Therapists in Sugar Land, TX

Photo of Nanette Laura Masterson, LPC Intern in Sugar Land, TX
Nanette Laura Masterson
LPC Intern, MA, LPC, CCPS-C
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Do you feel overwhelmed with fears and uncertainties? Do you need help with your struggles of everyday life? I desire to come alongside you and help you navigate this difficult time. It will be my privilege to walk with you as you learn and realize new skills for dealing with your circumstances. You will be provided practical strategies and tools that will help you acquire the skills to achieve your goal(s). As a counselor of faith, I look forward to helping you grow and find hope as you walk handle the daily ups and downs of life. I am available to meet with you through telehealth or in person.
Do you feel overwhelmed with fears and uncertainties? Do you need help with your struggles of everyday life? I desire to come alongside you and help you navigate this difficult time. It will be my privilege to walk with you as you learn and realize new skills for dealing with your circumstances. You will be provided practical strategies and tools that will help you acquire the skills to achieve your goal(s). As a counselor of faith, I look forward to helping you grow and find hope as you walk handle the daily ups and downs of life. I am available to meet with you through telehealth or in person.
(281) 920-1090 View (281) 920-1090
Photo of Dana S Smith, Licensed Master Social Worker in Sugar Land, TX
Dana S Smith
Licensed Master Social Worker, PhD, LMSW, MPA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77479
You deserve to feel loved, valued, and worthy of what life has to offer. Sometimes getting to this place requires someone to be in solidarity with you, to help you process your thoughts, identify obstacles, embrace new behaviors, and adopt new ways of living and being. I am passionate about working with adults who are experiencing life transitions, balancing family, school, and/or work responsibilities as well as those experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, or grief. I am also passionate about working with individuals that come from family traditions that may have caused them to shy away from therapy.
You deserve to feel loved, valued, and worthy of what life has to offer. Sometimes getting to this place requires someone to be in solidarity with you, to help you process your thoughts, identify obstacles, embrace new behaviors, and adopt new ways of living and being. I am passionate about working with adults who are experiencing life transitions, balancing family, school, and/or work responsibilities as well as those experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, or grief. I am also passionate about working with individuals that come from family traditions that may have caused them to shy away from therapy.
(346) 988-2174 View (346) 988-2174
Photo of Kelly Adams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Kelly Adams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Is your child or teen struggling to adjust to a recent change or loss? Or have you perhaps noticed that your child is having a hard time coping with a past trauma or stress? Maybe that light you used to see in them as a younger child seems like it has slowly started to fade as depression, anxiety, self-esteem, anger, or challenging behaviors take over. Whether you have just started looking for support or it feels like you have tried just about everything to help your child, you and I can partner together to help your child heal and harness their unique strengths to live life to their fullest potential.
Is your child or teen struggling to adjust to a recent change or loss? Or have you perhaps noticed that your child is having a hard time coping with a past trauma or stress? Maybe that light you used to see in them as a younger child seems like it has slowly started to fade as depression, anxiety, self-esteem, anger, or challenging behaviors take over. Whether you have just started looking for support or it feels like you have tried just about everything to help your child, you and I can partner together to help your child heal and harness their unique strengths to live life to their fullest potential.
(346) 988-2118 View (346) 988-2118
Photo of Alicia Barber, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Alicia Barber
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Are you struggling with relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, life transitions, or grief? My relational and compassionate psychotherapy can help you overcome these challenges to be able to have a more positive relationship with yourself.
Are you struggling with relationship challenges, anxiety, depression, life transitions, or grief? My relational and compassionate psychotherapy can help you overcome these challenges to be able to have a more positive relationship with yourself.
(281) 277-8811 View (281) 277-8811
Photo of Sugar Land Psychological Associates, Psychologist in Sugar Land, TX
Sugar Land Psychological Associates
Psychologist, PsyD, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77479  (Online Only)
As a group of psychologists, we work with people who are no longer doing things that bring them joy or that aligns with their values, and may feel overwhelming emotions. We often help people who struggle with depression, substance use, anxiety, OCD, panic, and insomnia. We especially enjoy working with people of the LGBTQI+ community. Together, we help our patients re-balance their lives and find ways to connect with the people and passions that define their lives.
As a group of psychologists, we work with people who are no longer doing things that bring them joy or that aligns with their values, and may feel overwhelming emotions. We often help people who struggle with depression, substance use, anxiety, OCD, panic, and insomnia. We especially enjoy working with people of the LGBTQI+ community. Together, we help our patients re-balance their lives and find ways to connect with the people and passions that define their lives.
