot provide care from a full DBT program, however, I can provide DBT-informed care if that is appropriate).
(801) 845-9290 View (801) 845-9290
Photo of In Tune Counseling & Coaching, LLC, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
In Tune Counseling & Coaching, LLC
Counselor, CMHC
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
In Tune Counseling and Coaching emphasizes the client - therapist relationship. We offer a safe and comfortable setting that promotes respect, growth and development. Each individual is treated uniquely with regard to personal characteristics and interpersonal skills. Our therapists are invested in our clients and utilize evidence-based practices, creative and experiential modality, and are compassionate about their health and well-being. Wellness is paramount and is supported through therapeutic, life coaching, holistic and/or pharmaceutical means.
In Tune Counseling and Coaching emphasizes the client - therapist relationship. We offer a safe and comfortable setting that promotes respect, growth and development. Each individual is treated uniquely with regard to personal characteristics and interpersonal skills. Our therapists are invested in our clients and utilize evidence-based practices, creative and experiential modality, and are compassionate about their health and well-being. Wellness is paramount and is supported through therapeutic, life coaching, holistic and/or pharmaceutical means.
(801) 666-4762 View (801) 666-4762
Photo of Kate Alston, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Kate Alston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84117
Trauma may be a part of your story but it does not have to define you or leave you feeling anything less than a strong survivor. My passion in life is to help each individual to feel empowered, strong, worthy & successful. Each of us are impacted by life changes, emotional disruptions, traumatic events etc. My love is to step into your world, observe it how you see it & help you navigate it. I am passionate about helping individuals heal from the wounds that events leave upon us. I believe our bodies carry our traumatic events, physically & emotionally. I believe in healing the mind and body, all aspects of life, from the inside out
Trauma may be a part of your story but it does not have to define you or leave you feeling anything less than a strong survivor. My passion in life is to help each individual to feel empowered, strong, worthy & successful. Each of us are impacted by life changes, emotional disruptions, traumatic events etc. My love is to step into your world, observe it how you see it & help you navigate it. I am passionate about helping individuals heal from the wounds that events leave upon us. I believe our bodies carry our traumatic events, physically & emotionally. I believe in healing the mind and body, all aspects of life, from the inside out
(801) 396-8693 View (801) 396-8693
Photo of Therapy Collective, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Therapy Collective
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Therapy Collective is a group of excellent trauma-informed therapists who are well-trained and have years of experience. We often have openings for new clients within a week, or a short waitlist. We have availability for in-person sessions in Salt Lake City and Taylorsville, UT and can provide telehealth therapy for anyone who lives in the state of Utah.
Therapy Collective is a group of excellent trauma-informed therapists who are well-trained and have years of experience. We often have openings for new clients within a week, or a short waitlist. We have availability for in-person sessions in Salt Lake City and Taylorsville, UT and can provide telehealth therapy for anyone who lives in the state of Utah.
(385) 526-7861 View (385) 526-7861
Photo of Samantha Pranger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Samantha Pranger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84124
My therapeutic style focuses on assisting clients through their struggles by leading from behind. I have assisted clients of all ages that are working through anxiety, depression, various types of trauma, faith transitions, and sexuality and gender issues. I focus on priorities in my clients' lives and work at their pace to make the therapeutic process as beneficial as possible for them.
My therapeutic style focuses on assisting clients through their struggles by leading from behind. I have assisted clients of all ages that are working through anxiety, depression, various types of trauma, faith transitions, and sexuality and gender issues. I focus on priorities in my clients' lives and work at their pace to make the therapeutic process as beneficial as possible for them.
(385) 666-6648 View (385) 666-6648
Photo of Margaret Thompson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Margaret Thompson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84102  (Online Only)
Falling in love is the easy part. Staying in love is quite another matter. While some enjoy lasting happiness, most couples run into disappointments that gradually build up. They watch helplessly as their once loving feelings fade into cycles of negativity and poor communication. Eventually, these reactive cycles become their new normal ... where even simple conversations turn into major blow-ups. Then both partners feel misunderstood, undervalued and alone. For some, their walls can become too thick and they can't make contact. The good news is, it's not too late! You can repair these past ruptures and recover.
Falling in love is the easy part. Staying in love is quite another matter. While some enjoy lasting happiness, most couples run into disappointments that gradually build up. They watch helplessly as their once loving feelings fade into cycles of negativity and poor communication. Eventually, these reactive cycles become their new normal ... where even simple conversations turn into major blow-ups. Then both partners feel misunderstood, undervalued and alone. For some, their walls can become too thick and they can't make contact. The good news is, it's not too late! You can repair these past ruptures and recover.
