Addiction Therapists in 19425

Photo of Fratantoni Counseling and Blue Creek Psychotherapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Fratantoni Counseling and Blue Creek Psychotherapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, CAADC
Verified Verified
I am passionate about helping others face anxiety, depression, addiction, stress, victimization, impulsivity, and resentments to gain coping, assertive communication, and boundary setting skills.
My ideal client is seeking help with an open mind to gain a better understanding of the underlying issues related to their challenges. Clients interested in addressing issues related to anxiety/depression, social isolation, impulsivity, procrastination, addiction, parenting, family and relationships with the goal to gain self-awareness and coping skills will work well with my counseling approach. My hope is that those that I work with will gain a greater sense of self, improve communication skills, enhance life balance, and develop feelings of self-empowerment.
I am passionate about helping others face anxiety, depression, addiction, stress, victimization, impulsivity, and resentments to gain coping, assertive communication, and boundary setting skills.
My ideal client is seeking help with an open mind to gain a better understanding of the underlying issues related to their challenges. Clients interested in addressing issues related to anxiety/depression, social isolation, impulsivity, procrastination, addiction, parenting, family and relationships with the goal to gain self-awareness and coping skills will work well with my counseling approach. My hope is that those that I work with will gain a greater sense of self, improve communication skills, enhance life balance, and develop feelings of self-empowerment.
(484) 207-5477 View (484) 207-5477
Photo of Jeanine P Aversa, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Jeanine P Aversa
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Interested in advising corporations on mental health, diversity, addiction and communication issues as well as facilitating groups and workshops.
Licensed counselor focused on providing individual and couples counseling services. Specializing in work with adults in areas of life transitions, anxiety, depression, substance abuse /addiction, PTSD, bi-polar and stress management.
Interested in advising corporations on mental health, diversity, addiction and communication issues as well as facilitating groups and workshops.
Licensed counselor focused on providing individual and couples counseling services. Specializing in work with adults in areas of life transitions, anxiety, depression, substance abuse /addiction, PTSD, bi-polar and stress management.
(484) 214-2403 View (484) 214-2403
Photo of Edward Wagner, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Edward Wagner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
I work with individuals who might be struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues and substance abuse issues.
Hello! I am Ed. Do you feel as if the way you feel at times is diminishing life's simple pleasures? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of everyday life?
I work with individuals who might be struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues and substance abuse issues.
Hello! I am Ed. Do you feel as if the way you feel at times is diminishing life's simple pleasures? Do you feel overwhelmed by the demands of everyday life?
(610) 510-6209 View (610) 510-6209
Photo of Yaakov Rabinowitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Yaakov Rabinowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
My experience has led me to work with a variety of different types of clients and challenges. Some of my professional specializations include substance use and damaging habits, challenges with infertility and pregnancy loss, anxiety, depression, and relationship stress stemming from mental health challenges in a partner. Some people are looking to grieve and be supported through a challenging chapter of life, some are struggling with hopelessness, anxiety, or depression, others want to make changes in their lives but just can't seem to leave behind old patterns, and some people struggle with these challenges in combination.
My experience has led me to work with a variety of different types of clients and challenges. Some of my professional specializations include substance use and damaging habits, challenges with infertility and pregnancy loss, anxiety, depression, and relationship stress stemming from mental health challenges in a partner. Some people are looking to grieve and be supported through a challenging chapter of life, some are struggling with hopelessness, anxiety, or depression, others want to make changes in their lives but just can't seem to leave behind old patterns, and some people struggle with these challenges in combination.
(484) 897-6271 View (484) 897-6271
Photo of Candice Bieganski (Mccarthy), Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Candice Bieganski (Mccarthy)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
Life's challenges can often make us feel stuck, alone, and invalidated. I want you to know that your feelings are not only valid but also an essential part of your unique journey. In our therapeutic space, I am dedicated to creating a warm and accepting environment where you can authentically be yourself, even when it feels messy or uncertain. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my mission is to empower individuals on their journey to emotional well-being and freedom. I specialize in providing support to adults 18+ navigating through overwhelming or traumatic experiences, as well as those in recovery from addiction.
Life's challenges can often make us feel stuck, alone, and invalidated. I want you to know that your feelings are not only valid but also an essential part of your unique journey. In our therapeutic space, I am dedicated to creating a warm and accepting environment where you can authentically be yourself, even when it feels messy or uncertain. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my mission is to empower individuals on their journey to emotional well-being and freedom. I specialize in providing support to adults 18+ navigating through overwhelming or traumatic experiences, as well as those in recovery from addiction.
(484) 759-8462 View (484) 759-8462
Dr. Lisa Cerullo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MHS, LCSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
