Therapists in 87002

Photo of Brandy Castillo - Heart & Soul of NM, Inc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Heart & Soul of NM, Inc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Belen, NM 87002
Heart & Soul of NM is an outpatient behavioral health agency that nurtures well-being. Our team guides you toward healing, believing in the journey to wellness together. Our experts specialize in therapy, psychiatry, and community support and have the expertise to meet your unique needs, whether relationship issues, addiction, or independent living tools. We are passionate about enhancing your quality of life, fostering growth, and helping you reach your potential. Together, we create a better tomorrow, one person at a time, because your best life starts today.
Heart & Soul of NM is an outpatient behavioral health agency that nurtures well-being. Our team guides you toward healing, believing in the journey to wellness together. Our experts specialize in therapy, psychiatry, and community support and have the expertise to meet your unique needs, whether relationship issues, addiction, or independent living tools. We are passionate about enhancing your quality of life, fostering growth, and helping you reach your potential. Together, we create a better tomorrow, one person at a time, because your best life starts today.
(505) 492-0041 View (505) 492-0041
Photo of Michelle Herron - Herron Solutions, LLC., Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LADAC, CHW, CCSS
Herron Solutions, LLC.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LADAC, CHW, CCSS
1 Endorsed
Belen, NM 87002
We currently only have Medicaid Slots Available. We have (IOP) Intensive Outpatient Program in Albuquerque and Belen, NM. Our IOP in Albuquerque is MWF 9am-12pm and Belen is MWTh 9am-12pm. Herron Solutions is currently open for therapy and support services in Socorro, Belen, Albuquerque and through Telehealth. We offer comprehensive community support services (CCSS), GED support, Peer Support, and various trainings/classes to assist our community. Our therapists and workers have many years of experience and a many areas. You can find more information on herronsolutionsllc.com
We currently only have Medicaid Slots Available. We have (IOP) Intensive Outpatient Program in Albuquerque and Belen, NM. Our IOP in Albuquerque is MWF 9am-12pm and Belen is MWTh 9am-12pm. Herron Solutions is currently open for therapy and support services in Socorro, Belen, Albuquerque and through Telehealth. We offer comprehensive community support services (CCSS), GED support, Peer Support, and various trainings/classes to assist our community. Our therapists and workers have many years of experience and a many areas. You can find more information on herronsolutionsllc.com
(505) 405-8922 View (505) 405-8922
Photo of Courtney Savannah Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Courtney Savannah Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Online Only
Life can be so hard! What makes it even harder is when we find ourselves with no one to turn to during tough times. Therapy can be a safe place to find support and encouragement during challenging times. I deeply enjoy my role of walking alongside clients, being an encouragement and helping them explore new tools to cope more effectively with all of life’s many mountains and valleys. Through therapy sessions I can help you in finding a deeper understanding of yourself, your relationships, your past and how all of these experiences impact your quality of life and behavior today.
Life can be so hard! What makes it even harder is when we find ourselves with no one to turn to during tough times. Therapy can be a safe place to find support and encouragement during challenging times. I deeply enjoy my role of walking alongside clients, being an encouragement and helping them explore new tools to cope more effectively with all of life’s many mountains and valleys. Through therapy sessions I can help you in finding a deeper understanding of yourself, your relationships, your past and how all of these experiences impact your quality of life and behavior today.
(505) 392-2976 View (505) 392-2976
Photo of James Hatfield - Central New Mexico Counseling Services, Counselor, MA, LPCC
Central New Mexico Counseling Services
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Serves Area
Central New Mexico Counseling Services is staffed by ten therapist (master level and/or PhD), New Mexico licensed with the training and credentials to provide therapeutic services for children (4 to 12), teens (13 to 16), young adults (17 to 21), adults, and seniors. We partner with local medical professionals to provide medication management and referral services. CNMCS is conveniently located at the first stop light just east of highway 314. We welcome the opportunity to answer your questions and concerns. Contact us at 505-565-9496.
Central New Mexico Counseling Services is staffed by ten therapist (master level and/or PhD), New Mexico licensed with the training and credentials to provide therapeutic services for children (4 to 12), teens (13 to 16), young adults (17 to 21), adults, and seniors. We partner with local medical professionals to provide medication management and referral services. CNMCS is conveniently located at the first stop light just east of highway 314. We welcome the opportunity to answer your questions and concerns. Contact us at 505-565-9496.
