Therapists in Spokane, WA

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Photo of Jill Walling, Marriage & Family Therapist in Spokane, WA
Jill Walling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99202
My name is Jill Walling, and I am a clinician as well as the owner of Rooted In Hope Counseling. Life is a journey we are all on with unexpected twists and turns in the road. Often, we find ourselves in places or circumstances we did not expect that leave us feeling sad, overwhelmed, anxious, lonely, scared, tired and stressed, but we do not have to do it alone. As humans we are all hardwired to be in relationships with others, so seeking support does not mean we are unequipped for the journey or have failed, it simply means we are reaching out for someone to connect with us, offer support, non-biased insight, and guidance.
My name is Jill Walling, and I am a clinician as well as the owner of Rooted In Hope Counseling. Life is a journey we are all on with unexpected twists and turns in the road. Often, we find ourselves in places or circumstances we did not expect that leave us feeling sad, overwhelmed, anxious, lonely, scared, tired and stressed, but we do not have to do it alone. As humans we are all hardwired to be in relationships with others, so seeking support does not mean we are unequipped for the journey or have failed, it simply means we are reaching out for someone to connect with us, offer support, non-biased insight, and guidance.
(509) 792-3268 View (509) 792-3268
Photo of Linda Shook, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Linda Shook
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99218
Are you feeling depressed and wondering if you will ever feel joy again? Are you struggling with a huge change in your life and the turmoil that brings? Are you struggling with conflict in a relationship? As human beings, we all of go through difficult times and we can’t make it through these alone. I seek to provide a safe place for people to work through their current difficulties and pain from the past. I want each client to feel cared for, listened to, and challenged to move forward in new ways.
Are you feeling depressed and wondering if you will ever feel joy again? Are you struggling with a huge change in your life and the turmoil that brings? Are you struggling with conflict in a relationship? As human beings, we all of go through difficult times and we can’t make it through these alone. I seek to provide a safe place for people to work through their current difficulties and pain from the past. I want each client to feel cared for, listened to, and challenged to move forward in new ways.
(509) 260-8156 View (509) 260-8156
Photo of Ronald James Eastman in Spokane, WA
Ronald James Eastman
MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99218  (Online Only)
I counsel adults . I offer individual and couples therapy. I see therapy as creating a safe atmosphere to explore avenues to make changes in life. You and I will be a team working together to help you gain insight, and ways to put that insight to work in your life.
I counsel adults . I offer individual and couples therapy. I see therapy as creating a safe atmosphere to explore avenues to make changes in life. You and I will be a team working together to help you gain insight, and ways to put that insight to work in your life.
(509) 631-8604 View (509) 631-8604
Photo of Emily McNichols, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Emily McNichols
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99218
Not accepting new clients
With specialized training in EMDR therapy, I help my clients work through traumatic events in order to achieve mental wellness and healing. My expertise in this modality ensures that I can assist clients in addressing the root causes of their emotional distress and lead them towards healthier, more balanced lives. In addition to EMDR, I hold certification in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I employ evidence-based CBT techniques to assist clients in modifying thought patterns and behaviors that may be contributing to their emotional struggles.
With specialized training in EMDR therapy, I help my clients work through traumatic events in order to achieve mental wellness and healing. My expertise in this modality ensures that I can assist clients in addressing the root causes of their emotional distress and lead them towards healthier, more balanced lives. In addition to EMDR, I hold certification in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I employ evidence-based CBT techniques to assist clients in modifying thought patterns and behaviors that may be contributing to their emotional struggles.
(509) 740-3340 View (509) 740-3340
Cassandra Rodriguez
Counselor, MS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
I am a LMHCA. Much of my background has been working in the community mental health setting. There, I was able work with clients and their families who come from a variety of socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. My specialty had been working with adolescents and young adults however, I have enjoyed working with all ages.
I am a LMHCA. Much of my background has been working in the community mental health setting. There, I was able work with clients and their families who come from a variety of socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. My specialty had been working with adolescents and young adults however, I have enjoyed working with all ages.
(425) 640-7009 x9744 View (425) 640-7009 x9744
Photo of Maro Ter-Ogannisyan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Maro Ter-Ogannisyan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Maro, here to support you through your transformational journey and help you reconnect with yourself. Let’s work together to bring balance and harmony to your world by addressing unhealed wounds that can show up as anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, and self-doubt. I practice using a collaborative, intersectional, mindfulness-based, and trauma-informed approach. I use humor, curiosity, and empathy to develop a collaborative relationship with you and help you reflect and connect experiences to past and present issues.