I have worked in the field of mental health illnesses and substance use over a decade As a therapist, I have counseled clients between the ages of 14 and 80 years individually and in-group settings.
Every day gives you choices, sometimes too many choices. Yet, it is “your” choice to make today or tomorrow. Through practicing as a psychotherapist for the past ten years, being a parent, professor, and an athlete I have experienced many people having difficulties making choices. So many of us get stuck with feelings of depression, fear and anxiety that making even one choice becomes too difficult. It helps to have someone assist by listening, guiding and being a support. This role is a role that I feel comfortable with as a therapist. My therapeutic style is best described as engaged & supportive
I have worked in the field of mental health illnesses and substance use over a decade As a therapist, I have counseled clients between the ages of 14 and 80 years individually and in-group settings.
Every day gives you choices, sometimes too many choices. Yet, it is “your” choice to make today or tomorrow. Through practicing as a psychotherapist for the past ten years, being a parent, professor, and an athlete I have experienced many people having difficulties making choices. So many of us get stuck with feelings of depression, fear and anxiety that making even one choice becomes too difficult. It helps to have someone assist by listening, guiding and being a support. This role is a role that I feel comfortable with as a therapist. My therapeutic style is best described as engaged & supportive
(610) 880-2309 View (610) 880-2309
Photo of Noah K Carroll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Noah K Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
(484) 265-9914 View (484) 265-9914
Photo of Regina Marie Floria in 19425, PA
Regina Marie Floria
MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
Over the 18 years in the behavioral health field, I've attributed my growth and experience to all of the clients I've seen. One of the most difficult aspects of therapy is having to be vulnerable. In order to be vulnerable a client must feel seen, heard, respected and safe. I've worked in multiple settings such as school, corporate healthcare, home, clinic and private practice. I've worked with families, individually, with children, teen and adults with addiction, behavioral health needs and disabilities. Mostly utilizing a strengths based and family systems perspective/model.
(484) 603-6306 View (484) 603-6306
Photo of Whole Heart Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Whole Heart Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, NCC, MAC, CSAT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
I'm a Board-Certified Licensed Professional Counselor, with a PhD in Marriage and Family Therapy, a Master's degree in Counseling, and another Masters degree in Education. I specialize in treating adult survivors of childhood trauma, neglect, and abuse. I'm also specially certified as a sexual addiction therapist (CSAT), and I work with adults who have ADHD, along with their partners. I am available for sessions at my office, and on-line for clients in OR, WA and PA.
I'm a Board-Certified Licensed Professional Counselor, with a PhD in Marriage and Family Therapy, a Master's degree in Counseling, and another Masters degree in Education. I specialize in treating adult survivors of childhood trauma, neglect, and abuse. I'm also specially certified as a sexual addiction therapist (CSAT), and I work with adults who have ADHD, along with their partners. I am available for sessions at my office, and on-line for clients in OR, WA and PA.
(971) 238-5110 View (971) 238-5110
Photo of Kelly Wood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Kelly Wood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have clinical experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. Some of my clinical experience includes: trauma work and healing (with EMDR as an option), addiction recovery support, depression and/or anxiety combining mind and body work in treatment, working with teens and children on emotional regulation while building skills that will develop intrinsic self worth, and examining thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in interpersonal relations.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have clinical experience working with children, adolescents, adults, and couples. Some of my clinical experience includes: trauma work and healing (with EMDR as an option), addiction recovery support, depression and/or anxiety combining mind and body work in treatment, working with teens and children on emotional regulation while building skills that will develop intrinsic self worth, and examining thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in interpersonal relations.
(610) 850-0517 View (610) 850-0517
Photo of Britney Flaherty, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Britney Flaherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
I received my bachelor’s in psychology from Temple University and my master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lock Haven University. I have experience working in residential drug and alcohol treatment, halfway houses, mobile therapy, and outpatient therapy. While I enjoy working with those of all ages, my passion is working with adolescents, and those struggling with a history of anxiety and addiction.
I received my bachelor’s in psychology from Temple University and my master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lock Haven University. I have experience working in residential drug and alcohol treatment, halfway houses, mobile therapy, and outpatient therapy. While I enjoy working with those of all ages, my passion is working with adolescents, and those struggling with a history of anxiety and addiction.
(215) 774-3079 View (215) 774-3079
Photo of Diane H McQueen, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Diane H McQueen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
My areas of specialization include: Depression and Anxiety, Women's Issues, Couples/Marital, Trauma, Substance Abuse and Recovery, Life Transitions.
"I believe human emotions need to be taken seriously and my purpose is to help my clients do so. By assisting them to recognize and understand their feelings they will see their potential to change and be more effective in their interactions." Whatever the crisis: depression, lack of self-esteem, family conflict, loneliness, chemical dependency: I'm here to listen, to help, to counsel. In an atmosphere of privacy and confidentiality, we will develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs.
