Photo of Laurie Beth Richardson, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Laurie Beth Richardson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
The idea that one learns by experiencing and is truly capable of making the necessary shifts in their lives is a mantra I live by. When one person mirrors another with gentle listening, others are able to clearly see what no longer works in their lives. Ingrained habits coming from difficult childhoods could be the very source of havoc, that with conscious awareness, can shift. Perhaps the way one communicates is keeping love from flowing in your life. Maybe parenting a child who reminds you of yourself means confronting yourself on a deeply personal level. Or perhaps it is simply a life transition that is simply too much.
The idea that one learns by experiencing and is truly capable of making the necessary shifts in their lives is a mantra I live by. When one person mirrors another with gentle listening, others are able to clearly see what no longer works in their lives. Ingrained habits coming from difficult childhoods could be the very source of havoc, that with conscious awareness, can shift. Perhaps the way one communicates is keeping love from flowing in your life. Maybe parenting a child who reminds you of yourself means confronting yourself on a deeply personal level. Or perhaps it is simply a life transition that is simply too much.
(916) 249-5182 View (916) 249-5182
Photo of Brave Passages Affirming Therapy, Psychologist in 95816, CA
Brave Passages Affirming Therapy
Psychologist, EdD, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
I’m Dr. Kate Bautch (she/they), a licensed clinical psychologist and trail guide for people whose identities and experiences fall outside of the status quo (queer, neurodiverse, chronically ill/disabled and their families, ethically non-monogamous) and who need support navigating a path that is not the well-traveled trail of societal norms. Here you do not have to worry about educating someone on your experience, and the focus can be entirely on you and the support you need.
I’m Dr. Kate Bautch (she/they), a licensed clinical psychologist and trail guide for people whose identities and experiences fall outside of the status quo (queer, neurodiverse, chronically ill/disabled and their families, ethically non-monogamous) and who need support navigating a path that is not the well-traveled trail of societal norms. Here you do not have to worry about educating someone on your experience, and the focus can be entirely on you and the support you need.
(916) 756-9198 View (916) 756-9198
Photo of Alive Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Alive Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
Jeff Wilfong, LMFT, LPCC. Therapy reduces suffering and creates possibility for healthy changes. It is one of the best investments that you can make as you gain awareness and learn about problematic patterns. Everyone is at their own change-readiness level and I will support you where you are at. I am familiar with most psychological issues or relationship concerns, as I have worked in numerous settings and generally I have said "Yes!" to everyone along the way.
Jeff Wilfong, LMFT, LPCC. Therapy reduces suffering and creates possibility for healthy changes. It is one of the best investments that you can make as you gain awareness and learn about problematic patterns. Everyone is at their own change-readiness level and I will support you where you are at. I am familiar with most psychological issues or relationship concerns, as I have worked in numerous settings and generally I have said "Yes!" to everyone along the way.
(855) 281-3534 View (855) 281-3534
Photo of Steve Kempster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95816, CA
Steve Kempster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
Do you feel that something is holding you back? That your best Self awaits? When life presents challenges we can get stuck in emotional ruts and self-defeating thought patterns. Though we put our best foot forward, our relationships can falter, work feels insurmountable, or anxiety becomes overwhelming. You do not need to take this on alone. I will support you to grow into the version of yourself that has the capacity to understand what's holding you back, work through those barriers. We will find ways to be generative and psychologically flexible to give you the confidence to adventure on your path.
Do you feel that something is holding you back? That your best Self awaits? When life presents challenges we can get stuck in emotional ruts and self-defeating thought patterns. Though we put our best foot forward, our relationships can falter, work feels insurmountable, or anxiety becomes overwhelming. You do not need to take this on alone. I will support you to grow into the version of yourself that has the capacity to understand what's holding you back, work through those barriers. We will find ways to be generative and psychologically flexible to give you the confidence to adventure on your path.
(916) 584-9165 View (916) 584-9165
Photo of Jane Teixeira, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Jane Teixeira
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Hello and welcome! If you'd like to create more space for joy, connection, and calm in your life, I would love to work with you! I specialize in treating depression, trauma, anxiety, stress, self-esteem issues, body image issues, and perfectionism. I use a person-centered approach and mindfulness to help create a safe space for you to reflect on your relationship patterns and goals. I also like to infuse behavioral therapy techniques to help you hone in on concrete steps you can take to make active changes in your life. I hope to help you find more meaning, creativity, and joy in life.
Hello and welcome! If you'd like to create more space for joy, connection, and calm in your life, I would love to work with you! I specialize in treating depression, trauma, anxiety, stress, self-esteem issues, body image issues, and perfectionism. I use a person-centered approach and mindfulness to help create a safe space for you to reflect on your relationship patterns and goals. I also like to infuse behavioral therapy techniques to help you hone in on concrete steps you can take to make active changes in your life. I hope to help you find more meaning, creativity, and joy in life.
