Therapists in 79201

Photo of Jay Anna Cherry, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Jay Anna Cherry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Childress, TX 79201
My approach to therapy involves acceptance of each client as a unique, worthwhile person, with value. I believe that the therapeutic relationship is the key to recovery. Important ingredients in this relationship include empathy, trust, warmth, genuineness, and a non-judgmental attitude. I believe that every human is capable of self-discovery, change and growth. It is my task to help my client find his/her own individual way. As tools, I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Rational Behavioral Therapy, Client Centered Therapy, Existential Therapy and other approaches designed to treat the individual. Web therapy is available.
My approach to therapy involves acceptance of each client as a unique, worthwhile person, with value. I believe that the therapeutic relationship is the key to recovery. Important ingredients in this relationship include empathy, trust, warmth, genuineness, and a non-judgmental attitude. I believe that every human is capable of self-discovery, change and growth. It is my task to help my client find his/her own individual way. As tools, I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Rational Behavioral Therapy, Client Centered Therapy, Existential Therapy and other approaches designed to treat the individual. Web therapy is available.
(940) 538-8846 View (940) 538-8846
Photo of Karolyn M Brown - Karolyn Brown Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Karolyn Brown Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Childress, TX 79201
I believe that healing happens when we care for the whole person—emotionally, physically, spiritually, and relationally. I bring years of experience in vocational ministry, pastoral care, and the mental health field. We’ll take time to understand your emotional, physical, relational, and spiritual health then build a plan that fits your story. My approach is warm, practical, and grounded in evidence-based methods. There is hope. Your healing journey starts here.
I believe that healing happens when we care for the whole person—emotionally, physically, spiritually, and relationally. I bring years of experience in vocational ministry, pastoral care, and the mental health field. We’ll take time to understand your emotional, physical, relational, and spiritual health then build a plan that fits your story. My approach is warm, practical, and grounded in evidence-based methods. There is hope. Your healing journey starts here.
(940) 204-6706 View (940) 204-6706
Photo of Staci Williams, Counselor, MEd, LPC
Staci Williams
Counselor, MEd, LPC
Childress, TX 79201
Are there things that are hard to talk about with friends or loved ones and you just need a safe space to explore your thoughts and feelings? Do you want to have better days? Do you want to have a more reasonable relationship with yourself and others? Come explore with me in a judgment free and refreshing space. We will discuss what is keeping you from living your ideal life and start working towards being the best version of yourself. I care about people who are hurting, helping them navigate the appropriate steps to take in a caring, and sometimes funny atmosphere. I truly believe it is possible to laugh and let go sometimes.
Are there things that are hard to talk about with friends or loved ones and you just need a safe space to explore your thoughts and feelings? Do you want to have better days? Do you want to have a more reasonable relationship with yourself and others? Come explore with me in a judgment free and refreshing space. We will discuss what is keeping you from living your ideal life and start working towards being the best version of yourself. I care about people who are hurting, helping them navigate the appropriate steps to take in a caring, and sometimes funny atmosphere. I truly believe it is possible to laugh and let go sometimes.
