Therapists in Portage, MI

Photo of Indira Kate Kalmbach, Counselor in Portage, MI
Indira Kate Kalmbach
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Whether your challenges are behavioral, cognitive, or emotional, the psychodynamic style of therapy helps you get back in touch with yourself and make decisions that are right for you. Indira combines mindfulness practices with modern psychotherapeutic techniques to help clients cope with a wide range of symptoms including trauma and traumatic stress, grief, anxiety, panic attacks, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorders. The people she works with come from a wide variety of backgrounds, ethnicities, income levels, education levels and sexual and gender identities.
Whether your challenges are behavioral, cognitive, or emotional, the psychodynamic style of therapy helps you get back in touch with yourself and make decisions that are right for you. Indira combines mindfulness practices with modern psychotherapeutic techniques to help clients cope with a wide range of symptoms including trauma and traumatic stress, grief, anxiety, panic attacks, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorders. The people she works with come from a wide variety of backgrounds, ethnicities, income levels, education levels and sexual and gender identities.
(269) 775-4262 View (269) 775-4262
Photo of Timothy Henson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Timothy Henson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC, MPH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49024
I specialize in recovery from trauma, substance use disorders, depression, and anxiety. I also work with mood disorders, self-esteem, and other life stressors. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I believe that therapy is a partnership. It is your life, your well-being, and your healing. I am here to provide a non-judgmental space, skills, and a structured approach to finding healing together.
I specialize in recovery from trauma, substance use disorders, depression, and anxiety. I also work with mood disorders, self-esteem, and other life stressors. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I believe that therapy is a partnership. It is your life, your well-being, and your healing. I am here to provide a non-judgmental space, skills, and a structured approach to finding healing together.
(269) 390-8574 View (269) 390-8574
Photo of Sarah Hayes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Sarah Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, IMH-E®, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Are you a parent who constantly feels worried, irritated, exhausted, or like you’ve lost yourself a bit? Maybe struggling with a difficult pregnancy, or with raising little ones? Perhaps you’re just feeling overwhelmed in general, doing all you can to get by each day. Certain seasons of life can be hard! I promise you don’t have to go through it alone. Your mental health matters, and you deserve a space where you feel safe, heard, and supported. While working together we can talk about life changes, coping with stress, improving your relationships, reconnecting with yourself, processing past trauma - whatever matters most to you!
Are you a parent who constantly feels worried, irritated, exhausted, or like you’ve lost yourself a bit? Maybe struggling with a difficult pregnancy, or with raising little ones? Perhaps you’re just feeling overwhelmed in general, doing all you can to get by each day. Certain seasons of life can be hard! I promise you don’t have to go through it alone. Your mental health matters, and you deserve a space where you feel safe, heard, and supported. While working together we can talk about life changes, coping with stress, improving your relationships, reconnecting with yourself, processing past trauma - whatever matters most to you!
(269) 215-2775 View (269) 215-2775
Photo of Elizabeth (Liesje) Brennan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Elizabeth (Liesje) Brennan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, DP-C
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49024  (Online Only)
Therapy can be quite difficult. Having a safe environment to talk about and process life's difficulties is so very important. It takes courage to seek a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards change. If you are ready to take that step I'm here to support and empower you. You can expect me to patiently walk with you through whatever difficulties you are facing and help you learn more about yourself, respect your uniqueness, and invest in your emotional well-being. I will hold space for you. I believe in the power of creativity to help us heal and grow.
Therapy can be quite difficult. Having a safe environment to talk about and process life's difficulties is so very important. It takes courage to seek a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards change. If you are ready to take that step I'm here to support and empower you. You can expect me to patiently walk with you through whatever difficulties you are facing and help you learn more about yourself, respect your uniqueness, and invest in your emotional well-being. I will hold space for you. I believe in the power of creativity to help us heal and grow.
(269) 247-7438 View (269) 247-7438
Photo of Patricia Gardenhire-Lamar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Patricia Gardenhire-Lamar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49024  (Online Only)
I believe that life experiences build character. The experiences can either stunt our growth and development, or we can blossom and flourish from them. I feel it is important for individuals to acknowledge when they are facing adversity, process their emotions, utilize their coping skills and move forward. My own life experiences motivated me to go into the social work field. Consequently, my goal is to help individuals cope and fight with the challenges they face, by providing them with tools, support, and encouragement. I would love the opportunity to work with you on your journey to a better quality of life.