Hi, I’m Maro, here to support you through your transformational journey and help you reconnect with yourself. Let’s work together to bring balance and harmony to your world by addressing unhealed wounds that can show up as anxiety, depression, addictions, trauma, and self-doubt. I practice using a collaborative, intersectional, mindfulness-based, and trauma-informed approach. I use humor, curiosity, and empathy to develop a collaborative relationship with you and help you reflect and connect experiences to past and present issues.
(509) 394-4937 View (509) 394-4937
Photo of Garret McQuesten, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Garret McQuesten
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99205
Not accepting new clients
Hi, I’m Garret! If you are considering therapy then odds are it is the right time to dive in. Whether you are looking for an experienced provider who operates within specific therapeutic approaches or you are looking for someone who can provide a calm and empathic therapeutic environment to explore your needs in your own way, I am able to provide the supportive therapeutic relationship that will help you work towards the life you're wanting.
Hi, I’m Garret! If you are considering therapy then odds are it is the right time to dive in. Whether you are looking for an experienced provider who operates within specific therapeutic approaches or you are looking for someone who can provide a calm and empathic therapeutic environment to explore your needs in your own way, I am able to provide the supportive therapeutic relationship that will help you work towards the life you're wanting.
(509) 204-8623 View (509) 204-8623
Photo of Lady Sarah Joseph, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Lady Sarah Joseph
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Christian principles, drawing strength and guidance from my unwavering faith, you will find a Compassionate Voice and Listening Ear: Your Story Matters, and You Will Be Truly Heard. As a Licensed Independent Clinical Associate Social Worker, I am dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to improve mental health and overall well-being. With 24 years of experience in behavioral health and social work, I am committed to facilitating the healing journey from traumas, such as divorce, religious/spiritual abuse, childhood sexual exposure/abuse, narcissistic experiences, workplace bullying, dementia, grief, and loss.
Christian principles, drawing strength and guidance from my unwavering faith, you will find a Compassionate Voice and Listening Ear: Your Story Matters, and You Will Be Truly Heard. As a Licensed Independent Clinical Associate Social Worker, I am dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to improve mental health and overall well-being. With 24 years of experience in behavioral health and social work, I am committed to facilitating the healing journey from traumas, such as divorce, religious/spiritual abuse, childhood sexual exposure/abuse, narcissistic experiences, workplace bullying, dementia, grief, and loss.
(509) 236-1466 View (509) 236-1466
Photo of Stacy A DeMar, Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern in Spokane, WA
Stacy A DeMar
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, RCSWI
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
To learn more, visit TheBEYOUproject.net. I am a passionate and dedicated practitioner, committed to helping individuals embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and personal growth. With a profound belief in the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit, I offer a nurturing and empathetic space where clients can explore their innermost thoughts, emotions, and spiritual dimensions. I believe in the inherent wisdom of each person and work collaboratively with my clients to uncover their unique path. My approach is holistic and eclectic which allows me to tailor my methods to suit each client's specific needs and beliefs.
To learn more, visit TheBEYOUproject.net. I am a passionate and dedicated practitioner, committed to helping individuals embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and personal growth. With a profound belief in the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit, I offer a nurturing and empathetic space where clients can explore their innermost thoughts, emotions, and spiritual dimensions. I believe in the inherent wisdom of each person and work collaboratively with my clients to uncover their unique path. My approach is holistic and eclectic which allows me to tailor my methods to suit each client's specific needs and beliefs.
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Photo of Teresa M. Eggleston, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Spokane, WA
Teresa M. Eggleston
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99207
Are you wanting to reclaim your authentic self? You want to be more in control of your anger and emotions, not be taken for a ride again and again. You "know better" yet are frustrated that you keep doing the same thing. Or maybe you're in a relationship that's disconnected and you want to revive the love and intimacy? These can be challenging issues to face alone. Unfortunately, many people learn to tune-out or dissociate in these situations, which can cause more difficulty and lead to feeling stuck or hopeless. I focus on integrative practices that address your mind, body, spirit and emotions - it's not all in your head.
Are you wanting to reclaim your authentic self? You want to be more in control of your anger and emotions, not be taken for a ride again and again. You "know better" yet are frustrated that you keep doing the same thing. Or maybe you're in a relationship that's disconnected and you want to revive the love and intimacy? These can be challenging issues to face alone. Unfortunately, many people learn to tune-out or dissociate in these situations, which can cause more difficulty and lead to feeling stuck or hopeless. I focus on integrative practices that address your mind, body, spirit and emotions - it's not all in your head.
