Adoption Therapists in Nevada

Photo of Patricia Hanisee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Patricia Hanisee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS, EdD
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89128
My specialties are: the complex issues around adoption (domestic/international), families with special needs children and/or dependent adults, marriage/relationship counseling, and older adults.
Thank you for taking the time to read my personal statement. I look forward to working with a diverse group of individuals, couples and families who are in need of a safe place to explore sensitive and challenging issues that are bringing them into therapy. In my opinion, every individual on this website is my ideal client as you have taken the initiative in looking for help. This is a huge first step not only because it shows insight and awareness but motivation for change. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, older adults, couples, LGBTQ+, and complex family structures.
My specialties are: the complex issues around adoption (domestic/international), families with special needs children and/or dependent adults, marriage/relationship counseling, and older adults.
Thank you for taking the time to read my personal statement. I look forward to working with a diverse group of individuals, couples and families who are in need of a safe place to explore sensitive and challenging issues that are bringing them into therapy. In my opinion, every individual on this website is my ideal client as you have taken the initiative in looking for help. This is a huge first step not only because it shows insight and awareness but motivation for change. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, older adults, couples, LGBTQ+, and complex family structures.
(702) 825-7119 View (702) 825-7119
Photo of Mariah Jeremiah, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Mariah Jeremiah
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gardnerville, NV 89410  (Online Only)
I have over 10 years of clinical experience working with individuals who have gone through trauma as well as with a variety of mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, employment issues, relationship issues, etc. I provide great care for individuals of all ages. I believe at one point or another everyone is in need of therapy and it should be a shame-free and non-judgmental environment. I can provide individual, family, marriage and/or premarital therapy. I am formally trained in TF-CBT, PCIT, EMDR and Adoption Competency. I can provide pre- and post-adoption services.
I have over 10 years of clinical experience working with individuals who have gone through trauma as well as with a variety of mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, employment issues, relationship issues, etc. I provide great care for individuals of all ages. I believe at one point or another everyone is in need of therapy and it should be a shame-free and non-judgmental environment. I can provide individual, family, marriage and/or premarital therapy. I am formally trained in TF-CBT, PCIT, EMDR and Adoption Competency. I can provide pre- and post-adoption services.
(775) 364-0961 View (775) 364-0961
Photo of Laura Romano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Laura Romano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89503  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a therapist for more than ten years and social worker for twenty, I have years of experience with trauma, adoption, grief/loss, depression and anxiety; practicing EMDR when appropriate.
I would like to offer you a safe place to land at the beginning or at the end of a stressful day. Life is not easy, but it is easier when we have someone to support us along the way. Let's explore your feelings and thoughts about things that have happened to you and identify your goals together. I like to reinforce the power of self-care and find options and alternative coping skills to live more stress-free using, psychoeducation and mindfulness techniques. I understand the relationship between emotional and physical pain and can help you find ways to heal and live a more connected existence with yourself and others.
As a therapist for more than ten years and social worker for twenty, I have years of experience with trauma, adoption, grief/loss, depression and anxiety; practicing EMDR when appropriate.
I would like to offer you a safe place to land at the beginning or at the end of a stressful day. Life is not easy, but it is easier when we have someone to support us along the way. Let's explore your feelings and thoughts about things that have happened to you and identify your goals together. I like to reinforce the power of self-care and find options and alternative coping skills to live more stress-free using, psychoeducation and mindfulness techniques. I understand the relationship between emotional and physical pain and can help you find ways to heal and live a more connected existence with yourself and others.
(775) 377-6028 View (775) 377-6028
Photo of Sarah Barr, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nevada
Sarah Barr
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, CPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89509
In this, I work with families experiencing trauma, grief & loss, attachment concerns/disorders, anxiety, pre/post adoption work, and histories with the child welfare system.
Growing up is hard, emotions are harder, and for many children and adolescence, these struggles have us adults worrying about their happiness and how it is impacting their daily life and functioning. And if a child has experienced something traumatic, the struggle is 10-times harder. I am here to work with you, your child, and your family to create an experience that not only helps you child better understand themselves and their emotions, but also enhance the parent-child relationship. Together, as a cohesive unit, we work to create a treatment experience that is uniquely tailored to your family’s wants and needs.
In this, I work with families experiencing trauma, grief & loss, attachment concerns/disorders, anxiety, pre/post adoption work, and histories with the child welfare system.
Growing up is hard, emotions are harder, and for many children and adolescence, these struggles have us adults worrying about their happiness and how it is impacting their daily life and functioning. And if a child has experienced something traumatic, the struggle is 10-times harder. I am here to work with you, your child, and your family to create an experience that not only helps you child better understand themselves and their emotions, but also enhance the parent-child relationship. Together, as a cohesive unit, we work to create a treatment experience that is uniquely tailored to your family’s wants and needs.
(775) 542-9577 View (775) 542-9577
Photo of Erica Hunter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Erica Hunter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Las Vegas, NV 89128  (Online Only)
Most of my experience includes work with kids and adults who have been through a traumatic life event (ie; abuse, neglect, foster care placement, adoption, grief/loss, etc).
