Therapists in Olympia, WA

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Photo of Marcie C Eynon, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Marcie C Eynon
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98506  (Online Only)
All behavior has a purpose. Understanding why we behave in different ways is the first step toward deciding if we want to change our thoughts, feelings, and actions. As a person-centered therapist, your perspective matters to me. I want to understand what matters most to you. I offer non-judgmental support in a culturally-sensitive, compassionate environment. I believe clients have their own answers within themselves and I can help clients discover their own solutions using a positive, strength-based, mindful approach. I am here to help you identify personal goals and support you on your journey.
All behavior has a purpose. Understanding why we behave in different ways is the first step toward deciding if we want to change our thoughts, feelings, and actions. As a person-centered therapist, your perspective matters to me. I want to understand what matters most to you. I offer non-judgmental support in a culturally-sensitive, compassionate environment. I believe clients have their own answers within themselves and I can help clients discover their own solutions using a positive, strength-based, mindful approach. I am here to help you identify personal goals and support you on your journey.
(360) 545-3551 View (360) 545-3551
Photo of Miguel Maloney Perez-Gibson, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Miguel Maloney Perez-Gibson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501
This Sky, where we live is no place to lose your wings, so love, love, Love.- Hafiz . My specialty is working with clients who have a desire to incorporate a contemplative (meditation) spiritual practice while working on pressing psychological issues. Relationship, depression, a general malaise, career questions, spirituality, meditation, personal growth? I welcome work on all these..feel free to give me a call, and we can see if it is a fit..
This Sky, where we live is no place to lose your wings, so love, love, Love.- Hafiz . My specialty is working with clients who have a desire to incorporate a contemplative (meditation) spiritual practice while working on pressing psychological issues. Relationship, depression, a general malaise, career questions, spirituality, meditation, personal growth? I welcome work on all these..feel free to give me a call, and we can see if it is a fit..
(360) 524-6392 View (360) 524-6392
Photo of Quinn Russell, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Quinn Russell
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98506  (Online Only)
Hi! I hope finding your way here is a step towards getting the support that fits you best. About me: I often work with LGBTQ+ clients. I'm a sex/kink/BDSM and polyamory positive therapist, a body liberation supportive provider and I celebrate neurodiversity. I often utilize connection with nature, creativity, and somatic tools for nervous system regulation. I also enjoy working with meaning making/ spirituality, and life transitions. I'd love to support you in creating more of the life you want. If you want to know more, check out my website!
Hi! I hope finding your way here is a step towards getting the support that fits you best. About me: I often work with LGBTQ+ clients. I'm a sex/kink/BDSM and polyamory positive therapist, a body liberation supportive provider and I celebrate neurodiversity. I often utilize connection with nature, creativity, and somatic tools for nervous system regulation. I also enjoy working with meaning making/ spirituality, and life transitions. I'd love to support you in creating more of the life you want. If you want to know more, check out my website!
(844) 923-2437 View (844) 923-2437
Photo of Ed Brendler, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Ed Brendler
Counselor, PsyD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98502
Not accepting new clients
The practice of therapy is often the practice of relationship in a safe, structured, and contained environment. My clients deal with issues related to trauma, depression, anxiety, ADD, ADHD, relationship, sexual orientation and gender identity. Each client comes in with a different story, background, and constellation of experiences and capabilities. When we engage and work together, it is that connection that leads to therapeutic change.
The practice of therapy is often the practice of relationship in a safe, structured, and contained environment. My clients deal with issues related to trauma, depression, anxiety, ADD, ADHD, relationship, sexual orientation and gender identity. Each client comes in with a different story, background, and constellation of experiences and capabilities. When we engage and work together, it is that connection that leads to therapeutic change.
(360) 499-0459 View (360) 499-0459
Photo of Lisa Franklin, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Lisa Franklin
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98502
Not accepting new clients
The therapeutic relationship is a partnership based on a commitment to the process of understanding, acceptance, and transformation. My professional training and personal life experience allows me to help those wanting to make substantial advances in their life and their relationships. Therapy is about taking the time to ask questions while being patient for the answer.
The therapeutic relationship is a partnership based on a commitment to the process of understanding, acceptance, and transformation. My professional training and personal life experience allows me to help those wanting to make substantial advances in their life and their relationships. Therapy is about taking the time to ask questions while being patient for the answer.
(360) 968-7162 View (360) 968-7162
Photo of Sarah Joan Carr, Social Worker Associate in Olympia, WA
Sarah Joan Carr
Social Worker Associate, LICSWA, MSW
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
Trauma has a way of disconnecting us from ourselves and our bodies. Therapy is an opportunity to reconnect and cultivate resilience, insight, and self-love. If you have been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, stressed, or stuck, together we will work together to reestablish safety, balance, and wellness in your life. Together we will create a safe space for you to heal and find a home within yourself.