(505) 465-4873 View (505) 465-4873
Photo of Mauricio Lopez Marquez Sandia Family Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Mauricio Lopez Marquez Sandia Family Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Growing up in Mexico, I was taught to believe that therapy was only for "crazy people". I have come to understand the stigma this brings to those who need support. Therapy is for everyone who wants to make a positive change in their life. Ahora aceptando nuevos clientes. Naci en Aguascalientes, Ags. Mexico y llegue a lost 15 anos de edad a este pais. Creci con el pensamiento que la terapia era solo para la gente "loca". Reconozco que no, eso es una mentira. La terapia es una de las maneras mas positiva para sanar la mente y el corazon de los pesares de la vida.
Growing up in Mexico, I was taught to believe that therapy was only for "crazy people". I have come to understand the stigma this brings to those who need support. Therapy is for everyone who wants to make a positive change in their life. Ahora aceptando nuevos clientes. Naci en Aguascalientes, Ags. Mexico y llegue a lost 15 anos de edad a este pais. Creci con el pensamiento que la terapia era solo para la gente "loca". Reconozco que no, eso es una mentira. La terapia es una de las maneras mas positiva para sanar la mente y el corazon de los pesares de la vida.
(505) 657-5321 View (505) 657-5321
Photo of Quinton Middleton - Blue Sky Wellness LLC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LSAA
Blue Sky Wellness LLC
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LSAA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I understand that no one chooses to develop a substance use disorder. Instead, individuals who become dependent on substances are coping with life circumstances to the best of their ability.
I understand that no one chooses to develop a substance use disorder. Instead, individuals who become dependent on substances are coping with life circumstances to the best of their ability.
(505) 636-1273 View (505) 636-1273
Photo of Huda Ibrahim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW, LCSW
Huda Ibrahim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW, LCSW
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life transitions, stress, or anxiety? Maybe you're a new parent adjusting to your changing role while navigating postpartum challenges. Or perhaps you're ready to explore past traumas or current events with tools like EMDR to help you heal and move forward. If any of this resonates with you, you’re in the right place. I’m here to support and equip you with the tools you need to regain control, build resilience, and learn how to regulate yourself internally. Taking this step to seek support is an important one, and I believe together we can work toward your healing and growth.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life transitions, stress, or anxiety? Maybe you're a new parent adjusting to your changing role while navigating postpartum challenges. Or perhaps you're ready to explore past traumas or current events with tools like EMDR to help you heal and move forward. If any of this resonates with you, you’re in the right place. I’m here to support and equip you with the tools you need to regain control, build resilience, and learn how to regulate yourself internally. Taking this step to seek support is an important one, and I believe together we can work toward your healing and growth.
(505) 578-0598 View (505) 578-0598
Photo of Cheryl Aiken, Counselor, PsyD, LPCC
Cheryl Aiken
Counselor, PsyD, LPCC
Online Only
In Today's crazy world life can get chaotic, out of control and overwhelming, making it difficult to manage life's demands! Such stress can lead to emotional health issues for many. Dr. Aiken provides a safe and supportive virtual environment where you will be heard and understood. Dr. Aiken will help you resolve emotional and behavioral health problems so you can live your best life.
In Today's crazy world life can get chaotic, out of control and overwhelming, making it difficult to manage life's demands! Such stress can lead to emotional health issues for many. Dr. Aiken provides a safe and supportive virtual environment where you will be heard and understood. Dr. Aiken will help you resolve emotional and behavioral health problems so you can live your best life.
(505) 933-7211 View (505) 933-7211
Photo of Rozanne Hurst, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Rozanne Hurst
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Interacting with people without judgment is an important value that is a staple in my belief system. Life experiences have taught me empathy, patience, compromise, and how to seek a different perspective when faced with challenges.
Interacting with people without judgment is an important value that is a staple in my belief system. Life experiences have taught me empathy, patience, compromise, and how to seek a different perspective when faced with challenges.
(505) 531-4007 View (505) 531-4007
Photo of Sharon Baty - WomenSPEAK Recovery Counseling & Therapy, Counselor, PhD, , LPCC, LPC
WomenSPEAK Recovery Counseling & Therapy