(806) 606-6272 View (806) 606-6272
Photo of Lyndsy Donnell, LPC-Associate, MS
Lyndsy Donnell
LPC-Associate, MS
Online Only
You’re tired of pretending you’re fine. You drag yourself through each day carrying trauma, grief, depression, anxiety, or the weight of big life changes, while people brush it off with, “everything happens for a reason,” or “it’s not that bad.” But it is that bad, you feel drained, unseen, and like no one understands how heavy it all feels. Maybe you’ve spent years masking, holding it together for everyone else, while inside you’re unraveling. What you want isn’t more clichés; you want real relief, a space where your pain isn’t minimized, where you can breathe, and be heard. You’re not broken, and you don't need fixing.
You’re tired of pretending you’re fine. You drag yourself through each day carrying trauma, grief, depression, anxiety, or the weight of big life changes, while people brush it off with, “everything happens for a reason,” or “it’s not that bad.” But it is that bad, you feel drained, unseen, and like no one understands how heavy it all feels. Maybe you’ve spent years masking, holding it together for everyone else, while inside you’re unraveling. What you want isn’t more clichés; you want real relief, a space where your pain isn’t minimized, where you can breathe, and be heard. You’re not broken, and you don't need fixing.
(940) 267-2772 View (940) 267-2772
Photo of Cecilia Ferreira, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Cecilia Ferreira
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Starting therapy can feel intimidating, but you don’t have to do it alone. I offer a supportive space where you can better understand your emotions, build coping tools, and feel more in control of your life. I use CBT and DBT strategies while also helping you connect past experiences to present patterns. My style is collaborative and compassionate—I’ll listen closely, offer feedback, and adapt our sessions to meet your needs.
Starting therapy can feel intimidating, but you don’t have to do it alone. I offer a supportive space where you can better understand your emotions, build coping tools, and feel more in control of your life. I use CBT and DBT strategies while also helping you connect past experiences to present patterns. My style is collaborative and compassionate—I’ll listen closely, offer feedback, and adapt our sessions to meet your needs.
(732) 627-4449 View (732) 627-4449
Photo of Jessica Durham - Revenite Therapy Services , Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Revenite Therapy Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
My ideal client longs for inner peace and self-understanding but feels weighed down by trauma, anxiety, or deep feelings of low self-worth. They may feel stuck in cycles of powerlessness or overwhelm. Some navigate life with ADHD or suspect they may be on the autism spectrum, seeking better ways to manage daily tasks or connect socially. Whether they're working to heal the past, build self-love, or create more meaningful relationships, they come to therapy with hope—to feel at home within themselves and to live with more clarity, confidence, and compassion.
My ideal client longs for inner peace and self-understanding but feels weighed down by trauma, anxiety, or deep feelings of low self-worth. They may feel stuck in cycles of powerlessness or overwhelm. Some navigate life with ADHD or suspect they may be on the autism spectrum, seeking better ways to manage daily tasks or connect socially. Whether they're working to heal the past, build self-love, or create more meaningful relationships, they come to therapy with hope—to feel at home within themselves and to live with more clarity, confidence, and compassion.
(281) 916-2928 View (281) 916-2928

