Photo of Kiesha Collins, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Kiesha Collins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
Specializing in Trauma, ADHD, and LGBTQIA+ populations, I utilize an Internal Family Systems (IFS), Somatic Therapy, & EMDR treatment approach.
Struggles with past discomfort and challenging memories have been impacting your focus, connections, and day-to-day life. You feel trapped in patterns that have worn out their welcome, and breaking free on your own seems daunting. Navigating the intricate landscape of trauma requires a nuanced and compassionate approach. I recognize that trauma is a deeply personal experience, impacting individuals in multifaceted ways. It's more than a singular event; it can be the echoes of past wounds, the weight of unspoken stories, or the persistent influence of adverse experiences.
Specializing in Trauma, ADHD, and LGBTQIA+ populations, I utilize an Internal Family Systems (IFS), Somatic Therapy, & EMDR treatment approach.
Struggles with past discomfort and challenging memories have been impacting your focus, connections, and day-to-day life. You feel trapped in patterns that have worn out their welcome, and breaking free on your own seems daunting. Navigating the intricate landscape of trauma requires a nuanced and compassionate approach. I recognize that trauma is a deeply personal experience, impacting individuals in multifaceted ways. It's more than a singular event; it can be the echoes of past wounds, the weight of unspoken stories, or the persistent influence of adverse experiences.
(720) 782-8249 View (720) 782-8249
Photo of Becca Barry, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Becca Barry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Passionate Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to guiding individuals of all ages toward self-discovery and personal growth. Specializing in working with clients with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, learning disabilities, anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation needs. My ideal client is anyone seeking to unravel patterns hindering deep connections and striving to become the best version of themselves. I thrive on helping clients set and achieve goals, whether it's mastering the art of self-regulation, enhancing communication skills, fostering deeper relationships, or cultivating healthier habits.
Passionate Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to guiding individuals of all ages toward self-discovery and personal growth. Specializing in working with clients with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, learning disabilities, anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation needs. My ideal client is anyone seeking to unravel patterns hindering deep connections and striving to become the best version of themselves. I thrive on helping clients set and achieve goals, whether it's mastering the art of self-regulation, enhancing communication skills, fostering deeper relationships, or cultivating healthier habits.
(720) 650-0688 View (720) 650-0688
Photo of Healing Connections: Therapy Collective, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Healing Connections: Therapy Collective
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
We are a Colorado-based collective of therapists bringing our rich backgrounds together to help clients integrate and move through challenges. We provide diverse approaches to meet our clients needs and support them where they are. Our therapists support clients of all ages working with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, chronic illness, recovery, grief, as well as other challenges that can arise in everyday life. Each therapist brings their own unique perspective and experience to the therapeutic relationship, and all of our providers are dedicated to client-centered, trauma-informed care.
We are a Colorado-based collective of therapists bringing our rich backgrounds together to help clients integrate and move through challenges. We provide diverse approaches to meet our clients needs and support them where they are. Our therapists support clients of all ages working with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, chronic illness, recovery, grief, as well as other challenges that can arise in everyday life. Each therapist brings their own unique perspective and experience to the therapeutic relationship, and all of our providers are dedicated to client-centered, trauma-informed care.
(970) 715-8506 View (970) 715-8506
Photo of Katie O'Keefe, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Katie O'Keefe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
As a therapist I am passionate about what I do. I am here to create transformative and life-changing experiences with you and in your relationships. Therapy will facilitate self-discovery, new awareness and insights, while specific strategies will lead to personal growth and rewiring of the brain and nervous system. You will feel seen and heard and experience the security that is inherent within this confidential relationship. I work with adults dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, substance use, addiction, ADHD, shame, and grief/loss.
As a therapist I am passionate about what I do. I am here to create transformative and life-changing experiences with you and in your relationships. Therapy will facilitate self-discovery, new awareness and insights, while specific strategies will lead to personal growth and rewiring of the brain and nervous system. You will feel seen and heard and experience the security that is inherent within this confidential relationship. I work with adults dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, substance use, addiction, ADHD, shame, and grief/loss.
(720) 764-9342 View (720) 764-9342
Photo of Kimberly Donars, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Kimberly Donars
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
New Year, New Time to refresh yourself and your goals. I can support you or your older adolescent to live a happier, healthier life. Some of the many issues I've helped my clients with include: trouble focusing, feeling anxious, depressed, lethargic, overwhelmed, indecisive, chronic procrastination, issues with relationships, insomnia, ruminating/overthinking. Do you want to quit smoking or drinking? Exercise more? Would you like to fulfill more of your goals and dreams? Live a more creative and/or adventurous way? I can help you identify where you want to go.