(916) 634-0156 View (916) 634-0156
Photo of Ellen Garavatti, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Ellen Garavatti
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
Maybe you've been feeling confused, worried, or just in friction with work, your relationship, or your day-today activities. It's like the harder you try, the more messy things get. Often, you understand WHAT is happening, but how it feels and why is very foggy. How much longer can I (or we) do this for? I'm exhausted; we're exhausted. I'd like to offer that this is not "just how life is". Your life can be easier. Your relationship can be more accessible & consistent. You can feel more confident, more at ease, & more aligned.
Maybe you've been feeling confused, worried, or just in friction with work, your relationship, or your day-today activities. It's like the harder you try, the more messy things get. Often, you understand WHAT is happening, but how it feels and why is very foggy. How much longer can I (or we) do this for? I'm exhausted; we're exhausted. I'd like to offer that this is not "just how life is". Your life can be easier. Your relationship can be more accessible & consistent. You can feel more confident, more at ease, & more aligned.
(530) 296-3355 View (530) 296-3355
Photo of Rozhia Taylor, Pre-Licensed Professional in 95816, CA
Rozhia Taylor
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
We are all an incredible kaleidoscope of identities we hold, experiences we've had, people we love & things we believe. There is no one right way to be, but there is an incredible release that comes with accepting yourself exactly the way you are. Therapy with me is not the cookie-cutter experience you may have had in the past. In this room, I show up in a real and authentic way to help you do the work of uncovering what makes you feel whole. My clients look to me as someone to help them debunk the lies they believe about themselves, rewrite their stories, find hope in the midst of loss & discover a new perspective.
We are all an incredible kaleidoscope of identities we hold, experiences we've had, people we love & things we believe. There is no one right way to be, but there is an incredible release that comes with accepting yourself exactly the way you are. Therapy with me is not the cookie-cutter experience you may have had in the past. In this room, I show up in a real and authentic way to help you do the work of uncovering what makes you feel whole. My clients look to me as someone to help them debunk the lies they believe about themselves, rewrite their stories, find hope in the midst of loss & discover a new perspective.
(530) 420-8917 View (530) 420-8917
Photo of Sarah Marie Collins, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Sarah Marie Collins
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
My approach is strength based, solution focused, and client centered. Clients are the experts in their own lives and I am honored to be a trusted support person to them. I believe all people struggle with issues that they can use support in coping with. I can provide a non-judgmental and empathetic position to allow clients to feel safe in confiding in me. I will also be doing all that I can to assess for their safety and take necessary steps to improve their safety. My method is to identify the primary issues, establish goals and work to support the client in applying techniques and skills to meet those goals.
My approach is strength based, solution focused, and client centered. Clients are the experts in their own lives and I am honored to be a trusted support person to them. I believe all people struggle with issues that they can use support in coping with. I can provide a non-judgmental and empathetic position to allow clients to feel safe in confiding in me. I will also be doing all that I can to assess for their safety and take necessary steps to improve their safety. My method is to identify the primary issues, establish goals and work to support the client in applying techniques and skills to meet those goals.
(916) 224-5847 View (916) 224-5847
Photo of Rebecca Shepherd, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Rebecca Shepherd
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Do you want to experience life with less burdensome patterns getting in the way, meet challenges with less anxiety, and heal from limiting self-criticism and shame? I will help you meet all of the parts of yourself with reverence and compassion as we tend to the wounds that are ready for healing.
Do you want to experience life with less burdensome patterns getting in the way, meet challenges with less anxiety, and heal from limiting self-criticism and shame? I will help you meet all of the parts of yourself with reverence and compassion as we tend to the wounds that are ready for healing.
(916) 249-1805 View (916) 249-1805
Photo of Adam Sisson, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 95816, CA
Adam Sisson
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
Hello and welcome! It takes courage to reach out for help. Congratulate yourself, searching this site is a win! I am a good fit for someone who is working through trauma and the symptoms of trauma: depression, anxiety, detachment from self and others, and addiction. I focus on creating deeper and more meaningful relationships with yourself, your loved ones, and the world around you. I believe we are always on a journey to create a meaningful story for our lives, and I believe our need for healthy and meaningful relationships is core to the human experience.
Hello and welcome! It takes courage to reach out for help. Congratulate yourself, searching this site is a win! I am a good fit for someone who is working through trauma and the symptoms of trauma: depression, anxiety, detachment from self and others, and addiction. I focus on creating deeper and more meaningful relationships with yourself, your loved ones, and the world around you. I believe we are always on a journey to create a meaningful story for our lives, and I believe our need for healthy and meaningful relationships is core to the human experience.
