Therapists in 90603

Photo of Megan Layton, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Megan Layton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
4 Endorsed
Whittier, CA 90603
I have been providing psychotherapy for over 20 years. My educational background, clinical experience, and commitment to continuously improving my clinical skills make me uniquely qualified to provide each of my clients with an exemplary therapeutic experience. In therapy, we are typically addressing some type of relationship issue. This may be your relationship with your inner self, your loved ones, your peers, your coworkers, or it may be your relationship with food, or your body. Feeling safe and seen in a therapeutic relationship typically allows us to heal and grow, and to achieve our treatment goals.
I have been providing psychotherapy for over 20 years. My educational background, clinical experience, and commitment to continuously improving my clinical skills make me uniquely qualified to provide each of my clients with an exemplary therapeutic experience. In therapy, we are typically addressing some type of relationship issue. This may be your relationship with your inner self, your loved ones, your peers, your coworkers, or it may be your relationship with food, or your body. Feeling safe and seen in a therapeutic relationship typically allows us to heal and grow, and to achieve our treatment goals.
(626) 669-3801 View (626) 669-3801
Photo of David Grammer - Grammer Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Grammer Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Whittier, CA 90603
Currently accepting new clients. I work with teens and adults, as well as their families, to help improve quality of life and reduce negative effects mental health issues and/or substance abuse. We will work together to improve quality of life and ability to connect to others while overcoming the difficulties we face on a daily basis.
Currently accepting new clients. I work with teens and adults, as well as their families, to help improve quality of life and reduce negative effects mental health issues and/or substance abuse. We will work together to improve quality of life and ability to connect to others while overcoming the difficulties we face on a daily basis.
(562) 203-0731 View (562) 203-0731
Photo of Efrain Zepeda, Psychologist, LCP
Efrain Zepeda
Psychologist, LCP
Whittier, CA 90603
Hello! I am Dr. Efrain Zepeda. I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Clinical Social Worker. In the past 23 years of working as a mental health professional, one important lesson I have learned is that the most powerful therapeutic intervention is found in the interpersonal connection that occurs in the client-therapist relationship. Together we can analyze the past to co-create a new meaning with the goal of achieving healing. I strongly believe that therapy is not about labeling or judging, but rather about personal discovery.
Hello! I am Dr. Efrain Zepeda. I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Clinical Social Worker. In the past 23 years of working as a mental health professional, one important lesson I have learned is that the most powerful therapeutic intervention is found in the interpersonal connection that occurs in the client-therapist relationship. Together we can analyze the past to co-create a new meaning with the goal of achieving healing. I strongly believe that therapy is not about labeling or judging, but rather about personal discovery.
(626) 702-3258 View (626) 702-3258
Photo of Susan Kooyman Harris, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Susan Kooyman Harris
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Have you been overwhelmed by problems and wished you could find a safe place with answers? Have you thought about therapy to help you cope with your pressures, disturbing emotions, or relationship issues? At Harris Marriage & Family Therapy, Inc., I would be happy to help you start this journey. It is often said that the longest journey begins with a single step. I am ready to help you take that step. I can teach you communication skills and equip you with tools to resolve conflicts to help you enjoy a happier and healthier life.
Have you been overwhelmed by problems and wished you could find a safe place with answers? Have you thought about therapy to help you cope with your pressures, disturbing emotions, or relationship issues? At Harris Marriage & Family Therapy, Inc., I would be happy to help you start this journey. It is often said that the longest journey begins with a single step. I am ready to help you take that step. I can teach you communication skills and equip you with tools to resolve conflicts to help you enjoy a happier and healthier life.
(562) 250-5586 View (562) 250-5586
Photo of Katarina Guinaldo, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Katarina Guinaldo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life can be so challenging that we doubt that change and overcoming adversity is possible. Despite what circumstances of your life or the doubtful voice inside might be telling you, or the self critic inside - change is possible! I believe that therapy is a place to explore the thoughts and feelings behind some of those doubts that might be keeping you "stuck" in the belief that change or healthier habits aren't possible. I believe that past experiences shape one's story, but those experiences do not have to define an individual. With increased awareness and use of coping skills, you can improve your overall quality of life.
Life can be so challenging that we doubt that change and overcoming adversity is possible. Despite what circumstances of your life or the doubtful voice inside might be telling you, or the self critic inside - change is possible! I believe that therapy is a place to explore the thoughts and feelings behind some of those doubts that might be keeping you "stuck" in the belief that change or healthier habits aren't possible. I believe that past experiences shape one's story, but those experiences do not have to define an individual. With increased awareness and use of coping skills, you can improve your overall quality of life.
