Photo of Catherine Lequesne Dovgan, Licensed Professional Counselor
Catherine Lequesne Dovgan
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a licensed professional counselor, with extensive trauma training. I primarily use a CBT/DBT approach, and provide significant amount of psycho-education in order to help you understand as much as possible about the dynamics. I hold a masters in professional counseling, a bachelor in psychology and sociology; occasionally, I teach at colleges.My focus is trauma, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, ADHD, ODD, personality disorders/emotional codependency traits, as well as from LGBTQA related issues.
I am a licensed professional counselor, with extensive trauma training. I primarily use a CBT/DBT approach, and provide significant amount of psycho-education in order to help you understand as much as possible about the dynamics. I hold a masters in professional counseling, a bachelor in psychology and sociology; occasionally, I teach at colleges.My focus is trauma, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, ADHD, ODD, personality disorders/emotional codependency traits, as well as from LGBTQA related issues.
(928) 569-8085 View (928) 569-8085
Photo of Jennifer Kehrle, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Kehrle
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
She has been in the counseling field for close to ten years. In that time she has worked with substance abuse, co-occurring disorders, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, PTSD, trauma, intimate partner abuse, and marital and family issues. As a trained marital and family therapist, she takes a systemic view of each situation, assessing how individual factors impact the big picture of a person’s life.
She has been in the counseling field for close to ten years. In that time she has worked with substance abuse, co-occurring disorders, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, PTSD, trauma, intimate partner abuse, and marital and family issues. As a trained marital and family therapist, she takes a systemic view of each situation, assessing how individual factors impact the big picture of a person’s life.
(480) 418-2134 View (480) 418-2134
Photo of Crystal McCormick - Making A Difference Support Services, LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Making A Difference Support Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
For over 30 years I have worked with a variety of patients and client groups, including: the military, the school district, hospitals, dialysis, hospice and cancer navigation. It has been a tremendous joy to see the growth in services and the focus on continuity of care - a true vision of mine. I believe we can best care for our patients and clients by empowering them to care for themselves.
For over 30 years I have worked with a variety of patients and client groups, including: the military, the school district, hospitals, dialysis, hospice and cancer navigation. It has been a tremendous joy to see the growth in services and the focus on continuity of care - a true vision of mine. I believe we can best care for our patients and clients by empowering them to care for themselves.
(907) 341-4869 View (907) 341-4869
Photo of Cynthia Hawk, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cynthia Hawk
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
Cynthia Hawk, M.Ed., LPC-S, MAC, MCBQS, Founder & Owner, is a Mental Health Counseling Psychotherapist, National Master Addiction Counselor, Certified by the Missouri Credentialing Board to train addiction counselors, a Certified Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapist, a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor (train & supervise counselors), Certified Mental Health First Aider, Wellness Coach & Trainer, Board Certified "Kink Conscious" Sex Therapist and Coach, and student obtaining a PhD in Clinical Sexology.
Cynthia Hawk, M.Ed., LPC-S, MAC, MCBQS, Founder & Owner, is a Mental Health Counseling Psychotherapist, National Master Addiction Counselor, Certified by the Missouri Credentialing Board to train addiction counselors, a Certified Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapist, a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor (train & supervise counselors), Certified Mental Health First Aider, Wellness Coach & Trainer, Board Certified "Kink Conscious" Sex Therapist and Coach, and student obtaining a PhD in Clinical Sexology.
(480) 613-2192 View (480) 613-2192
Photo of Bill Owenby, Licensed Professional Counselor
Bill Owenby
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome to therapy, and welcome to my page! I'm glad you are looking around and seeing who is a good fit for you. My approach is clinically casual, where it will feel like conversation, collaboration, and identification of your needs without the pressure or scrutiny of a formal process. I may have a cat or two walk by, I will be dressed casually, and will drink coffee during our sessions. If you are looking for a concrete or formalized approach with agendas, homework assigned every session, as well as an astutely professional status within each and every session, I am not your man! To start, let's go over some of the boring but impo
Welcome to therapy, and welcome to my page! I'm glad you are looking around and seeing who is a good fit for you. My approach is clinically casual, where it will feel like conversation, collaboration, and identification of your needs without the pressure or scrutiny of a formal process. I may have a cat or two walk by, I will be dressed casually, and will drink coffee during our sessions. If you are looking for a concrete or formalized approach with agendas, homework assigned every session, as well as an astutely professional status within each and every session, I am not your man! To start, let's go over some of the boring but impo
(928) 504-2562 View (928) 504-2562
Photo of Danielle Japenga, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle Japenga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
Accepting New Clients. Hi! I have always enjoyed helping others and have found it to be very meaningful to assist other's in their healing journey. It is an honor for me to watch my Clients grow and reach potential they didn't believe possible. Over the last 14 years, I have work across many levels of care, diverse populations (LGBTQIA+ affirming) and believe in an individualized approach to treatment without judgment. I focus on ages 14 and older, struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma and unexpected life events.