I believe that life experiences build character. The experiences can either stunt our growth and development, or we can blossom and flourish from them. I feel it is important for individuals to acknowledge when they are facing adversity, process their emotions, utilize their coping skills and move forward. My own life experiences motivated me to go into the social work field. Consequently, my goal is to help individuals cope and fight with the challenges they face, by providing them with tools, support, and encouragement. I would love the opportunity to work with you on your journey to a better quality of life.
(269) 883-1841 View (269) 883-1841
Photo of Corinne Renee Graber, Marriage & Family Therapist in Portage, MI
Corinne Renee Graber
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49024
I specialize in relationships, with problems including trust issues, communication problems, infidelity, or other problems that occur within a relationship. I also specialize in anxiety and depression related to trauma. I graduated from Arizona State with a Master's in Marriage and Family Therapy in 2009 and am also trained in Emotional Focused Therapy (EFT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I work with couples, families, children, adolescents, elderly and individuals with diverse backgrounds. I believe therapy is a collective and transforming process in a supportive and non-judgmental environment.
I specialize in relationships, with problems including trust issues, communication problems, infidelity, or other problems that occur within a relationship. I also specialize in anxiety and depression related to trauma. I graduated from Arizona State with a Master's in Marriage and Family Therapy in 2009 and am also trained in Emotional Focused Therapy (EFT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I work with couples, families, children, adolescents, elderly and individuals with diverse backgrounds. I believe therapy is a collective and transforming process in a supportive and non-judgmental environment.
(269) 795-6681 View (269) 795-6681
Photo of Jennifer Lindsay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Jennifer Lindsay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MSEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49024
I work often with children, teens, college-age adults, and midlife adults. As a social worker, I know people are affected by their environment, at all levels. I walk alongside clients as they work through anxiety, depression, adjustment, and other stressors, and use a trauma-informed approach. I help children in a developmental manner and help parents navigate challenges. As former student affairs staff, I enjoy working with young adults who are transitioning to college or figuring out their lives in or after college. I also have a passion for working with those who are questioning their sexuality or gender identities.
I work often with children, teens, college-age adults, and midlife adults. As a social worker, I know people are affected by their environment, at all levels. I walk alongside clients as they work through anxiety, depression, adjustment, and other stressors, and use a trauma-informed approach. I help children in a developmental manner and help parents navigate challenges. As former student affairs staff, I enjoy working with young adults who are transitioning to college or figuring out their lives in or after college. I also have a passion for working with those who are questioning their sexuality or gender identities.
(269) 215-4834 View (269) 215-4834
Photo of Rhoda Hacker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Rhoda Hacker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
Rhoda Hacker is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years of experience. She works with diverse populations, including active duty and veteran service members. Personal, cultural, and social conditions including negative life events (big and small) can lead to behaviors or characteristics which are not helpful. Rhoda works with those having difficulty adjusting to life transitions and those who have experienced domestic violence, sexual abuse, childhood abuse, combat, and other traumas. These experiences can increase the risk of depression, anxiety, anger, and aggression in relationships.
Rhoda Hacker is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years of experience. She works with diverse populations, including active duty and veteran service members. Personal, cultural, and social conditions including negative life events (big and small) can lead to behaviors or characteristics which are not helpful. Rhoda works with those having difficulty adjusting to life transitions and those who have experienced domestic violence, sexual abuse, childhood abuse, combat, and other traumas. These experiences can increase the risk of depression, anxiety, anger, and aggression in relationships.
(269) 291-0674 View (269) 291-0674
Photo of Amanda Frey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Portage, MI
Amanda Frey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49024
Waitlist for new clients
2024 Update: I can take BCBS or self-pay, with availability about a week out (probably for a short time!). To stay true to my specialization and passion, I only accept new clients for relationship counseling purposes (or through a personalized referral). This can be for couples or individual counseling that centers around relationship issues. I also work closely with the queer community (LGBTQ+, nonmonogamy, kink-friendly, etc.), and I love helping clients create and maintain boundaries while becoming their authentic selves.
2024 Update: I can take BCBS or self-pay, with availability about a week out (probably for a short time!). To stay true to my specialization and passion, I only accept new clients for relationship counseling purposes (or through a personalized referral). This can be for couples or individual counseling that centers around relationship issues. I also work closely with the queer community (LGBTQ+, nonmonogamy, kink-friendly, etc.), and I love helping clients create and maintain boundaries while becoming their authentic selves.
(269) 244-3698 View (269) 244-3698
Photo of Rise Counseling Group & Holistic Wellness Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Rise Counseling Group & Holistic Wellness Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49024
First and foremost, kudos to you for prioritizing your self-care and wellness. My name is Elisabeth Bock and my practice is Rise Counseling Group & Holistic Wellness. My business partner and I opened Rise to create a safe and comfortable space for those seeking a holistic approach to addressing human experiences like anxiety and depression, relationship problems, life transitions, career/home/school stress, pressures of parenting, and grief. But Rise was also created with the intention to offer services to those who would like to focus on self-care, personal growth, and finding meaning and purpose. All are welcome here.