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Photo of Mary Tagle - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry La Habra, Psychologist
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(562) 784-5159 View (562) 784-5159
Photo of Wray De Anda, Psychologist, PsyD
Wray De Anda
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Accepting Clients: De Anda Psychological Services counsels individuals, couples and families, helping them to restore hope, find solutions and transform their lives. Life often presents us with challenges – Injury, illness, loss of relationship, problems with children or family, loss of a job, or an inexplicable inability to function and a sense of feeling powerless. Much of the time with can manage these difficulties; but occasionally these problems become too overwhelming.
Accepting Clients: De Anda Psychological Services counsels individuals, couples and families, helping them to restore hope, find solutions and transform their lives. Life often presents us with challenges – Injury, illness, loss of relationship, problems with children or family, loss of a job, or an inexplicable inability to function and a sense of feeling powerless. Much of the time with can manage these difficulties; but occasionally these problems become too overwhelming.
(714) 623-0997 View (714) 623-0997
Photo of Adele Lyman, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Adele Lyman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Serves Area
This sense of loss feels like an old story - even if you're not sure what's been lost. But in those moments when you dare to be still, you feel the gnawing in your soul. It's easier to just keep busy to escape the emptiness inside. It's possible to go on like this for a very long time. And many people do. You may even have been among the more successful ones. But now something has happened that exposed old wounds and vulnerabilities, and the pain is even harder to ignore. Despite your best efforts, anxiety and depression are getting the better of you, and relational hurts cut deeply. You feel so alone.
This sense of loss feels like an old story - even if you're not sure what's been lost. But in those moments when you dare to be still, you feel the gnawing in your soul. It's easier to just keep busy to escape the emptiness inside. It's possible to go on like this for a very long time. And many people do. You may even have been among the more successful ones. But now something has happened that exposed old wounds and vulnerabilities, and the pain is even harder to ignore. Despite your best efforts, anxiety and depression are getting the better of you, and relational hurts cut deeply. You feel so alone.
(562) 526-7957 View (562) 526-7957
Photo of Tara Hernandez, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Tara Hernandez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
In therapy, you have the opportunity to address challenges and struggles related to personal growth, relationships, and mental health while learning effective coping skills in a non-judging environment. I assist you by providing a non-biased perspective, and together we develop reasonable and achievable goals. As a mental health professional, I have had the remarkable opportunity over the last 15 years to work with diverse populations and a wide range of clients, including adults, couples, and families. I am here to walk alongside you on your journey; together, we can work at moving from "surviving" to "thriving."
In therapy, you have the opportunity to address challenges and struggles related to personal growth, relationships, and mental health while learning effective coping skills in a non-judging environment. I assist you by providing a non-biased perspective, and together we develop reasonable and achievable goals. As a mental health professional, I have had the remarkable opportunity over the last 15 years to work with diverse populations and a wide range of clients, including adults, couples, and families. I am here to walk alongside you on your journey; together, we can work at moving from "surviving" to "thriving."
(424) 264-2609 View (424) 264-2609
Photo of Prof. Kevin Patrick Barman, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CCBT, MS, MA
Prof. Kevin Patrick Barman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CCBT, MS, MA
Serves Area
As a practitioner of the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy , I find that a scientific approach together with empathy can help individuals cope & manage issues that interfere with their lives and is the most effective .Through the teaching & practicing of these therapeutic principles an individual can learn to minimize their weaknesses and maximize their ability to recognize their strengths.The practice of cognitive behavioral therapy emphasizes on the relationship between an individual's thoughts , emotions , & behavioral patterns & how they influence each other and by working together we can formulate a plan that can help anyone live life to the fullest .
As a practitioner of the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy , I find that a scientific approach together with empathy can help individuals cope & manage issues that interfere with their lives and is the most effective .Through the teaching & practicing of these therapeutic principles an individual can learn to minimize their weaknesses and maximize their ability to recognize their strengths.The practice of cognitive behavioral therapy emphasizes on the relationship between an individual's thoughts , emotions , & behavioral patterns & how they influence each other and by working together we can formulate a plan that can help anyone live life to the fullest .