Counselor, PhD, , LPCC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Perhaps you’re at a point where you are frustrated and tired of starting over with a new therapist. You’re tired of telling your story over and over again and not experiencing any relief. You’re tired of taking all these medications and being numb. And you’re tired of your past trauma disrupting your everyday life. Perhaps you’re wondering if you’re ever going to heal and feel better. You CAN heal. The therapist’s job is to help facilitate the healing process that lies within you. To heal from trauma, you don’t have to talk about the details of what has happened to you (unless you find it helpful).
Perhaps you’re at a point where you are frustrated and tired of starting over with a new therapist. You’re tired of telling your story over and over again and not experiencing any relief. You’re tired of taking all these medications and being numb. And you’re tired of your past trauma disrupting your everyday life. Perhaps you’re wondering if you’re ever going to heal and feel better. You CAN heal. The therapist’s job is to help facilitate the healing process that lies within you. To heal from trauma, you don’t have to talk about the details of what has happened to you (unless you find it helpful).
(469) 754-8256 View (469) 754-8256
Photo of Teddie Chambers, Counselor, MA, LPCC
Teddie Chambers
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Serves Area
Hi, I’m Teddie! I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and trauma-related disorders. I recognize that each person’s experience is unique, and strive to offer personalized support that respects and honors your individuality. My goal is to listen, understand, and assist you in navigating your path to healing and personal growth. I believe that everyone has the capacity to overcome life's challenges and heal from their past. My role is to create a safe space where you feel supported to explore and navigate your thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
Hi, I’m Teddie! I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and trauma-related disorders. I recognize that each person’s experience is unique, and strive to offer personalized support that respects and honors your individuality. My goal is to listen, understand, and assist you in navigating your path to healing and personal growth. I believe that everyone has the capacity to overcome life's challenges and heal from their past. My role is to create a safe space where you feel supported to explore and navigate your thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
(505) 594-5857 View (505) 594-5857
Photo of Gerasimos Demosthenis Klonis, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Gerasimos Demosthenis Klonis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Serves Area
I have immediate availability and I typically have clients scheduled in for their assessments within two weeks at this time. My mission is to help individuals improve their quality of life and discover who they are and what they’d like to accomplish in life by being a present, attentive, compassionate, and non-judgmental therapist. I have vast experience in treating individuals suffering from substance abuse and chemical dependency, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, anger, domestic violence, trauma and PTSD, psychosis, and other debilitating mental health challenges.
I have immediate availability and I typically have clients scheduled in for their assessments within two weeks at this time. My mission is to help individuals improve their quality of life and discover who they are and what they’d like to accomplish in life by being a present, attentive, compassionate, and non-judgmental therapist. I have vast experience in treating individuals suffering from substance abuse and chemical dependency, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, anger, domestic violence, trauma and PTSD, psychosis, and other debilitating mental health challenges.
(505) 502-5547 View (505) 502-5547
Photo of Ken Hutchinson, Psychologist, PhD
Ken Hutchinson
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
Thanks for visiting. I'm an experienced psychologist with a part time practice in the Albuquerque area. I conduct psychotherapy with individuals, couples, families, and groups. I work with older adolescents and adults. I approach therapy from a gestalt perspective which means co-creating a meaningful depth and connection in therapy. I also train therapists in gestalt therapy and specialize in doing therapy with other therapists. My goal is to help others live richly, meaningfully, and deeply. I welcome those who find this information resonant.
Thanks for visiting. I'm an experienced psychologist with a part time practice in the Albuquerque area. I conduct psychotherapy with individuals, couples, families, and groups. I work with older adolescents and adults. I approach therapy from a gestalt perspective which means co-creating a meaningful depth and connection in therapy. I also train therapists in gestalt therapy and specialize in doing therapy with other therapists. My goal is to help others live richly, meaningfully, and deeply. I welcome those who find this information resonant.
(505) 405-6548 View (505) 405-6548