New Year, New Time to refresh yourself and your goals. I can support you or your older adolescent to live a happier, healthier life. Some of the many issues I've helped my clients with include: trouble focusing, feeling anxious, depressed, lethargic, overwhelmed, indecisive, chronic procrastination, issues with relationships, insomnia, ruminating/overthinking. Do you want to quit smoking or drinking? Exercise more? Would you like to fulfill more of your goals and dreams? Live a more creative and/or adventurous way? I can help you identify where you want to go.
(720) 466-2785 View (720) 466-2785
Photo of Wild Minds Consutling, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Wild Minds Consutling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
Ideal clients seeking my guidance encompass a spectrum of individuals, couples, and families. Their issues span from personal struggles to relationship challenges. They seek understanding, connection, and strategies to navigate life's complexities. Their aspirations include finding harmony, fostering stronger bonds, and rediscovering purpose. By equipping them with tools and insights, I facilitate transformative journeys toward enhanced well-being and thriving relationships.
Ideal clients seeking my guidance encompass a spectrum of individuals, couples, and families. Their issues span from personal struggles to relationship challenges. They seek understanding, connection, and strategies to navigate life's complexities. Their aspirations include finding harmony, fostering stronger bonds, and rediscovering purpose. By equipping them with tools and insights, I facilitate transformative journeys toward enhanced well-being and thriving relationships.
(314) 310-0547 View (314) 310-0547
Photo of Rivkah Standig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 80302, CO
Rivkah Standig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
Accepting new clients, April 2024! Life can be a journey filled with twists and turns, and at times, it's easy to feel lost and disconnected. As a therapist specializing in serving marginalized individuals and relationships, I am committed to embracing the rich tapestry of human experiences. I recognize that the intersections of identities can shape unique challenges, and I’m here to provide a safe and inclusive space to explore them. Whether you're seeking to address trauma, find clarity in your identity, navigate relationships, or simply get started on a journey of self-improvement, I'm here to walk alongside you.
Accepting new clients, April 2024! Life can be a journey filled with twists and turns, and at times, it's easy to feel lost and disconnected. As a therapist specializing in serving marginalized individuals and relationships, I am committed to embracing the rich tapestry of human experiences. I recognize that the intersections of identities can shape unique challenges, and I’m here to provide a safe and inclusive space to explore them. Whether you're seeking to address trauma, find clarity in your identity, navigate relationships, or simply get started on a journey of self-improvement, I'm here to walk alongside you.
(720) 740-3673 View (720) 740-3673
Photo of S. Courtney Hunter, Clinical Social Work Candidate in 80302, CO
S. Courtney Hunter
Clinical Social Work Candidate, SWC, MSW, MHOD
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Today's professionals are often challenged by the myth of perfectionism, 24/7 work schedules, and having a side hustle. All to frequent, people are wiped out by balancing a fulltime job, family commitments, and escalating economic demands. In the midst of this doing, many have stretched themselves emotionally, psychologically, and physically without adequately supporting their own need for restoration. In fact, without mental wellbeing, healthy coping mechanisms, rest, and healing practices; our minds and bodies experience exhaustion. This type of mental and physical fatigue can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and burnout.
Today's professionals are often challenged by the myth of perfectionism, 24/7 work schedules, and having a side hustle. All to frequent, people are wiped out by balancing a fulltime job, family commitments, and escalating economic demands. In the midst of this doing, many have stretched themselves emotionally, psychologically, and physically without adequately supporting their own need for restoration. In fact, without mental wellbeing, healthy coping mechanisms, rest, and healing practices; our minds and bodies experience exhaustion. This type of mental and physical fatigue can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and burnout.
(720) 262-2340 View (720) 262-2340
Photo of Suzanne DeMontigny, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Suzanne DeMontigny
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
I work with clients who are experiencing problems that are typically long-standing, repetitive, and significantly interfering with their life. Some examples would include unsatisfying or unstable relationships, history of anxiety and depression, feeling they can't "be seen" or get their needs met, and living with emotional pain, chronic shame and disconnection from self. Client's often want to explore the impact of their early life and development, or focus on increasing their self-esteem and wellbeing, and many want to gain a deeper understanding of their patterns. Psychotherapy is an effective way to heal and live courageously.