First and foremost, kudos to you for prioritizing your self-care and wellness. My name is Elisabeth Bock and my practice is Rise Counseling Group & Holistic Wellness. My business partner and I opened Rise to create a safe and comfortable space for those seeking a holistic approach to addressing human experiences like anxiety and depression, relationship problems, life transitions, career/home/school stress, pressures of parenting, and grief. But Rise was also created with the intention to offer services to those who would like to focus on self-care, personal growth, and finding meaning and purpose. All are welcome here.
(269) 215-2892 View (269) 215-2892
Photo of Ashley Nederveld, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Ashley Nederveld
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002  (Online Only)
I'm excited to be able to connect with clients from all over Michigan through telehealth, providing therapy from the comfort of your own space. My therapeutic approach is rooted in evidence-based treatments, tailored to your unique needs and experiences. I specialize in stress management, life transitions, women’s issues, perinatal mood disorders, anxiety, and depression. I believe in the power of therapy to help manage life's challenges and transitions, and I'm here to provide the support and tools you need to navigate these times.
I'm excited to be able to connect with clients from all over Michigan through telehealth, providing therapy from the comfort of your own space. My therapeutic approach is rooted in evidence-based treatments, tailored to your unique needs and experiences. I specialize in stress management, life transitions, women’s issues, perinatal mood disorders, anxiety, and depression. I believe in the power of therapy to help manage life's challenges and transitions, and I'm here to provide the support and tools you need to navigate these times.
(269) 421-0973 View (269) 421-0973
Photo of Chad Robert Westmaas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Chad Robert Westmaas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Counseling is deeply personal and relational in nature. I strive to create a place of safety and hope for all those who would seek counseling with me. I work to maintain a trauma informed and multicultural practice; meaning that I understand and am sensitive to the effects of trauma as well as the impact that culture has on the lives of my clients. As such I endeavor to practice in a way that welcomes and embraces individuals from all different backgrounds.
Counseling is deeply personal and relational in nature. I strive to create a place of safety and hope for all those who would seek counseling with me. I work to maintain a trauma informed and multicultural practice; meaning that I understand and am sensitive to the effects of trauma as well as the impact that culture has on the lives of my clients. As such I endeavor to practice in a way that welcomes and embraces individuals from all different backgrounds.
(269) 301-1245 View (269) 301-1245
Isabel Detwiler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49024
There are times in life when we feel lost, confused, or unsure, and are looking for guidance through these trying times, as well as someone to walk with us through the better times in life. Someone to talk to, who will accept us for who we are, will acknowledge our beliefs, values and morals, and will help us be our best selves. My goal, as a therapist, is to be that person for you. I aspire to provide a calm and empathetic environment where you can feel seen and heard, as we explore your needs and goals together.
There are times in life when we feel lost, confused, or unsure, and are looking for guidance through these trying times, as well as someone to walk with us through the better times in life. Someone to talk to, who will accept us for who we are, will acknowledge our beliefs, values and morals, and will help us be our best selves. My goal, as a therapist, is to be that person for you. I aspire to provide a calm and empathetic environment where you can feel seen and heard, as we explore your needs and goals together.
(269) 386-6141 View (269) 386-6141
Photo of Susan Muinch, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Susan Muinch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Sue Muinch is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Michigan who has been practicing since 2007. She has a Master's Degree in Counselor Education from Western Michigan University. Sue meets the client where they're at to help create a solid therapeutic alliance to motivate them to reach their goals. Sue listens with an open and empathic mind and treats people with an unconditional positive regard. Outside of work, Sue enjoys loves music, mainly classic rock and blues, and spending time in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan with friends and family.
Sue Muinch is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Michigan who has been practicing since 2007. She has a Master's Degree in Counselor Education from Western Michigan University. Sue meets the client where they're at to help create a solid therapeutic alliance to motivate them to reach their goals. Sue listens with an open and empathic mind and treats people with an unconditional positive regard. Outside of work, Sue enjoys loves music, mainly classic rock and blues, and spending time in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan with friends and family.
