Photo of Taunya M Gesner, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Taunya M Gesner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
Sometimes when the world feels overwhelming, we don't connect how past abuse has led us to emotions that feel out of control. It's like when stress builds up over lots of little things and you finally snap at someone you care about in a way you didn't mean. Or feeling overly tired of trying to live in this world because every choice you make seems hard and a large amount of effort. These are things I can help with. Additionally - if you are struggling with your significant other, like feeling not heard, or having problems in the bedroom, or feeling like you are carrying more than your share; we can work on this together.
Sometimes when the world feels overwhelming, we don't connect how past abuse has led us to emotions that feel out of control. It's like when stress builds up over lots of little things and you finally snap at someone you care about in a way you didn't mean. Or feeling overly tired of trying to live in this world because every choice you make seems hard and a large amount of effort. These are things I can help with. Additionally - if you are struggling with your significant other, like feeling not heard, or having problems in the bedroom, or feeling like you are carrying more than your share; we can work on this together.
(971) 274-5497 View (971) 274-5497
Photo of Leah Chambers, MA, NCC, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Leah Chambers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
Now accepting new clients! I am currently supporting emerging adults, college students, and women. Clients often come to me for support with relieving symptoms associated with trauma, attachment injuries, interpersonal problems, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and low self-esteem. Life can be messy, hard, and painful. I enjoy helping clients process challenges, as well as build skills for managing life's stressors and developing resilience.
Now accepting new clients! I am currently supporting emerging adults, college students, and women. Clients often come to me for support with relieving symptoms associated with trauma, attachment injuries, interpersonal problems, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, and low self-esteem. Life can be messy, hard, and painful. I enjoy helping clients process challenges, as well as build skills for managing life's stressors and developing resilience.
(503) 647-6861 View (503) 647-6861
Photo of Stephanie Gallian - Wishing Wellness Counseling and Coaching, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wishing Wellness Counseling and Coaching
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gresham, OR 97080
Email is best, not calls! I work most often with anxiety, trauma, depression, interpersonal relationships, life changes, work-related stress, and chronic pain. I take a very practical approach to helping you find peace and healing with your struggles. This is a safe, non-judgmental place to receive validation, support, feedback, and proactive help. Email is best to reach me, not phone, as phone calls disturb sessions and I don't have office staff to help me respond in a timely fashion.
Email is best, not calls! I work most often with anxiety, trauma, depression, interpersonal relationships, life changes, work-related stress, and chronic pain. I take a very practical approach to helping you find peace and healing with your struggles. This is a safe, non-judgmental place to receive validation, support, feedback, and proactive help. Email is best to reach me, not phone, as phone calls disturb sessions and I don't have office staff to help me respond in a timely fashion.
(503) 966-3306 View (503) 966-3306
Photo of Courtney Baczko, LICSW, CADCIII, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Courtney Baczko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CADCIII, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
If this is your first time looking for a therapist, or continuing your journey into self discovery finding someone to connect with may feel like a difficult task. I believe that the most important step in finding success in therapy is connecting with someone who understands you and can hear your perspective and respectfully challenge your thought process. Whether you are someone who comes to this setting thinking, “I don’t even know where to start,” or are coming with a list of tasks to begin working on, I would enjoy getting to know you.
If this is your first time looking for a therapist, or continuing your journey into self discovery finding someone to connect with may feel like a difficult task. I believe that the most important step in finding success in therapy is connecting with someone who understands you and can hear your perspective and respectfully challenge your thought process. Whether you are someone who comes to this setting thinking, “I don’t even know where to start,” or are coming with a list of tasks to begin working on, I would enjoy getting to know you.
(503) 852-5193 View (503) 852-5193
Photo of Sandra Caroompas Psychotherapist, MA, LMFT, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sandra Caroompas Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LLC
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
Life is a journey! Do you feel overwhelmed, distressed, disconnected or lost, is your life hard to navigate. I believe that compassionate, reflective therapy can help restore vitality and renew hope. Individuals, couples, children/families, experience emotional struggles and challenging behaviors because of the impact of a variety of past and present variables, not because of weakness. Symptoms/Behaviors are simply indicators of need, and actually illuminate innate strength that guides healing. I'mabout collaborating with you to build strengths, explore barriers to enjoyment of life, and create a joyful resilience.