Accepting New Clients. Hi! I have always enjoyed helping others and have found it to be very meaningful to assist other's in their healing journey. It is an honor for me to watch my Clients grow and reach potential they didn't believe possible. Over the last 14 years, I have work across many levels of care, diverse populations (LGBTQIA+ affirming) and believe in an individualized approach to treatment without judgment. I focus on ages 14 and older, struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma and unexpected life events.
(623) 288-2546 View (623) 288-2546
Photo of Jessica I. Sambrano, MS, LAC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jessica I. Sambrano
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
I'm thrilled to see you're taking steps toward creating positive change in your life. Often, we face challenges such as unstable relationships, difficulty setting boundaries, communication struggles, overwhelming emotions, or low self-esteem creating mental health concerns. My passion is helping individuals find balance and regain control over their lives. I aim to create an environment where you feel empowered and heard. My approach is built on guidance that is accepting, empathetic, and culturally aware, while focusing on building self-awareness and helping you navigate challenges with confidence.
I'm thrilled to see you're taking steps toward creating positive change in your life. Often, we face challenges such as unstable relationships, difficulty setting boundaries, communication struggles, overwhelming emotions, or low self-esteem creating mental health concerns. My passion is helping individuals find balance and regain control over their lives. I aim to create an environment where you feel empowered and heard. My approach is built on guidance that is accepting, empathetic, and culturally aware, while focusing on building self-awareness and helping you navigate challenges with confidence.
(928) 370-3179 View (928) 370-3179
Photo of Rich Killen, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rich Killen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
I have a passion for helping people reach their goals whether it is personal, relational, occupational or any other domain in your life. I became a therapist because I enjoy helping people and I enjoy understanding what makes each person unique. It is through this understanding that I am able to get to the root of the problem and help walk alongside my clients through their journey of healing.
I have a passion for helping people reach their goals whether it is personal, relational, occupational or any other domain in your life. I became a therapist because I enjoy helping people and I enjoy understanding what makes each person unique. It is through this understanding that I am able to get to the root of the problem and help walk alongside my clients through their journey of healing.
(480) 535-0204 View (480) 535-0204
Photo of Celeste Strong, LPC-S, NCC, CAGCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Celeste Strong
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, NCC, CAGCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
I am so thrilled you are here and excited to become a part of your journey in using your own personal power to achieve your ideal self. My name is Celeste. I am a Nationally Certified Counselor, licensed through the Arizona Board of Behavioral Health as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Supervisor. I have experience utilizing Dialectical and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies, EMDR, and Positive Psychology to address multiple issues stemming from trauma, depression, anxiety, substance use, phobias, grief, relationships, chronic pain, low self-esteem, and other life experiences.
I am so thrilled you are here and excited to become a part of your journey in using your own personal power to achieve your ideal self. My name is Celeste. I am a Nationally Certified Counselor, licensed through the Arizona Board of Behavioral Health as a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Supervisor. I have experience utilizing Dialectical and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies, EMDR, and Positive Psychology to address multiple issues stemming from trauma, depression, anxiety, substance use, phobias, grief, relationships, chronic pain, low self-esteem, and other life experiences.
(623) 624-3660 View (623) 624-3660
Photo of Alexa Gonzales, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alexa Gonzales
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Is everyday becoming increasingly difficult to manage? Has there been so many changes that its been hard to determine the next direction best for YOU? I guide young adults in developing and restoring a healthy sense of self. I believe that our greatest challenges in life can be an opportunity to reach authenticity and fulfillment. I encourage clients to cultivate internal awareness that aids in developing a deep understanding of thought and behavior patterns that are contributing to their feelings. Together, we can develop sustainable skills that support healing and learning through hardships to enhance your quality of life.
Is everyday becoming increasingly difficult to manage? Has there been so many changes that its been hard to determine the next direction best for YOU? I guide young adults in developing and restoring a healthy sense of self. I believe that our greatest challenges in life can be an opportunity to reach authenticity and fulfillment. I encourage clients to cultivate internal awareness that aids in developing a deep understanding of thought and behavior patterns that are contributing to their feelings. Together, we can develop sustainable skills that support healing and learning through hardships to enhance your quality of life.
(520) 779-3215 View (520) 779-3215
Photo of Breanna Heaney, LAC, Counselor
Breanna Heaney
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
Hey there! How is your healing journey treating you? Is it like one of those rollercoasters that drops you from thousands of feet in the air, spins you in circles, and makes you want to scream or throw up? Is it like stepping on a Lego piece that appears out of nowhere? Is it like an annoying hiccup that just won’t stop to let you take in a deep breath? Or is it kind of lonely and you’re wanting to talk to someone? Everyone experiences struggles in different ways, and I just want you to know that it takes strength to be vulnerable and reach out for help. I see you and I am here for you.