(801) 252-5883 View (801) 252-5883
Photo of Kaleo Awana, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Kaleo Awana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PCC
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
I am a licensed therapist + ICF certified executive life coach whose specialties include trauma and “therapy with a coaching edge” aka, therapy with something extra. Simply put, this method improves client outcomes by combining the healing and insight of therapy with the goal attainment and accountability of coaching.
I am a licensed therapist + ICF certified executive life coach whose specialties include trauma and “therapy with a coaching edge” aka, therapy with something extra. Simply put, this method improves client outcomes by combining the healing and insight of therapy with the goal attainment and accountability of coaching.
(801) 505-8428 View (801) 505-8428
Photo of Robert Barth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Robert Barth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MFA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
I am a psychoanalytically-oriented psychotherapist with 21 years of experience working with individuals seeking help with the difficulties they face in the progress of their lives. My practice perspective is grounded in Analytical Psychology, the theories and practices developed by Carl G. Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. My work is also informed by my training and experience in Object Relations Theory and Ego Psychology, which are associated analytical perspectives and compliment a Jungian approach to depth psychological treatment.
I am a psychoanalytically-oriented psychotherapist with 21 years of experience working with individuals seeking help with the difficulties they face in the progress of their lives. My practice perspective is grounded in Analytical Psychology, the theories and practices developed by Carl G. Jung (1875-1961), a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. My work is also informed by my training and experience in Object Relations Theory and Ego Psychology, which are associated analytical perspectives and compliment a Jungian approach to depth psychological treatment.
(801) 701-2358 View (801) 701-2358
Photo of Isaiah Cardoso, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Isaiah Cardoso
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
As a licensed clinical mental health counselor, I work with my clients to understand their unique narrative and inner strength to meet them where they’re at. Trauma and its impact are far more common than many people believe. If you are dealing with depression, anxiety, and/or overwhelm you may be dealing with symptoms of trauma. I believe in the power of resilience and the capacity for growth in every individual. My therapeutic style is empathetic, client-centered, and tailored to each person's unique needs. I work collaboratively with my clients to foster healing, self-discovery, and emotional well-being.
As a licensed clinical mental health counselor, I work with my clients to understand their unique narrative and inner strength to meet them where they’re at. Trauma and its impact are far more common than many people believe. If you are dealing with depression, anxiety, and/or overwhelm you may be dealing with symptoms of trauma. I believe in the power of resilience and the capacity for growth in every individual. My therapeutic style is empathetic, client-centered, and tailored to each person's unique needs. I work collaboratively with my clients to foster healing, self-discovery, and emotional well-being.
(385) 993-4728 View (385) 993-4728
Photo of Saydi E. Shumway, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Saydi E. Shumway
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84108
Are you feeling stuck in your life, relationships, thoughts, emotions or habits? Are you feeling too broken or walled off or anxious to engage in meaningful connections with others? Are you struggling with knowing or liking who you are? Do you get stalled overthinking things? Current research suggests that meaningful connections are at the core of solid mental health. Do you need help identifying what is holding you back from a life of meaningful connections and healthy relationships? Do you feel lost, confused or alone?
Are you feeling stuck in your life, relationships, thoughts, emotions or habits? Are you feeling too broken or walled off or anxious to engage in meaningful connections with others? Are you struggling with knowing or liking who you are? Do you get stalled overthinking things? Current research suggests that meaningful connections are at the core of solid mental health. Do you need help identifying what is holding you back from a life of meaningful connections and healthy relationships? Do you feel lost, confused or alone?
(801) 797-2311 View (801) 797-2311
Photo of Shanquette Chance, Pre-Licensed Professional in Salt Lake City, UT
Shanquette Chance
Pre-Licensed Professional, CSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84106
Life is puzzling in both its perplexity and in that it resembles one. Where we attempt to find the edge pieces for some kind of outline/guide, discover which pieces fit together, constantly looking at the bigger picture, realizing it’s going to take some time to complete, and having someone join in can be helpful and/or fun. I do so in order to simplify a section of their life puzzle piece as they are attempting to find where it goes and how it fits in the bigger picture. That might include trauma focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy, DBT skills, Motivational Interviewing, solution focused therapy, and learned self-compassion.