(281) 843-1689 View (281) 843-1689
Photo of Couples Therapy - Joan Marianne Cordova, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Couples Therapy - Joan Marianne Cordova
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPC, MA, Spanish, English
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
If you are here because you are struggling with your marriage or a close relationship and you don’t know how to make things better, I want to help. I specialize in working with couples, families, and individuals who are seeking to have a better relationship but don't have the tools and guidance in how to get there. My goal is to walk with you in the journey towards healing and restoration, and to help you rebuild trust, friendship, healthy communication, & mutual love and respect. Here at Roots of Hope Counseling our desire is to restore marital & family relationships and help individuals feel peaceful, confident, & fulfilled.
If you are here because you are struggling with your marriage or a close relationship and you don’t know how to make things better, I want to help. I specialize in working with couples, families, and individuals who are seeking to have a better relationship but don't have the tools and guidance in how to get there. My goal is to walk with you in the journey towards healing and restoration, and to help you rebuild trust, friendship, healthy communication, & mutual love and respect. Here at Roots of Hope Counseling our desire is to restore marital & family relationships and help individuals feel peaceful, confident, & fulfilled.
(832) 589-1625 View (832) 589-1625
Photo of Heather Higbee Woods, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Heather Higbee Woods
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77478
It was during college that I first experienced the counseling profession as a client. At that time, I struggled with an eating disorder and anxiety. Thanks to great counseling, I fully recovered. It's there that I developed a passion for sharing my experience. I am able to meet clients where they are in their journey because I understand the process of healing. I walk alongside with hope and encouragement.
It was during college that I first experienced the counseling profession as a client. At that time, I struggled with an eating disorder and anxiety. Thanks to great counseling, I fully recovered. It's there that I developed a passion for sharing my experience. I am able to meet clients where they are in their journey because I understand the process of healing. I walk alongside with hope and encouragement.
(281) 301-5803 View (281) 301-5803
Photo of Houston Center for Christian Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Houston Center for Christian Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Life can be really hard. We can help. Serving the Houston area and the State of Texas since 1981 with clinical excellence, we provide a warm, therapeutic, and inviting atmosphere. We see children 2 and up, teens, and adults. Through integrating our faith and clinical training, we offer biblically sound and psychologically skilled approaches to life’s struggles. Meeting clients where they are, we walk alongside in order to hear and help in a way that brings about lasting change. Our doors are open to clients from all religious, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. We meet in person and virtually.
Life can be really hard. We can help. Serving the Houston area and the State of Texas since 1981 with clinical excellence, we provide a warm, therapeutic, and inviting atmosphere. We see children 2 and up, teens, and adults. Through integrating our faith and clinical training, we offer biblically sound and psychologically skilled approaches to life’s struggles. Meeting clients where they are, we walk alongside in order to hear and help in a way that brings about lasting change. Our doors are open to clients from all religious, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. We meet in person and virtually.
(832) 793-6597 View (832) 793-6597
Photo of Amanda Pike, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Amanda Pike
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77479  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Amanda, and I appreciate your interest. Are you currently feeling overwhelmed, angry, or out of control in your relationships? Do you struggle with sleeping, enjoying life, or accomplishing tasks? Are you finding it challenging to manage parenting responsibilities and your child/teen's behavior? Sometimes life can feel like too much, and it can be difficult to find genuine solutions to these stressors. As a fully licensed therapist since 1998, my mission is to help clients enhance their overall life satisfaction.
Hello, my name is Amanda, and I appreciate your interest. Are you currently feeling overwhelmed, angry, or out of control in your relationships? Do you struggle with sleeping, enjoying life, or accomplishing tasks? Are you finding it challenging to manage parenting responsibilities and your child/teen's behavior? Sometimes life can feel like too much, and it can be difficult to find genuine solutions to these stressors. As a fully licensed therapist since 1998, my mission is to help clients enhance their overall life satisfaction.
(832) 979-6247 View (832) 979-6247
Photo of Marcia D Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Marcia D Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Hello, my name is Marcia Smith, EdD., LPC. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and owner of The Release Center. I provide services for the state of Texas. Life is full of surprises and transitions resolved with feelings of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and/or grief. As a clinician, it is my pleasure to collaborate finding your way during these moments. I provide a safe space to explore your emotions, as well as, navigate possible resolutions.