My areas of specialization include: Depression and Anxiety, Women's Issues, Couples/Marital, Trauma, Substance Abuse and Recovery, Life Transitions.
"I believe human emotions need to be taken seriously and my purpose is to help my clients do so. By assisting them to recognize and understand their feelings they will see their potential to change and be more effective in their interactions." Whatever the crisis: depression, lack of self-esteem, family conflict, loneliness, chemical dependency: I'm here to listen, to help, to counsel. In an atmosphere of privacy and confidentiality, we will develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs.
(484) 948-3555 View (484) 948-3555
Photo of Brian Mullan, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Brian Mullan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I have almost 10 years experience working with adults who are living with traumatic or adverse childhood events, people struggling with addiction and other unhealthy behaviors, and people whose lives are in transition.
Congratulations on getting the most difficult part out of the way: deciding that you might benefit from help! It is one of the toughest steps anyone can take. My job is to ensure that it is also among the more richly rewarding and empowering decisions you have made. Whether you know for certain what your next steps in life are, or whether you feel somewhat adrift and unsure, I pledge to meet you where you are and together we will navigate the journey.
I have almost 10 years experience working with adults who are living with traumatic or adverse childhood events, people struggling with addiction and other unhealthy behaviors, and people whose lives are in transition.
Congratulations on getting the most difficult part out of the way: deciding that you might benefit from help! It is one of the toughest steps anyone can take. My job is to ensure that it is also among the more richly rewarding and empowering decisions you have made. Whether you know for certain what your next steps in life are, or whether you feel somewhat adrift and unsure, I pledge to meet you where you are and together we will navigate the journey.
(484) 559-5783 View (484) 559-5783
Photo of Randy Rex, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Randy Rex
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
I help people suffering from depression, phobias, addiction, anger, PTSD, existential crises, OCD, relationship difficulties, panic attacks, ADHD, chronic medical conditions (gastric, migraines, tinnitus, POTS, etc.
Anxiety and stress affect everyone. Whatever the cause- relationships, school, work, medical issues, existential/spiritual crisis, loss of any kind- it can be overwhelming. Important obligations and events might be avoided, communication and connection compromised. Self-esteem, sleep, energy level, and mood all may suffer. We will collaborate to address the challenging areas of your life, manage stresses from your environment and body, and develop strategies to overcome unhelpful patterns of thought and behavior. Through this work it will be possible to experience relief, become happier, and evolve as a person.
I help people suffering from depression, phobias, addiction, anger, PTSD, existential crises, OCD, relationship difficulties, panic attacks, ADHD, chronic medical conditions (gastric, migraines, tinnitus, POTS, etc.
Anxiety and stress affect everyone. Whatever the cause- relationships, school, work, medical issues, existential/spiritual crisis, loss of any kind- it can be overwhelming. Important obligations and events might be avoided, communication and connection compromised. Self-esteem, sleep, energy level, and mood all may suffer. We will collaborate to address the challenging areas of your life, manage stresses from your environment and body, and develop strategies to overcome unhelpful patterns of thought and behavior. Through this work it will be possible to experience relief, become happier, and evolve as a person.
(610) 365-1561 View (610) 365-1561
Photo of Kimberly Lynn Mason, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Kimberly Lynn Mason
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, ICADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
Proficient in treating mental health disorders: both substance and behavioral, as well as co-occurring disorders, eating disorders and trauma/PTSD.
I am passionate about helping those who suffer with mental health and dual disorders. My approach is empathetic and compassion first, with the goal of helping my clients overcome the obstacles in their lives that are inhibiting them from achieving fulfillment in life. No two clients are alike, therefore I treat each person's needs as I partner with them to heal the body, mind and spirit. My method is eclectic whether I am seeing you individually or in group , I believe everyone is capable of healing; as a therapist, it is my job to help guide each person on their own, personal journey toward healing and growth.
Proficient in treating mental health disorders: both substance and behavioral, as well as co-occurring disorders, eating disorders and trauma/PTSD.
I am passionate about helping those who suffer with mental health and dual disorders. My approach is empathetic and compassion first, with the goal of helping my clients overcome the obstacles in their lives that are inhibiting them from achieving fulfillment in life. No two clients are alike, therefore I treat each person's needs as I partner with them to heal the body, mind and spirit. My method is eclectic whether I am seeing you individually or in group , I believe everyone is capable of healing; as a therapist, it is my job to help guide each person on their own, personal journey toward healing and growth.
(610) 601-3978 View (610) 601-3978
Photo of Benjamin Kessler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Benjamin Kessler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chester Springs, PA 19425  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel like life is moving quickly and it can be hard to catch up and slow down? Do things seem overwhelming or stressful in your life? Is there a lot of changes happening and you aren't sure how to navigate them? I have experience working with a variety of people who all have different journeys. Passionate about helping people work through their journey's. Asking for help can be challenging and intimidating, however, it is a big first step!
