Therapists in Fairfield, CT

Photo of Karina Andre, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Karina Andre
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06824
Welcome to the journey of self-discovery and healing! In Fairfield County, finding the perfect therapist can feel like searching for a needle in a haystack. Amidst the sea of profiles, you're seeking more than just understanding – you want tangible results and genuine compassion. The decision to embark on therapy is a courageous step, and I commend you for taking it. With 15 years of experience in psychotherapy and dual licensing as an LPC & LADC, I bring a wealth of expertise to the table.
Welcome to the journey of self-discovery and healing! In Fairfield County, finding the perfect therapist can feel like searching for a needle in a haystack. Amidst the sea of profiles, you're seeking more than just understanding – you want tangible results and genuine compassion. The decision to embark on therapy is a courageous step, and I commend you for taking it. With 15 years of experience in psychotherapy and dual licensing as an LPC & LADC, I bring a wealth of expertise to the table.
(203) 633-2052 View (203) 633-2052
Photo of Estephany Valerio-Negron, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Estephany Valerio-Negron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with managing symptoms of depression and PTSD after suffering from a traumatic experience? As a clinician I specialize in trauma work. I am a certified EMDR therapist. I also conduct psychological evaluations for immigration cases that includes asylum, VAWA, Visa T, and Visa U. I work closely with my clients and their attorneys with the goal of providing a detailed evaluation and ensuring that the evaluation is a full representation of you. I offer a quick turnaround time for my evaluations. I have been conducting psychological evaluations since 2017 and have worked closely with several attorneys.
Are you struggling with managing symptoms of depression and PTSD after suffering from a traumatic experience? As a clinician I specialize in trauma work. I am a certified EMDR therapist. I also conduct psychological evaluations for immigration cases that includes asylum, VAWA, Visa T, and Visa U. I work closely with my clients and their attorneys with the goal of providing a detailed evaluation and ensuring that the evaluation is a full representation of you. I offer a quick turnaround time for my evaluations. I have been conducting psychological evaluations since 2017 and have worked closely with several attorneys.
(203) 904-2874 View (203) 904-2874
Photo of Kara Yass, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Kara Yass
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MBA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06824
In seeking therapy, you may be addressing depression, anxiety or substance use. You may be looking to improve personal relationships, navigate a life transition or change behaviors that aren’t working for you. Whatever it may be, we can collaborate to meet your needs. As a therapist I am curious, non-judgmental, and honest. I bring a combination of warmth, practicality and a sense of humor. My approach to therapy is relational and trauma informed. I provide an affirming environment for people who are transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC).
In seeking therapy, you may be addressing depression, anxiety or substance use. You may be looking to improve personal relationships, navigate a life transition or change behaviors that aren’t working for you. Whatever it may be, we can collaborate to meet your needs. As a therapist I am curious, non-judgmental, and honest. I bring a combination of warmth, practicality and a sense of humor. My approach to therapy is relational and trauma informed. I provide an affirming environment for people who are transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC).
(475) 234-4054 View (475) 234-4054
Photo of Life Solutions, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Life Solutions, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824  (Online Only)
I stand firm in believing that therapy should be a safe, warm, supportive, and comfortable environment for individuals to heal and live better productive lives.
I stand firm in believing that therapy should be a safe, warm, supportive, and comfortable environment for individuals to heal and live better productive lives.
(475) 215-2932 View (475) 215-2932
Laney Altbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
I am a licensed clinical social worker with 30 years experience in the Fairfield County area .I work with older adolescents and adults that are dealing with a variety of emotional stress, including anxiety and depression, health issues, relationship issues and chronic mental illness. I treat individuals, couples and families. In order to accommodate those who are working, I have recently expanded my evening hours.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with 30 years experience in the Fairfield County area .I work with older adolescents and adults that are dealing with a variety of emotional stress, including anxiety and depression, health issues, relationship issues and chronic mental illness. I treat individuals, couples and families. In order to accommodate those who are working, I have recently expanded my evening hours.
(203) 633-2487 View (203) 633-2487
Photo of Richard S Shapiro, Psychologist in Fairfield, CT
Richard S Shapiro
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
Are you feeling anxious, angry, depressed, stressed, stuck, alone or misunderstood? Whether it's about loss, trauma, job, partner, school, friendships, children or aging parents, working with a psychologist can help. In the therapy process you can learn coping skills, safely express feelings, make changes and take action toward the kind of life you want. I offer consultation and therapy both in the office and through secure videoconferencing. I am licensed and accepting patients in CT, GA, and FL. For more information, visit my website at richardshapirophd.com.