CURRENTLY OFFERING TELEHEALTH SERVICES. I am here to help you! If you are struggling with your mental health, you are not alone! According to the National Association of Mental Illness, 1 in every 5 Americans struggle with mental illness. My hope is that through the process of therapy, you can gain skills and tools needed to effectively take control of your life rather than have your mental health control you.
Most of my experience includes work with kids and adults who have been through a traumatic life event (ie; abuse, neglect, foster care placement, adoption, grief/loss, etc).
CURRENTLY OFFERING TELEHEALTH SERVICES. I am here to help you! If you are struggling with your mental health, you are not alone! According to the National Association of Mental Illness, 1 in every 5 Americans struggle with mental illness. My hope is that through the process of therapy, you can gain skills and tools needed to effectively take control of your life rather than have your mental health control you.
(725) 208-5192 View (725) 208-5192
Photo of Cami Ashby - Ascend Counseling & Wellness , Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Cami Ashby - Ascend Counseling & Wellness
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mesquite, NV 89027
I am licensed in Utah & Nevada. I see clients in both states through teletherapy & in person in Mesquite, NV. I enjoy working with a variety of populations such as elderly, children, adolescents, individuals, couples & families. I have experience in working with trauma, adoption & foster care, late adulthood transitions, cognitively challenged & autistic clients, domestic violence perpetrators and victims, addiction, grief, and more. What I have found is that those who come to therapy are the best experts for their situation and need a listening ear, a different perspective, and better tools for success in their life goals.
I am licensed in Utah & Nevada. I see clients in both states through teletherapy & in person in Mesquite, NV. I enjoy working with a variety of populations such as elderly, children, adolescents, individuals, couples & families. I have experience in working with trauma, adoption & foster care, late adulthood transitions, cognitively challenged & autistic clients, domestic violence perpetrators and victims, addiction, grief, and more. What I have found is that those who come to therapy are the best experts for their situation and need a listening ear, a different perspective, and better tools for success in their life goals.
(435) 246-4472 View (435) 246-4472
Photo of Melissa Morrison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Melissa Morrison
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89501
I employ a holistic therapeutic approach. The foundation of my work with individuals, couples, and families is my understanding that each person has a unique life experience, and brings a distinct perspective to the process. Providing services that span from therapy for relationship dissolution, and non-traditional relationships, anxiety and eating concerns, couples counseling and beyond. I have a special interest in adoption from start to finish, including the relationship you build with your adopted child. I offer Psychedelic Assisted Therapy and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy.
I employ a holistic therapeutic approach. The foundation of my work with individuals, couples, and families is my understanding that each person has a unique life experience, and brings a distinct perspective to the process. Providing services that span from therapy for relationship dissolution, and non-traditional relationships, anxiety and eating concerns, couples counseling and beyond. I have a special interest in adoption from start to finish, including the relationship you build with your adopted child. I offer Psychedelic Assisted Therapy and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy.
(775) 210-7521 View (775) 210-7521
Photo of Janet Nordine, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Janet Nordine
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, RPT-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Las Vegas, NV 89146
I am the only Registered Play Therapist Supervisor in private practice in Las Vegas. I enjoy working with children, adults, & families looking for a supportive environment where they will be seen as miraculous! I promise to reflect the preciousness within you & your children without judgment. I strive to be an ally for anyone navigating the complexities of life, trauma, & relationship challenges. I am an Adoption Competent Therapist & I understand the journey of foster care & adoption. I am dedicated to guiding individuals and families toward Las Vegas Play Therapy and Experience Courage Therapy and Consultation,
I am the only Registered Play Therapist Supervisor in private practice in Las Vegas. I enjoy working with children, adults, & families looking for a supportive environment where they will be seen as miraculous! I promise to reflect the preciousness within you & your children without judgment. I strive to be an ally for anyone navigating the complexities of life, trauma, & relationship challenges. I am an Adoption Competent Therapist & I understand the journey of foster care & adoption. I am dedicated to guiding individuals and families toward Las Vegas Play Therapy and Experience Courage Therapy and Consultation,
(725) 220-4828 View (725) 220-4828
Photo of Dr. Brittany Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nevada
Dr. Brittany Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, MFT, CPC, LPC
Verified Verified
Pahrump, NV 89048
Waitlist for new clients
Families dealing with transitional problems, marital and premarital counseling, mood disorders, foster children and adoption as well as junior sex offenders and victims.
There are no ideal clients that I am able to describe because all clients are all different. I don't treat one client the same as I treat the next, but all clients need a different treatment but will always receive the same genuine approach. Your goals and treatment goals can only work with the transcribing of the clients needs and the needs of the clients; which are my main focus.
Families dealing with transitional problems, marital and premarital counseling, mood disorders, foster children and adoption as well as junior sex offenders and victims.
There are no ideal clients that I am able to describe because all clients are all different. I don't treat one client the same as I treat the next, but all clients need a different treatment but will always receive the same genuine approach. Your goals and treatment goals can only work with the transcribing of the clients needs and the needs of the clients; which are my main focus.
(702) 956-9636 View (702) 956-9636
Photo of Constance Hightower LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Constance Hightower LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LCSW, LLC
Verified Verified
Sparks, NV 89436
