Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Brittani Stumbo, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Brittani Stumbo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92110  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Sports Psychology Consultant who believes we all come with strengths. My approach is genuine, strength based, non traditional, focused on your individualized needs, full of humor, and drawing from many evidenced based practices to find effective results for you. Life gets tough at times trying to juggle who we are, heal from past experiences, and adapt to expectations placed on us. I am here to provide you with a safe space to have some real-talk about the struggles of transitions, trauma, relationships, and overall identity making.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Sports Psychology Consultant who believes we all come with strengths. My approach is genuine, strength based, non traditional, focused on your individualized needs, full of humor, and drawing from many evidenced based practices to find effective results for you. Life gets tough at times trying to juggle who we are, heal from past experiences, and adapt to expectations placed on us. I am here to provide you with a safe space to have some real-talk about the struggles of transitions, trauma, relationships, and overall identity making.
(619) 547-0429 View (619) 547-0429
Photo of Deena Muno, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Deena Muno
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Birth, death, love, and heartbreak. These core experiences are inevitable to all humans, and yet, we are always surprised by how profoundly they shape our lives as individuals. As a clinical psychologist, I’ve come to understand just how deeply we struggle to make sense of these transitions and the great lengths we will go to avoid the feelings involved. I’ve had the privilege of helping people work through the depression, anxiety, relationship issues, grief, anger, and interpersonal conflict that often result from this avoidance and creating a deeper sense of self-compassion for the human condition.
Birth, death, love, and heartbreak. These core experiences are inevitable to all humans, and yet, we are always surprised by how profoundly they shape our lives as individuals. As a clinical psychologist, I’ve come to understand just how deeply we struggle to make sense of these transitions and the great lengths we will go to avoid the feelings involved. I’ve had the privilege of helping people work through the depression, anxiety, relationship issues, grief, anger, and interpersonal conflict that often result from this avoidance and creating a deeper sense of self-compassion for the human condition.
(760) 678-0206 View (760) 678-0206
Photo of Douglas Braun-Harvey, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Douglas Braun-Harvey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CST, CST-S
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
How do I know if my sexual behavior is out of control? For many men this question is very subjective and they unfortunately wait for a spouse, loved one or their employer to discover their hidden sexual life before considering help. At The Harvey Institute we believe the most important person to evaluate his personal conflict with regulating sexual behavior is the man experiencing the dilemma. We help men contemplate "What is your conflict with your sexual behavior?" and "What is your vision for your sexual health?" We strive to provide a safe, sexually informed and confidential space for sexual health conversations.
How do I know if my sexual behavior is out of control? For many men this question is very subjective and they unfortunately wait for a spouse, loved one or their employer to discover their hidden sexual life before considering help. At The Harvey Institute we believe the most important person to evaluate his personal conflict with regulating sexual behavior is the man experiencing the dilemma. We help men contemplate "What is your conflict with your sexual behavior?" and "What is your vision for your sexual health?" We strive to provide a safe, sexually informed and confidential space for sexual health conversations.
(619) 964-8288 View (619) 964-8288
Photo of Dr. Sisi Yu, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Sisi Yu
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92117
Life is full of unexpected turns and challenges, and you’ve been trying to push through the barriers on your own for a while now. You’ve sought out various ways to make yourself feel better temporarily, but haven’t found something that brings long-term relief. Sometimes, despite your great effort, those overwhelming feelings of loneliness, fear, and helplessness continue to persist. If you're struggling with emotional pain, you don't have to deal with it all alone. What you need may be a safe space where your difficult feelings can be worked through and your authentic self can be seen, understood, and accepted.
Life is full of unexpected turns and challenges, and you’ve been trying to push through the barriers on your own for a while now. You’ve sought out various ways to make yourself feel better temporarily, but haven’t found something that brings long-term relief. Sometimes, despite your great effort, those overwhelming feelings of loneliness, fear, and helplessness continue to persist. If you're struggling with emotional pain, you don't have to deal with it all alone. What you need may be a safe space where your difficult feelings can be worked through and your authentic self can be seen, understood, and accepted.
(619) 558-0736 View (619) 558-0736
Photo of Kayla Norman, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Kayla Norman
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92128
Feeling overwhelmed and stuck? Have you tried talk therapy before without any success? There is so much hope to recovery. I specialize in compassionate evidenced based therapy for OCD, Anxiety, BFRBs and Trauma. I am trained in ERP, CBT, ACT, COMB and Mindfulness Skills. These are tools that that I can help teach you to help you live a more fulfilled life. Therapy can help you get unstuck over issues that are holding you back from your goals in life. I can help and guide you to learn to break out of old patterns and negative thoughts to live life more fully.