I work with clients who are experiencing problems that are typically long-standing, repetitive, and significantly interfering with their life. Some examples would include unsatisfying or unstable relationships, history of anxiety and depression, feeling they can't "be seen" or get their needs met, and living with emotional pain, chronic shame and disconnection from self. Client's often want to explore the impact of their early life and development, or focus on increasing their self-esteem and wellbeing, and many want to gain a deeper understanding of their patterns. Psychotherapy is an effective way to heal and live courageously.
(720) 897-1292 View (720) 897-1292
Photo of Jeffrey James Howard, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Jeffrey James Howard
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
Are you ready to be transformed by this work? Are you ready for deep, lasting change? Do you have a nagging sense that there's more you need to experience & offer? If some or all of these are true of you, we may be a fit. If you're willing to humbly SHOW UP to the work, learn & grow, be accountable, especially when it's hard, let’s talk. I’m a guide, coach, & mentor that helps people like you find their soul's purpose & the work that’s yours to do, while cultivating more aliveness & deep, meaningful connections with those you're closest to & with the natural world. If this feels like you, reach out to me; we've got good work to do.
Are you ready to be transformed by this work? Are you ready for deep, lasting change? Do you have a nagging sense that there's more you need to experience & offer? If some or all of these are true of you, we may be a fit. If you're willing to humbly SHOW UP to the work, learn & grow, be accountable, especially when it's hard, let’s talk. I’m a guide, coach, & mentor that helps people like you find their soul's purpose & the work that’s yours to do, while cultivating more aliveness & deep, meaningful connections with those you're closest to & with the natural world. If this feels like you, reach out to me; we've got good work to do.
(720) 551-7457 View (720) 551-7457
Photo of Soraya Orr, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Soraya Orr
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MSEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
Have you found it difficult to cope lately? Are you struggling to get through each day? Far too often we struggle internally, not knowing where to turn. I believe that we all need an opportunity to understand ourselves, our experiences, and our relationships with greater clarity. I want to help you become a better problem solver no matter how big or small your problems are.
Have you found it difficult to cope lately? Are you struggling to get through each day? Far too often we struggle internally, not knowing where to turn. I believe that we all need an opportunity to understand ourselves, our experiences, and our relationships with greater clarity. I want to help you become a better problem solver no matter how big or small your problems are.
(720) 307-1164 View (720) 307-1164
Photo of Forrest Ray, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Forrest Ray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Forrest has sat with elders in their dying process, helped chauffeur young adults through the existential turmoil, and attended to the many others needs for compassion, authenticity, and simple humanity that many of us long for. In 2008, Forrest deployed to Iraq and witnessed first hand an incredible amount of suffering. This helped to awaken Forrest's heart to the dire need of care, compassion, and human kindness. Later, Forrest would go on to organize community events for homelessness, humanitarian crisis, healing through the arts and mindfulness practices. Forrest continues to strive toward a world of caring compassion for all.
Forrest has sat with elders in their dying process, helped chauffeur young adults through the existential turmoil, and attended to the many others needs for compassion, authenticity, and simple humanity that many of us long for. In 2008, Forrest deployed to Iraq and witnessed first hand an incredible amount of suffering. This helped to awaken Forrest's heart to the dire need of care, compassion, and human kindness. Later, Forrest would go on to organize community events for homelessness, humanitarian crisis, healing through the arts and mindfulness practices. Forrest continues to strive toward a world of caring compassion for all.
(720) 477-4189 View (720) 477-4189
Photo of Michele Gerard, Psychologist in 80302, CO
Michele Gerard
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Feeling more tired than usual, wondering how you are going to make it through the day? Are you frustrated with trying to achieve things you feel you should be able to do, but somehow can’t? Do you have thoughts and feelings of anxiety, anger, betrayal, shame, grief, or humiliation log jammed in your mind? You wish life could be better, but you can’t seem to find the path there on your own, even after doing your best. What if you could clear the log jam? Be kinder to yourself? Feel part of the world?
Feeling more tired than usual, wondering how you are going to make it through the day? Are you frustrated with trying to achieve things you feel you should be able to do, but somehow can’t? Do you have thoughts and feelings of anxiety, anger, betrayal, shame, grief, or humiliation log jammed in your mind? You wish life could be better, but you can’t seem to find the path there on your own, even after doing your best. What if you could clear the log jam? Be kinder to yourself? Feel part of the world?