Hey there! How is your healing journey treating you? Is it like one of those rollercoasters that drops you from thousands of feet in the air, spins you in circles, and makes you want to scream or throw up? Is it like stepping on a Lego piece that appears out of nowhere? Is it like an annoying hiccup that just won’t stop to let you take in a deep breath? Or is it kind of lonely and you’re wanting to talk to someone? Everyone experiences struggles in different ways, and I just want you to know that it takes strength to be vulnerable and reach out for help. I see you and I am here for you.
(623) 281-2080 View (623) 281-2080
Photo of Jordin Bourque, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordin Bourque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! I’m a holistic therapist who is passionate about supporting women and their mental health. Many of my clients feel overwhelmed by the impact of trauma, anxiety, relationship difficulties, and low self-esteem. It is my goal to empower women to break out of unhealthy cycles and restore their sense of self.
Welcome! I’m a holistic therapist who is passionate about supporting women and their mental health. Many of my clients feel overwhelmed by the impact of trauma, anxiety, relationship difficulties, and low self-esteem. It is my goal to empower women to break out of unhealthy cycles and restore their sense of self.
(602) 641-3990 View (602) 641-3990
Photo of Quin Washington, MS
Quin Washington
Licensed Associate Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
I enjoy working with individuals and couples of all ages including young children and adolescents. My go-to treatment modalities include CBT, DBT, Mindfulness and I am certified in herbalism. I strive to integrate holistic care into my practice by using yoga, meditation, and sound healing to help people connect and heal mind, body, and spirit. As a Christian Faith based professional counselor, I want to help people find the tools and truths necessary to achieve peace. I really enjoy brainstorming and/or
I enjoy working with individuals and couples of all ages including young children and adolescents. My go-to treatment modalities include CBT, DBT, Mindfulness and I am certified in herbalism. I strive to integrate holistic care into my practice by using yoga, meditation, and sound healing to help people connect and heal mind, body, and spirit. As a Christian Faith based professional counselor, I want to help people find the tools and truths necessary to achieve peace. I really enjoy brainstorming and/or
(480) 739-3721 View (480) 739-3721
Photo of Jennifer Buttars Curran, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Buttars Curran
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Peoria, AZ 85380
My name is Jennifer B. Curran, MS, LAMFT. I love working with people and believe in the importance of healthy relationships. I have worked with people from all walks of life, each with a unique history and story to tell. I enjoy assisting people in unlocking their amazing potential, as well as in the incredible potential within their relationships.
My name is Jennifer B. Curran, MS, LAMFT. I love working with people and believe in the importance of healthy relationships. I have worked with people from all walks of life, each with a unique history and story to tell. I enjoy assisting people in unlocking their amazing potential, as well as in the incredible potential within their relationships.
(623) 462-0686 View (623) 462-0686
Photo of Aj Spatz, MA, LAC-T, Counselor
Aj Spatz
Counselor, MA, LAC-T
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Peoria, AZ 85380
It has been a privilege to work with a wide range of individuals, couples, families, and groups, including children, teens, and adults. When conceptualizing collaboratively with a client, I want to work towards identifying the core, underlying issue. Symptom management is important, but in conjunction with this, we will strive to find the roots of the presenting problem. In this way, we can empower you to be autonomous, empowered, and emboldened.
It has been a privilege to work with a wide range of individuals, couples, families, and groups, including children, teens, and adults. When conceptualizing collaboratively with a client, I want to work towards identifying the core, underlying issue. Symptom management is important, but in conjunction with this, we will strive to find the roots of the presenting problem. In this way, we can empower you to be autonomous, empowered, and emboldened.
(623) 288-5567 View (623) 288-5567

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Diana Hernandez, Licensed Professional Counselor
Diana Hernandez
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
As a former corporate paralegal, Diana recognized the lack of balance regarding distribution of opportunities, as well as access to and participation in resources. This realization led to Diana pursing her true passion of professional counseling. Today, Diana is a licensed psychotherapist who has worked in the behavioral health industry for more than 20 years. Diana began her new behavioral health passion working in residential treatment programs designed to enhance skills for individuals reintegrating to community living after long-term institutionalization.
As a former corporate paralegal, Diana recognized the lack of balance regarding distribution of opportunities, as well as access to and participation in resources. This realization led to Diana pursing her true passion of professional counseling. Today, Diana is a licensed psychotherapist who has worked in the behavioral health industry for more than 20 years. Diana began her new behavioral health passion working in residential treatment programs designed to enhance skills for individuals reintegrating to community living after long-term institutionalization.