(530) 290-8422 View (530) 290-8422
Photo of Ann Marie McKnight, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Ann Marie McKnight
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Are you in the midst of an overwhelming life circumstance or reeling from loss? Are you feeling alone, scared or uncertain about your ability to cope? You deserve support from someone who will help you develop the skills to move forward in your life! I have years of experience helping individuals, couples and families to feel less alone by providing them with a safe, sensitive and non-judgmental space to unload their burdens, reduce feelings of isolation, restore hope and increase their personal functioning. Visit www.lovehealgrow.com to schedule or learn more.
Are you in the midst of an overwhelming life circumstance or reeling from loss? Are you feeling alone, scared or uncertain about your ability to cope? You deserve support from someone who will help you develop the skills to move forward in your life! I have years of experience helping individuals, couples and families to feel less alone by providing them with a safe, sensitive and non-judgmental space to unload their burdens, reduce feelings of isolation, restore hope and increase their personal functioning. Visit www.lovehealgrow.com to schedule or learn more.
(530) 424-2063 View (530) 424-2063
Photo of Kathryn Rabak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95816, CA
Kathryn Rabak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
Need change? If you’re searching for a safe space to explore your identities, learn how to manage life stressors, deal with emotional baggage that weighs you down, or equip yourself with tools to reach your goals, you’ve taken an important first step towards change. In the space we’ll build together during our work, I’ll strive to help you recognize patterns, learn about yourself, and develop skills, knowledge, and awareness that allow you to move towards the best version of your life and yourself.
Need change? If you’re searching for a safe space to explore your identities, learn how to manage life stressors, deal with emotional baggage that weighs you down, or equip yourself with tools to reach your goals, you’ve taken an important first step towards change. In the space we’ll build together during our work, I’ll strive to help you recognize patterns, learn about yourself, and develop skills, knowledge, and awareness that allow you to move towards the best version of your life and yourself.
(916) 571-9481 View (916) 571-9481
Photo of Samaria Parada, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 95816, CA
Samaria Parada
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
I help​ individuals and couples who are feeling stuck, worried, or unsure of things as they hope for better in the future. You can experience more fulfillment in your life and relationships! I’m here to support you.
I help​ individuals and couples who are feeling stuck, worried, or unsure of things as they hope for better in the future. You can experience more fulfillment in your life and relationships! I’m here to support you.
(530) 261-8615 View (530) 261-8615
Photo of Prof. Jasmine S Ali, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95816, CA
Prof. Jasmine S Ali
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
I believe in working with my clients to develop collaborative goals that will allow us to utilize evidence-based, culturally-responsive and faith-based interventions, as desired. My methods incorporate both eastern and western healing interventions and always begin with a holistic life assessment. Too often clinicians work to make the symptoms feel more manageable. I like to do things differently. I work alongside my clients to discover the root causes of their struggles and witness my clients empowering themselves to unravel those unhealthy habits and replace them with healthy ones. Together we can learn how to heal and thrive.
I believe in working with my clients to develop collaborative goals that will allow us to utilize evidence-based, culturally-responsive and faith-based interventions, as desired. My methods incorporate both eastern and western healing interventions and always begin with a holistic life assessment. Too often clinicians work to make the symptoms feel more manageable. I like to do things differently. I work alongside my clients to discover the root causes of their struggles and witness my clients empowering themselves to unravel those unhealthy habits and replace them with healthy ones. Together we can learn how to heal and thrive.
(530) 464-1927 View (530) 464-1927
Photo of Vasily Todoriko, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Vasily Todoriko
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
Relationships move us, give us life, and can even suck the life out of us. We were made for them. That is why I specialize in them - relationships with friends, family, colleagues, ourselves, our higher power. Properly realigning these problematic, strained, estranged relationships transforms your suffering into purposeful, worthwhile living. Ultimately your fullest life is my goal as your therapist. The greatest gift you can bring to your relationships is you. The best gift you can give the world is your relationships. What will you choose to do with these two important aspects of your one life?
Relationships move us, give us life, and can even suck the life out of us. We were made for them. That is why I specialize in them - relationships with friends, family, colleagues, ourselves, our higher power. Properly realigning these problematic, strained, estranged relationships transforms your suffering into purposeful, worthwhile living. Ultimately your fullest life is my goal as your therapist. The greatest gift you can bring to your relationships is you. The best gift you can give the world is your relationships. What will you choose to do with these two important aspects of your one life?
(805) 973-0751 View (805) 973-0751
Photo of Melanie Ernould, Psychologist in 95816, CA
Melanie Ernould
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
I have almost 20 years of experience working with wonderful children and young adults with difficult behaviors and struggles, and their families. I have been running my private practice for 6 years and, 4 years ago, started building a farm sanctuary where I hold children’s therapeutic camps and equine assisted and farm play therapy. I have a lot of unique training and education that sets me apart. I am a skilled big picture thinker and can help guide you and your family through the process, gaining clarity along the way. I am playful and gentle in my therapy, and easily connect with my clients, big and small, authentically.