(720) 410-6215 View (720) 410-6215
Photo of Dr. Leslie Alter, Psychologist Candidate in 80302, CO
Dr. Leslie Alter
Psychologist Candidate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Psychotherapy is a window for self-discovery. For me, this process centers around the therapeutic relationship. In collaboration, I can help you better understand historical patterns, with yourself and others, while creating a contained, consistent, and reparative relational experience. Through this exploration, we look beyond what exists on the surface to understand and address the root causes of challenging thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. This is how we can live our most authentic lives.
Psychotherapy is a window for self-discovery. For me, this process centers around the therapeutic relationship. In collaboration, I can help you better understand historical patterns, with yourself and others, while creating a contained, consistent, and reparative relational experience. Through this exploration, we look beyond what exists on the surface to understand and address the root causes of challenging thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. This is how we can live our most authentic lives.
(720) 707-2965 View (720) 707-2965
Photo of Abigail White, Registered Psychotherapist in 80302, CO
Abigail White
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, UP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
I specialize in using mindfulness-based approaches to treat clients struggling with general & social anxiety; depression; identity development; authentic self-expression & embodiment; coping with life transitions; identifying best choices for life path & finding one's purpose; integrating psychedelic or spiritual experiences; boundary setting; & communicating effectively in relationship. My approach to therapy focuses on empowering clients by to direct their life's course with confidence & know-how, providing skills for successful emotional regulation & creating therapeutic opportunities for developing self-knowledge & inner-wisdom.
I specialize in using mindfulness-based approaches to treat clients struggling with general & social anxiety; depression; identity development; authentic self-expression & embodiment; coping with life transitions; identifying best choices for life path & finding one's purpose; integrating psychedelic or spiritual experiences; boundary setting; & communicating effectively in relationship. My approach to therapy focuses on empowering clients by to direct their life's course with confidence & know-how, providing skills for successful emotional regulation & creating therapeutic opportunities for developing self-knowledge & inner-wisdom.
(720) 552-5968 View (720) 552-5968
Photo of Ray Findley, Clinical Social Work Candidate in 80302, CO
Ray Findley
Clinical Social Work Candidate, MSW, SWC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Your story holds immense value: your challenges, successes, hopes, fears, and joys. I am dedicated to partnering with individuals, guiding them from a state of self-doubt and confusion towards a life characterized by empowerment, connection, and joy. Together, we will delve into every facet of your humanity—your emotional, mental, physical, and spiritual dimensions—examining how your internal world as well as the external world has shaped your journey. I genuinely welcome the depth of your emotional experience, recognizing its significance in our exploration.
Your story holds immense value: your challenges, successes, hopes, fears, and joys. I am dedicated to partnering with individuals, guiding them from a state of self-doubt and confusion towards a life characterized by empowerment, connection, and joy. Together, we will delve into every facet of your humanity—your emotional, mental, physical, and spiritual dimensions—examining how your internal world as well as the external world has shaped your journey. I genuinely welcome the depth of your emotional experience, recognizing its significance in our exploration.
(303) 536-3868 View (303) 536-3868
Photo of Boulder Colorado Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 80302, CO
Boulder Colorado Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Samuel Dunlap, LSW is a Leadership Development Consultant, Team Innovation Facilitator, and Integral Depth Psychotherapist. He partners with startup executives, leaders, and facilitators to develop critical leadership skills, advance innovation & value creation, enhance learning & attention, and find their distinctive edge to authentically take their work to the next level. Samuel's curiosity, wisdom, and passion for deep collaboration empowers leaders to unearth a reservoir of inner creative power, inspiring a radical transformation of once-unimaginable possibilities into real-world achievements.
Samuel Dunlap, LSW is a Leadership Development Consultant, Team Innovation Facilitator, and Integral Depth Psychotherapist. He partners with startup executives, leaders, and facilitators to develop critical leadership skills, advance innovation & value creation, enhance learning & attention, and find their distinctive edge to authentically take their work to the next level. Samuel's curiosity, wisdom, and passion for deep collaboration empowers leaders to unearth a reservoir of inner creative power, inspiring a radical transformation of once-unimaginable possibilities into real-world achievements.
(720) 218-0788 View (720) 218-0788
Photo of Abigail Lubahn Somatic Counseling, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Abigail Lubahn Somatic Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
I believe the therapeutic relationship serves as a catalyst for understanding where we come from, and how our survival strategies and coping skills have benefitted us in the past, while also shining a light on which ones may be due for an upgrade. With a witness, and using principles of somatic therapy we can begin to excavate the limiting beliefs taking up valuable real estate in our psyche and put in motion an upshift of our self-concept. The therapeutic container acts as a vessel in which to recontextualize who we have been, who we are now and who we want to become.