Feeling overwhelmed and stuck? Have you tried talk therapy before without any success? There is so much hope to recovery. I specialize in compassionate evidenced based therapy for OCD, Anxiety, BFRBs and Trauma. I am trained in ERP, CBT, ACT, COMB and Mindfulness Skills. These are tools that that I can help teach you to help you live a more fulfilled life. Therapy can help you get unstuck over issues that are holding you back from your goals in life. I can help and guide you to learn to break out of old patterns and negative thoughts to live life more fully.
(858) 252-0795 View (858) 252-0795
Photo of Bloom Family Therapy | Erica M. Topete, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Bloom Family Therapy | Erica M. Topete, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Life is too short to settle and I strongly believe everyone has the capacity to live a fulfilling life. We were molded and created to live in relationship with one another as well as enjoy every season of it, be it at mountain tops or through valley lows. However, sometimes it is difficult to notice the bright side, but do not worry - you’re not alone. If you desire to take that step and move towards love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, gentleness, and self-control, or perhaps a deeper connection with your partner, your children and overall relationships with others then you have come to the right place.
Life is too short to settle and I strongly believe everyone has the capacity to live a fulfilling life. We were molded and created to live in relationship with one another as well as enjoy every season of it, be it at mountain tops or through valley lows. However, sometimes it is difficult to notice the bright side, but do not worry - you’re not alone. If you desire to take that step and move towards love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, gentleness, and self-control, or perhaps a deeper connection with your partner, your children and overall relationships with others then you have come to the right place.
(619) 500-1843 View (619) 500-1843
Photo of Alexa Douros in San Diego, CA
Alexa Douros
LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
You might be in survival-mode, and that makes sense. Together, we can explore ways to cultivate safety and recovery in your life. My approach emphasizes genuine curiosity, self-compassion, and non-judgment to empower your journey towards healing. Whether you're seeking support for trauma, self-esteem challenges, negative self-talk, anxiety, depression, shame, or difficulties in your relationships, I can help.
You might be in survival-mode, and that makes sense. Together, we can explore ways to cultivate safety and recovery in your life. My approach emphasizes genuine curiosity, self-compassion, and non-judgment to empower your journey towards healing. Whether you're seeking support for trauma, self-esteem challenges, negative self-talk, anxiety, depression, shame, or difficulties in your relationships, I can help.
(760) 479-7064 View (760) 479-7064
Photo of Rachel Carlos, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Rachel Carlos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130
Hello! I am licensed in California as a Marriage and Family Therapist and have been providing clinical support services for over ten years. I have worked with at-risk populations for most of my career, including those involved in the foster care and juvenile justice systems. I also have years of experience in social work and currently manage and oversee the operations of a non-profit program that provides clinical case management services.
Hello! I am licensed in California as a Marriage and Family Therapist and have been providing clinical support services for over ten years. I have worked with at-risk populations for most of my career, including those involved in the foster care and juvenile justice systems. I also have years of experience in social work and currently manage and oversee the operations of a non-profit program that provides clinical case management services.
(858) 304-7906 View (858) 304-7906
Photo of Julie Lynn Paavola, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Julie Lynn Paavola
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, LMHC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121
Welcome to Creative Endeavors Counseling and Art Therapy! I am here to support you in the creative endeavor of life. I believe each person has healing potential within themselves. Just as our bodies heal from a cut, under the right conditions, our psyche/soul can heal and thrive. It requires us to work together to foster meaning, purpose and new life through therapy which I call a "creative endeavor." Together we form a compassionate partnership to explore who you are, your goals, hopes and dreams, in a safe, non-judgmental space.
Welcome to Creative Endeavors Counseling and Art Therapy! I am here to support you in the creative endeavor of life. I believe each person has healing potential within themselves. Just as our bodies heal from a cut, under the right conditions, our psyche/soul can heal and thrive. It requires us to work together to foster meaning, purpose and new life through therapy which I call a "creative endeavor." Together we form a compassionate partnership to explore who you are, your goals, hopes and dreams, in a safe, non-judgmental space.
(619) 329-9571 View (619) 329-9571
Photo of Mary White, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Mary White
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT , 95171
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121  (Online Only)
With 20+ years experience as a therapist and a coach, it is my honor to work with clients who are interested in untangling the knots in their lives and being happier and more fulfilled. Stress relief, anxiety reduction, perinatal/postpartum healing and helping parents/families/couples to better their relationships are my wheelhouse. Wiith couples I specifically work to reduce toxic communication and productive problem solving to enhance their intimacy and relationship happiness. All my sessions are telehealth (online or phone) so you can get the help you need from the comfort of your own setting.