Life is a journey! Do you feel overwhelmed, distressed, disconnected or lost, is your life hard to navigate. I believe that compassionate, reflective therapy can help restore vitality and renew hope. Individuals, couples, children/families, experience emotional struggles and challenging behaviors because of the impact of a variety of past and present variables, not because of weakness. Symptoms/Behaviors are simply indicators of need, and actually illuminate innate strength that guides healing. I'mabout collaborating with you to build strengths, explore barriers to enjoyment of life, and create a joyful resilience.
(541) 216-6743 View (541) 216-6743
Photo of Alexis Schofield, MA, LMHCA
Alexis Schofield
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself struggling with feelings of worry, anxiety, or stress on a daily basis? Are you someone who struggles with self acceptance, negative thoughts, and finding your value in the world? Maybe you are dealing with past trauma that is affecting you in the present. Maybe you are experiencing difficulty coping and feel burnt out. You are tired of surviving and want to find a way to thrive in your life. You want to experience fulfilling relationships with others and with yourself. I care deeply about developing a strong therapeutic relationship where you feel seen, heard, and understood.
Do you find yourself struggling with feelings of worry, anxiety, or stress on a daily basis? Are you someone who struggles with self acceptance, negative thoughts, and finding your value in the world? Maybe you are dealing with past trauma that is affecting you in the present. Maybe you are experiencing difficulty coping and feel burnt out. You are tired of surviving and want to find a way to thrive in your life. You want to experience fulfilling relationships with others and with yourself. I care deeply about developing a strong therapeutic relationship where you feel seen, heard, and understood.
(503) 506-2939 View (503) 506-2939
Photo of Ryan Altstadt, LPC, QMHP-C, Counselor
Ryan Altstadt
Counselor, LPC, QMHP-C
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
While counseling is a collaborative process, I have found it to be most successful and more sustaining when it is client-centered and driven. I have the honor to offer you my slice of proficiency. But, you are the expert in your life and it is thus your vision, your goals, and your strengths that will guide our work together. Wellness is a dynamic endeavor and our efforts will extend beyond the therapy room as we collaborate to exchange formal intervention and active treatment with informal support and on-going self-care. Counseling is an incredible guardrail. Yet, you are the pilot of your life's path and I but your humble guide.
While counseling is a collaborative process, I have found it to be most successful and more sustaining when it is client-centered and driven. I have the honor to offer you my slice of proficiency. But, you are the expert in your life and it is thus your vision, your goals, and your strengths that will guide our work together. Wellness is a dynamic endeavor and our efforts will extend beyond the therapy room as we collaborate to exchange formal intervention and active treatment with informal support and on-going self-care. Counseling is an incredible guardrail. Yet, you are the pilot of your life's path and I but your humble guide.
(503) 836-8655 View (503) 836-8655
Photo of Stacia Stacy Mandzij, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacia Stacy Mandzij
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Stacy believes every person has a unique way of seeing the world and they deserve to feel heard and unconditionally accepted. Her therapy style is relational, and she strives to create a safe space for individuals to set and reach their unique therapeutic goals. She works collaboratively with clients to increase awareness, explore patterns in emotions, thoughts and behaviors, understand and trust themselves, and face challenges. She uses an integrative approach that is culturally sensitive, trauma informed, and strength-based.
Stacy believes every person has a unique way of seeing the world and they deserve to feel heard and unconditionally accepted. Her therapy style is relational, and she strives to create a safe space for individuals to set and reach their unique therapeutic goals. She works collaboratively with clients to increase awareness, explore patterns in emotions, thoughts and behaviors, understand and trust themselves, and face challenges. She uses an integrative approach that is culturally sensitive, trauma informed, and strength-based.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Elizabeth Baxt, MS, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elizabeth Baxt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, let me introduce myself to you. I am a therapist who is dedicated to work with clients motivated to improve their lives in these days of uncertainty and change. I have been in practice since 1975 and have worked with clients presenting with a wide range of problems and concerns. At this point in my practice I am looking to work with. clients who need help and coaching with parenting skills for their young children, college students who are struggling with antisemitism on their college campus, or mature individuals ready to retire or change direction.
Hello, let me introduce myself to you. I am a therapist who is dedicated to work with clients motivated to improve their lives in these days of uncertainty and change. I have been in practice since 1975 and have worked with clients presenting with a wide range of problems and concerns. At this point in my practice I am looking to work with. clients who need help and coaching with parenting skills for their young children, college students who are struggling with antisemitism on their college campus, or mature individuals ready to retire or change direction.