My experience includes private practice and work with courts, state/county divisions of child and family welfare, foster care/ adoption, high schools and colleges, My expertise extends to adolescents and adults focusing on attachment, trauma, grief and loss, anger management, adjustment to sudden life changes, depression, anxiety, and parenting.
We are all involved in a constant effort to balance our lives; to restore belief in our own power to face challenges that are sometimes overwhelming. We want someone to hear our story in a safe and non-judgmental space in order to gain fresh insight into our own abilities and to recover from the initial feelings of helplessness and confusion. Individualized guidance, can lead to the discovery of one’s own strengths and a gradual movement towards solutions that can be developed, in partnership, to restore that balance that we all strive to maintain when challenges leave us without answers, defeated and feeling powerless.
My experience includes private practice and work with courts, state/county divisions of child and family welfare, foster care/ adoption, high schools and colleges, My expertise extends to adolescents and adults focusing on attachment, trauma, grief and loss, anger management, adjustment to sudden life changes, depression, anxiety, and parenting.
We are all involved in a constant effort to balance our lives; to restore belief in our own power to face challenges that are sometimes overwhelming. We want someone to hear our story in a safe and non-judgmental space in order to gain fresh insight into our own abilities and to recover from the initial feelings of helplessness and confusion. Individualized guidance, can lead to the discovery of one’s own strengths and a gradual movement towards solutions that can be developed, in partnership, to restore that balance that we all strive to maintain when challenges leave us without answers, defeated and feeling powerless.
(860) 497-4122 View (860) 497-4122
Photo of Logan J. Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Logan J. Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Reno, NV 89501
I specialize in the treatment of pediatric and adult trauma, grief/loss, attachment concerns/disorders, anxiety, PTSD, and pre/post adoption using a variety of techniques heavily grounded in research.
Your child has been struggling in school and at home and you worry that your child is not happy. Perhaps your child experienced something traumatic, or is struggling to cope with big emotions and life stressors. I am here to partner with you, your child and your family to create a personalized treatment plan that is tailored to you and your family’s unique needs and goals. Together we will cultivate healing and learning and move towards a daily life that is more comfortable and enjoyable for both children and adults.
I specialize in the treatment of pediatric and adult trauma, grief/loss, attachment concerns/disorders, anxiety, PTSD, and pre/post adoption using a variety of techniques heavily grounded in research.
Your child has been struggling in school and at home and you worry that your child is not happy. Perhaps your child experienced something traumatic, or is struggling to cope with big emotions and life stressors. I am here to partner with you, your child and your family to create a personalized treatment plan that is tailored to you and your family’s unique needs and goals. Together we will cultivate healing and learning and move towards a daily life that is more comfortable and enjoyable for both children and adults.
(775) 269-5248 View (775) 269-5248
Photo of Livia Ramalho, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Nevada
Livia Ramalho
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, LSW, MFT Int
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89146
Livia’s experience includes over 5 years working with children in the Las Vegas area in public and charter schools and with foster care, adoption and reunification.
Most of us never received any direction or map of how to manage the many situations that cross our path on the journey of building a family. Sometimes families are in need of a little adjustment of expectations or routine. Other times significant events can result in heart broken or traumatized children and adolescents, and feelings of helplessness for the whole family. Family systems can be made strong and resilient, capable of weathering the fiercest storms. Each child and family system is unique, and having someone caring and competent able to guide and support can be crucial.
Livia’s experience includes over 5 years working with children in the Las Vegas area in public and charter schools and with foster care, adoption and reunification.
Most of us never received any direction or map of how to manage the many situations that cross our path on the journey of building a family. Sometimes families are in need of a little adjustment of expectations or routine. Other times significant events can result in heart broken or traumatized children and adolescents, and feelings of helplessness for the whole family. Family systems can be made strong and resilient, capable of weathering the fiercest storms. Each child and family system is unique, and having someone caring and competent able to guide and support can be crucial.
(702) 903-4988 View (702) 903-4988
Photo of Amelia Sun Langkusch, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nevada
Amelia Sun Langkusch
Pre-Licensed Professional, CPC-I
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89145
I also work with adoptees, transracial adoptees, and the adoption constellation.
I studied Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Northwestern University, and currently offer counseling and therapy sessions to diverse individuals, teens, and families who seek to build core strength, and to shift behavioral and thinking patterns that no longer serve them. Clients learn tools to manage anxiety, depression, and trauma related stress. My collaborative, multicultural counseling approach centers on fostering emotional-spiritual safety through an integrative, mindful-somatic lens. Clients seek to elevate their self-understanding and self-acceptance so they may more fully embody their unique gifts, purpose, and calling.
I also work with adoptees, transracial adoptees, and the adoption constellation.
I studied Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Northwestern University, and currently offer counseling and therapy sessions to diverse individuals, teens, and families who seek to build core strength, and to shift behavioral and thinking patterns that no longer serve them. Clients learn tools to manage anxiety, depression, and trauma related stress. My collaborative, multicultural counseling approach centers on fostering emotional-spiritual safety through an integrative, mindful-somatic lens. Clients seek to elevate their self-understanding and self-acceptance so they may more fully embody their unique gifts, purpose, and calling.
(702) 518-1070 View (702) 518-1070
Photo of Creative Counseling , Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Creative Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, CA LMFT, NV MFT, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89506