With 20+ years experience as a therapist and a coach, it is my honor to work with clients who are interested in untangling the knots in their lives and being happier and more fulfilled. Stress relief, anxiety reduction, perinatal/postpartum healing and helping parents/families/couples to better their relationships are my wheelhouse. Wiith couples I specifically work to reduce toxic communication and productive problem solving to enhance their intimacy and relationship happiness. All my sessions are telehealth (online or phone) so you can get the help you need from the comfort of your own setting.
(858) 251-6945 View (858) 251-6945
Photo of Maria Hester, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Maria Hester
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92127
Hello, my name is Maria Genter Hester I am a licensed marriage family therapist they have been in private practice on and off for about 20 years. I love working with families and teens I have a specialty in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders, I also have training in dealing with perinatal loss, abortion, miscarriage and grief.
Hello, my name is Maria Genter Hester I am a licensed marriage family therapist they have been in private practice on and off for about 20 years. I love working with families and teens I have a specialty in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders, I also have training in dealing with perinatal loss, abortion, miscarriage and grief.
(858) 758-8430 View (858) 758-8430
Photo of Leticia Isabel Bane, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Leticia Isabel Bane
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Are you concerned about your child after having experienced something traumatic? Domestic violence, accidents, assault, child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, neglect, and other traumatic events take time and support to heal from. Many children are left with depression, anxiety, PTSD, defiance, opposition, and many other issues after the trauma.
Are you concerned about your child after having experienced something traumatic? Domestic violence, accidents, assault, child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, neglect, and other traumatic events take time and support to heal from. Many children are left with depression, anxiety, PTSD, defiance, opposition, and many other issues after the trauma.
(619) 547-0995 View (619) 547-0995
Photo of Kim Lewis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Kim Lewis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92131
Today and in the world around us it’s easy to go numb to our own reality and just get by. But the reality is that for most of us we want our lives to be meaningful, to make a difference and to know that we matter. For us to achieve at least one of these things, we must first face ourselves, sit in that uncomfortable place and be willing to accept help.
Today and in the world around us it’s easy to go numb to our own reality and just get by. But the reality is that for most of us we want our lives to be meaningful, to make a difference and to know that we matter. For us to achieve at least one of these things, we must first face ourselves, sit in that uncomfortable place and be willing to accept help.
(619) 345-6935 View (619) 345-6935
Photo of Tiffany Avery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Tiffany Avery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117
My name is Tiffany Marie Avery, and I am Clinical Licensed Social Worker. My approach to therapy is client centered, strength-based and solution focused to help individuals reach their highest potential. My experience is in residential and outpatient substance use treatment, in which I’ve worked with dual-diagnosed clients. My experience has provided me a strong foundation in working to address trauma, depression, anxiety, family issues, and substance use.
My name is Tiffany Marie Avery, and I am Clinical Licensed Social Worker. My approach to therapy is client centered, strength-based and solution focused to help individuals reach their highest potential. My experience is in residential and outpatient substance use treatment, in which I’ve worked with dual-diagnosed clients. My experience has provided me a strong foundation in working to address trauma, depression, anxiety, family issues, and substance use.
(619) 815-5484 View (619) 815-5484
Photo of Jackie Jacobo, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Jackie Jacobo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, APCC, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
On your best days, you know that you’re an icon; but on your tough days you feel shame, loneliness, depression and self-criticism. And anxiety is basically part of your personality at this point. I’m here to remind you that YOU are not the problem. For real! The systems and social environments you have been in are the problem. I’m here to uproot those damaging beliefs that were put on you and in you and that continually get in the way of you remembering the iconic baddie you are. Let’s get underneath the layers of shame and unlearn cultural and systemic bullshit together.
On your best days, you know that you’re an icon; but on your tough days you feel shame, loneliness, depression and self-criticism. And anxiety is basically part of your personality at this point. I’m here to remind you that YOU are not the problem. For real! The systems and social environments you have been in are the problem. I’m here to uproot those damaging beliefs that were put on you and in you and that continually get in the way of you remembering the iconic baddie you are. Let’s get underneath the layers of shame and unlearn cultural and systemic bullshit together.