(509) 902-6234 View (509) 902-6234
Photo of Ronda Hain, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Ronda Hain
Counselor, MS, LMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99208  (Online Only)
I help others optimize who they want to be, by addressing barriers and supporting and promoting change. I work collaboratively with individuals to build upon existing strengths to overcome obstacles. I want for others what they want for themselves; to be both content and happy in life.
I help others optimize who they want to be, by addressing barriers and supporting and promoting change. I work collaboratively with individuals to build upon existing strengths to overcome obstacles. I want for others what they want for themselves; to be both content and happy in life.
(509) 426-5031 View (509) 426-5031
Photo of Overcoming Obstacles, Mental Health Counselor in Spokane, WA
Overcoming Obstacles
Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
As a Board Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor, I am passionate about helping individuals of all ages battle anxiety. Stressful experiences can trigger anxiety and unmanaged anxiety may escalate to panic attacks. “Am I having a heart attack?” or “Am I about to die?”, are common questions when overrun with anxiety. This is your body responding to elevated fear and stress. Together we will identify tools that is unique to you overcoming the debilitating effects of anxiety. You have found someone who will listen, educate, and encourage you in your journey. Change is possible and there is hope.
As a Board Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor, I am passionate about helping individuals of all ages battle anxiety. Stressful experiences can trigger anxiety and unmanaged anxiety may escalate to panic attacks. “Am I having a heart attack?” or “Am I about to die?”, are common questions when overrun with anxiety. This is your body responding to elevated fear and stress. Together we will identify tools that is unique to you overcoming the debilitating effects of anxiety. You have found someone who will listen, educate, and encourage you in your journey. Change is possible and there is hope.
(509) 485-8839 View (509) 485-8839
Photo of Artrice S Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Artrice S Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC, MHP, CCM
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Life is a beautiful thing until one day you wake up to a nightmare. Feeling anger, anxious, betrayal, broken, defeated, loss, pain, or overwhelmed; unsure how to express your emotions or continue to live. Tired of hearing you are strong when in all actuality you feel yourself suffocating. I have been there and it is valid if you are too. A wise man once told me attack life's trials one nano second at a time and allow no one to take you out of your happy bubble. It's not the misery we face but the steps we take to overcoming those adversities to embrace your greatness. Healing is forever time to be free ReNana Your HeArt with me!
Life is a beautiful thing until one day you wake up to a nightmare. Feeling anger, anxious, betrayal, broken, defeated, loss, pain, or overwhelmed; unsure how to express your emotions or continue to live. Tired of hearing you are strong when in all actuality you feel yourself suffocating. I have been there and it is valid if you are too. A wise man once told me attack life's trials one nano second at a time and allow no one to take you out of your happy bubble. It's not the misery we face but the steps we take to overcoming those adversities to embrace your greatness. Healing is forever time to be free ReNana Your HeArt with me!
(509) 567-2573 View (509) 567-2573
Photo of Cristen Seiders, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Cristen Seiders
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Have you had difficulties connecting with a therapist before? It can feel overwhelming starting your therapy journey, and I am here to help you heal as you are ready. I have experience working as a trauma therapist and a clinical supervisor, and my focus area includes working with those affected by PTSD, human trafficking, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and emotional abuse. I have practiced through counseling centers, a human trafficking safe house, and human trafficking task force. I also provide services to children and adolescents experiencing behavioral struggles, school issues, self-harm/suicidal ideation, and other concerns.
Have you had difficulties connecting with a therapist before? It can feel overwhelming starting your therapy journey, and I am here to help you heal as you are ready. I have experience working as a trauma therapist and a clinical supervisor, and my focus area includes working with those affected by PTSD, human trafficking, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and emotional abuse. I have practiced through counseling centers, a human trafficking safe house, and human trafficking task force. I also provide services to children and adolescents experiencing behavioral struggles, school issues, self-harm/suicidal ideation, and other concerns.
(509) 512-2846 View (509) 512-2846
Photo of Inner Growth Counseling, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Inner Growth Counseling
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LMFTA, CDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99203
"Given that you are reading this, you may be experiencing stress and feeling anxious. As you take this courageous step toward solving a problem, know that working with a therapist can be collaborative, creative, and deeply meaningful. It can help with acute problems or long-standing struggles. I am now offering Saturday sessions. Please call or text my cell (503) 910-6571 for appointments or questions. I look forward to hearing from you. Good thoughts, Teresa
"Given that you are reading this, you may be experiencing stress and feeling anxious. As you take this courageous step toward solving a problem, know that working with a therapist can be collaborative, creative, and deeply meaningful. It can help with acute problems or long-standing struggles. I am now offering Saturday sessions. Please call or text my cell (503) 910-6571 for appointments or questions. I look forward to hearing from you. Good thoughts, Teresa
(509) 769-3793 View (509) 769-3793
Photo of Dustin L Price, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Dustin L Price
Counselor, LMHA, MA, MBA
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201
Ready to identify your next destination? Let's journey together, embracing change and growth. Reach out today for a transformative future. As a seasoned professional with diverse experiences, I understand the complexities of balancing personal and professional demands. My core passion is helping you achieve goals and facilitate healing. True wealth is about finding peace and fulfillment.