Trauma has a way of disconnecting us from ourselves and our bodies. Therapy is an opportunity to reconnect and cultivate resilience, insight, and self-love. If you have been feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, stressed, or stuck, together we will work together to reestablish safety, balance, and wellness in your life. Together we will create a safe space for you to heal and find a home within yourself.
(971) 251-0886 View (971) 251-0886
Photo of Tarrah Bonner, Pre-Licensed Professional in Olympia, WA
Tarrah Bonner
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHCA, MA, MHP
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98502  (Online Only)
I’m Tarrah, a Licensed Mental Health Therapist Associate as well as a mother, wife, friend, and real person here to help. My goal is helping children cope with life’s challenges while becoming individuals who recognize their worth. I see people as more than their diagnoses and with that in mind I strive to guide growth and understanding of how to live life fully. My work focuses on children with serious/acute mental illnesses and symptoms (like Bipolar, suicidal ideation, behavioral concerns, and personality disorders) and their parents.
I’m Tarrah, a Licensed Mental Health Therapist Associate as well as a mother, wife, friend, and real person here to help. My goal is helping children cope with life’s challenges while becoming individuals who recognize their worth. I see people as more than their diagnoses and with that in mind I strive to guide growth and understanding of how to live life fully. My work focuses on children with serious/acute mental illnesses and symptoms (like Bipolar, suicidal ideation, behavioral concerns, and personality disorders) and their parents.
(360) 587-0986 View (360) 587-0986
Photo of Tracy Foels, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Tracy Foels
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
As a parent you miss their smile & kind nature that has vanished, you feel stuck not knowing how to help your child. In the elementary years there might be school absences piling up as you dread coaxing them to school for a feared assessment or unkind peers. Your teen may melt down over finding the right clothes to fit in, an upcoming presentation or feeling alone at lunch. Family time is always on edge waiting for the lashing out that ensues after a rise in panic, stress or anxiety. Like others, you may be questioning your parenting and feel shame because you can’t find your way around the anxiety that has a grip on your child.
As a parent you miss their smile & kind nature that has vanished, you feel stuck not knowing how to help your child. In the elementary years there might be school absences piling up as you dread coaxing them to school for a feared assessment or unkind peers. Your teen may melt down over finding the right clothes to fit in, an upcoming presentation or feeling alone at lunch. Family time is always on edge waiting for the lashing out that ensues after a rise in panic, stress or anxiety. Like others, you may be questioning your parenting and feel shame because you can’t find your way around the anxiety that has a grip on your child.
(360) 837-5520 View (360) 837-5520
Photo of Kristin Mize Stocks, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Kristin Mize Stocks
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
Hello! I am accepting new clients on a case by case basis and am willing to place people on a waitlist. Don't hesitate to reach out. I provide individual therapy via telehealth with the option of including people of your choosing. I hold a deep belief in the inherent capacity for growth and change that exists within every individual, regardless of their circumstances. Nothing is more gratifying than witnessing your own personal growth. My approach is client centered and creative. My clients come from various cultural backgrounds, ethnicities, socioeconomic statuses, gender identities. I look forward to working with you.
Hello! I am accepting new clients on a case by case basis and am willing to place people on a waitlist. Don't hesitate to reach out. I provide individual therapy via telehealth with the option of including people of your choosing. I hold a deep belief in the inherent capacity for growth and change that exists within every individual, regardless of their circumstances. Nothing is more gratifying than witnessing your own personal growth. My approach is client centered and creative. My clients come from various cultural backgrounds, ethnicities, socioeconomic statuses, gender identities. I look forward to working with you.
(360) 780-7032 x100 View (360) 780-7032 x100
Photo of Tanavé Wellness PLLC, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Tanavé Wellness PLLC
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98502
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression? Do you feel overwhelmed by life’s challenges? As a holistic counselor, coach, and mindfulness, and meditation teacher, I offer a unique approach to support you on your journey towards emotional well-being and personal growth. My approach is integrative, combining traditional psychotherapy with holistic methods to address your unique needs. I believe in treating the whole person; mind, body, and spirit to promote self exploration, healing and transformation.
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression? Do you feel overwhelmed by life’s challenges? As a holistic counselor, coach, and mindfulness, and meditation teacher, I offer a unique approach to support you on your journey towards emotional well-being and personal growth. My approach is integrative, combining traditional psychotherapy with holistic methods to address your unique needs. I believe in treating the whole person; mind, body, and spirit to promote self exploration, healing and transformation.
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Photo of Jill Komura, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Jill Komura
Counselor, MS, MDiv, LMHC
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98502
My ideal client is ready to begin work with a trained professional to develop the mental, emotional and physical self-awareness and improved skills to more readily navigate life's changes and challenges. They want to better understand themselves and their relationships, to develop their own resilience and foster enjoyment in life. This ideal client is focused on healing old wounds so they can cultivating a stronger and more confident sense of who they are in the present. This person is interested in working to explore and discover meaning and satisfaction across the arc of their entire life.