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jeannie Montoya, Counselor, MA, LPCC
Jeannie Montoya
Counselor, MA, LPCC
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Accepting new clients - Presbyterian Insurances ONLY. Seeking and building trust with a professional can be uncomfortable as you are putting your trust in a complete stranger. I hope to build a therapeutic relationship and help you find courage through gentle comfort and support, while offering tools to develop coping skills to create a safe environment. I am passionate about helping others, desire to re-instill hope in people's lives, and can attest to therapy being healing. My intent is to guide you while together exploring and working toward resolution so you may establish stability and self-confidence.
Accepting new clients - Presbyterian Insurances ONLY. Seeking and building trust with a professional can be uncomfortable as you are putting your trust in a complete stranger. I hope to build a therapeutic relationship and help you find courage through gentle comfort and support, while offering tools to develop coping skills to create a safe environment. I am passionate about helping others, desire to re-instill hope in people's lives, and can attest to therapy being healing. My intent is to guide you while together exploring and working toward resolution so you may establish stability and self-confidence.
(505) 715-5716 View (505) 715-5716
Photo of Dianne R Barnes - Dianne Barnes, Counselor, LPCC, LPAT, ATR-BC, NCC, MA
Dianne Barnes
Counselor, LPCC, LPAT, ATR-BC, NCC, MA
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I'd like to help you set your best self free. Through mental health counseling, art therapy, sand tray, mindfulness, visualization, and transpersonal therapy, we will work together to address the important concerns in your life. I am strength-based, compassionate, empowering, and focused on you. I work with many issues including Grief and Loss, PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, Life Transition, Low Self Esteem, Relationship Issues, and Adjustment Disorders. For an appointment, call me at 505-492-5128.
I'd like to help you set your best self free. Through mental health counseling, art therapy, sand tray, mindfulness, visualization, and transpersonal therapy, we will work together to address the important concerns in your life. I am strength-based, compassionate, empowering, and focused on you. I work with many issues including Grief and Loss, PTSD, Depression, Anxiety, Life Transition, Low Self Esteem, Relationship Issues, and Adjustment Disorders. For an appointment, call me at 505-492-5128.
(505) 322-6800 View (505) 322-6800
Photo of Robin Deisher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW-S
Robin Deisher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW-S
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Finding the right therapist can feel like an impossible task when you're struggling. I can help get you started quickly in the right direction. I offer a free 15 minute phone consultation to help you determine whether my style is a good fit for you. You are not alone in this. Each of our paths may look different but change and growth is always possible. Let me help you get where you want to go. I will work with you to help you define your goals and take steps that allow for the health and well-being you deserve.
Finding the right therapist can feel like an impossible task when you're struggling. I can help get you started quickly in the right direction. I offer a free 15 minute phone consultation to help you determine whether my style is a good fit for you. You are not alone in this. Each of our paths may look different but change and growth is always possible. Let me help you get where you want to go. I will work with you to help you define your goals and take steps that allow for the health and well-being you deserve.
View
Photo of MelindaJoy Pattison, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
MelindaJoy Pattison
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Serves Area
Success in the process of psychotherapy is ultimately dependent upon the relationship between therapist and client. Beyond that--any additional modality training can be useful but not a replacement, for this all important element. I am a relationally trained psychotherapist. Creating a safe and nurturing space for my clients to do the work that is unique for each one of them, is my speciality. That means I am able to work with just about anyone and that I can help with nearly any - thing you may have going on in your life. Whether you carry a heavy load of anxiety or find yourself in active addiction; I believe I can help.
