Photo of Sam Barrons, MA, MS, LAMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Sam Barrons
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MS, LAMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you seeking a therapist who understands and celebrates your unique identity, relationship, and experiences? As an LGBTAI+ provider, I am committed to providing a safe, non-judgmental space for individuals, couples, and families to explore their unique challenges and work toward healing and growth. My practice focuses on serving the LGBTQAI+, kinky, polyamorous/CNM, and trauma survivor communities, and I am dedicated to fostering a culture of acceptance and understanding. With a passion for helping others navigate life's complexities, I offer personalized guidance and support tailored to your needs.
Are you seeking a therapist who understands and celebrates your unique identity, relationship, and experiences? As an LGBTAI+ provider, I am committed to providing a safe, non-judgmental space for individuals, couples, and families to explore their unique challenges and work toward healing and growth. My practice focuses on serving the LGBTQAI+, kinky, polyamorous/CNM, and trauma survivor communities, and I am dedicated to fostering a culture of acceptance and understanding. With a passion for helping others navigate life's complexities, I offer personalized guidance and support tailored to your needs.
(602) 560-4351 View (602) 560-4351
Photo of Felicia Marsh, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Felicia Marsh
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
I am a trauma-focused practitioner who utilizes a holistic approach to treatment. I treat various types of trauma but focus specifically on sexual abuse, domestic violence, and religious traumas. I also diagnose and treat various dissociative disorders, including Dissociative Identity Disorder. My clients benefit from grounding, stabilization, self-regulation, and trauma processing. Additionally, I enjoy empowering victims of domestic violence through psychoeducation on prevention and self-defense.
I am a trauma-focused practitioner who utilizes a holistic approach to treatment. I treat various types of trauma but focus specifically on sexual abuse, domestic violence, and religious traumas. I also diagnose and treat various dissociative disorders, including Dissociative Identity Disorder. My clients benefit from grounding, stabilization, self-regulation, and trauma processing. Additionally, I enjoy empowering victims of domestic violence through psychoeducation on prevention and self-defense.
(602) 536-5884 View (602) 536-5884
Photo of Lisa Corbett, MSc, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa Corbett
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Arizona. I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience and will work with you to find the most comfortable, safe approach to addressing your concerns and therapeutic issues. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) along with Mindfulness and Solution-Focused approaches. I have extensive background in working with people who are struggling with drug and alcohol issues and will work with you towards recovery and an overall more serene life.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Arizona. I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience and will work with you to find the most comfortable, safe approach to addressing your concerns and therapeutic issues. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) along with Mindfulness and Solution-Focused approaches. I have extensive background in working with people who are struggling with drug and alcohol issues and will work with you towards recovery and an overall more serene life.
(602) 362-4696 View (602) 362-4696
Photo of Cody Morales, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cody Morales
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
The focus of my work is to help people live life based on their values. I use a gentle, honest approach to help my clients to identify their struggles and take steps to move toward the life they want. I help my clients to improve their emotion regulation and communication skills, while empowering them to move in a valued direction. It is my philosophy that although we my not have caused our struggles we are responsible to learn and grow from them. I specialize in mindfulness based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
The focus of my work is to help people live life based on their values. I use a gentle, honest approach to help my clients to identify their struggles and take steps to move toward the life they want. I help my clients to improve their emotion regulation and communication skills, while empowering them to move in a valued direction. It is my philosophy that although we my not have caused our struggles we are responsible to learn and grow from them. I specialize in mindfulness based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
(520) 641-8464 View (520) 641-8464
Photo of Elisabeth Ihlenfeld, LPC, CCTP-II, CIMHP, C-PD, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elisabeth Ihlenfeld
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP-II, CIMHP, C-PD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Strange as it may sound, my ideal client is someone who has been suffering in a profound way and, despite numerous past interactions with mental health providers, has yet to fully make sense of themself, let alone remove the obstacles to change and growth that have them stuck. Regardless of what diagnosis a person has been given before, my interest is in what is behind it. How and why did they develop the particular maladaptive strategies behind the symptoms comprising what we call a "psychological disorder?" What purpose do they serve, despite the suffering they engender? This is the need to know stuff of real change...