Hello, my name is Marcia Smith, EdD., LPC. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and owner of The Release Center. I provide services for the state of Texas. Life is full of surprises and transitions resolved with feelings of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and/or grief. As a clinician, it is my pleasure to collaborate finding your way during these moments. I provide a safe space to explore your emotions, as well as, navigate possible resolutions.
(281) 524-3265 View (281) 524-3265
Photo of Dr. Leah A. McCoy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Dr. Leah A. McCoy
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
I am passionate about creating a safe space for adult individuals and couples to explore life's challenges and their path towards intentional living and fulfilling relationships. My areas of interest and expertise include individual, pre-marital, couples, sexual health and dysfunction therapy, affair recovery, infertility, effective communication and conflict resolution, Spirituality-sensitive therapy, and relationship enrichment. I offer psychotherapy for various concerns and client populations, including high achievers, and members of helping professions (i.e., psychotherapists, medical professionals, educators, & entrepreneurs).
I am passionate about creating a safe space for adult individuals and couples to explore life's challenges and their path towards intentional living and fulfilling relationships. My areas of interest and expertise include individual, pre-marital, couples, sexual health and dysfunction therapy, affair recovery, infertility, effective communication and conflict resolution, Spirituality-sensitive therapy, and relationship enrichment. I offer psychotherapy for various concerns and client populations, including high achievers, and members of helping professions (i.e., psychotherapists, medical professionals, educators, & entrepreneurs).
(281) 247-6717 View (281) 247-6717
Photo of Romana Ahmed, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Romana Ahmed
Marriage & Family Therapist, MBA, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478  (Online Only)
Our human experience is to face ease and hardship throughout our lives, with the ebb and flow of anxiety and calm, depression and joy, grief and comfort. Sometimes we can feel stuck, in ourselves and in our relationships. It is through compassionate yet oftentimes difficult introspection that we better understand the essence of who we are. It is from this place of self-awareness that we are able to learn, grow, and practice intentional, purposeful, mindful ways of being with ourselves and with others.
Our human experience is to face ease and hardship throughout our lives, with the ebb and flow of anxiety and calm, depression and joy, grief and comfort. Sometimes we can feel stuck, in ourselves and in our relationships. It is through compassionate yet oftentimes difficult introspection that we better understand the essence of who we are. It is from this place of self-awareness that we are able to learn, grow, and practice intentional, purposeful, mindful ways of being with ourselves and with others.
(346) 258-5983 View (346) 258-5983
Photo of Kamau Richard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Kamau Richard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77479
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience helping people deal with situations such as exploring career goals, managing grief and anxiety (including PTSD), handling addiction issues, improving communication skills and working together as a team or couple. I am also Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist with 9 years experience helping people in their efforts to quit smoking.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience helping people deal with situations such as exploring career goals, managing grief and anxiety (including PTSD), handling addiction issues, improving communication skills and working together as a team or couple. I am also Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist with 9 years experience helping people in their efforts to quit smoking.
(832) 415-3391 View (832) 415-3391
Photo of Angela Rasmuson, Licensed Master Social Worker in Sugar Land, TX
Angela Rasmuson
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77479
Dedicated child and adolescent counselor passionate about empowering young minds to navigate the challenges of growing up. Committed to creating a safe, supportive space where each child can discover their strengths, overcome obstacles, and flourish. Through genuine connection and tailored interventions, I strive to inspire confidence and resilience, guiding the next generation toward a brighter and more fulfilling future. Flexible and convenient nights and weekend appointments are now available! In-person and virtual.
Dedicated child and adolescent counselor passionate about empowering young minds to navigate the challenges of growing up. Committed to creating a safe, supportive space where each child can discover their strengths, overcome obstacles, and flourish. Through genuine connection and tailored interventions, I strive to inspire confidence and resilience, guiding the next generation toward a brighter and more fulfilling future. Flexible and convenient nights and weekend appointments are now available! In-person and virtual.
(346) 639-4347 View (346) 639-4347
Photo of Geri Beard-Chaney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sugar Land, TX
Geri Beard-Chaney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Geri Beard-Chaney is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Supervisor in Texas who has been practicing since 2001. She obtained her Master's Degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagne. Her experience spans more than 30 years in Psychiatry in inpatient care as well as outpatient mental health services. Geri sees adults individually as well as families, and groups. She enjoys working with a range of behavioral health issues including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, personality disorders, and trauma.
Geri Beard-Chaney is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Supervisor in Texas who has been practicing since 2001. She obtained her Master's Degree in Social Work from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagne. Her experience spans more than 30 years in Psychiatry in inpatient care as well as outpatient mental health services. Geri sees adults individually as well as families, and groups. She enjoys working with a range of behavioral health issues including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, personality disorders, and trauma.