Success in the process of psychotherapy is ultimately dependent upon the relationship between therapist and client. Beyond that--any additional modality training can be useful but not a replacement, for this all important element. I am a relationally trained psychotherapist. Creating a safe and nurturing space for my clients to do the work that is unique for each one of them, is my speciality. That means I am able to work with just about anyone and that I can help with nearly any - thing you may have going on in your life. Whether you carry a heavy load of anxiety or find yourself in active addiction; I believe I can help.
(505) 557-1778 View (505) 557-1778
Photo of Bruce Burleson, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADAC
Bruce Burleson
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADAC
Serves Area
Now accepting new clients! Video appointments available statewide in NM, and in-person counseling appointments available in Roswell. Are you experiencing problems with alcohol or other drugs? Well I have some good news and bad news for you. First the bad news. It takes effort to stop addictive behaviors, and to address the underlying emotional or trauma issues that compel you to relapse over and over again. There's no magic wand, no Abracadabra. Now the good news. The cycle doesn't have to be endless, and recovery is possible!
Now accepting new clients! Video appointments available statewide in NM, and in-person counseling appointments available in Roswell. Are you experiencing problems with alcohol or other drugs? Well I have some good news and bad news for you. First the bad news. It takes effort to stop addictive behaviors, and to address the underlying emotional or trauma issues that compel you to relapse over and over again. There's no magic wand, no Abracadabra. Now the good news. The cycle doesn't have to be endless, and recovery is possible!
(575) 500-5662 View (575) 500-5662
Photo of Theresa Seffrin, Counselor, MA, LPCC
Theresa Seffrin
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Online Only
Are you smart, successful, and juggling a lot, but your days often include feeling drained, plagued, stuck, or like you can't get over a hump? Do you often feel like you hit a brick wall, or missed your boat? Panic? Anxiety? My deep desire is to create a nourishing and healing experience for you. Time does not heal wounds. Awareness and honoring you and your unique process does heal. For more than twenty years, my passion has been exploring and developing empowerment and healing tools to facilitate and enhance people's well-being. My wisdom includes a wholistic approach to health, and I am eager to begin your journey.
Are you smart, successful, and juggling a lot, but your days often include feeling drained, plagued, stuck, or like you can't get over a hump? Do you often feel like you hit a brick wall, or missed your boat? Panic? Anxiety? My deep desire is to create a nourishing and healing experience for you. Time does not heal wounds. Awareness and honoring you and your unique process does heal. For more than twenty years, my passion has been exploring and developing empowerment and healing tools to facilitate and enhance people's well-being. My wisdom includes a wholistic approach to health, and I am eager to begin your journey.
(951) 848-3791 View (951) 848-3791
Photo of Jennifer Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I offer traditional talk therapy and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), a highly recognized method for treating trauma and a wide range of emotional and behavioral concerns. I also support clients navigating life transitions and phase-of-life adjustments. I offer a blended-method approach tailored to support healing, motivation, and self-awareness.
I offer traditional talk therapy and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), a highly recognized method for treating trauma and a wide range of emotional and behavioral concerns. I also support clients navigating life transitions and phase-of-life adjustments. I offer a blended-method approach tailored to support healing, motivation, and self-awareness.
(505) 309-4852 View (505) 309-4852

See more therapy options for 87002

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 87002

10+

Average cost per session

$122

Therapists in 87002 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
92% Trauma and PTSD
77% Coping Skills
77% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
69% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Medicaid
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Presbyterian

How Therapists in 87002 see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

55% Female
45% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 87002?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.