(269) 557-0330 View (269) 557-0330
Photo of Anna Eccleston, Counselor in Portage, MI
Anna Eccleston
Counselor, LLMFT, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49024
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients of all ages, genders, races, ethnicities, sexualities, and backgrounds. I strive to create a warm, supportive, and safe environment for you to share your experiences and concerns. I believe the purpose of counseling is to establish a helping relationship whereby I will collaboratively assists you in revealing and promoting your unlimited potential. I also feel that my primary role as a counselor to help you 1) move forward in constructive directions, 2) regain the faith to change and 3) use obstacles encountered in your life as opportunities for personal growth and development.
I work with clients of all ages, genders, races, ethnicities, sexualities, and backgrounds. I strive to create a warm, supportive, and safe environment for you to share your experiences and concerns. I believe the purpose of counseling is to establish a helping relationship whereby I will collaboratively assists you in revealing and promoting your unlimited potential. I also feel that my primary role as a counselor to help you 1) move forward in constructive directions, 2) regain the faith to change and 3) use obstacles encountered in your life as opportunities for personal growth and development.
(269) 301-1677 View (269) 301-1677
Photo of Alaina Knoedler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Alaina Knoedler
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Alaina Knoedler is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2017. Alaina firmly believes that healing is possible and can be found within each person that is willing to seek help! That being said, Alaina strives to first and foremost assist her clients in gaining deeper understanding and insight into what the main issues are that they are experiencing in their lives.
Alaina Knoedler is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2017. Alaina firmly believes that healing is possible and can be found within each person that is willing to seek help! That being said, Alaina strives to first and foremost assist her clients in gaining deeper understanding and insight into what the main issues are that they are experiencing in their lives.
(269) 257-2682 View (269) 257-2682
Photo of Nicole Pominville, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Nicole Pominville
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Waitlist for new clients
Counseling is a sensitive process that can help individuals to gain insight, and a deeper understanding of their life, as well as achieve their personal goals. I have always had an interest in working with children and believe that despite their small size, their lives may be filled with big emotions that can be tough to handle. In working with children I believe it’s important to connect with them on their level, meeting them where they are and using their language of play to guide growth and healing.
Counseling is a sensitive process that can help individuals to gain insight, and a deeper understanding of their life, as well as achieve their personal goals. I have always had an interest in working with children and believe that despite their small size, their lives may be filled with big emotions that can be tough to handle. In working with children I believe it’s important to connect with them on their level, meeting them where they are and using their language of play to guide growth and healing.
(269) 390-4005 View (269) 390-4005
Photo of Cassie Watts, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portage, MI
Cassie Watts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Portage, MI 49002
Cassie Watts is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Michigan. She has a passion for helping teens, adults, and seniors to navigate the complications that arise from depression, grief, parenting, self-esteem difficulties, and life transitional issues.
Cassie Watts is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Michigan. She has a passion for helping teens, adults, and seniors to navigate the complications that arise from depression, grief, parenting, self-esteem difficulties, and life transitional issues.
(269) 291-0982 View (269) 291-0982
Photo of Sarah Barr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Sarah Barr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
Taking the first steps towards seeking therapy can be a very difficult decision. Acknowledging there is something about you or your life that you would like to change or improve can be scary. No matter what the reason is, I would be honored to assist you in the journey towards lifelong change. I will provide a safe, supportive space for you, your child or your family to work towards reaching goals for growth and improvement. While working with me, you will be in a safe and supportive space that is judgement free. I belief that through hard work and motivation any family and/or individual can make the changes they strive for.
Taking the first steps towards seeking therapy can be a very difficult decision. Acknowledging there is something about you or your life that you would like to change or improve can be scary. No matter what the reason is, I would be honored to assist you in the journey towards lifelong change. I will provide a safe, supportive space for you, your child or your family to work towards reaching goals for growth and improvement. While working with me, you will be in a safe and supportive space that is judgement free. I belief that through hard work and motivation any family and/or individual can make the changes they strive for.
(269) 520-7968 View (269) 520-7968
Photo of Lauren Fesler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portage, MI
Lauren Fesler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portage, MI 49002
I strive to create an open space for you to share your story and be your authentic self. I will work to support you as you navigate your healing journey. You have the right to be heard, feel empowered, and have your beliefs acknowledged. I work off of the empowerment framework pulling techniques from different modalities to tailor sessions to clients’ specific needs
I strive to create an open space for you to share your story and be your authentic self. I will work to support you as you navigate your healing journey. You have the right to be heard, feel empowered, and have your beliefs acknowledged. I work off of the empowerment framework pulling techniques from different modalities to tailor sessions to clients’ specific needs
(616) 730-3383 View (616) 730-3383

See more therapy options for Portage

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Portage, MI

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Portage, MI who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Coping Skills
72% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Portage, MI see their clients

85% In Person and Online
15% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Portage?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.