Do you ever feel like life is moving quickly and it can be hard to catch up and slow down? Do things seem overwhelming or stressful in your life? Is there a lot of changes happening and you aren't sure how to navigate them? I have experience working with a variety of people who all have different journeys. Passionate about helping people work through their journey's. Asking for help can be challenging and intimidating, however, it is a big first step!
(215) 600-0235 View (215) 600-0235
Photo of Nancy L Pellegrini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 19425, PA
Nancy L Pellegrini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Do you find yourself preoccupied, unable to sleep well, or moody and irritable? Have you found it more difficult to get out of bed and face the day with motivation and energy? Have you or others noticed that there is more conflict in your interactions? I have been successful in helping many individuals, couples and families clarify and understand their difficulties, identify strategies for change, and collaboratively work together for problem resolution. My approach is engaging, with an emphasis on reflective listening, giving feedback and information, and empathically supporting the difficult but rewarding process of change.
Do you find yourself preoccupied, unable to sleep well, or moody and irritable? Have you found it more difficult to get out of bed and face the day with motivation and energy? Have you or others noticed that there is more conflict in your interactions? I have been successful in helping many individuals, couples and families clarify and understand their difficulties, identify strategies for change, and collaboratively work together for problem resolution. My approach is engaging, with an emphasis on reflective listening, giving feedback and information, and empathically supporting the difficult but rewarding process of change.
(484) 548-0964 View (484) 548-0964
Photo of Benjamin Lasner, Licensed Professional Counselor in 19425, PA
Benjamin Lasner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NBCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Benjamin (pronounced Ben-ya-meen) Lasner, LPC, NBCC, M.S.. He is compassionate, open, and committed to creating a therapeutic relationship where everyone feels safe and respected. Benjamin understands and values the perspectives of both sides of the therapeutic relationship and firmly believes that two individuals sitting in a room, and having a conversation, is one of the most powerful, healing events that can occur. Benjamin strives to make the therapeutic environment welcoming, giving you his full focus and attention. It is important to meet each client where they are in order to help them achieve their goals.
Benjamin (pronounced Ben-ya-meen) Lasner, LPC, NBCC, M.S.. He is compassionate, open, and committed to creating a therapeutic relationship where everyone feels safe and respected. Benjamin understands and values the perspectives of both sides of the therapeutic relationship and firmly believes that two individuals sitting in a room, and having a conversation, is one of the most powerful, healing events that can occur. Benjamin strives to make the therapeutic environment welcoming, giving you his full focus and attention. It is important to meet each client where they are in order to help them achieve their goals.
(610) 686-7502 View (610) 686-7502
Photo of Richard Koenig, Psychologist in 19425, PA
Richard Koenig
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
I have been in practice thirty years. I see psychotherapy as a process of increasing self awareness, developing a more realistic and tolerant self esteem, and identifying and working through losses, disappointments and relational conflicts. This process enables reduction in pain, greater self acceptance, and comfort in relationships and family. This process occurs in a collaborative effort between you the client, and myself. The safe environment of the office allows for the full expression and understanding of what you experience, think, and feel. Our work together enables symptom relief, greater personal understanding, growth, responsibility and contentment.
I have been in practice thirty years. I see psychotherapy as a process of increasing self awareness, developing a more realistic and tolerant self esteem, and identifying and working through losses, disappointments and relational conflicts. This process enables reduction in pain, greater self acceptance, and comfort in relationships and family. This process occurs in a collaborative effort between you the client, and myself. The safe environment of the office allows for the full expression and understanding of what you experience, think, and feel. Our work together enables symptom relief, greater personal understanding, growth, responsibility and contentment.
(610) 915-8484 View (610) 915-8484
Photo of Kevin Kasper, Marriage & Family Therapist in 19425, PA
Kevin Kasper
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Not accepting new clients
Skeptical about therapy or that things can change? I was too, before I saw a therapist myself. I too have experienced the societal stressors and family life issues and come to this work eager to empower my clients that you too can experience sustainable happiness. Do you over function, not feel good enough, feel stuck, or feel misunderstood? Do you wish you could say what you really feel versus what comes out when you are upset or frustrated? Are you or anyone else concerned with your drug or alcohol use, not understanding why? Would you like to be able to see the patterns you have been stuck in, so that you can find a better way?
Skeptical about therapy or that things can change? I was too, before I saw a therapist myself. I too have experienced the societal stressors and family life issues and come to this work eager to empower my clients that you too can experience sustainable happiness. Do you over function, not feel good enough, feel stuck, or feel misunderstood? Do you wish you could say what you really feel versus what comes out when you are upset or frustrated? Are you or anyone else concerned with your drug or alcohol use, not understanding why? Would you like to be able to see the patterns you have been stuck in, so that you can find a better way?
(484) 821-5770 View (484) 821-5770
Addiction Therapists