Are you feeling anxious, angry, depressed, stressed, stuck, alone or misunderstood? Whether it's about loss, trauma, job, partner, school, friendships, children or aging parents, working with a psychologist can help. In the therapy process you can learn coping skills, safely express feelings, make changes and take action toward the kind of life you want. I offer consultation and therapy both in the office and through secure videoconferencing. I am licensed and accepting patients in CT, GA, and FL. For more information, visit my website at richardshapirophd.com.
(203) 872-9886 x1 View (203) 872-9886 x1
Photo of Dani Dimitrova, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Dani Dimitrova
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06825  (Online Only)
We repeat what we don’t repair. In life, you may find yourself facing the same challenges over and over again. Perhaps your once helpful solutions have turned into damaging patterns and you aren’t able to get the results that you want. I want to help you break through the hopelessness and gain understanding of what nourishes these unhelpful actions and create meaningful change. My intention is to empower individuals to develop tools to navigate and master their inner and outer worlds and create lasting change.
We repeat what we don’t repair. In life, you may find yourself facing the same challenges over and over again. Perhaps your once helpful solutions have turned into damaging patterns and you aren’t able to get the results that you want. I want to help you break through the hopelessness and gain understanding of what nourishes these unhelpful actions and create meaningful change. My intention is to empower individuals to develop tools to navigate and master their inner and outer worlds and create lasting change.
(475) 215-2652 View (475) 215-2652
Photo of Lake Serrins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Lake Serrins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist and licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) with a profound commitment to nurturing healthier relationships within individuals and families. Whether we connect digitally or in person, I will meet you where you are. I work with people experiencing anxiety, depression, issues with partners and spouses, parenthood, and navigating transitions like separation or divorce. I can help you and your family through heightened emotions to develop healthy communication and coping skills.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist and licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) with a profound commitment to nurturing healthier relationships within individuals and families. Whether we connect digitally or in person, I will meet you where you are. I work with people experiencing anxiety, depression, issues with partners and spouses, parenthood, and navigating transitions like separation or divorce. I can help you and your family through heightened emotions to develop healthy communication and coping skills.
(844) 325-0140 View (844) 325-0140
Photo of Diana Kral, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Diana Kral
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LADC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
Live Free represents our mission statement. It can be difficult to continue daily activities when we constantly worry about the future, dwell on our past and struggle with managing current stressors. Our passion in life is to help others live their life by having more control of one's thoughts, feelings, and physical well-being. We do this by providing support and using techniques such as EMDR, DBT, CBT, mindfulness, and motivational interviewing.
Live Free represents our mission statement. It can be difficult to continue daily activities when we constantly worry about the future, dwell on our past and struggle with managing current stressors. Our passion in life is to help others live their life by having more control of one's thoughts, feelings, and physical well-being. We do this by providing support and using techniques such as EMDR, DBT, CBT, mindfulness, and motivational interviewing.
(203) 665-8949 View (203) 665-8949
Photo of Mallory Bonarrigo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Mallory Bonarrigo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC, LCAT, MS
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06825
Compassion is a human instinct. Compassion creates connection. Humans need and deserve healthy, loving, and meaningful connection. If we are able to identify our unique values, and what drives our needs, we can create a life full of contentment, connection, and meaning. As a licensed professional counselor, I can help guide you toward your goals using both verbal and non-verbal techniques.
Compassion is a human instinct. Compassion creates connection. Humans need and deserve healthy, loving, and meaningful connection. If we are able to identify our unique values, and what drives our needs, we can create a life full of contentment, connection, and meaning. As a licensed professional counselor, I can help guide you toward your goals using both verbal and non-verbal techniques.
(203) 307-2917 View (203) 307-2917
Photo of Elizabeth Cobbs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Elizabeth Cobbs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06824
Not accepting new clients
A compassionate and dedicated therapist that is committed to provide my clients with support in a safe and non- judgmental space to share their needs and begin to work together towards their goals with empowerment to create a positive change that they desire. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, individuals and families who struggle with mental health concerns, trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety, behavioral challenges, Intimate partner violence, school challenges, parenting, and additional life stressors. I strive to support clients through difficult times and guide them into a healthier quality of life.
