Therapists in Dallas, TX

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Photo of Shannon Carl, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Shannon Carl
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75214
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults (21+) whose presenting concerns are most often related to anxiety, depression, grief, spirituality, "religious deconstruction," "purity culture," "religious reconstruction," sexuality, and relationships. My guiding therapeutic modalities are attachment-focused and trauma-informed (advanced training in Somatic Experiencing). I am also trained in ACT, Emotionally Focused Therapy (and EFIT), and the Gottman Method for couples. My practice is open to people of every religious tradition and people with no religious affiliation. I welcome married and unmarried couples into couple therapy.
I work with adults (21+) whose presenting concerns are most often related to anxiety, depression, grief, spirituality, "religious deconstruction," "purity culture," "religious reconstruction," sexuality, and relationships. My guiding therapeutic modalities are attachment-focused and trauma-informed (advanced training in Somatic Experiencing). I am also trained in ACT, Emotionally Focused Therapy (and EFIT), and the Gottman Method for couples. My practice is open to people of every religious tradition and people with no religious affiliation. I welcome married and unmarried couples into couple therapy.
(254) 328-1116 View (254) 328-1116
Photo of Madison Weis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Madison Weis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75243
Not accepting new clients
Accepting New Clients - I am honored to walk alongside you as you present your story and explore the meaning of past experiences and current feelings. I provide and promote a warm, compassionate, and non-judgmental space and approach to treatment. No issue is “too small” or “not bad enough” to be seen for supportive therapy. I use each person’s individual strengths to empower you to evolve into the best version of themselves. I recognize each person is unique and strive to create a warm, supportive therapeutic environment for clients to discover one’s value and worth. Please contact me today to schedule your first session.
Accepting New Clients - I am honored to walk alongside you as you present your story and explore the meaning of past experiences and current feelings. I provide and promote a warm, compassionate, and non-judgmental space and approach to treatment. No issue is “too small” or “not bad enough” to be seen for supportive therapy. I use each person’s individual strengths to empower you to evolve into the best version of themselves. I recognize each person is unique and strive to create a warm, supportive therapeutic environment for clients to discover one’s value and worth. Please contact me today to schedule your first session.
(469) 746-5140 View (469) 746-5140
Photo of Vanessa Aranda- Aranda Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Vanessa Aranda- Aranda Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Vanessa and I strongly believe that as human beings we have the ability to surpass our own limits. In my practice, I enjoy partnering with individuals who are working on managing their anxiety, self-esteem, navigating life transitions or past trauma. I enjoy helping others work on understanding and learning how to manage their mental health by building on their strengths and empowering them to live to their fullest potential.
Hi! My name is Vanessa and I strongly believe that as human beings we have the ability to surpass our own limits. In my practice, I enjoy partnering with individuals who are working on managing their anxiety, self-esteem, navigating life transitions or past trauma. I enjoy helping others work on understanding and learning how to manage their mental health by building on their strengths and empowering them to live to their fullest potential.
(214) 699-5707 View (214) 699-5707
Photo of Rachel Burleson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Rachel Burleson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75218
Your life looks impressive from the outside. You’re responsible, accomplished and driven. However, your inner critic tells a different story. That nagging voice implies that maybe you’re not good enough and loves to point out where you’re falling short. Perfectionism, people-pleasing and over-functioning has kept you going, but it’s exhausting. You want to feel loved, connected and seen, but it’s hard to prioritize yourself and your needs. You might not even know what they are at this point.
Your life looks impressive from the outside. You’re responsible, accomplished and driven. However, your inner critic tells a different story. That nagging voice implies that maybe you’re not good enough and loves to point out where you’re falling short. Perfectionism, people-pleasing and over-functioning has kept you going, but it’s exhausting. You want to feel loved, connected and seen, but it’s hard to prioritize yourself and your needs. You might not even know what they are at this point.
(972) 885-3707 View (972) 885-3707
Photo of Stacy Bortey, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Stacy Bortey
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75240
It is amazing that you have taken this first step. I trust and believe that it took a lot of courage but with you looking at this message, it is a bold and beautiful step that you have taken. Though it may be unknown to you, your mental health plays a big role in your lifestyle and making sure that yours is a healthy lifestyle includes paying attention to your mental health. You truly do have that solution within you and with my guidance you will discover that solution, your strengths and most importantly what that miracle of having the solution looks like.
It is amazing that you have taken this first step. I trust and believe that it took a lot of courage but with you looking at this message, it is a bold and beautiful step that you have taken. Though it may be unknown to you, your mental health plays a big role in your lifestyle and making sure that yours is a healthy lifestyle includes paying attention to your mental health. You truly do have that solution within you and with my guidance you will discover that solution, your strengths and most importantly what that miracle of having the solution looks like.