I have almost 20 years of experience working with wonderful children and young adults with difficult behaviors and struggles, and their families. I have been running my private practice for 6 years and, 4 years ago, started building a farm sanctuary where I hold children’s therapeutic camps and equine assisted and farm play therapy. I have a lot of unique training and education that sets me apart. I am a skilled big picture thinker and can help guide you and your family through the process, gaining clarity along the way. I am playful and gentle in my therapy, and easily connect with my clients, big and small, authentically.
(916) 262-7229 View (916) 262-7229
Photo of Dr. Joel Minden, Psychologist in 95816, CA
Dr. Joel Minden
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
Now offering teletherapy for clients in the Sacramento area. If you struggle with anxiety or depression, you know how difficult it can be to cope. Anxiety is easy to recognize. We worry more, avoid difficult situations, and feel tense, awkward, or ineffective. Depression feels exhausting and hopeless. We judge ourselves and others harshly, feel intense sadness, and become passive. It can feel like we can't do anything right or that things never go our way. Imagine being more active, skilled, and competent, communicating more effectively in relationships, being more productive at work or school, and feeling more satisfied with life.
Now offering teletherapy for clients in the Sacramento area. If you struggle with anxiety or depression, you know how difficult it can be to cope. Anxiety is easy to recognize. We worry more, avoid difficult situations, and feel tense, awkward, or ineffective. Depression feels exhausting and hopeless. We judge ourselves and others harshly, feel intense sadness, and become passive. It can feel like we can't do anything right or that things never go our way. Imagine being more active, skilled, and competent, communicating more effectively in relationships, being more productive at work or school, and feeling more satisfied with life.
(916) 378-7726 View (916) 378-7726
Photo of Sandra Anderson, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Sandra Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
If you have past trauma then you likely also experience anxiety. I specialize in clients with anxiety due to trauma, ADHD, or OCD. I work with individuals and with couples. Relationships can be confusing and painful for those who have had past trauma, ADHD or OCD. However, there are ways to heal through your past and experience a healthy relationship.
If you have past trauma then you likely also experience anxiety. I specialize in clients with anxiety due to trauma, ADHD, or OCD. I work with individuals and with couples. Relationships can be confusing and painful for those who have had past trauma, ADHD or OCD. However, there are ways to heal through your past and experience a healthy relationship.
View
Photo of Rahul Ragu, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95816, CA
Rahul Ragu
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
I work with clients who have social anxiety, shyness, and feel awkward and out of place. They want to feel better about themselves and their circumstances. They may have been through a difficult childhood and trauma and abuse. They are motivated to get better and want to speak to someone who is nonjudgmental and compassionate. Clients have opened up to me about their deepest traumas and secrets that they have not shared with anyone else. I feel honored to be part of my client's journey and help them to find solutions. I have a strong client centered approach blended with a CBT intervention based approach.
I work with clients who have social anxiety, shyness, and feel awkward and out of place. They want to feel better about themselves and their circumstances. They may have been through a difficult childhood and trauma and abuse. They are motivated to get better and want to speak to someone who is nonjudgmental and compassionate. Clients have opened up to me about their deepest traumas and secrets that they have not shared with anyone else. I feel honored to be part of my client's journey and help them to find solutions. I have a strong client centered approach blended with a CBT intervention based approach.
(916) 304-7674 View (916) 304-7674
Photo of Amineh Helalian, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 95816, CA
Amineh Helalian
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
My therapy is strongly person centered; I embrace the idea that a solid therapeutic relationship is the backbone to change. I believe this relationship is built through empathy, humor, and respect for the idea that you are the expert in your own life, not me. My therapeutic style is eclectic; I tailor treatments to your needs to find an approach that feels right to you. What this means is that therapy will look different for different clients; sometimes you might need a supportive listener, and sometimes you might need concrete exercises to build new skills. As a therapist, I believe it is my job to pivot according to your needs.
My therapy is strongly person centered; I embrace the idea that a solid therapeutic relationship is the backbone to change. I believe this relationship is built through empathy, humor, and respect for the idea that you are the expert in your own life, not me. My therapeutic style is eclectic; I tailor treatments to your needs to find an approach that feels right to you. What this means is that therapy will look different for different clients; sometimes you might need a supportive listener, and sometimes you might need concrete exercises to build new skills. As a therapist, I believe it is my job to pivot according to your needs.
(916) 280-0528 View (916) 280-0528

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 95816

300+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in 95816 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Relationship Issues
88% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Trauma and PTSD
71% Grief
68% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

46% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
44% Optum
43% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 95816 see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 95816?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.