Life is puzzling in both its perplexity and in that it resembles one. Where we attempt to find the edge pieces for some kind of outline/guide, discover which pieces fit together, constantly looking at the bigger picture, realizing it’s going to take some time to complete, and having someone join in can be helpful and/or fun. I do so in order to simplify a section of their life puzzle piece as they are attempting to find where it goes and how it fits in the bigger picture. That might include trauma focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy, DBT skills, Motivational Interviewing, solution focused therapy, and learned self-compassion.
(385) 432-4607 View (385) 432-4607
Photo of Jessica Wells, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Jessica Wells
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84107
I believe that everyone has the ability within them to engage with, manage, and heal from life’s challenges, and that therapy provides the space, methods, and tools to do so. I believe peace and well-being are developed through a balance of learning to accept things as they are, while also striving to improve each day. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe environment for individuals to express themselves fully, to help them see themselves as the incredible people they already are, and assist them in moving towards the person they want to be.
I believe that everyone has the ability within them to engage with, manage, and heal from life’s challenges, and that therapy provides the space, methods, and tools to do so. I believe peace and well-being are developed through a balance of learning to accept things as they are, while also striving to improve each day. My goal as a therapist is to create a safe environment for individuals to express themselves fully, to help them see themselves as the incredible people they already are, and assist them in moving towards the person they want to be.
(385) 217-0072 View (385) 217-0072
Photo of Stephanie Chamberlain, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Stephanie Chamberlain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84105
Are you overwhelmed by all the responsibilities you have on your plate, do you feel scattered, or do you always feel three steps behind? Do you find yourself worrying excessively and struggle to rein it in? Maybe you are a parent and struggling to balance caring for your children, working, and caring for yourself? Whether you are struggling with challenges around anxiety, depression, parenting struggles, ADHD, relationship issues, or trauma I can help you. I would work with you to identify the root causes of your struggles and give you the tools necessary to grow beyond these challenges.
Are you overwhelmed by all the responsibilities you have on your plate, do you feel scattered, or do you always feel three steps behind? Do you find yourself worrying excessively and struggle to rein it in? Maybe you are a parent and struggling to balance caring for your children, working, and caring for yourself? Whether you are struggling with challenges around anxiety, depression, parenting struggles, ADHD, relationship issues, or trauma I can help you. I would work with you to identify the root causes of your struggles and give you the tools necessary to grow beyond these challenges.
(385) 381-6665 View (385) 381-6665
Photo of Jill B Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Jill B Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84115  (Online Only)
I work from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective. I believe that people have a healthy drive toward wellness, but the trials of life often lead them down paths that are counterproductive and even self defeating. A good therapist can help people rediscover joy in their lives and their relationships, as well as re-establish a healthy and strong sense of self. It is gratifying to see people rediscover their unique strengths and uncover new-found capacities to survive and thrive in the face of life's many challenges. With a therapist's caring support, new possibilities become a reality.
I work from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective. I believe that people have a healthy drive toward wellness, but the trials of life often lead them down paths that are counterproductive and even self defeating. A good therapist can help people rediscover joy in their lives and their relationships, as well as re-establish a healthy and strong sense of self. It is gratifying to see people rediscover their unique strengths and uncover new-found capacities to survive and thrive in the face of life's many challenges. With a therapist's caring support, new possibilities become a reality.
(775) 364-0302 View (775) 364-0302
Photo of Kenzie Larsen, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Kenzie Larsen
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
As a therapist, I am known to be relational, even-keeled, and collaborative. My approach is dynamic and personable. I help clients attune to their needs, learn how to ground themselves when overwhelmed and overexerted, regain trust and confidence in their abilities, and find opportunities for more meaningful connections. For some, this involves specific skill-building, social coaching, exposure, or trauma work; for others, this involves simply holding the space to talk it out.
As a therapist, I am known to be relational, even-keeled, and collaborative. My approach is dynamic and personable. I help clients attune to their needs, learn how to ground themselves when overwhelmed and overexerted, regain trust and confidence in their abilities, and find opportunities for more meaningful connections. For some, this involves specific skill-building, social coaching, exposure, or trauma work; for others, this involves simply holding the space to talk it out.