(346) 483-3842 View (346) 483-3842
Photo of Nursel Coskuner-Turkakin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sugar Land, TX
Nursel Coskuner-Turkakin
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Not accepting new clients
My ideal client is someone who is open-minded and willing to reach into themself to rediscover this actualization tendency. I appreciate a client who is open to self-exploration, personal growth, and collaboration in the therapeutic process. I love working with people who may be struggling with their identities, relationships, and attachments. Dealing with such issues can feel hopeless and isolating to many people, especially those who do not receive adequate support and validation.
My ideal client is someone who is open-minded and willing to reach into themself to rediscover this actualization tendency. I appreciate a client who is open to self-exploration, personal growth, and collaboration in the therapeutic process. I love working with people who may be struggling with their identities, relationships, and attachments. Dealing with such issues can feel hopeless and isolating to many people, especially those who do not receive adequate support and validation.
(346) 746-7145 View (346) 746-7145
Photo of Paul J Clear, Psychologist in Sugar Land, TX
Paul J Clear
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478  (Online Only)
My services include therapy, psychological testing and evaluation. I work with teens and adults, and my specialty areas include ADHD, anxiety and depression.
My services include therapy, psychological testing and evaluation. I work with teens and adults, and my specialty areas include ADHD, anxiety and depression.
(281) 612-5763 View (281) 612-5763
Photo of Dr. Natassia Johnson, Psychologist in Sugar Land, TX
Dr. Natassia Johnson
Psychologist, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
We all need a soft place to fall… a place where we can begin to unravel the mysteries of our life… a place where we can begin to hope that things can be different. You deserve a chance to move through the world with less pain and a belief that you’re not wasting your precious time on this earth. Do you know what needs to be done but you’re struggling with doing it? Are you lost in how to make things better and need help with where to start? Have you started making changes and want support along the way?
We all need a soft place to fall… a place where we can begin to unravel the mysteries of our life… a place where we can begin to hope that things can be different. You deserve a chance to move through the world with less pain and a belief that you’re not wasting your precious time on this earth. Do you know what needs to be done but you’re struggling with doing it? Are you lost in how to make things better and need help with where to start? Have you started making changes and want support along the way?
(281) 502-4574 View (281) 502-4574
Photo of Amanda Trost- Solace Counseling And Coaching, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Amanda Trost- Solace Counseling And Coaching
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
Assisting adults and teens in managing anxiety and depression, achieving work-life balance, perfectionism, people pleasing, and navigating the journey of healing from childhood trauma, estrangements, and complex family dynamics. Therapy can be beneficial in addressing issues such as overwhelming or misplaced guilt, stress related to academics or employment, prioritizing others' needs over one's own, fear of abandonment, establishing healthy personal and professional boundaries, setting goals, and processing traumatic experiences.
Assisting adults and teens in managing anxiety and depression, achieving work-life balance, perfectionism, people pleasing, and navigating the journey of healing from childhood trauma, estrangements, and complex family dynamics. Therapy can be beneficial in addressing issues such as overwhelming or misplaced guilt, stress related to academics or employment, prioritizing others' needs over one's own, fear of abandonment, establishing healthy personal and professional boundaries, setting goals, and processing traumatic experiences.
(346) 567-7162 View (346) 567-7162
Photo of Britni Andrews, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sugar Land, TX
Britni Andrews
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478  (Online Only)
Here we honor and hold space for your unique life experiences and intersections of identity on this journey. In this space, you can explore who you are and acknowledge yourself becoming aware of your potential to grow and thrive. I will assist you in crafting a sound plan to accomplish your goals, including cognitive behavioral and mindfulness techniques to strengthen your understanding of the connection between your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. “Now- Let’s put it to work!” is a phrase you often hear while moving forward on your journey.
Here we honor and hold space for your unique life experiences and intersections of identity on this journey. In this space, you can explore who you are and acknowledge yourself becoming aware of your potential to grow and thrive. I will assist you in crafting a sound plan to accomplish your goals, including cognitive behavioral and mindfulness techniques to strengthen your understanding of the connection between your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. “Now- Let’s put it to work!” is a phrase you often hear while moving forward on your journey.
(832) 742-6456 View (832) 742-6456

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sugar Land, TX

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Sugar Land, TX who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Coping Skills
68% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Sugar Land, TX see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sugar Land?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.