My ideal client is ready to begin work with a trained professional to develop the mental, emotional and physical self-awareness and improved skills to more readily navigate life's changes and challenges. They want to better understand themselves and their relationships, to develop their own resilience and foster enjoyment in life. This ideal client is focused on healing old wounds so they can cultivating a stronger and more confident sense of who they are in the present. This person is interested in working to explore and discover meaning and satisfaction across the arc of their entire life.
(360) 539-1230 View (360) 539-1230
Photo of Joy Cromwell, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Joy Cromwell
Counselor, LMHC, LCPC, NCC, C-DBT, CCTP
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98507  (Online Only)
I am a creative by heart, and a counselor by trade. It is my pleasure to hold space for people as they seek to get to know themselves better and learn how to best solve their own problems. I am a firm believer that deep down, people know what is right for them, and they know how to solve their own problems. My job as a counselor is to help you remove the layers of cultural conditioning, negative self-talk, trauma memories, and more to help you get reconnected with your self. My goal is to stand beside you as we examine barriers, explore possibilities, and help you find your inner strength to fight any battles that come your way.
I am a creative by heart, and a counselor by trade. It is my pleasure to hold space for people as they seek to get to know themselves better and learn how to best solve their own problems. I am a firm believer that deep down, people know what is right for them, and they know how to solve their own problems. My job as a counselor is to help you remove the layers of cultural conditioning, negative self-talk, trauma memories, and more to help you get reconnected with your self. My goal is to stand beside you as we examine barriers, explore possibilities, and help you find your inner strength to fight any battles that come your way.
(360) 776-6318 View (360) 776-6318
Photo of Carlos Castanon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Olympia, WA
Carlos Castanon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSWA
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
We are all complex individuals, with thoughts, feelings and behaviors that arise from our everyday experiences. Sometimes life throws us challenges that are too overwhelming to handle alone. As a trauma informed and culturally sensitive therapist, I understand the importance of allowing space and time for healing in a non-judgmental space. I am well equipped to help people across the lifespan and enjoy working with individuals, couples, and families.
We are all complex individuals, with thoughts, feelings and behaviors that arise from our everyday experiences. Sometimes life throws us challenges that are too overwhelming to handle alone. As a trauma informed and culturally sensitive therapist, I understand the importance of allowing space and time for healing in a non-judgmental space. I am well equipped to help people across the lifespan and enjoy working with individuals, couples, and families.
(253) 600-4316 View (253) 600-4316
Photo of Cristal Java, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Cristal Java
Counselor, MA, LMHC, SUDPt
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98506
Not accepting new clients
Experiences and feelings come in waves; sometimes we need a little help. Through a supportive, holistic approach, I empower people to cope and find joy. I am compassionate, straightforward, and encourage collaboration. I believe that each of us is unique, thus requiring individualized attention. Emotions reside not just in the mind but also in the body. We need strategies and healing that involve our entire beings. I offer EMDR, Lifespan Integration, Somatic Strategies, Imaginal/Art Therapy, and am informed by Internal Family Systems Therapy. I utilize talk therapy, storytelling, and narrative/journaling. Growth is possible."
Experiences and feelings come in waves; sometimes we need a little help. Through a supportive, holistic approach, I empower people to cope and find joy. I am compassionate, straightforward, and encourage collaboration. I believe that each of us is unique, thus requiring individualized attention. Emotions reside not just in the mind but also in the body. We need strategies and healing that involve our entire beings. I offer EMDR, Lifespan Integration, Somatic Strategies, Imaginal/Art Therapy, and am informed by Internal Family Systems Therapy. I utilize talk therapy, storytelling, and narrative/journaling. Growth is possible."
(360) 329-9123 View (360) 329-9123
Photo of Brenna Woslum, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Brenna Woslum
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98501
Are you looking for change and support in the New Year? Let's work together and find a path forward. Specializing in first responder trauma, perinatal mental health, and ADHD, I have immediate telehealth availability. I work primarily with adults and couples. 15 minute intro calls available.
Are you looking for change and support in the New Year? Let's work together and find a path forward. Specializing in first responder trauma, perinatal mental health, and ADHD, I have immediate telehealth availability. I work primarily with adults and couples. 15 minute intro calls available.
(360) 732-8197 View (360) 732-8197
Photo of Jane E Morgan, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Jane E Morgan
Counselor, MA, CDP, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98512  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Life can bring challenges that we are unprepared to cope with. Emotional pain can be difficult and it is sometimes hard to ask for help. I strive to provide hope, support, and direction so that you may find peace. There are times when extra support and an outside view helps to gain clarity and direction. At other times, you may want a guide to help dig deeper into past issues to transform and grow. I create a comfortable environment that encourages growth and self acceptance.