(909) 265-4901 View (909) 265-4901
Photo of Nathaniel Brown, PhD,  CSWA
Nathaniel Brown
Clinical Social Work Associate, PhD, CSWA
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Nathan believes in a treatment philosophy and goal that helps clients tell their stories through guidance and support while offering appropriate interventions to help resolve, and cope with, challenges impacting activities of daily living and human functioning. His theoretical approach is personcentered, analytic psychology, multicultural and social justice counseling, feminist and womanist theory, narrative theory, solution focused, existentialism, systems, and depth therapy.
Nathan believes in a treatment philosophy and goal that helps clients tell their stories through guidance and support while offering appropriate interventions to help resolve, and cope with, challenges impacting activities of daily living and human functioning. His theoretical approach is personcentered, analytic psychology, multicultural and social justice counseling, feminist and womanist theory, narrative theory, solution focused, existentialism, systems, and depth therapy.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Nicole Trammel, PsyD, Psychologist
Nicole Trammel
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Nicole utilizes a traumainformed approach informed by attachment theory and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) principles. Her areas of focus include PTSD, complex trauma, depression, ADHD, and anxiety. In her spare time, Nicole enjoys playing video games, reading, listening to music, and living a cozy life.
Nicole utilizes a traumainformed approach informed by attachment theory and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) principles. Her areas of focus include PTSD, complex trauma, depression, ADHD, and anxiety. In her spare time, Nicole enjoys playing video games, reading, listening to music, and living a cozy life.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Cecilia Zoeller, MSW,  LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cecilia Zoeller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Cecilia Zoeller is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Oregon who has been practicing since 2006. She has a Bachelor’s of Arts degree from California State University, and a Master’s degree in Social Work from Portland State University. Cecilia provides traumainformed treatment and specializes in grief work, depression, anxiety, and trauma. She offers supportive listening and activities to complete treatment goals. Cecilia uses tools and therapies that are unique to each person(s). In her free time, Cecilia loves animals. She loves her Cocker Spaniel and Border Collie, ZB. He is so cute, so smart and obedient.
Cecilia Zoeller is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Oregon who has been practicing since 2006. She has a Bachelor’s of Arts degree from California State University, and a Master’s degree in Social Work from Portland State University. Cecilia provides traumainformed treatment and specializes in grief work, depression, anxiety, and trauma. She offers supportive listening and activities to complete treatment goals. Cecilia uses tools and therapies that are unique to each person(s). In her free time, Cecilia loves animals. She loves her Cocker Spaniel and Border Collie, ZB. He is so cute, so smart and obedient.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of David Frazee, MA,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
David Frazee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
At age 30 I started at the University of Oregon, earning a Bachelor’s degree in General Social Science and then earned a Master of Arts Degree at Bushnell University in Professional Counseling. Coursework began with human development and theory of treatment for mental illness. We also learned about testing and assessment, developing diagnosis and overview of treatment options to help individuals to reach and maintain and optimal mental state. I believe that each person can reach an optimum state of health, mental and physical and that the individual holds the key to that state.
At age 30 I started at the University of Oregon, earning a Bachelor’s degree in General Social Science and then earned a Master of Arts Degree at Bushnell University in Professional Counseling. Coursework began with human development and theory of treatment for mental illness. We also learned about testing and assessment, developing diagnosis and overview of treatment options to help individuals to reach and maintain and optimal mental state. I believe that each person can reach an optimum state of health, mental and physical and that the individual holds the key to that state.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Hunter Schow, MA,  QMHP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Hunter Schow
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, QMHP
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Hunter Schow is a dedicated Doctoral Intern at LifeStance Health in Oregon, committed to helping individuals uncover their strengths and achieve personal growth. Serving adolescents, young adults, and adults, Hunter focuses on creating a supportive and understanding environment where clients can explore their unique stories and develop self-efficacy. He believes that every person’s life makes sense and that understanding one’s experiences is key to overcoming challenges such as anxiety, depression, and Trauma.
Hunter Schow is a dedicated Doctoral Intern at LifeStance Health in Oregon, committed to helping individuals uncover their strengths and achieve personal growth. Serving adolescents, young adults, and adults, Hunter focuses on creating a supportive and understanding environment where clients can explore their unique stories and develop self-efficacy. He believes that every person’s life makes sense and that understanding one’s experiences is key to overcoming challenges such as anxiety, depression, and Trauma.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Kathryn Clark, MC,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kathryn Clark
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Kathryn provides a client centered and trauma informed approach in addition to encouraging creative problem solving. She pulls from various therapies including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, SolutionFocused Brief Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) in collaboration with client goals. Kathryn has lived in multiple regions around the US including both coasts and in her spare time enjoys film, Zumba, and travel.