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Glenda Bevel-Boyer, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S
Glenda Bevel-Boyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S
1 Endorsed
Paducah, TX 79248
I am a licensed professional counselor, supervisor and consultant who has recently relocated from Denton to Paducah, Texas. I am excited to become active in my new community, as well as maintaining previous professional ties! My counseling experience includes the areas of grief, depression, school issues, ADHD, and relationship issues. I have extensive experience working with children and adolescents and their families.
I am a licensed professional counselor, supervisor and consultant who has recently relocated from Denton to Paducah, Texas. I am excited to become active in my new community, as well as maintaining previous professional ties! My counseling experience includes the areas of grief, depression, school issues, ADHD, and relationship issues. I have extensive experience working with children and adolescents and their families.
(940) 293-2514 View (940) 293-2514

Online Therapists

Photo of Kinsey Weir, LPC Associate, MA
Kinsey Weir
LPC Associate, MA
Lockney, TX 79241
Life brings countless challenges we have to endure and overcome. Often we do not want to face these challenges alone and I am here to say you do not have to do it alone. My name is Kinsey Weir and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor – Associate, supervised by Kelsey Brewer, LPC-S.
Life brings countless challenges we have to endure and overcome. Often we do not want to face these challenges alone and I am here to say you do not have to do it alone. My name is Kinsey Weir and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor – Associate, supervised by Kelsey Brewer, LPC-S.
(806) 452-4978 View (806) 452-4978
Photo of Robert Moreno, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Robert Moreno
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Plainview, TX 79072
My personal background gave me life learned lessons to help understand others. My personal struggles along with my education has given me the strength I feel I need to work in this field. Counseling is an absolute passion I live with every day as this is what gives me purpose. The feeling of being able to help those in need motivates me like nothing else ever could.
My personal background gave me life learned lessons to help understand others. My personal struggles along with my education has given me the strength I feel I need to work in this field. Counseling is an absolute passion I live with every day as this is what gives me purpose. The feeling of being able to help those in need motivates me like nothing else ever could.
(806) 404-0981 View (806) 404-0981
Photo of Jennifer R Gonzalez, Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Jennifer R Gonzalez
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Idalou, TX 79329
My name is Jennifer Gonzalez. I specialize in a biblical based approach to mental health. I have seen so many people, young and old alike, struggling with their identity and place in this world. Life can be overwhelming. My passion is to help people find their identity in Christ, and also unravel all the things that we experience in this world. I have worked with children, youth, and adults. There is hope! If you are not seeking Christian counseling, I can still help. No one will be turned away based on belief or life style. I believe all people are created with worth and I would love to walk along side you!
My name is Jennifer Gonzalez. I specialize in a biblical based approach to mental health. I have seen so many people, young and old alike, struggling with their identity and place in this world. Life can be overwhelming. My passion is to help people find their identity in Christ, and also unravel all the things that we experience in this world. I have worked with children, youth, and adults. There is hope! If you are not seeking Christian counseling, I can still help. No one will be turned away based on belief or life style. I believe all people are created with worth and I would love to walk along side you!
(806) 472-4526 View (806) 472-4526
Photo of Karissa Jurado, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Karissa Jurado
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Pampa, TX 79065
In the words of Mr. Rogers, “Knowing that we can be loved exactly as we are gives us the best opportunity for growing into the healthiest of people." This is the same perspective I aim to bring with me into each and every therapy session. Hi! I’m Karissa J., LMFT-A supervised by Tanya Alexander, Ph.D, LMFT-S, ATR-BC. I believe there is healing when we connect with another human in being seen, heard, and supported. I enjoy working with couples and families in helping them heal. I also have over 17 years experience working with kids and teens as a teacher, which has provided me valuable insight in how to connect with your child.
In the words of Mr. Rogers, “Knowing that we can be loved exactly as we are gives us the best opportunity for growing into the healthiest of people." This is the same perspective I aim to bring with me into each and every therapy session. Hi! I’m Karissa J., LMFT-A supervised by Tanya Alexander, Ph.D, LMFT-S, ATR-BC. I believe there is healing when we connect with another human in being seen, heard, and supported. I enjoy working with couples and families in helping them heal. I also have over 17 years experience working with kids and teens as a teacher, which has provided me valuable insight in how to connect with your child.
(806) 424-4221 View (806) 424-4221