(469) 281-7155 View (469) 281-7155
Photo of Melody Michelle Nemeth, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Melody Michelle Nemeth
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75219
Waitlist for new clients
Please email me or visit my website to join my waitlist! I work well with folks experiencing disordered eating or navigating eating disorder recovery and those who have histories of trauma and sexual abuse. Many of my clients come to therapy searching for the "why": why they engage in certain behaviors, hold specific beliefs, or repeat the same relationship patterns over and over. Although there may not be a single “why,” exploring our pasts can help us understand our present-day behaviors, beliefs, and patterns. Oftentimes, it is this exploration and understanding that becomes a powerful catalyst for change.
Please email me or visit my website to join my waitlist! I work well with folks experiencing disordered eating or navigating eating disorder recovery and those who have histories of trauma and sexual abuse. Many of my clients come to therapy searching for the "why": why they engage in certain behaviors, hold specific beliefs, or repeat the same relationship patterns over and over. Although there may not be a single “why,” exploring our pasts can help us understand our present-day behaviors, beliefs, and patterns. Oftentimes, it is this exploration and understanding that becomes a powerful catalyst for change.
(972) 853-7731 View (972) 853-7731
Photo of R Mason McCamey, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
R Mason McCamey
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75231
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor working with teens and adults who struggle with behavior and emotional problems, including anger management, substance issues, anxiety, depression and other issues. I can help you work through these issues to move on to a better life for yourself and your family. Working side-by-side, I will help you find acceptance for unchangeable life circumstances and work on behavioral strategies to overcome those challenges you can learn to change. Together, we will help you learn that you can find relief from suffering and move on to a life you are proud of!
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor working with teens and adults who struggle with behavior and emotional problems, including anger management, substance issues, anxiety, depression and other issues. I can help you work through these issues to move on to a better life for yourself and your family. Working side-by-side, I will help you find acceptance for unchangeable life circumstances and work on behavioral strategies to overcome those challenges you can learn to change. Together, we will help you learn that you can find relief from suffering and move on to a life you are proud of!
(214) 306-5102 View (214) 306-5102
Photo of Kaymie Spangler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Kaymie Spangler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
You deserve to be loved and to feel like you belong. No matter your age, you need and deserve emotional and physical safety and security. When your needs are not met you may feel anxious, depressed, hopeless and dis-empowered. You may act out in self-destructive or unhelpful ways or may find yourself in unfulfilling relationships. Your needs matter. You are worthy of love, belonging, safety, security and success. If it doesn't feel that way to you, I want to help you discover your inherent value and worth.
You deserve to be loved and to feel like you belong. No matter your age, you need and deserve emotional and physical safety and security. When your needs are not met you may feel anxious, depressed, hopeless and dis-empowered. You may act out in self-destructive or unhelpful ways or may find yourself in unfulfilling relationships. Your needs matter. You are worthy of love, belonging, safety, security and success. If it doesn't feel that way to you, I want to help you discover your inherent value and worth.
(469) 833-3754 View (469) 833-3754
Photo of Susana Cortes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Susana Cortes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75240
Hola, si necesitas ayuda psicológica en español, estoy lista para ayudarte. Si tú, un familiar o un amigo/a necesitan de tratamiento psicoterapéutico no dudes en conctactame pues 25 años de experiencia y la pasión por mi trabajo me respaldan. Ofrezco una intervencion personalizada a niños, adolescentes y adultos que tengan problemas emocionales y/o conductules. Con ayuda profesional estos problemas pueden dejar de tener poder y con ello tener una vida feliz y productiva. Si no tienes seguro médico, podrías calificar para el programa NTBHA y tu tratamiento estaría cubierto. Visita la página Web: bienstarcounseling.com.
Hola, si necesitas ayuda psicológica en español, estoy lista para ayudarte. Si tú, un familiar o un amigo/a necesitan de tratamiento psicoterapéutico no dudes en conctactame pues 25 años de experiencia y la pasión por mi trabajo me respaldan. Ofrezco una intervencion personalizada a niños, adolescentes y adultos que tengan problemas emocionales y/o conductules. Con ayuda profesional estos problemas pueden dejar de tener poder y con ello tener una vida feliz y productiva. Si no tienes seguro médico, podrías calificar para el programa NTBHA y tu tratamiento estaría cubierto. Visita la página Web: bienstarcounseling.com.
(469) 312-6898 View (469) 312-6898
Photo of Whitney McEwen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Whitney McEwen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75204
Whitney specializes in helping children, teens, and adults overcome challenges such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. With a transparent and empathetic approach, Whitney is committed to customizing treatment for each client, meeting you where you are on your journey. Dedicated to fostering personal growth, Whitney equips you with the skills to identify and manage emotions, offering effective coping strategies.