A compassionate and dedicated therapist that is committed to provide my clients with support in a safe and non- judgmental space to share their needs and begin to work together towards their goals with empowerment to create a positive change that they desire. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, individuals and families who struggle with mental health concerns, trauma, PTSD, depression, anxiety, behavioral challenges, Intimate partner violence, school challenges, parenting, and additional life stressors. I strive to support clients through difficult times and guide them into a healthier quality of life.
(203) 774-3031 View (203) 774-3031
Photo of Josey Politowicz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Josey Politowicz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06825  (Online Only)
Josey Politowicz has been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Connecticut since 2015. She has worked with adolescents and adults living with stress, various different trauma histories, substance abuse issues, and a variety of mental health issues. She is passionate about working with people to help them achieve living higher-quality lives. Josey completed her Master's degree in Social Work (MSW) at Southern Connecticut State University. She has worked with active duty and veteran military, dependents, those struggling with addiction, and various mental health issues since 2013.
Josey Politowicz has been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the state of Connecticut since 2015. She has worked with adolescents and adults living with stress, various different trauma histories, substance abuse issues, and a variety of mental health issues. She is passionate about working with people to help them achieve living higher-quality lives. Josey completed her Master's degree in Social Work (MSW) at Southern Connecticut State University. She has worked with active duty and veteran military, dependents, those struggling with addiction, and various mental health issues since 2013.
(475) 405-3938 View (475) 405-3938
Photo of Christopher Blagmon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Christopher Blagmon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPCA
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
It is a sign of courage, strength, and drive to seek therapy. We can start to enhance our relationships with others and our quality of life when we are driven to make changes. In order to improve clients' quality of life, I want to provide a secure and encouraging atmosphere where clients feel empowered to identify habits and pick up new, healthier coping mechanisms to help deal with traumas. I strive to raise self awareness while providing support and compassion so that clients can feel comfortable working through previous traumas, present stressors, and future concerns. ​
It is a sign of courage, strength, and drive to seek therapy. We can start to enhance our relationships with others and our quality of life when we are driven to make changes. In order to improve clients' quality of life, I want to provide a secure and encouraging atmosphere where clients feel empowered to identify habits and pick up new, healthier coping mechanisms to help deal with traumas. I strive to raise self awareness while providing support and compassion so that clients can feel comfortable working through previous traumas, present stressors, and future concerns. ​
(475) 255-6707 View (475) 255-6707
Photo of Alessandra Bryant, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Alessandra Bryant
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
My ideal client is one who values authenticity. What you see is what you get with me. I am highly trained in working with individuals as well as couples who want to be honest with themselves and each other and consider their own role(s) in the way their life and relationships are turning out. Whether it's managing anxiety or depression, recovering from an affair, pursuing an open relationship, or navigating the challenges of parenthood, I'll create a comforting space for you to work on whatever's on your mind. I welcome clients ages 13 and up, and love working with adolescents, adults, and couples.
My ideal client is one who values authenticity. What you see is what you get with me. I am highly trained in working with individuals as well as couples who want to be honest with themselves and each other and consider their own role(s) in the way their life and relationships are turning out. Whether it's managing anxiety or depression, recovering from an affair, pursuing an open relationship, or navigating the challenges of parenthood, I'll create a comforting space for you to work on whatever's on your mind. I welcome clients ages 13 and up, and love working with adolescents, adults, and couples.
(475) 251-7142 View (475) 251-7142
Photo of Michele Maggiore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Michele Maggiore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MSE, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06824
Hello! I am happy that you are ready to begin the next step in your journey! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor enthusiastic about helping you towards becoming your best! I work with adolescents, teens and adults to utilize a strength based model to help clients reach their full potential and the focus of my practice is to provide clients with a compassionate and supportive therapeutic environment. I am particularly interested in using cognitive behavioral approaches to help build self-esteem, self-awareness and healthy habits. I look at therapy as a collaboration and a gateway to future successes! Accepting adults & teens!