Photo of Amy Kellison - Crossroads Mental Health Services, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Crossroads Mental Health Services, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Plainview, TX 79072
****CURRENTLY FULL - CALL TO BE PLACED ON WAITING LIST*** At some point in life, we all come to a crossroads. We are faced with a choice between staying the path we've always taken or changing direction completely. Whether you are facing grief, stress, family struggles or emotional issues, I am here to help you navigate the path you choose to take. I am comfortable and knowledgeable working with clients who are at all ages and stages of life. I look forward to helping you navigate the twists and turns on the road of life!
****CURRENTLY FULL - CALL TO BE PLACED ON WAITING LIST*** At some point in life, we all come to a crossroads. We are faced with a choice between staying the path we've always taken or changing direction completely. Whether you are facing grief, stress, family struggles or emotional issues, I am here to help you navigate the path you choose to take. I am comfortable and knowledgeable working with clients who are at all ages and stages of life. I look forward to helping you navigate the twists and turns on the road of life!
(806) 513-5161 View (806) 513-5161
Photo of Hayle Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Hayle Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
2 Endorsed
Haskell, TX 79521
I place a high value on providing counseling that is safe, confidential, and non-judgmental. My aim is to empower and support my clients as we work through things in a collaborative way. I use a variety of techniques and methods in order to provide counseling that is tailored to the uniqueness of each client and his/her needs. Everybody deserves to find hope and healing.
I place a high value on providing counseling that is safe, confidential, and non-judgmental. My aim is to empower and support my clients as we work through things in a collaborative way. I use a variety of techniques and methods in order to provide counseling that is tailored to the uniqueness of each client and his/her needs. Everybody deserves to find hope and healing.
(940) 461-7589 View (940) 461-7589
Photo of Sharla Beth Knippa, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Sharla Beth Knippa
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Plainview, TX 79072
Hello! I am Sharla Knippa, a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). I am honored to meet and work with you to find healing and purpose when you face difficult, confusing, or overwhelming events in your life. I'm happy to walk with you on your journey. I want to empower you by guiding you toward making the choices that will yield the most positive interpersonal outcomes based on your strengths.
Hello! I am Sharla Knippa, a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). I am honored to meet and work with you to find healing and purpose when you face difficult, confusing, or overwhelming events in your life. I'm happy to walk with you on your journey. I want to empower you by guiding you toward making the choices that will yield the most positive interpersonal outcomes based on your strengths.
(806) 375-3641 View (806) 375-3641
Photo of Erin E. Evanson-Lass - Waypoints Counseling, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Waypoints Counseling, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Plainview, TX 79072
It can happen to anyone. Life is going along just fine, and then before you realize what happened, you find yourself in a tough situation you never expected. Coping with it has been far from easy, to say the least. You're not alone! If it's a traumatic event, if it's ongoing circumstances that impact your mood and overall functioning, perhaps I can help. I have specialized training in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy, as well as Solutions-Focused Therapy. I use a holistic approach; considering the whole person in their environment.
It can happen to anyone. Life is going along just fine, and then before you realize what happened, you find yourself in a tough situation you never expected. Coping with it has been far from easy, to say the least. You're not alone! If it's a traumatic event, if it's ongoing circumstances that impact your mood and overall functioning, perhaps I can help. I have specialized training in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy, as well as Solutions-Focused Therapy. I use a holistic approach; considering the whole person in their environment.
(806) 553-2617 View (806) 553-2617
Photo of Wendy Michelle Curtis - RenewU Counseling and Consultation Services, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
RenewU Counseling and Consultation Services, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
2 Endorsed
Vernon, TX 76384
Are you struggling with painful memories from your past? Do you find yourself avoiding certain events or places? Are you feeling intense anger over minor issues? Do you often feel on edge, as if something bad is about to happen? Are you having trouble sleeping at night? Or do you try to concentrate on a task but end up procrastinating or daydreaming instead? Have negative thoughts always seemed to be a part of your life? At RenewU Counseling and Consultation Services, we are here to help you rediscover a path to well-being. I offer compassionate trauma therapy online and in-person in Vernon, TX and online in OR.
Are you struggling with painful memories from your past? Do you find yourself avoiding certain events or places? Are you feeling intense anger over minor issues? Do you often feel on edge, as if something bad is about to happen? Are you having trouble sleeping at night? Or do you try to concentrate on a task but end up procrastinating or daydreaming instead? Have negative thoughts always seemed to be a part of your life? At RenewU Counseling and Consultation Services, we are here to help you rediscover a path to well-being. I offer compassionate trauma therapy online and in-person in Vernon, TX and online in OR.
