Therapists in 89131

Photo of Tami Nurkin, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Tami Nurkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Las Vegas, NV 89131
With the fast pace of life today and the multitude of challenges we face, we could all use a little support. I strive to aid my clients in coping with life transitions and enhancing relationships.
With the fast pace of life today and the multitude of challenges we face, we could all use a little support. I strive to aid my clients in coping with life transitions and enhancing relationships.
(702) 496-3813 View (702) 496-3813
Photo of Kashif Brown, Counselor, MA, CPC, NCC
Kashif Brown
Counselor, MA, CPC, NCC
Las Vegas, NV 89131
Trauma doesn’t always leave visible scars, but it does change the way you move through the world. Maybe it shows up in the form of nightmares, intrusive thoughts, feeling constantly on edge, or avoiding people and places that remind you of what happened. Sometimes it feels like your body and mind are stuck in survival mode, even when everything around you is calm. Whether the trauma was something you lived through or something you witnessed, its effects can linger and quietly shape how you feel, think, and connect with others.
Trauma doesn’t always leave visible scars, but it does change the way you move through the world. Maybe it shows up in the form of nightmares, intrusive thoughts, feeling constantly on edge, or avoiding people and places that remind you of what happened. Sometimes it feels like your body and mind are stuck in survival mode, even when everything around you is calm. Whether the trauma was something you lived through or something you witnessed, its effects can linger and quietly shape how you feel, think, and connect with others.
(702) 744-9172 View (702) 744-9172
Photo of Melanie Rene Roberts - East & West Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
East & West Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Las Vegas, NV 89131
Do you need to seek safety or rethink your situation? I have 21 years of experience as a professional counselor in Nevada, Arizona, and South Carolina. Recently, I have supported adults and children cope with the phases of life and trauma. The transition to middle school may overwhelm teens and parents especially when there are limited resources to accommodate special needs. I was born at Nellis AFB. Therefore, I understand that developing the social connections is difficult, but necessary. As a Military Family Life Counselor I served military children and parents. Today, I continue to serve members of military families.
Do you need to seek safety or rethink your situation? I have 21 years of experience as a professional counselor in Nevada, Arizona, and South Carolina. Recently, I have supported adults and children cope with the phases of life and trauma. The transition to middle school may overwhelm teens and parents especially when there are limited resources to accommodate special needs. I was born at Nellis AFB. Therefore, I understand that developing the social connections is difficult, but necessary. As a Military Family Life Counselor I served military children and parents. Today, I continue to serve members of military families.
(702) 996-5470 View (702) 996-5470
Photo of Melanie Roberts, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Melanie Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
1 Endorsed
Las Vegas, NV 89131
My passion is activating individuals and families by influencing development of knowledge, skills, and confidence. As a native of Las Vegas, I love giving back to the community by offering support and well being to those in need. I have experience working with people from a variety of different cultures and walks of life including four years of experience working with members of the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Tohono O”dham Tribe, and Hopi Tribe. I'm experienced in treating Trauma, PTSD, Adolescent Issues, Life Transitions, and Women's Issues.
My passion is activating individuals and families by influencing development of knowledge, skills, and confidence. As a native of Las Vegas, I love giving back to the community by offering support and well being to those in need. I have experience working with people from a variety of different cultures and walks of life including four years of experience working with members of the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Tohono O”dham Tribe, and Hopi Tribe. I'm experienced in treating Trauma, PTSD, Adolescent Issues, Life Transitions, and Women's Issues.
(702) 903-7868 View (702) 903-7868
Photo of Raiza Mazas Crisanto, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Raiza Mazas Crisanto
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Las Vegas, NV 89131
I specialize in supporting couples, individuals, children, and teens facing challenges with loneliness, feeling unloved, and intimacy issues. I guide couples through overcoming emotional difficulties and assist anyone struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, or family concerns. Let's collaborate to navigate your struggles and help you achieve the emotional well-being you desire.
I specialize in supporting couples, individuals, children, and teens facing challenges with loneliness, feeling unloved, and intimacy issues. I guide couples through overcoming emotional difficulties and assist anyone struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, or family concerns. Let's collaborate to navigate your struggles and help you achieve the emotional well-being you desire.
(702) 605-7462 View (702) 605-7462
Photo of Krystal Brass, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CGRS
Krystal Brass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CGRS
Las Vegas, NV 89131
Remember You Are Never Alone. What you are experiencing may be perfectly normal. Do you need someone to validate your grief, provide comfort and support? Do you find yourself feeling misunderstood? Perhaps you're struggling with depression, emptiness, anxiety, conflict in relationship or lack of purpose. You may be adjusting to retirement, empty nest, or transitioning back into the community. Sometimes asking for help is difficult. I'm here to support you through your journey towards healing. Why? Because, "I Care".