Whitney specializes in helping children, teens, and adults overcome challenges such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. With a transparent and empathetic approach, Whitney is committed to customizing treatment for each client, meeting you where you are on your journey. Dedicated to fostering personal growth, Whitney equips you with the skills to identify and manage emotions, offering effective coping strategies.
(469) 765-3027 View (469) 765-3027
Photo of Jeffrey Ly | Porn Addiction Relationships in Dallas, TX
Jeffrey Ly | Porn Addiction Relationships
LMFT, MA, LPHA
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75204  (Online Only)
Pornography addiction can significantly impact your life and relationships but there is hope for recovery. I’m not just a mental health professional, I’ve been “you” for many years. I understand firsthand the personal struggles in your life and committed relationships that come with uncontrollable pornography use. The endless stream of attractive women a few clicks away on Pornhub, Onlyfan or Social Media is hard to quit even with all your willpower and promise to quit for the sake of your relationship.
Pornography addiction can significantly impact your life and relationships but there is hope for recovery. I’m not just a mental health professional, I’ve been “you” for many years. I understand firsthand the personal struggles in your life and committed relationships that come with uncontrollable pornography use. The endless stream of attractive women a few clicks away on Pornhub, Onlyfan or Social Media is hard to quit even with all your willpower and promise to quit for the sake of your relationship.
(469) 228-8650 View (469) 228-8650
Photo of Katrina L Cook, PhD, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Katrina L Cook, PhD
Psychologist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75246
Accepting new clients! Remember when you were a teenager? All the anxiety and frustration! It was so hard to navigate the pressures of friends, dating, academics, and decisions about the future. Now, you see your own child facing these same issues, and you feel powerless to help. It’s like she’s become a different person overnight. She’s dressing differently and has a whole new group of friends you don’t know. Calls from the school have been coming in about misbehavior, skipping, and her grades are slipping. When you try to talk to her about what she's going through, it just pushes her further away. You’re out of ideas.
Accepting new clients! Remember when you were a teenager? All the anxiety and frustration! It was so hard to navigate the pressures of friends, dating, academics, and decisions about the future. Now, you see your own child facing these same issues, and you feel powerless to help. It’s like she’s become a different person overnight. She’s dressing differently and has a whole new group of friends you don’t know. Calls from the school have been coming in about misbehavior, skipping, and her grades are slipping. When you try to talk to her about what she's going through, it just pushes her further away. You’re out of ideas.
(214) 751-8979 View (214) 751-8979
Photo of Linda Oberle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Linda Oberle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Hello, I am so honored to be able to work with you through your journey. Nothing gives me more pleasure then assisting people in self discovery and growth.
Hello, I am so honored to be able to work with you through your journey. Nothing gives me more pleasure then assisting people in self discovery and growth.
(469) 966-7886 View (469) 966-7886
Photo of Kevin J. Goldberg, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Kevin J. Goldberg
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75240
I am a Licensed Psychologist in Texas (in person & virtual sessions) & Illinois (virtual only sessions) providing short and long-term therapy to adults (ages 18 and up). I have worked with individuals from all ranges of life including varying socio-economic status and different stages of life in settings like college counseling centers, community mental health, and forensic detention facilities. Some areas of interest to me are depression or difficult moods, troubling thought processes, low self-esteem, anxiety, anger management, recovery from trauma, and chronic relationship problems/marriage difficulties.
I am a Licensed Psychologist in Texas (in person & virtual sessions) & Illinois (virtual only sessions) providing short and long-term therapy to adults (ages 18 and up). I have worked with individuals from all ranges of life including varying socio-economic status and different stages of life in settings like college counseling centers, community mental health, and forensic detention facilities. Some areas of interest to me are depression or difficult moods, troubling thought processes, low self-esteem, anxiety, anger management, recovery from trauma, and chronic relationship problems/marriage difficulties.
(214) 396-3635 View (214) 396-3635
Photo of Krystal Thornton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Krystal Thornton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75236  (Online Only)
Life has it challenges and it takes courage to acknowledge the need for support. Do you feel stressed, hopeless, lack motivation, irritable, depressed and don't know what to do? Taking charge is the beginning of your journey to heal and you are in right place to get started. Let’s work together as I provide a nurturing non-judgement space for my clients to have a voice and be heard as I walk alongside with you in discovering solutions to help bring balance to your daily life. I will help you untangle negative thoughts, heal from past trauma, overcome fears, and embrace a lasting change.
Life has it challenges and it takes courage to acknowledge the need for support. Do you feel stressed, hopeless, lack motivation, irritable, depressed and don't know what to do? Taking charge is the beginning of your journey to heal and you are in right place to get started. Let’s work together as I provide a nurturing non-judgement space for my clients to have a voice and be heard as I walk alongside with you in discovering solutions to help bring balance to your daily life. I will help you untangle negative thoughts, heal from past trauma, overcome fears, and embrace a lasting change.