Specialties include, Play Therapy (certified), Parent Child Interactive Therapy (certified), Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (certified), sand tray therapy, infant regulation, early childhood development (Master's Degree), Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist, Parenting, teenagers, animal assisted therapy, and foster/ adoption.
Ruth Pascale-Jones is a child development specialist and licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 35 years of experience with ages 0 to 21 years old. I specialize in Autism, ADHD, and Trauma. Using Play therapy, sand tray therapy, art therapy, bibliotherapy, and animal assisted therapy. I have been using this prescriptive therapeutic approach to meet the individual needs of each family that comes to me. For the past 10 years I have worked in Sacramento and Placer County, helping families heal and grow.
Specialties include, Play Therapy (certified), Parent Child Interactive Therapy (certified), Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (certified), sand tray therapy, infant regulation, early childhood development (Master's Degree), Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist, Parenting, teenagers, animal assisted therapy, and foster/ adoption.
Ruth Pascale-Jones is a child development specialist and licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 35 years of experience with ages 0 to 21 years old. I specialize in Autism, ADHD, and Trauma. Using Play therapy, sand tray therapy, art therapy, bibliotherapy, and animal assisted therapy. I have been using this prescriptive therapeutic approach to meet the individual needs of each family that comes to me. For the past 10 years I have worked in Sacramento and Placer County, helping families heal and grow.
(916) 234-5927 View (916) 234-5927
Photo of Willow Therapy Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Willow Therapy Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89109  (Online Only)
Reaching out for support is hard. You are brave for being here! My name is Julia Ewanowski. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and I also have my Masters of Public Health. I specialize in perinatal mental health, or mood and anxiety changes that happen before, during & after pregnancy, perinatal trauma, OCD, grief & loss, infertility, parenting struggles, adoption and relationship conflicts. I also treat the mental health conditions that can accompany chronic health conditions, health-related traumas, terminal illness & caregiver burnout.
Reaching out for support is hard. You are brave for being here! My name is Julia Ewanowski. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and I also have my Masters of Public Health. I specialize in perinatal mental health, or mood and anxiety changes that happen before, during & after pregnancy, perinatal trauma, OCD, grief & loss, infertility, parenting struggles, adoption and relationship conflicts. I also treat the mental health conditions that can accompany chronic health conditions, health-related traumas, terminal illness & caregiver burnout.
(385) 375-7250 View (385) 375-7250
Photo of Foothills Mental Health Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Foothills Mental Health Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89501
I am honored to offer you my experience with the fluid use of evidence-based practices and a sense of humor to help you find the skills, resources, and support systems you need to thrive. I work with unique family dynamics, trauma, social challenges, foster care & adoption issues, mood swings, dissociation, isolation, LGBTQ exploration, anxiety, depression, homelessness, stress, transitional adulthood and phase of life challenges, and more. I am a clinical social worker, fully licensed with the state of California and Nevada, with in person services in San Andreas, and virtual services available in both states.
I am honored to offer you my experience with the fluid use of evidence-based practices and a sense of humor to help you find the skills, resources, and support systems you need to thrive. I work with unique family dynamics, trauma, social challenges, foster care & adoption issues, mood swings, dissociation, isolation, LGBTQ exploration, anxiety, depression, homelessness, stress, transitional adulthood and phase of life challenges, and more. I am a clinical social worker, fully licensed with the state of California and Nevada, with in person services in San Andreas, and virtual services available in both states.
(209) 886-2870 View (209) 886-2870
Photo of Hannah L Ware, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Hannah L Ware
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, PM, LMFT, CCT
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89120
When feeling empowered is a vague memory - when you don't recognize yourself in the mirror - I totally understand. I've been there. Whether you are feeling distressed and overwhelmed, facing anxiety and depression or wanting to resolve past traumas, I will walk that journey with you. Together we will welcome the capriciousness of life as a pivotal part of your unique story.
When feeling empowered is a vague memory - when you don't recognize yourself in the mirror - I totally understand. I've been there. Whether you are feeling distressed and overwhelmed, facing anxiety and depression or wanting to resolve past traumas, I will walk that journey with you. Together we will welcome the capriciousness of life as a pivotal part of your unique story.
(279) 201-6179 View (279) 201-6179
Photo of Jennifer Gayan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nevada
Jennifer Gayan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89135
I have a kind, positive and open approach in supporting clients to reach their goals. My style is designed to address the whole picture and fit your unique circumstances.
I have a kind, positive and open approach in supporting clients to reach their goals. My style is designed to address the whole picture and fit your unique circumstances.
(702) 830-9315 View (702) 830-9315
Photo of Natasha Lazaro, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nevada
Natasha Lazaro
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Reno, NV 89511
I am currently taking new clients :)
I am currently taking new clients :)
(775) 258-3276 View (775) 258-3276
Photo of Jenni Peterson, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Nevada
Jenni Peterson
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MS
Verified Verified
Las Vegas, NV 89123
Accepting new clients! I believe you are the expert on yourself. I will collaborate with you to better understand and work through the challenges in your life so you can move forward with confidence. My goal is to provide you with the tools and insight you need to move beyond therapy with me and be able to resiliently address the problems that present themselves.
Accepting new clients! I believe you are the expert on yourself. I will collaborate with you to better understand and work through the challenges in your life so you can move forward with confidence. My goal is to provide you with the tools and insight you need to move beyond therapy with me and be able to resiliently address the problems that present themselves.
(702) 751-4747 View (702) 751-4747
Adoption Therapists