Remember You Are Never Alone. What you are experiencing may be perfectly normal. Do you need someone to validate your grief, provide comfort and support? Do you find yourself feeling misunderstood? Perhaps you're struggling with depression, emptiness, anxiety, conflict in relationship or lack of purpose. You may be adjusting to retirement, empty nest, or transitioning back into the community. Sometimes asking for help is difficult. I'm here to support you through your journey towards healing. Why? Because, "I Care".
(702) 966-9247 View (702) 966-9247
Photo of Avneet Wallah-Montoya, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Avneet Wallah-Montoya
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you feeling overwhelmed and struggling to get through your days? Reaching out can be incredibly challenging when you’re feeling vulnerable. Know that you’re not alone. Taking that first step to speak openly about how difficult things are can be a courageous act. I want to create a safe, comfortable space where you feel heard and understood. With experience in supporting individuals through depression, trauma, domestic violence, marital challenges, and anxiety, I'm here to listen without judgment and offer compassionate guidance.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and struggling to get through your days? Reaching out can be incredibly challenging when you’re feeling vulnerable. Know that you’re not alone. Taking that first step to speak openly about how difficult things are can be a courageous act. I want to create a safe, comfortable space where you feel heard and understood. With experience in supporting individuals through depression, trauma, domestic violence, marital challenges, and anxiety, I'm here to listen without judgment and offer compassionate guidance.
(702) 935-1496 View (702) 935-1496
Photo of Lisa Annette Mallinger, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, SAP
Lisa Annette Mallinger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, SAP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Welcome! reaching out to a therapist can feel disheartening. I congratulate you on taking the first step. My goals as a therapist is to provide you with the tools and support you need to be successful. My goal is to help you use emotional challenges as insight for self growth. I am invested in healing and know how to facilitate positive changes, especially those stemming from traumatic experiences.
I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Welcome! reaching out to a therapist can feel disheartening. I congratulate you on taking the first step. My goals as a therapist is to provide you with the tools and support you need to be successful. My goal is to help you use emotional challenges as insight for self growth. I am invested in healing and know how to facilitate positive changes, especially those stemming from traumatic experiences.
(702) 551-0257 View (702) 551-0257
Photo of Dr. Marielle Leo, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Dr. Marielle Leo
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have limited space for new clients and am actively welcoming clients wanting group therapy starting January 14th, 2026. Taking the first step toward change is challenging and oftentimes scary. I am passionate about helping my clients explore their strengths, heal relationships, and develop their own solutions to a variety of complex issues. People heal through safe relationships. Therefore, it is essential to build a solid and safe therapeutic foundation for my clients to explore the darkest parts of themselves. My approach to treatment is systemic and biopsychosocial as I place a strong emphasis on the mind-body connection.
I have limited space for new clients and am actively welcoming clients wanting group therapy starting January 14th, 2026. Taking the first step toward change is challenging and oftentimes scary. I am passionate about helping my clients explore their strengths, heal relationships, and develop their own solutions to a variety of complex issues. People heal through safe relationships. Therefore, it is essential to build a solid and safe therapeutic foundation for my clients to explore the darkest parts of themselves. My approach to treatment is systemic and biopsychosocial as I place a strong emphasis on the mind-body connection.
(702) 766-3770 View (702) 766-3770
Photo of Emily Giovanna Egidio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Emily Giovanna Egidio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Therapy is one of the greatest forms of self-care we can offer ourselves. Even thinking of starting therapy requires a lot of courage! If you have found your way to my profile, you might feel ready for change but unsure of what therapy will look like. You may be experiencing unresolved feelings from the past, noticing patterns that keep you from living the life you want, or you may simply be seeking someone who truly listens and cares. If this sounds like you, know that you do not need to face your struggles alone.
Therapy is one of the greatest forms of self-care we can offer ourselves. Even thinking of starting therapy requires a lot of courage! If you have found your way to my profile, you might feel ready for change but unsure of what therapy will look like. You may be experiencing unresolved feelings from the past, noticing patterns that keep you from living the life you want, or you may simply be seeking someone who truly listens and cares. If this sounds like you, know that you do not need to face your struggles alone.
(702) 800-2830 View (702) 800-2830
Photo of Amanda Hedges, LPC Intern, MS, LADC, CPC-I
Amanda Hedges
LPC Intern, MS, LADC, CPC-I
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
My ideal client is someone who is seeking a safe and nonjudgmental space to grow. I look to work with individuals who are able to identify a need for change in their lives and who are willing and receptive to tools, information, and support to assist them with navigating doing so.
My ideal client is someone who is seeking a safe and nonjudgmental space to grow. I look to work with individuals who are able to identify a need for change in their lives and who are willing and receptive to tools, information, and support to assist them with navigating doing so.