What is the best therapy for addiction?

Addiction treatment will be tailored to the individual. People seeking help for addiction—whether with a psychotherapist, in an outpatient clinic, or in a residential program—should expect to engage in multiple types of treatments, sometimes including medication. For anyone recovering from addiction, avoiding situations in which one has typically used a substance is essential, as is the support of close connections. Since substance use disorders tend to co-occur with underlying mental health conditions such as anxiety or depression, those must also be addressed as part of any recovery plan.

How long does therapy for addiction take?

There is no set timeline for recovery from addiction. Patients and their families should expect the work to last several months, if not longer. Residential treatment programs may be based on a stay of 30, 60, or 90 days, with continuing work after release, but only about 1 percent of people are treated in such facilities. Ceasing use is just the first step; therapy to help maintain abstinence and effect behavior change must follow. The process of recovery, neuroscience has shown, involves brain cells recovering the capacity to respond to natural sources of reward and restore control over the impulse to use. Another definition of recovery is restoring voluntary control over one’s substance use and retaking all of one’s previous responsibilities.

How effective is drug addiction treatment?

Substance use disorders are treatable and remission is achievable for many who seek recovery; by some estimates, more than three-quarters of people who become addicted to alcohol or drugs recover. But that success rarely occurs quickly or on a set timeline; relapse is not only common, but many therapists and clinicians view it as a normal part of the process—not always a sign that a person has returned to addiction, but a signal that their treatment should be adjusted to help them regain control. Overall, research suggests, five years after the end of substance use, one’s risk of relapse is no greater than that of others who had not faced addiction. Other experts believe that complete abstinence is not the only measure of recovery, and that, through effective treatment, many people can learn to control their use.

How can you get addiction treatment for someone?

The most important factor in recovery from addiction is widely understood to be an individual’s commitment to change. For that reason,“interventions” in which friends and family gather to urge or force someone to begin immediate treatment often backfire; even when such efforts do lead someone to begin treatment, they may be less likely to stay than those who are self-driven. Still, family members can play an important role in supporting an individual who seeks help and can take part in family therapy as one element of a loved one’s treatment.