(469) 217-4641 View (469) 217-4641
Photo of Danielle Davis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dallas, TX
Danielle Davis
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75214
Sometimes the first step can be the most difficult one, but you made it. Each client that comes through the door is admired for taking a step towards healing and gaining insight into their own thoughts and emotions. Having a safe and healthy environment where you are able to openly discuss difficult situations without judgement in today’s society can be the difference between personal success and feeling swept away and emotionally stuck.
Sometimes the first step can be the most difficult one, but you made it. Each client that comes through the door is admired for taking a step towards healing and gaining insight into their own thoughts and emotions. Having a safe and healthy environment where you are able to openly discuss difficult situations without judgement in today’s society can be the difference between personal success and feeling swept away and emotionally stuck.
(469) 564-5355 View (469) 564-5355
Photo of Doug M Dougherty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Doug M Dougherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, ThM, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75206
One of my favorite mantra's is " The quality of life is determined by the quality of your relationships-in your marriage, in your family, in your daily life, in your spiritual life, and in the mirror. My goal is to walk along side your goals and to help facilitate grow and healing in these specific areas: anxiety, depression, addictions, affairs, anger, grief, faith exploration, separation, divorce, financial stresses, midlife and aging.
One of my favorite mantra's is " The quality of life is determined by the quality of your relationships-in your marriage, in your family, in your daily life, in your spiritual life, and in the mirror. My goal is to walk along side your goals and to help facilitate grow and healing in these specific areas: anxiety, depression, addictions, affairs, anger, grief, faith exploration, separation, divorce, financial stresses, midlife and aging.
(214) 550-2907 x2 View (214) 550-2907 x2
Photo of Teresa Tribett, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Teresa Tribett
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75243
My clients would describe me as easy to talk to, a great listener, honest, and informed. I find great value in creating a foundation of trust and comfortability so my clients can work to meet their therapeutic goals. Counseling is most effective when the client feels accepted and believes the therapist genuinely cares about the topics discussed during session. It is a privilege to be a part of one's journey to improve, change, or maintain aspects in their life. I truly care about each of my client's health and well-being.
My clients would describe me as easy to talk to, a great listener, honest, and informed. I find great value in creating a foundation of trust and comfortability so my clients can work to meet their therapeutic goals. Counseling is most effective when the client feels accepted and believes the therapist genuinely cares about the topics discussed during session. It is a privilege to be a part of one's journey to improve, change, or maintain aspects in their life. I truly care about each of my client's health and well-being.
(214) 833-8301 View (214) 833-8301
Photo of Dr. Charla Lewis, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Dr. Charla Lewis
Psychologist, PhD, LP, NCSP, DMT Int
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75204  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You having more and more bad days...and it's getting harder to hold things together. Sometimes you have self-doubt, self-hate; other times you feel that no one understands what you're going through. At times, you take out your frustrations on others, feel stuck in life and you wonder if you'll EVER get over it (whatever the IT is). I understand and I'm here to help. You may know exactly what you want to change or you may need help in exploring the reasons why you feel this way. In any case, we can work together on a new vision, plan, and way of living for you!
You having more and more bad days...and it's getting harder to hold things together. Sometimes you have self-doubt, self-hate; other times you feel that no one understands what you're going through. At times, you take out your frustrations on others, feel stuck in life and you wonder if you'll EVER get over it (whatever the IT is). I understand and I'm here to help. You may know exactly what you want to change or you may need help in exploring the reasons why you feel this way. In any case, we can work together on a new vision, plan, and way of living for you!
(972) 433-5412 View (972) 433-5412
Photo of Amy Mozingo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Amy Mozingo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75231
Not accepting new clients
We live in a world full of stress, pressure, and conflict. You're doing your best just to hang on every day. Your old methods of coping may have become problems themselves - and they're not working. Trying to handle it on your own has left you feeling isolated. You're longing to reconnect, to feel understood. But you're not sure how - or who - to trust. You're looking for hope because you know it doesn't have to be this way. I want to help you reengage in your life. I want to listen to your needs.
We live in a world full of stress, pressure, and conflict. You're doing your best just to hang on every day. Your old methods of coping may have become problems themselves - and they're not working. Trying to handle it on your own has left you feeling isolated. You're longing to reconnect, to feel understood. But you're not sure how - or who - to trust. You're looking for hope because you know it doesn't have to be this way. I want to help you reengage in your life. I want to listen to your needs.
(469) 769-5617 View (469) 769-5617

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dallas, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Dallas, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
74% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Dallas, TX see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dallas?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.