Hello! I am happy that you are ready to begin the next step in your journey! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor enthusiastic about helping you towards becoming your best! I work with adolescents, teens and adults to utilize a strength based model to help clients reach their full potential and the focus of my practice is to provide clients with a compassionate and supportive therapeutic environment. I am particularly interested in using cognitive behavioral approaches to help build self-esteem, self-awareness and healthy habits. I look at therapy as a collaboration and a gateway to future successes! Accepting adults & teens!
(475) 323-4465 View (475) 323-4465
Photo of Ranjana Hari, Pre-Licensed Professional in Fairfield, CT
Ranjana Hari
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
View
Photo of Jason Black, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Jason Black
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MDiv
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06825  (Online Only)
Are you tired all the time? Sad most days? Does the littlest thing take so much effort? Maybe you're snapping at loved ones and easy to anger? Are you constantly worried? Do you chew on the same negative thoughts over and over? Feel lost? Empty? Overwhelmed? Alone? Are you struggling to balance work and family and your own needs and feel like you are failing at all of them? Do you self-medicate with substances, food or unhealthy activities? It's time to do something about it! With telehealth it's easier than ever to start therapy!
Are you tired all the time? Sad most days? Does the littlest thing take so much effort? Maybe you're snapping at loved ones and easy to anger? Are you constantly worried? Do you chew on the same negative thoughts over and over? Feel lost? Empty? Overwhelmed? Alone? Are you struggling to balance work and family and your own needs and feel like you are failing at all of them? Do you self-medicate with substances, food or unhealthy activities? It's time to do something about it! With telehealth it's easier than ever to start therapy!
(475) 275-9109 View (475) 275-9109
Photo of Deborah Portnay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fairfield, CT
Deborah Portnay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
2 Endorsed
Fairfield, CT 06824
For the past 18 years, I have maintained a private practice in Fairfield, CT that specializes in individual and couples therapy. Providing a warm, compassionate and safe environment, I help my clients attain the personal growth they're striving for. My years of training and experience have given me a strong belief in the resilience people have and their capacity to develop new skills that will help them create a more emotionally satisfying life.
For the past 18 years, I have maintained a private practice in Fairfield, CT that specializes in individual and couples therapy. Providing a warm, compassionate and safe environment, I help my clients attain the personal growth they're striving for. My years of training and experience have given me a strong belief in the resilience people have and their capacity to develop new skills that will help them create a more emotionally satisfying life.
(203) 590-8604 View (203) 590-8604
Photo of Lisa Donohue-Olivieri, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fairfield, CT
Lisa Donohue-Olivieri
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LADC, CLAT, LPAT
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06824
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with women who are struggling with trauma and PTSD and people who have been impacted by painful and toxic relationships. I help people break free from negative self talk and self sabotage. I work individuals who want to feel seen, safe, and secure and who are looking for a therapist who can provide validation and support. I also help people learn how to feel more relaxed so they can make more intentional choices and gain confidence.
I specialize in working with women who are struggling with trauma and PTSD and people who have been impacted by painful and toxic relationships. I help people break free from negative self talk and self sabotage. I work individuals who want to feel seen, safe, and secure and who are looking for a therapist who can provide validation and support. I also help people learn how to feel more relaxed so they can make more intentional choices and gain confidence.
(203) 505-3063 View (203) 505-3063
Photo of Michael S. Cohen, Ph.D., ABPP, LLC, Psychologist in Fairfield, CT
Michael S. Cohen, Ph.D., ABPP, LLC
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP, FAACP
Verified Verified
Fairfield, CT 06825
Connecticut & New York neighbors, as we move past the Covid 19 crisis with the many worries that we have. I provide rehabilitation and neuropsychological services to children, adults, and elders with complex medial disabilities of the central nervous system including neuropsychological impairments associated with Covid 19 in children and adults. I provided medical and disability focused individual and family psychotherapy and counseling services. I maintain a national and international psychology and consultation practice.
Connecticut & New York neighbors, as we move past the Covid 19 crisis with the many worries that we have. I provide rehabilitation and neuropsychological services to children, adults, and elders with complex medial disabilities of the central nervous system including neuropsychological impairments associated with Covid 19 in children and adults. I provided medical and disability focused individual and family psychotherapy and counseling services. I maintain a national and international psychology and consultation practice.
(203) 456-2433 View (203) 456-2433

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fairfield, CT

500+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Fairfield, CT who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
69% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% Aetna
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
58% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Fairfield, CT see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fairfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.