Life can bring challenges that we are unprepared to cope with. Emotional pain can be difficult and it is sometimes hard to ask for help. I strive to provide hope, support, and direction so that you may find peace. There are times when extra support and an outside view helps to gain clarity and direction. At other times, you may want a guide to help dig deeper into past issues to transform and grow. I create a comfortable environment that encourages growth and self acceptance.
(360) 200-4898 View (360) 200-4898
Photo of Vero Garcia Hola Hablo Español, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Olympia, WA
Vero Garcia Hola Hablo Español
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
We live in relationship to others. These relationships influence how we see ourselves and the world around us and sometimes we get inaccurate messages about who we are, who we need to be, and what we can and cannot do. I work with adults, teens, and families in processing life events and transitions that have made you feel disempowered and support you in remembering who you are – valuable, worthy, and resilient.
We live in relationship to others. These relationships influence how we see ourselves and the world around us and sometimes we get inaccurate messages about who we are, who we need to be, and what we can and cannot do. I work with adults, teens, and families in processing life events and transitions that have made you feel disempowered and support you in remembering who you are – valuable, worthy, and resilient.
(360) 523-7834 View (360) 523-7834
Photo of Karen M Buckley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Olympia, WA
Karen M Buckley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ACSW, OSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98501
I provide Clinical Consultation for Clinicians, Supervision for professionals seeking License Hours as well as Mental Health Counseling & Adoption Home Studies. My website provides more information on all of these services including my expertise, training & focus. With every service I aim to provide a comfortable, safe & non-judgmental experience. This is imperative to help support you in your growth. I enjoy working with everyone regardless, of race, color, creed, ethnicity, religion, spiritual practice, age or sexual orientation.
I provide Clinical Consultation for Clinicians, Supervision for professionals seeking License Hours as well as Mental Health Counseling & Adoption Home Studies. My website provides more information on all of these services including my expertise, training & focus. With every service I aim to provide a comfortable, safe & non-judgmental experience. This is imperative to help support you in your growth. I enjoy working with everyone regardless, of race, color, creed, ethnicity, religion, spiritual practice, age or sexual orientation.
(360) 727-0122 View (360) 727-0122
Photo of Dani Patrick, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Dani Patrick
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Olympia, WA 98501  (Online Only)
Accepting clients as of 4/19/24. Whether you’re queer, transgender, non-binary, neurodivergent, non-monogamous, or kinky, you deserve a therapist who gets you. Maybe stress or past trauma has impacted how you show up to life or relationships. Maybe creativity plays a big role in your life but self doubt always creeps in when you try to create. Maybe despite external success, you still struggle to feel good about yourself. As a therapist, I work to support you in bringing curiosity and compassion towards yourself. Together we can unpack your experience, develop deeper self-understanding, shift patterns that no longer work for you.
Accepting clients as of 4/19/24. Whether you’re queer, transgender, non-binary, neurodivergent, non-monogamous, or kinky, you deserve a therapist who gets you. Maybe stress or past trauma has impacted how you show up to life or relationships. Maybe creativity plays a big role in your life but self doubt always creeps in when you try to create. Maybe despite external success, you still struggle to feel good about yourself. As a therapist, I work to support you in bringing curiosity and compassion towards yourself. Together we can unpack your experience, develop deeper self-understanding, shift patterns that no longer work for you.
(206) 451-2735 View (206) 451-2735
Photo of Sfirah Madrone, Counselor in Olympia, WA
Sfirah Madrone
Counselor, MA, LMHC, SUDP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Olympia, WA 98502
My focus is on helping survivors of traumatic events, relationships and social systems to heal and address the impact that these experiences have had on their adult lives. Maybe you've noticed symptoms like intrusive thoughts, sleep problems, feeling on guard, not being able to remember things you feel you should or having very negative beliefs about yourself and the world. You may have dealt with the symptoms for so long that they seem like a part of you- unhelpful patterns, depression, anxiety, problems with substances, difficulty making desired life changes in your career, relationships or parenting. Things can be different!
My focus is on helping survivors of traumatic events, relationships and social systems to heal and address the impact that these experiences have had on their adult lives. Maybe you've noticed symptoms like intrusive thoughts, sleep problems, feeling on guard, not being able to remember things you feel you should or having very negative beliefs about yourself and the world. You may have dealt with the symptoms for so long that they seem like a part of you- unhelpful patterns, depression, anxiety, problems with substances, difficulty making desired life changes in your career, relationships or parenting. Things can be different!
(360) 512-7824 View (360) 512-7824

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Olympia, WA

400+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Olympia, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Trauma and PTSD
76% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
72% Stress
67% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Premera
68% Regence
60% Aetna

How Therapists in Olympia, WA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
18% Male
8% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Olympia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.