(619) 404-6132 View (619) 404-6132
Photo of Dr. Joseph Slimowicz, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Joseph Slimowicz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92109
Not accepting new clients
I treat primarily military service members (Navy and Marine Corps active duty in San Diego) searching for a mental health provider who understands their unique experiences. Having completed my training in the Department of Veterans Affairs I have extensive experience working with men that match this description. While my practice is typically comprised of active duty service members I also work extensively with the civilian population. I have action-oriented solutions to address problems commonly faced in this line of work. Lets get you back to the life you want to live.
I treat primarily military service members (Navy and Marine Corps active duty in San Diego) searching for a mental health provider who understands their unique experiences. Having completed my training in the Department of Veterans Affairs I have extensive experience working with men that match this description. While my practice is typically comprised of active duty service members I also work extensively with the civilian population. I have action-oriented solutions to address problems commonly faced in this line of work. Lets get you back to the life you want to live.
(619) 483-2811 View (619) 483-2811
Photo of Mikayla Weathers, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Mikayla Weathers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92115  (Online Only)
I believe through a therapeutic & safe relationship, you will have the ability to work though past & current struggles. Whether you find yourself having trouble in your relationships, are dealing with a substance related issue, are desiring a better connection with yourself, or are struggling with trauma, I know I can help you, help yourself. My passion is walking along side those suffering to encourage and support healing. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming & support those dealing with gender identity/expression issues; self, family, and community acceptance; & those pre, during & post transition.
I believe through a therapeutic & safe relationship, you will have the ability to work though past & current struggles. Whether you find yourself having trouble in your relationships, are dealing with a substance related issue, are desiring a better connection with yourself, or are struggling with trauma, I know I can help you, help yourself. My passion is walking along side those suffering to encourage and support healing. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming & support those dealing with gender identity/expression issues; self, family, and community acceptance; & those pre, during & post transition.
(619) 350-4755 View (619) 350-4755
Photo of Taylor Cole, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Taylor Cole
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92116
Modern life is grueling, especially when trying to grieve a loss or process overwhelming trauma. It might feel like an almost insurmountable feat just to find a safe environment within which all of your emotions are honored and accepted. There is a sense that we must trudge on and deny intense feelings and thoughts in order to present a more palatable image to the world, which can compound sadness, anxiety, and loneliness. I understand how exhausting this can feel.
Modern life is grueling, especially when trying to grieve a loss or process overwhelming trauma. It might feel like an almost insurmountable feat just to find a safe environment within which all of your emotions are honored and accepted. There is a sense that we must trudge on and deny intense feelings and thoughts in order to present a more palatable image to the world, which can compound sadness, anxiety, and loneliness. I understand how exhausting this can feel.
(619) 639-1070 View (619) 639-1070
Photo of Carrie Lynne Yerdon, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Carrie Lynne Yerdon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92123  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life is a beautiful, messy, and complicated process. Through the midst of this process we lose connection to who we are and what makes us feel alive and whole. To me, therapy is a process of returning back ourselves. To identify what we need, engage in actions that meet those needs, and shed what is no longer serving us. My approach to therapy starts with our relationship, so you can feel safe and entrust this process with the most vulnerable parts of yourself. Through this entrusted relationship we can navigate the uncomfortable and messy parts of yourself and experiences that are blocking you from engaging in a meaningful life.
Life is a beautiful, messy, and complicated process. Through the midst of this process we lose connection to who we are and what makes us feel alive and whole. To me, therapy is a process of returning back ourselves. To identify what we need, engage in actions that meet those needs, and shed what is no longer serving us. My approach to therapy starts with our relationship, so you can feel safe and entrust this process with the most vulnerable parts of yourself. Through this entrusted relationship we can navigate the uncomfortable and messy parts of yourself and experiences that are blocking you from engaging in a meaningful life.
(619) 345-3939 View (619) 345-3939
Photo of Jareny Castillo, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Jareny Castillo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Living anything outside of your authentic self can be exhausting. The lies we've been telling ourselves about who we are and how we should take up space in this world keep us stuck. However, we have the power to challenge these limiting beliefs and redefine them to lead us into a life of fulfillment and joy. I invite you to take this journey as an existential experience of self-understanding, healing, and growth.
Living anything outside of your authentic self can be exhausting. The lies we've been telling ourselves about who we are and how we should take up space in this world keep us stuck. However, we have the power to challenge these limiting beliefs and redefine them to lead us into a life of fulfillment and joy. I invite you to take this journey as an existential experience of self-understanding, healing, and growth.
(619) 800-2445 View (619) 800-2445

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.