Strange as it may sound, my ideal client is someone who has been suffering in a profound way and, despite numerous past interactions with mental health providers, has yet to fully make sense of themself, let alone remove the obstacles to change and growth that have them stuck. Regardless of what diagnosis a person has been given before, my interest is in what is behind it. How and why did they develop the particular maladaptive strategies behind the symptoms comprising what we call a "psychological disorder?" What purpose do they serve, despite the suffering they engender? This is the need to know stuff of real change...
(312) 376-0316 View (312) 376-0316
Photo of Heather Young, PsyD, Psychologist
Heather Young
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
I work with individual adults (18+) managing a variety of issues, including trauma and PTSD, spiritual/existential issues and concerns, creative blocks, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and career/life path development.
I work with individual adults (18+) managing a variety of issues, including trauma and PTSD, spiritual/existential issues and concerns, creative blocks, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and career/life path development.
(602) 755-3476 View (602) 755-3476
Photo of Kelly Finn, LCSW, LISAC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelly Finn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISAC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
You may have been sitting in your car, gripping your steering wheel as your heart pounded in your chest, wondering if you could ever get help. For years, you may have carried your own trauma or issues with anxiety, intrusive thoughts, impulsive actions, or emotions that feel impossible to control in silence - feeling their overwhelming weight that seems as though it can never be left behind. There may have been a time when you felt more like yourself, and you want that back. Or there may be no sense of who this self is, and you would like to understand who you have the potential of being.
You may have been sitting in your car, gripping your steering wheel as your heart pounded in your chest, wondering if you could ever get help. For years, you may have carried your own trauma or issues with anxiety, intrusive thoughts, impulsive actions, or emotions that feel impossible to control in silence - feeling their overwhelming weight that seems as though it can never be left behind. There may have been a time when you felt more like yourself, and you want that back. Or there may be no sense of who this self is, and you would like to understand who you have the potential of being.
(623) 282-2008 View (623) 282-2008
Photo of Shelbi Moeller, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shelbi Moeller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Waitlist for new clients
I am an LMSW working with individuals, couples, and families ages 5 and up. I started my career working at a private school dedicated to assisting youth and families impacted by the AZ Foster Care System. There, I found a passion for supporting individuals who have endured trauma and moments of intense stress in their life. I incorporate this passion into my practice by utilizing trauma informed techniques to promote a sense of safety and security while the client shares their experiences. I values her client’s voice and encourage them to provide direction as they establish a unique treatment plan tailored to address their needs.
I am an LMSW working with individuals, couples, and families ages 5 and up. I started my career working at a private school dedicated to assisting youth and families impacted by the AZ Foster Care System. There, I found a passion for supporting individuals who have endured trauma and moments of intense stress in their life. I incorporate this passion into my practice by utilizing trauma informed techniques to promote a sense of safety and security while the client shares their experiences. I values her client’s voice and encourage them to provide direction as they establish a unique treatment plan tailored to address their needs.
(602) 786-5742 View (602) 786-5742
Photo of Lisa Mutterperl, LMFT, LASAC, CAADC, ATR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Mutterperl
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LASAC, CAADC, ATR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
First, it is to be acknowledged that you have taken a BIG step in reaching out! Be proud of yourself as this is NOT as easy as it sounds. Are you feeling stuck and struggling with how to respond to life's challenges? Are you ready to create positive change? It is my goal to develop a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship that provides you with a solid foundation for change. I can help to work with you in navigating you towards identified goals.
First, it is to be acknowledged that you have taken a BIG step in reaching out! Be proud of yourself as this is NOT as easy as it sounds. Are you feeling stuck and struggling with how to respond to life's challenges? Are you ready to create positive change? It is my goal to develop a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship that provides you with a solid foundation for change. I can help to work with you in navigating you towards identified goals.
(623) 304-9712 View (623) 304-9712
Photo of Taylor Oribello, LAMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Taylor Oribello
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Throughout my education and work experiences, I have discovered my passion in helping adolescent and adult clients through individual, couples, and family therapy. Relationships are a beautiful, challenging, complex part of our lives. I enjoy helping people work through relationship issues, unique family dynamics, and communication difficulties. Whether you are looking to process a past relationship, or work through a current dilemma, I am here to support you and your loved ones using whatever techniques you vibe with the most.
Throughout my education and work experiences, I have discovered my passion in helping adolescent and adult clients through individual, couples, and family therapy. Relationships are a beautiful, challenging, complex part of our lives. I enjoy helping people work through relationship issues, unique family dynamics, and communication difficulties. Whether you are looking to process a past relationship, or work through a current dilemma, I am here to support you and your loved ones using whatever techniques you vibe with the most.