Kathryn provides a client centered and trauma informed approach in addition to encouraging creative problem solving. She pulls from various therapies including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, SolutionFocused Brief Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) in collaboration with client goals. Kathryn has lived in multiple regions around the US including both coasts and in her spare time enjoys film, Zumba, and travel.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Karen McVicker, MSW,  LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karen McVicker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Karen is a clientcentered therapist who believes that the clients knows themselves the best. Therefore she is an eclectic therapist who chooses among a variety of different modalities to provide them with the tools that will be most effective for them. She has experience in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), play therapy, and traumafocused CBT.
Karen is a clientcentered therapist who believes that the clients knows themselves the best. Therefore she is an eclectic therapist who chooses among a variety of different modalities to provide them with the tools that will be most effective for them. She has experience in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), play therapy, and traumafocused CBT.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Dena Sites, MSW,  LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dena Sites
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Dena Sites is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Oregon who has been practicing since 2012. Dena is a dedicated and compassionate therapist committed to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and cultivate emotional wellbeing. She believes that every person has the potential for growth, healing, and personal transformation, and she is here to provide a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. With a deep understanding of various therapeutic approaches and a clientcentered approach, Dena strives to tailor sessions to your unique needs and goals.
Dena Sites is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Oregon who has been practicing since 2012. Dena is a dedicated and compassionate therapist committed to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and cultivate emotional wellbeing. She believes that every person has the potential for growth, healing, and personal transformation, and she is here to provide a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. With a deep understanding of various therapeutic approaches and a clientcentered approach, Dena strives to tailor sessions to your unique needs and goals.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Chelsea Trujillo, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chelsea Trujillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
In her free time, Chelsea enjoys spending time with her family and friends, exploring all the PNW has to offer. She looks forward to meeting you!
In her free time, Chelsea enjoys spending time with her family and friends, exploring all the PNW has to offer. She looks forward to meeting you!
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Lindsey Romo, MA,  CSWA
Lindsey Romo
Clinical Social Work Associate, MA, CSWA
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Lindsey Romo is a Qualified Mental Health Associate Registrant in Oregon who has been practicing since 2023. She has a Master of Social Work from Portland State University. Lindsey has had extensive direct youth service experience and has demonstrated success in building trusting relationships with students of different ages. She has supported children experiencing crisis, assisting them in learning strategies to address communication, behavior, and sensory needs. Lindsey believes in the power of relationship building and uses a strengthsbased approach when working with kids.
Lindsey Romo is a Qualified Mental Health Associate Registrant in Oregon who has been practicing since 2023. She has a Master of Social Work from Portland State University. Lindsey has had extensive direct youth service experience and has demonstrated success in building trusting relationships with students of different ages. She has supported children experiencing crisis, assisting them in learning strategies to address communication, behavior, and sensory needs. Lindsey believes in the power of relationship building and uses a strengthsbased approach when working with kids.
(833) 996-1403 View (833) 996-1403
Photo of Ruben True-Romero, MA,  APC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ruben True-Romero
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, APC
Verified Verified
Gresham, OR 97080
Ruben passionately believes in offering supportive and inclusive spaces for everyone needing mental health care. He provides specialized therapy for adults and teens who are feeling weighed down with depression, anxiety, traumatic stress reactions, addictions, identity issues, life transitions, and grief/healing process. He grounds his work in affective neuroscience, emotion theory, neurobiology of trauma, selfdetermination theory, and attachment theory. Ruben is humanisticexperiential in his therapeutic approach, and he adapts his intervention methods to each person’s processing style to ensure that care is client centered.
Ruben passionately believes in offering supportive and inclusive spaces for everyone needing mental health care. He provides specialized therapy for adults and teens who are feeling weighed down with depression, anxiety, traumatic stress reactions, addictions, identity issues, life transitions, and grief/healing process. He grounds his work in affective neuroscience, emotion theory, neurobiology of trauma, selfdetermination theory, and attachment theory. Ruben is humanisticexperiential in his therapeutic approach, and he adapts his intervention methods to each person’s processing style to ensure that care is client centered.
(971) 459-1869 View (971) 459-1869
1

See more therapy options for 97080

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 97080

40+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 97080 who prioritize treating:

98% Anxiety
95% Depression
91% Trauma and PTSD
70% Grief
66% Life Transitions
55% Relationship Issues
55% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
64% PacificSource
64% Other

How Therapists in 97080 see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 97080?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.