(702) 766-4509 View (702) 766-4509
Photo of Dr. Jeffrey Avants, Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD , LMFT, CADC-II, Psych, Fellow
Dr. Jeffrey Avants
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD , LMFT, CADC-II, Psych, Fellow
Serves Area
Getting unstuck, healng for you and your relationships, helping you find ways to get yourself and your life back, these are just part of my work with a diverse range of patients - adults, teens, couples - facing life's challenging circumstances, including depression, anxiety, dual diagnosis and substance dependency, grief and loss, spiritual issues, relational struggles, parent/child issues, sexual difficulties, abuse, trauma, divorce, marital and premarital counseling, help with managing spectrum and educational difficulties, and aging - These are many of the issues I work with in my practice.
Getting unstuck, healng for you and your relationships, helping you find ways to get yourself and your life back, these are just part of my work with a diverse range of patients - adults, teens, couples - facing life's challenging circumstances, including depression, anxiety, dual diagnosis and substance dependency, grief and loss, spiritual issues, relational struggles, parent/child issues, sexual difficulties, abuse, trauma, divorce, marital and premarital counseling, help with managing spectrum and educational difficulties, and aging - These are many of the issues I work with in my practice.
(317) 593-9364 View (317) 593-9364
Photo of Tami Madsen, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tami Madsen
Pre-Licensed Professional
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you're feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, navigating a major life transition, facing grief or loss, or questioning your sense of purpose or faith - you're not alone, and you don't have to carry it all by yourself. I want to invite you to reach out. Whether you're longing for clarity, emotional relief, or simply a place to feel truly heard, I offer a warm, supportive space where we can explore what matters most to you. Together, we'll work toward greater self-understanding, connection, and a path forward that feels more grounded with who you are and aligned with who you want to become.
If you're feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, navigating a major life transition, facing grief or loss, or questioning your sense of purpose or faith - you're not alone, and you don't have to carry it all by yourself. I want to invite you to reach out. Whether you're longing for clarity, emotional relief, or simply a place to feel truly heard, I offer a warm, supportive space where we can explore what matters most to you. Together, we'll work toward greater self-understanding, connection, and a path forward that feels more grounded with who you are and aligned with who you want to become.
(725) 215-6895 View (725) 215-6895
Photo of Yessica Palma, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Yessica Palma
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As the founder of Let It Bloom Mental Health, my goal is to foster healing and growth through comprehensive mental health care tailored to the unique needs of each client. Located in Las Vegas, I serve a diverse clientele, with a special focus on BIPOC communities, women, and children. As a bilingual, trauma-informed psychotherapist and certified yoga instructor, I integrate a holistic approach to address both mental and physical well-being. This involves conducting a thorough lifestyle analysis to better understand and meet your specific circumstances and challenges.
As the founder of Let It Bloom Mental Health, my goal is to foster healing and growth through comprehensive mental health care tailored to the unique needs of each client. Located in Las Vegas, I serve a diverse clientele, with a special focus on BIPOC communities, women, and children. As a bilingual, trauma-informed psychotherapist and certified yoga instructor, I integrate a holistic approach to address both mental and physical well-being. This involves conducting a thorough lifestyle analysis to better understand and meet your specific circumstances and challenges.
(702) 827-4301 View (702) 827-4301
Photo of Shelby Nakamura, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Shelby Nakamura
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
Hello! I am Shelby Nakamura and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Nevada and Hawaii. I strive to provide clients with a safe space to guide you through life’s most complex and difficult matters. I truly care about my client's well-being and guarantee top of the line counseling services catered to their needs.
Hello! I am Shelby Nakamura and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Nevada and Hawaii. I strive to provide clients with a safe space to guide you through life’s most complex and difficult matters. I truly care about my client's well-being and guarantee top of the line counseling services catered to their needs.
(725) 242-4733 View (725) 242-4733
Photo of Jimmy Monaghan, Counselor, NCC, CCMHC, MAC, LCPC, LCADC
Jimmy Monaghan
Counselor, NCC, CCMHC, MAC, LCPC, LCADC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
In Nevada I work as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor, Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor-Supervisior and a secondary for CPC-I's . I have Clinical Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology and Counselor Education with emphasis in Couple and Family Therapy. The ideal client for Rise is anyone who may feel as if the door has shut, who is feeling lost, struggling with life's trials, who may not be able to communicate to their loved ones. In short, anyone who feels as if they don't fit in their skin.
In Nevada I work as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor, Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor-Supervisior and a secondary for CPC-I's . I have Clinical Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology and Counselor Education with emphasis in Couple and Family Therapy. The ideal client for Rise is anyone who may feel as if the door has shut, who is feeling lost, struggling with life's trials, who may not be able to communicate to their loved ones. In short, anyone who feels as if they don't fit in their skin.