(602) 671-2916 View (602) 671-2916
Photo of Marlena Stanford, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marlena Stanford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Are you exhausted by feeling empty and just want to be happy again? Are panic attacks taking over your life? Maybe you've been told to "get over it" or "just relax" but you know it's not that simple. Depression may show up for you as irritability, feeling worthless, or lack of enjoyment in anything, maybe even the people you care about most. Struggles with depression look different for everyone: teens might have angry outbursts while older adults might notice a deep sense of isolation. Struggles with panic attacks might leave you anxious and afraid, even to do daily activities like driving or participating in social situations.
Are you exhausted by feeling empty and just want to be happy again? Are panic attacks taking over your life? Maybe you've been told to "get over it" or "just relax" but you know it's not that simple. Depression may show up for you as irritability, feeling worthless, or lack of enjoyment in anything, maybe even the people you care about most. Struggles with depression look different for everyone: teens might have angry outbursts while older adults might notice a deep sense of isolation. Struggles with panic attacks might leave you anxious and afraid, even to do daily activities like driving or participating in social situations.
(623) 352-0796 View (623) 352-0796
Photo of Melissa Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and School Social Worker and have worked in community mental health clinics and school settings. I earned a PhD in transformative learning from the California Institute of Integral Studies and a Master of Social work from the University of New England. The focus of my work is in two areas. One area is the impact of complex trauma on individuals and family systems. In this work I address PTSD caused by long-term family and intimate partner violence and conflict. The other area is how individuals and people in their support systems deal effectively with serious mental illness
Hello. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and School Social Worker and have worked in community mental health clinics and school settings. I earned a PhD in transformative learning from the California Institute of Integral Studies and a Master of Social work from the University of New England. The focus of my work is in two areas. One area is the impact of complex trauma on individuals and family systems. In this work I address PTSD caused by long-term family and intimate partner violence and conflict. The other area is how individuals and people in their support systems deal effectively with serious mental illness
(480) 418-6506 View (480) 418-6506
Photo of Mary A Brasch, MACL, MA, LPC, Regd-Ht, CAGS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mary A Brasch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACL, MA, LPC, Regd-Ht, CAGS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
I believe in creating and maintaining a safe and supportive environment in which my clients have the opportunity to explore their histories and experiences, develop greater self awareness, achieve insight into their issues, and enhance their strengths. My treatment approach is both creative and flexible. I treat adults for issues that may include: Parenting, Marriage and Relationships, Communication, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Bereavement, and Gender issues. My experience over years as an educator, school counselor and behavioral specialist makes treating children and teens a special skill area I offer.
I believe in creating and maintaining a safe and supportive environment in which my clients have the opportunity to explore their histories and experiences, develop greater self awareness, achieve insight into their issues, and enhance their strengths. My treatment approach is both creative and flexible. I treat adults for issues that may include: Parenting, Marriage and Relationships, Communication, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Grief and Bereavement, and Gender issues. My experience over years as an educator, school counselor and behavioral specialist makes treating children and teens a special skill area I offer.
(602) 910-2332 View (602) 910-2332
Photo of Raleisa Parker, MS, NCC, LAC, Counselor
Raleisa Parker
Counselor, MS, NCC, LAC
Verified Verified
Online Only
When you can't look on the bright side, I will sit with you in the dark. - Alice in Wonderland My goal is to assist individuals on their healing journey, while unlocking any superpowers they may have. By creating a warm, safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment, I invite you to create your own healing journey and begin anew! The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step. -Lao Tzu
When you can't look on the bright side, I will sit with you in the dark. - Alice in Wonderland My goal is to assist individuals on their healing journey, while unlocking any superpowers they may have. By creating a warm, safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment, I invite you to create your own healing journey and begin anew! The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step. -Lao Tzu
(623) 294-6963 View (623) 294-6963
Photo of Kathy Crowley, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathy Crowley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Looking to make some changes to your current situation? I would love to meet with you & help identify ways to achieve the future you desire. Given all that has occurred in your life, what would you like to see next? We will consider strategies that you have used in the past and see how those skills might be useful in creating your desired future.
Looking to make some changes to your current situation? I would love to meet with you & help identify ways to achieve the future you desire. Given all that has occurred in your life, what would you like to see next? We will consider strategies that you have used in the past and see how those skills might be useful in creating your desired future.