(940) 468-1033 View (940) 468-1033
Photo of Robert Allen MacKeen, Licensed Professional Counselor
Robert Allen MacKeen
Licensed Professional Counselor
1 Endorsed
Amarillo, TX 79111
Pressure makes diamonds! Remember, it’s all about your frame of mind. Stay grounded and be positive. Remember there is purpose in your pain. Grow from your discomfort, trim your sails up when the winds of adversity come. Be mindful and start every day with a reset button and start the day on a positive note. Make your bed and live that day in present moment awareness. “You can do it !” Get a hobby, keep your routine and stay busy. Use your coping skills. Journal your positives. Set firm boundaries and 'SMART' goals. These are just a few things that my clients have needed and received in previous counseling sessions.
Pressure makes diamonds! Remember, it’s all about your frame of mind. Stay grounded and be positive. Remember there is purpose in your pain. Grow from your discomfort, trim your sails up when the winds of adversity come. Be mindful and start every day with a reset button and start the day on a positive note. Make your bed and live that day in present moment awareness. “You can do it !” Get a hobby, keep your routine and stay busy. Use your coping skills. Journal your positives. Set firm boundaries and 'SMART' goals. These are just a few things that my clients have needed and received in previous counseling sessions.
(806) 615-4251 View (806) 615-4251
Photo of Jennifer Ann Peevey, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Jennifer Ann Peevey
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Shamrock, TX 79079
Therapy is not something done TO you, it is a process done WITH you. I will be right by your side every step of the way to a healthier you. We will move up and down the mountains of your life together. I look at therapy as a joint process, where the therapist and client work together towards the client’s goals. Everyone deserves a safe place to be heard. It is a big step to seek help for life's ups and downs. I'd be honored to help you!
Therapy is not something done TO you, it is a process done WITH you. I will be right by your side every step of the way to a healthier you. We will move up and down the mountains of your life together. I look at therapy as a joint process, where the therapist and client work together towards the client’s goals. Everyone deserves a safe place to be heard. It is a big step to seek help for life's ups and downs. I'd be honored to help you!
(806) 216-6294 View (806) 216-6294
Photo of Jynna Harris, LPC-Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Jynna Harris
LPC-Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Happy, TX 79042
Hi, I’m Jynna Harris, M.Ed, LPC Associate under the supervision of Sharyn Delgado, LPC-S. I’m passionate about supporting others as they navigate life’s challenges and transitions. I strive to provide a safe, compassionate space where clients feel seen, heard, and understood. I take a client-centered, collaborative approach to counseling, tailoring each session to the individual or family’s unique needs and strengths. I value connection, trust, and strategies to help foster emotional growth, resilience, and self-awareness. It’s a privilege to walk alongside my clients on their journey toward healing and growth.
Hi, I’m Jynna Harris, M.Ed, LPC Associate under the supervision of Sharyn Delgado, LPC-S. I’m passionate about supporting others as they navigate life’s challenges and transitions. I strive to provide a safe, compassionate space where clients feel seen, heard, and understood. I take a client-centered, collaborative approach to counseling, tailoring each session to the individual or family’s unique needs and strengths. I value connection, trust, and strategies to help foster emotional growth, resilience, and self-awareness. It’s a privilege to walk alongside my clients on their journey toward healing and growth.
(806) 454-4097 View (806) 454-4097
Photo of Kristina Porter, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Kristina Porter
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Pampa, TX 79065
I am passionate about helping clients who typically could not afford counseling services discover a path to mental wellness. I want everyone to be able to find a therapist who can provide evidence-based practices to improve their lives. I utilize solution-focused brief therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and other approaches with my clients. My professional satisfaction comes from watching my clients flourish in their personal lives.
I am passionate about helping clients who typically could not afford counseling services discover a path to mental wellness. I want everyone to be able to find a therapist who can provide evidence-based practices to improve their lives. I utilize solution-focused brief therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and other approaches with my clients. My professional satisfaction comes from watching my clients flourish in their personal lives.
(806) 779-4656 View (806) 779-4656

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 79201

< 10

Therapists in 79201 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
83% Depression
83% Family Conflict
83% Coping Skills
67% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress

Average years in practice

27 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 79201 see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 79201?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.