(702) 935-5246 View (702) 935-5246
Photo of Terry F Bunker - Bunker Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Bunker Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Helping you find solutions to your challenges is a joy for me. I have enjoyed 30 yrs of working with individuals, couples and families and hope to have an opportunity to meet with you. I have deep respect for the courage it takes to face challenges and to work through them. I believe in people and the resiliency each person can find within. Finding peace of mind and spirit is a journey worth taking. I look forward to meeting you.
Helping you find solutions to your challenges is a joy for me. I have enjoyed 30 yrs of working with individuals, couples and families and hope to have an opportunity to meet with you. I have deep respect for the courage it takes to face challenges and to work through them. I believe in people and the resiliency each person can find within. Finding peace of mind and spirit is a journey worth taking. I look forward to meeting you.
(702) 728-4610 View (702) 728-4610
Photo of Nikita M. Noel-Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist, BS, MS, LMFT
Nikita M. Noel-Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, BS, MS, LMFT
Serves Area
I have a high success rate with patients who are diagnosed with grief, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety and anger issues. I have personal experience and recovery from the effects of trauma. Clients who have anxiety benefit from coping/calming therapy techniques. I am qualified to work with families to reduce conflict, teaching fair fighting, and communication skills. Also, work with people to reduce negative symptoms of Schizophrenia and Bipolar. Christian Therapy is very effective for persons who are spiritual in nature. Children have unusual ways of communicating their feelings, and my focus is to build worth and self-esteem through Play Therapy.
I have a high success rate with patients who are diagnosed with grief, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety and anger issues. I have personal experience and recovery from the effects of trauma. Clients who have anxiety benefit from coping/calming therapy techniques. I am qualified to work with families to reduce conflict, teaching fair fighting, and communication skills. Also, work with people to reduce negative symptoms of Schizophrenia and Bipolar. Christian Therapy is very effective for persons who are spiritual in nature. Children have unusual ways of communicating their feelings, and my focus is to build worth and self-esteem through Play Therapy.
(702) 830-4778 View (702) 830-4778
Photo of Todnee Boyd, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LCADC
Todnee Boyd
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LCADC
Serves Area
Immediate openings for office visits-Are you and your partner not on the same page about the extent of your relationship challenges? You or your partner may be questioning whether or not to continue staying together. All relationships have moments of uncertainty. When your relationship experiences an emotional injury, it can be very painful and difficult to repair. I work with individuals and couples, regardless of gender identity, sexual orientation, or marital status. If you are ready to do the work of saving your relationship, re-igniting the passion, and finding lasting connection, I am here to assist you.
Immediate openings for office visits-Are you and your partner not on the same page about the extent of your relationship challenges? You or your partner may be questioning whether or not to continue staying together. All relationships have moments of uncertainty. When your relationship experiences an emotional injury, it can be very painful and difficult to repair. I work with individuals and couples, regardless of gender identity, sexual orientation, or marital status. If you are ready to do the work of saving your relationship, re-igniting the passion, and finding lasting connection, I am here to assist you.
(725) 217-6681 View (725) 217-6681
Photo of Dr. Quinnett Swank, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, EdD, MA, MS
Dr. Quinnett Swank
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, EdD, MA, MS
11 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi! I’m Dr. Quinnett Swank, a Marriage & Family Therapist Intern. You’re the one everyone counts on, but you’re running on empty. I help women who look like they’ve got it all together but feel anxious, overwhelmed, or alone inside. Maybe you overthink everything. Maybe you’re exhausted from people-pleasing or feeling like you’re never quite enough. If you’re longing for clarity, calm, and a stronger sense of self, therapy can be a place to exhale and begin again. I specialize in working with women navigating anxiety, burnout, and relationship stress.
Hi! I’m Dr. Quinnett Swank, a Marriage & Family Therapist Intern. You’re the one everyone counts on, but you’re running on empty. I help women who look like they’ve got it all together but feel anxious, overwhelmed, or alone inside. Maybe you overthink everything. Maybe you’re exhausted from people-pleasing or feeling like you’re never quite enough. If you’re longing for clarity, calm, and a stronger sense of self, therapy can be a place to exhale and begin again. I specialize in working with women navigating anxiety, burnout, and relationship stress.
(725) 307-6759 View (725) 307-6759

See more therapy options for 89131

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 89131

70+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 89131 who prioritize treating:

90% Depression
85% Anxiety
82% Self Esteem
78% Trauma and PTSD
77% Coping Skills
75% Stress
73% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
72% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 89131 see their clients

60% Online Only
40% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 89131?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.