(602) 780-2174 View (602) 780-2174
Photo of Adra Helmich, Licensed Professional Counselor
Adra Helmich
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
She is a licensed professional counselor specializing in treating complex trauma in first responders, adults and attachment trauma in children, adolescents as well as other co-occurring disorders. She earned a Master’s degree in Professional Counseling with a specialization in Trauma, Abuse and Deprivation from Ottawa University and a Master's degree in Psychology.
She is a licensed professional counselor specializing in treating complex trauma in first responders, adults and attachment trauma in children, adolescents as well as other co-occurring disorders. She earned a Master’s degree in Professional Counseling with a specialization in Trauma, Abuse and Deprivation from Ottawa University and a Master's degree in Psychology.
(520) 641-8628 View (520) 641-8628
Photo of Wendy Orantes, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wendy Orantes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or like life's issues have piled up? By being here, you've already taken the first step toward creating a better life. You don’t have to face the pain or struggle alone—there is a way out, and your courage has brought you this far. Therapy can be short-term or long-term—it all depends on your personal goals and what you’re looking for.
Feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or like life's issues have piled up? By being here, you've already taken the first step toward creating a better life. You don’t have to face the pain or struggle alone—there is a way out, and your courage has brought you this far. Therapy can be short-term or long-term—it all depends on your personal goals and what you’re looking for.
(520) 366-3694 View (520) 366-3694
Photo of Halina Brooke, MS, LPC, Counselor
Halina Brooke
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Maybe coming to therapy is an easy, intuitive next step for you. You know and trust yourself to find just the right counselor. You know what you need from therapy to support your relationships, career/life satisfaction, self-care needs, or trauma recovery. I trust your inner wisdom and can’t wait to collaborate with you. Or, maybe you’re more tentative about this whole “therapy” thing. Life may have taught you that trust is precious–that reaching out for support could be dangerous. You may have even gotten the message not to believe in or advocate for yourself. Well, this might be a surprise: I also trust *your* inner wisdom.
Maybe coming to therapy is an easy, intuitive next step for you. You know and trust yourself to find just the right counselor. You know what you need from therapy to support your relationships, career/life satisfaction, self-care needs, or trauma recovery. I trust your inner wisdom and can’t wait to collaborate with you. Or, maybe you’re more tentative about this whole “therapy” thing. Life may have taught you that trust is precious–that reaching out for support could be dangerous. You may have even gotten the message not to believe in or advocate for yourself. Well, this might be a surprise: I also trust *your* inner wisdom.
(602) 755-3068 View (602) 755-3068
Photo of Erica Schwartz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica Schwartz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
Hello! I’m Erica Schwartz, a strengths-based therapist dedicated to helping you navigate life’s challenges with a balanced and practical approach. I use a blend of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness to address anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, and parenting concerns. With CBT, we'll examine and reframe unhelpful thought patterns. Solution-Focused Therapy will guide us in setting and achieving practical goals, while Mindfulness will help you stay grounded and present through it all.
Hello! I’m Erica Schwartz, a strengths-based therapist dedicated to helping you navigate life’s challenges with a balanced and practical approach. I use a blend of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness to address anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, and parenting concerns. With CBT, we'll examine and reframe unhelpful thought patterns. Solution-Focused Therapy will guide us in setting and achieving practical goals, while Mindfulness will help you stay grounded and present through it all.
(602) 560-7082 View (602) 560-7082
Photo of Lisa Haughey, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa Haughey
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a mental health and substance dependency counselor licensed in both Georgia and Arizona with over 30+ years of experience. I have worked in the fields of addiction, mental health and with life coaching issues. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, addiction, career choices, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges and many solutions focused issues. I also have worked with those who have histories with the criminal justice system and understand the issues behind reentry and starting life again after release from prison. My counseling style is warm
I am a mental health and substance dependency counselor licensed in both Georgia and Arizona with over 30+ years of experience. I have worked in the fields of addiction, mental health and with life coaching issues. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, addiction, career choices, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges and many solutions focused issues. I also have worked with those who have histories with the criminal justice system and understand the issues behind reentry and starting life again after release from prison. My counseling style is warm
(928) 754-7640 View (928) 754-7640
1
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 85032

200+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in 85032 who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
65% Self Esteem
62% Relationship Issues
62% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% Aetna
84% Cigna and Evernorth
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 85032 see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 85032?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.