I believe the therapeutic relationship serves as a catalyst for understanding where we come from, and how our survival strategies and coping skills have benefitted us in the past, while also shining a light on which ones may be due for an upgrade. With a witness, and using principles of somatic therapy we can begin to excavate the limiting beliefs taking up valuable real estate in our psyche and put in motion an upshift of our self-concept. The therapeutic container acts as a vessel in which to recontextualize who we have been, who we are now and who we want to become.
(720) 743-5303 View (720) 743-5303
Photo of Amy Maxwell, Licensed Professional Counselor in 80302, CO
Amy Maxwell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCAT, ATR-BC, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals who are experiencing depression, anxiety, and Complex PTSD, especially those who feel emotionally overwhelmed, have difficulty setting boundaries, feel disconnected from themselves, and struggle with rescuing/fixing others at their expense. I have a passion for working with those struggling with codependency and perfectionism, including patterns of self-abandonment, avoidance, low self-esteem, denial, control, and compliance in relationships. I assist in existential exploration of purpose, meaning, values and identity. I am LGBTQ+ affirming and actively work towards fostering an anti-oppressive lens.
I work with individuals who are experiencing depression, anxiety, and Complex PTSD, especially those who feel emotionally overwhelmed, have difficulty setting boundaries, feel disconnected from themselves, and struggle with rescuing/fixing others at their expense. I have a passion for working with those struggling with codependency and perfectionism, including patterns of self-abandonment, avoidance, low self-esteem, denial, control, and compliance in relationships. I assist in existential exploration of purpose, meaning, values and identity. I am LGBTQ+ affirming and actively work towards fostering an anti-oppressive lens.
(720) 702-8295 View (720) 702-8295
Photo of Blossom Holistic Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 80302, CO
Blossom Holistic Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
Do you feel burnt out from trying to make people happy? Do relationships make you feel anxious? Do you want change but just feel "stuck"? If this resonates with you, I may be the therapist for you! I am Danielle Oliver and the owner of Blossom Holistic Therapy. I specialize in treating individuals with symptoms of anxiety, past trauma, and relationship issues. I enjoy working with grief/loss (including pet loss), depression, spirituality, creatives, and empaths or highly sensitive people (HSP's). I also have passion for those working in helping professions struggling with compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma.
Do you feel burnt out from trying to make people happy? Do relationships make you feel anxious? Do you want change but just feel "stuck"? If this resonates with you, I may be the therapist for you! I am Danielle Oliver and the owner of Blossom Holistic Therapy. I specialize in treating individuals with symptoms of anxiety, past trauma, and relationship issues. I enjoy working with grief/loss (including pet loss), depression, spirituality, creatives, and empaths or highly sensitive people (HSP's). I also have passion for those working in helping professions struggling with compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma.
(720) 734-6074 View (720) 734-6074
ADHD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for ADHD?

You should seek treatment for ADHD if you consistently have difficulty with attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that interferes with your daily life. Symptoms of ADHD include the inability to sustain attention during tasks, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, being easily distracted, frequent fidgeting or squirming, and talking or interrupting excessively. If these symptoms interfere with your career, academics, or relationships—for example, consistently failing to complete professional projects on time—you should seek an evaluation for ADHD.

How does treatment for ADHD work?

Effective treatment for ADHD often consists of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. Stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin work by altering levels of neurotransmitters in the brain; higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine are known to improve attention and focus. Therapy works by helping people with ADHD understand the condition, discuss their areas of difficulty, and develop behavioral strategies to manage their symptoms. In some cases, modifying one’s diet and exercise can also help improve symptoms.

Are there specific medications for ADHD?

Medications to treat ADHD are generally stimulants, the most common are Adderall and Ritalin. There are two categories of stimulants: Amphetamines include Adderall, Dyanavel, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, and methylphenidates include Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Focalin, Quillichew, Quillivant, and Metadate. Non-stimulants and antidepressants may be used as an alternative if stimulants aren’t effective or viable for a particular patient.

How long does treatment for ADHD take?

It’s tough to give an exact time frame because everyone varies. In terms of medications, stimulants begin to work very soon after you take them, generally within the hour. It may take time to identify the right medication and dosage, but the medication itself is fast-acting. In terms of therapy, it takes time to develop skills and put them into practice, but you will likely see improvements within a few weeks or months.