(562) 284-2829 View (562) 284-2829
Photo of Melissa Portillo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Melissa Portillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Are your relationships worrying you or making you feel anxious? Do you find yourself putting others’ feelings and needs in front of your own? Are you left feeling confused, misunderstood, sad, guilty or stressed? Do you feel as if your relationships are not fulfilling you and instead drain your energy? Perhaps you don't feel confident in asserting your wants and needs, resulting in resentment and hurt. Imagine gaining confidence and power to set boundaries and let go of unhealthy patterns in your relationships. Imagine a life where your needs come first without compromising who you are. This version of yourself is achievable.
Are your relationships worrying you or making you feel anxious? Do you find yourself putting others’ feelings and needs in front of your own? Are you left feeling confused, misunderstood, sad, guilty or stressed? Do you feel as if your relationships are not fulfilling you and instead drain your energy? Perhaps you don't feel confident in asserting your wants and needs, resulting in resentment and hurt. Imagine gaining confidence and power to set boundaries and let go of unhealthy patterns in your relationships. Imagine a life where your needs come first without compromising who you are. This version of yourself is achievable.
(818) 532-5739 View (818) 532-5739
Photo of Michelle Castillo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Michelle Castillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I create a safe, intentional space for adults to process, heal, and grow. I work with adults who are feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or uncertain. Together, we’ll take the time to understand what’s going on beneath the surface and create a path forward that feels doable and meaningful. My goal is to offer support that’s both grounded and personalized.
I create a safe, intentional space for adults to process, heal, and grow. I work with adults who are feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or uncertain. Together, we’ll take the time to understand what’s going on beneath the surface and create a path forward that feels doable and meaningful. My goal is to offer support that’s both grounded and personalized.
(949) 541-8371 View (949) 541-8371
Photo of Kerrie O'Leary-Sanchez, Psychologist, PsyD
Kerrie O'Leary-Sanchez
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
Hello! I am a clinical psychologist with a diverse background dedicated to helping people navigate life’s challenges with kindness and empathy. My job is to help you heal. I specialize in treating complex trauma and traumatic brain injury, however I have worked with people struggling with all types of difficulties across the lifespan. I am able to provide evidence based treatment for trauma related disorders as well as for sleep disorders. I am also a Navy veteran and have worked extensively with active duty personnel, veterans, and their families.
Hello! I am a clinical psychologist with a diverse background dedicated to helping people navigate life’s challenges with kindness and empathy. My job is to help you heal. I specialize in treating complex trauma and traumatic brain injury, however I have worked with people struggling with all types of difficulties across the lifespan. I am able to provide evidence based treatment for trauma related disorders as well as for sleep disorders. I am also a Navy veteran and have worked extensively with active duty personnel, veterans, and their families.
(562) 669-3112 View (562) 669-3112
Photo of Jennifer Lynn Rubio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer Lynn Rubio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who specializes in supporting children, adolescents, and families as they navigate life’s challenges. I have worked in school-based, community, and outpatient settings helping young people manage anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, and life transitions. I also focus on increasing understanding between parents and their child—fostering better communication, insight, and connection at home. Whether your child is struggling with school stress, friendships, self-esteem, or emotional regulation, I aim to provide practical tools and a compassionate environment for growth and healing.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who specializes in supporting children, adolescents, and families as they navigate life’s challenges. I have worked in school-based, community, and outpatient settings helping young people manage anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, and life transitions. I also focus on increasing understanding between parents and their child—fostering better communication, insight, and connection at home. Whether your child is struggling with school stress, friendships, self-esteem, or emotional regulation, I aim to provide practical tools and a compassionate environment for growth and healing.
(626) 600-9150 View (626) 600-9150
Photo of Giannina Vargas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Giannina Vargas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Southern California. With a Bachelor's in Sociology from Cal State Fullerton and a Master's in Social Work from USC, I bring a well-rounded educational foundation to my practice. I have extensive experience working with diverse adult and older adult populations across various cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds.
I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Southern California. With a Bachelor's in Sociology from Cal State Fullerton and a Master's in Social Work from USC, I bring a well-rounded educational foundation to my practice. I have extensive experience working with diverse adult and older adult populations across various cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds.
(619) 745-1664 View (619) 745-1664
Photo of Alita C. Lombardo, Psychologist, PhD, MA, MaEd
Alita C. Lombardo
Psychologist, PhD, MA, MaEd
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialize in working with individuals and couples looking for sustainable changes in their lives and relationships. I have extensive training and experience working with individuals and couples on communication, intimacy and processing emotional struggles that influence the current relationship. I am also passionate about working with body image issues, low self-esteem, difficulty setting boundaries, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, sexual problems, adjustment issues, addiction, and many other mental health challenges.