(928) 599-4996 View (928) 599-4996
Photo of Dr. Tracy S. Kelly - Dr. Tracy S. Kelly,  The Strategic Psychotherapist, EdD, LMFT, NCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Tracy S. Kelly, The Strategic Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD, LMFT, NCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Now accepting Aetna insurance! Accepting new clients using Telehealth! Look toward a life free from the things that have held you back. I specialize in helping adolescents, adults, couples, and families toward wellness, and healing. If you're seeking new ways to change behaviors, thoughts, and actions, with new tools, you're in the right place. I work with clients to help them heal from a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, low-self esteem, fear, doubt, abuse, grief, loss, ADD/ADHD, infidelity, divorce, blended families, mood disorders, hopelessness, stress, communication, and more.
Now accepting Aetna insurance! Accepting new clients using Telehealth! Look toward a life free from the things that have held you back. I specialize in helping adolescents, adults, couples, and families toward wellness, and healing. If you're seeking new ways to change behaviors, thoughts, and actions, with new tools, you're in the right place. I work with clients to help them heal from a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, low-self esteem, fear, doubt, abuse, grief, loss, ADD/ADHD, infidelity, divorce, blended families, mood disorders, hopelessness, stress, communication, and more.
(602) 353-7433 View (602) 353-7433
Photo of Sandra DeVoe, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sandra DeVoe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I am a warm, gentle, non-judgemental therapist that has over 10years of experience. I support people with both professionally diagnosed and self-diagnosed neurodiversity. I am trauma informed regarding both big and small traumas. I specialized in working with people who are neurodivergent (autistic, ADHD, Dyslexic, TBI, and learning disabilities). I have lived experience as a neurodivergent person. I can also help support caregivers and family members who are learning to have more compassion and understanding of family members with formally and self-diagnosed autism or ADHD.
I am a warm, gentle, non-judgemental therapist that has over 10years of experience. I support people with both professionally diagnosed and self-diagnosed neurodiversity. I am trauma informed regarding both big and small traumas. I specialized in working with people who are neurodivergent (autistic, ADHD, Dyslexic, TBI, and learning disabilities). I have lived experience as a neurodivergent person. I can also help support caregivers and family members who are learning to have more compassion and understanding of family members with formally and self-diagnosed autism or ADHD.
(321) 529-1174 View (321) 529-1174
Photo of Krista Borgwardt, LIMHP, LICSW, LPC, Counselor
Krista Borgwardt
Counselor, LIMHP, LICSW, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85085
Are your life experiences challenging, painful and/or overwhelming? Struggling with your self-worth? Concerned about sex issues with a partner? We'll focus on you learning to identify and heal from painful experiences that prevent you from living your best quality of life. In a safe, nurturing and non-judgmental environment we will address your healing, strength discovery and relationships. Everyone is unique, so I use a holistic approach to work closely with you to create a customized treatment plan. I am here to help you fully recover and have a better relationship with yourself and others.
Are your life experiences challenging, painful and/or overwhelming? Struggling with your self-worth? Concerned about sex issues with a partner? We'll focus on you learning to identify and heal from painful experiences that prevent you from living your best quality of life. In a safe, nurturing and non-judgmental environment we will address your healing, strength discovery and relationships. Everyone is unique, so I use a holistic approach to work closely with you to create a customized treatment plan. I am here to help you fully recover and have a better relationship with yourself and others.
(402) 532-0048 View (402) 532-0048
Photo of Nina Dhaliwal, LPCC, LPC, NCC
Nina Dhaliwal
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
You've been taking care of others for as long as you can remember. You’ve always sacrificed your own well-being to help those around you. A friend broke up with her partner, so you’re the shoulder to cry on. There was a problem with a client at work, so you fixed it. Your husband and kids rely on you for everything from getting dressed to eating meals. “As long as everyone else is happy,” you tell yourself, “Then I’m fine.” But you’re not fine. You’ve completely lost touch with yourself and don’t have the time or energy to find your way back. You’re filled with guilt whenever you try to take a moment for yourself. It feels hopeless.
You've been taking care of others for as long as you can remember. You’ve always sacrificed your own well-being to help those around you. A friend broke up with her partner, so you’re the shoulder to cry on. There was a problem with a client at work, so you fixed it. Your husband and kids rely on you for everything from getting dressed to eating meals. “As long as everyone else is happy,” you tell yourself, “Then I’m fine.” But you’re not fine. You’ve completely lost touch with yourself and don’t have the time or energy to find your way back. You’re filled with guilt whenever you try to take a moment for yourself. It feels hopeless.
(619) 586-6505 View (619) 586-6505

See more therapy options for 85380

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 85380

10+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 85380 who prioritize treating:

87% Depression
80% Anxiety
80% Trauma and PTSD
73% Stress
67% Coping Skills
60% Relationship Issues
53% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

5 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 85380 see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 85380?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.