Does my adopted child need therapy?

Not every adopted child needs therapy. However, many can benefit from seeing an adoption-informed therapist, especially if they were victims of abuse or neglect, appear withdrawn or disconnected, have behavioral or developmental issues (which may or may not be related to their adoption), are struggling with feelings of grief or loss surrounding their birth parents, or find it difficult to establish an identity, a challenge that often becomes most apparent during adolescence.

When should adoptive parents seek therapy?

Prospective parents can benefit from therapy even before an adoption—for example, to voice worries and fears; to reconcile infertility struggles, if relevant; or simply to prepare themselves for parenthood. After the adoption, parents who are struggling to bond with their child; are unsure how to talk about adoption or related issues, such as race; or whose child is dealing with developmental, behavioral, or psychiatric concerns can address these and other issues with the help of an adoption-competent therapist.

Is family therapy appropriate for adoptive families?

Family therapy can be invaluable for strengthening the bond between adoptive parents and children, helping the latter feel more secure in their place in the family. Family therapy can also help adoptive families navigate complex communication issues—for example, parents who feel uncomfortable discussing race with their child, who in turn feels invalidated by their silence, or a child who has questions about his birth parents but avoids asking them out of fear of hurting his adoptive parents’ feelings.

What therapy is not appropriate for adoption issues?

A discredited therapy known as “attachment therapy” (sometimes called “holding therapy” or “rebirthing therapy”) should not be used to treat adopted and foster children, though it was largely designed for this population. Attachment therapy involves restraining, coercing, and punishing the child in order for them to “release” negative emotions and attach to their new caregivers—techniques that are abusive and dangerous and have even proven fatal in some cases.