I specialize in working with individuals and couples looking for sustainable changes in their lives and relationships. I have extensive training and experience working with individuals and couples on communication, intimacy and processing emotional struggles that influence the current relationship. I am also passionate about working with body image issues, low self-esteem, difficulty setting boundaries, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, sexual problems, adjustment issues, addiction, and many other mental health challenges.
(626) 551-4915 View (626) 551-4915
Photo of Natalia Arellano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Natalia Arellano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hi there, I'm Natalia! I'm deeply committed to walking alongside you, creating a safe and supportive space where you can feel seen, heard, and empowered. Together, we'll navigate life's challenges at your own pace, working collaboratively toward healing, growth, and meaningful change. My therapeutic approach is guided by each person's unique needs. I use a combination of therapy modalities such as CBT, psychodynamic, mindfulness, strength-based, and client-centered. This integrated approach allows for a more personalized and holistic path to enable a person to truly thrive.
Hi there, I'm Natalia! I'm deeply committed to walking alongside you, creating a safe and supportive space where you can feel seen, heard, and empowered. Together, we'll navigate life's challenges at your own pace, working collaboratively toward healing, growth, and meaningful change. My therapeutic approach is guided by each person's unique needs. I use a combination of therapy modalities such as CBT, psychodynamic, mindfulness, strength-based, and client-centered. This integrated approach allows for a more personalized and holistic path to enable a person to truly thrive.
(949) 832-6628 View (949) 832-6628
Photo of Stacelyn Cervantes, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Stacelyn Cervantes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I am a therapist who loves helping people grow and work through difficult emotions and experiences. My passion is working with adults, adolescents, and parents on improving relationships, working through life-transitions, family problems (past and present), and other emotional struggles encountered. Anxiety and depression can feel debilitating, but it doesn't have to be. I have seen the deep emotional struggle many young people face, that can also impact adulthood. I've also had the opportunity to work with parents on improving their relationship with their teens and children, while setting consistent boundaries to support them.
I am a therapist who loves helping people grow and work through difficult emotions and experiences. My passion is working with adults, adolescents, and parents on improving relationships, working through life-transitions, family problems (past and present), and other emotional struggles encountered. Anxiety and depression can feel debilitating, but it doesn't have to be. I have seen the deep emotional struggle many young people face, that can also impact adulthood. I've also had the opportunity to work with parents on improving their relationship with their teens and children, while setting consistent boundaries to support them.
(562) 573-1897 View (562) 573-1897
Photo of Dr. Carlos J Perez, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Carlos J Perez
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Dr. Perez, an Army veteran has worked with a wide range of populations, including children, college students, law enforcement, adults, and families. Dr. Perez primarily utilizes a relational approach when working with clients, but is also trained in other modalities, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and humanistic. Since graduating from Pepperdine University, Dr. Perez has provided bilingual mental health services in both English and Spanish in a variety of settings.
Dr. Perez, an Army veteran has worked with a wide range of populations, including children, college students, law enforcement, adults, and families. Dr. Perez primarily utilizes a relational approach when working with clients, but is also trained in other modalities, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and humanistic. Since graduating from Pepperdine University, Dr. Perez has provided bilingual mental health services in both English and Spanish in a variety of settings.
(562) 573-1832 View (562) 573-1832
Photo of Jackie Balarezo Ruvalcaba, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jackie Balarezo Ruvalcaba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hello! I am Jackeline Balarezo- Ruvalcaba. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am passionate about helping individuals from all walks of life. I like to set clear goals with clients and meet them where they are. I am empathetic and I am great at listening and letting clients know that I am there to help meet their needs. I work with adults and adolescents, and I specialize in anxiety, depression, grief and loss using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (or “CBT”).
Hello! I am Jackeline Balarezo- Ruvalcaba. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am passionate about helping individuals from all walks of life. I like to set clear goals with clients and meet them where they are. I am empathetic and I am great at listening and letting clients know that I am there to help meet their needs. I work with adults and adolescents, and I specialize in anxiety, depression, grief and loss using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (or “CBT”).
(562) 414-5484 View (562) 414-5484

See more therapy options for 90603

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 90603

30+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in 90603 who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
82% Depression
77% Self Esteem
74% Coping Skills
69% Stress
67% Relationship Issues
59% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Aetna
87% Cigna and Evernorth
81% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 90603 see their clients

69% Online Only
31% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
15% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 90603?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.