(385) 475-4944 View (385) 475-4944
Photo of Spencer Richards, Psychologist in Salt Lake City, UT
Spencer Richards
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84106  (Online Only)
I specialize in the treatment of whole people - you are more than just your mental health. I am most helpful for individuals looking to build more meaning, joy, passion, and vitality in their lives. People working with me often arrive feeling stuck - my job is to help you get moving toward the things that matter most to you in your life. All of the services I provide are done virtually and I'm passionate about making every interaction personal, compassionate, and effective!
I specialize in the treatment of whole people - you are more than just your mental health. I am most helpful for individuals looking to build more meaning, joy, passion, and vitality in their lives. People working with me often arrive feeling stuck - my job is to help you get moving toward the things that matter most to you in your life. All of the services I provide are done virtually and I'm passionate about making every interaction personal, compassionate, and effective!
(385) 332-3394 View (385) 332-3394
Photo of Eric Garland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
Eric Garland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salt Lake City, UT 84112
I am a nationally-recognized expert in mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapies for stress-related conditions; in recognition of my expertise, I have received more than $20 million in federal grants to develop new, cutting-edge treatments. I have 15 years of clinical experience working with people suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, addictive behaviors, trauma, chronic pain, and mind-body conditions. I firmly believe that people have the power to transcend and transform their challenges into opportunities for growth and well-being. When appropriate, I engage clients on an existential level, assisting them in clarifying the meaning of their lives.
I am a nationally-recognized expert in mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapies for stress-related conditions; in recognition of my expertise, I have received more than $20 million in federal grants to develop new, cutting-edge treatments. I have 15 years of clinical experience working with people suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, addictive behaviors, trauma, chronic pain, and mind-body conditions. I firmly believe that people have the power to transcend and transform their challenges into opportunities for growth and well-being. When appropriate, I engage clients on an existential level, assisting them in clarifying the meaning of their lives.
(801) 441-3160 View (801) 441-3160
Photo of James R Bone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Salt Lake City, UT
James R Bone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, CAC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
Feeling stuck! Free yourself starting with a phone call. No matter who you are and whatever the problem, I have trust in the process of change and believe that all people deserve to be treated holistically with safety, confidentiality and no judgement. From my experience, I have seen the therapeutic process lead so many to a better and happier way of living.
Feeling stuck! Free yourself starting with a phone call. No matter who you are and whatever the problem, I have trust in the process of change and believe that all people deserve to be treated holistically with safety, confidentiality and no judgement. From my experience, I have seen the therapeutic process lead so many to a better and happier way of living.
(801) 347-5145 View (801) 347-5145
Photo of Joe Dennis, Counselor in Salt Lake City, UT
Joe Dennis
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84115
The impact of our histories seems to last forever. We can be crippled by moments of regret, embarrassment, and pain, and we can suffer from physical tension, mood swings, aches, and issues focusing. We lose sleep, eat poorly, settle for mediocre work with mediocre pay, get into unfulfilling relationships, have troubled intimacy, and continue suffering day-to-day where we get stuck. We can easily see this reality is unwanted, but what can be done about it?
The impact of our histories seems to last forever. We can be crippled by moments of regret, embarrassment, and pain, and we can suffer from physical tension, mood swings, aches, and issues focusing. We lose sleep, eat poorly, settle for mediocre work with mediocre pay, get into unfulfilling relationships, have troubled intimacy, and continue suffering day-to-day where we get stuck. We can easily see this reality is unwanted, but what can be done about it?
(385) 247-0395 View (385) 247-0395
Photo of Jacob Lopez in Salt Lake City, UT
Jacob Lopez
MA, ACMHC, CCATP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Salt Lake City, UT 84121
Please take note of the following important information: Hello There! To receive therapy services from me as your mental health provider, it is required to have a Primary Care Physician at Foothill Family Clinics. As follows, I operate differently than traditional therapy. I operate using the CoCM" which commonly stands for "Collaborative Care Model." Monthly sessions. It is a care approach particularly used in mental health settings to integrate behavioral health care into primary care.
Please take note of the following important information: Hello There! To receive therapy services from me as your mental health provider, it is required to have a Primary Care Physician at Foothill Family Clinics. As follows, I operate differently than traditional therapy. I operate using the CoCM" which commonly stands for "Collaborative Care Model." Monthly sessions. It is a care approach particularly used in mental health settings to integrate behavioral health care into primary care.
(385) 257-3681 View (385) 257-3681

See more therapy options for Salt Lake City

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
74% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% SelectHealth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Salt Lake City, UT see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
27% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Salt Lake City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.