Ready to identify your next destination? Let's journey together, embracing change and growth. Reach out today for a transformative future. As a seasoned professional with diverse experiences, I understand the complexities of balancing personal and professional demands. My core passion is helping you achieve goals and facilitate healing. True wealth is about finding peace and fulfillment.
(509) 517-7241 View (509) 517-7241
Photo of Lee Gilman, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Spokane, WA
Lee Gilman
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
In order for us to grow, we must challenge our preconceived notions of self and experiences, as those are what shape our truths. We are not alone, even when it feels as if we are. We are connected to the thousands of lives that have touched ours and have had a hand in creating who we are. I approach my work through a systemic lens, in other words, I see the world as a huge ball of yarn. Those strings are our connectedness, the relationships we hold that connect us to our culture, our family, our history, and our future.
In order for us to grow, we must challenge our preconceived notions of self and experiences, as those are what shape our truths. We are not alone, even when it feels as if we are. We are connected to the thousands of lives that have touched ours and have had a hand in creating who we are. I approach my work through a systemic lens, in other words, I see the world as a huge ball of yarn. Those strings are our connectedness, the relationships we hold that connect us to our culture, our family, our history, and our future.
(708) 304-9979 x9483 View (708) 304-9979 x9483
Photo of Dr. Ivy Loney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Dr. Ivy Loney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DBH, LSWAIC, LMSW
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99201  (Online Only)
Are you sick and tired of feeling sick and tired? Have your goals and the vision of the way your life "should be" stolen your appreciation for life in the moment? Are you ready to live with more contentment and resilience, rather than feeling overwhelmed and stressed all the time? It does not have to be this way, life does not have to be so difficult. If you are motivated to find more joy and peace in this life, let's work together.
Are you sick and tired of feeling sick and tired? Have your goals and the vision of the way your life "should be" stolen your appreciation for life in the moment? Are you ready to live with more contentment and resilience, rather than feeling overwhelmed and stressed all the time? It does not have to be this way, life does not have to be so difficult. If you are motivated to find more joy and peace in this life, let's work together.
(425) 640-7009 x1 View (425) 640-7009 x1
Photo of Ray William Smith, Counselor in Spokane, WA
Ray William Smith
Counselor, EdD, DMin
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99218
Do You Want the Pain to Stop? From time to time, life gives us difficult issues. Having someone who will listen, and who has the ability to offer useful guidance, can be helpful. We work together to end your turmoil and pain in as brief amount of time as possible. Gaining new insights and skills can help resolve tough issues, even long-standing ones. - Please Share Your Story With Me - The issues in our lives that cause us emotional pain or that we struggle with fall into some general categories.
Do You Want the Pain to Stop? From time to time, life gives us difficult issues. Having someone who will listen, and who has the ability to offer useful guidance, can be helpful. We work together to end your turmoil and pain in as brief amount of time as possible. Gaining new insights and skills can help resolve tough issues, even long-standing ones. - Please Share Your Story With Me - The issues in our lives that cause us emotional pain or that we struggle with fall into some general categories.
(509) 293-9795 x1 View (509) 293-9795 x1
Photo of Tye L Sheller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Spokane, WA
Tye L Sheller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Spokane, WA 99223
Welcome! I am a dedicated psychotherapist with a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree from Eastern Washington University. My professional journey led me to social work because I firmly believe in the profound impact of one's environment on their personal development and well-being. Everyone’s unique experiences shape their present circumstances, and it is my commitment to meet you exactly where you are on your journey, supporting you in reaching your desired destination. With a comprehensive understanding of social work principles and a passion for empowering individuals, I am equipped to provide compassionate and effective therapy.
Welcome! I am a dedicated psychotherapist with a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree from Eastern Washington University. My professional journey led me to social work because I firmly believe in the profound impact of one's environment on their personal development and well-being. Everyone’s unique experiences shape their present circumstances, and it is my commitment to meet you exactly where you are on your journey, supporting you in reaching your desired destination. With a comprehensive understanding of social work principles and a passion for empowering individuals, I am equipped to provide compassionate and effective therapy.
(509) 778-5137 View (509) 778-5137

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Spokane, WA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Spokane, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Premera
72% Aetna
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Spokane, WA see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Spokane?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.