Photo of Anissa Pfannenstiel, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anissa Pfannenstiel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66607
I integrate the spiritual realms into the therapy process. If you are coming to see me for anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions or feeling stuck with your current situation, when you work with me, you are ready to take action to align your intentions/healing goals with tangible actions. We will look from various perspectives, the now & soul perspective, generational trauma, and this life's experience seeking to find the why's in order to heal deeply. This work is beautiful, courageous, and if you say "yes" to yourself, can shift your life deeply.
I integrate the spiritual realms into the therapy process. If you are coming to see me for anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions or feeling stuck with your current situation, when you work with me, you are ready to take action to align your intentions/healing goals with tangible actions. We will look from various perspectives, the now & soul perspective, generational trauma, and this life's experience seeking to find the why's in order to heal deeply. This work is beautiful, courageous, and if you say "yes" to yourself, can shift your life deeply.
(785) 261-4652 View (785) 261-4652
Photo of Chelsea Shupe, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chelsea Shupe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66607
Are you a tween, teen, or adult overwhelmed by life’s challenges? Whether you're navigating adolescence's complexities or facing adulthood's pressures, I’m here to support you. As a therapist, I offer a safe and nurturing environment to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences together. In our sessions, we can work on Understanding the root causes of your difficulties; Developing effective coping strategies for stress and anxiety; Building healthier relationships with yourself and others; and achieving your personal and professional goals.
Are you a tween, teen, or adult overwhelmed by life’s challenges? Whether you're navigating adolescence's complexities or facing adulthood's pressures, I’m here to support you. As a therapist, I offer a safe and nurturing environment to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences together. In our sessions, we can work on Understanding the root causes of your difficulties; Developing effective coping strategies for stress and anxiety; Building healthier relationships with yourself and others; and achieving your personal and professional goals.
(785) 264-4586 View (785) 264-4586

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Samantha Attkisson-Shrimplin, LSCSW, LCAC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samantha Attkisson-Shrimplin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lawrence, KS 66049
Hi there! Thank you for stopping by my page. I know finding the right therapist can be scary and intimidating. There are a lot of unknowns and sometimes we let that hold us back. I want you to feel empowered to take control of your life. My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, welcoming and safe environment where you feel heard and validated. My belief is that your story matters and you deserve to be heard and guided through your struggle. I feel honored that my clients entrust me with their story.
Hi there! Thank you for stopping by my page. I know finding the right therapist can be scary and intimidating. There are a lot of unknowns and sometimes we let that hold us back. I want you to feel empowered to take control of your life. My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, welcoming and safe environment where you feel heard and validated. My belief is that your story matters and you deserve to be heard and guided through your struggle. I feel honored that my clients entrust me with their story.
(785) 318-4160 View (785) 318-4160
Photo of Jordan Berry, LCSW, MAT, MA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordan Berry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MAT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
You want more from your therapy. You might be thinking, "I've done some work to understand myself and my childhood and it all makes sense, but I don't feel any better." Or, "I want support for what I'm going through right now, but I don't want to just cope with it forever. I'm ready to go deeper.” You're motivated to understand yourself and your relationships, but also to get to the bottom of what really hurts and actually heal—for good. Here's the thing: when you can finally honor all parts of yourself, you can transform pain and release it, empowering you to have more confidence, agency, and authenticity. I'm here to help.
You want more from your therapy. You might be thinking, "I've done some work to understand myself and my childhood and it all makes sense, but I don't feel any better." Or, "I want support for what I'm going through right now, but I don't want to just cope with it forever. I'm ready to go deeper.” You're motivated to understand yourself and your relationships, but also to get to the bottom of what really hurts and actually heal—for good. Here's the thing: when you can finally honor all parts of yourself, you can transform pain and release it, empowering you to have more confidence, agency, and authenticity. I'm here to help.
(913) 404-8001 View (913) 404-8001
Photo of Janna M. Walpole, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janna M. Walpole
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614
Ms. Walpole is pleased to offer partnership in her client’s journey toward healing. She practices believing that therapy offers a road to real growth and transformation! Ms. Walpole works to help people lead more authentic and satisfying lives. As an Advanced Generalist and Clinical Social Worker she is able to engage with an array of clients across the lifespan. She is passionate about advocacy, neurodiversity and healing from trauma. Ms. Walpole believes that effective therapy begins in an atmosphere of warmth and acceptance.
Ms. Walpole is pleased to offer partnership in her client’s journey toward healing. She practices believing that therapy offers a road to real growth and transformation! Ms. Walpole works to help people lead more authentic and satisfying lives. As an Advanced Generalist and Clinical Social Worker she is able to engage with an array of clients across the lifespan. She is passionate about advocacy, neurodiversity and healing from trauma. Ms. Walpole believes that effective therapy begins in an atmosphere of warmth and acceptance.
(785) 310-3042 View (785) 310-3042
Photo of Mark Wm Smith, Mark Wm Smith, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Mark Wm Smith
Counselor, Mark Wm Smith, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lawrence, KS 66049
I am a compassionate and experienced therapist dedicated to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. With a non-judgmental approach and a focus on fostering self-awareness, I provide a safe space for clients to explore their emotions and develop healthier coping strategies. I am committed to helping my clients achieve their goals and reach their full potential. As your therapist, you can expect a collaborative and personalized treatment plan that integrates CBT, mindfulness techniques, early maladaptive schema theory, as well as ADHD and trauma-focused interventions.
I am a compassionate and experienced therapist dedicated to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. With a non-judgmental approach and a focus on fostering self-awareness, I provide a safe space for clients to explore their emotions and develop healthier coping strategies. I am committed to helping my clients achieve their goals and reach their full potential. As your therapist, you can expect a collaborative and personalized treatment plan that integrates CBT, mindfulness techniques, early maladaptive schema theory, as well as ADHD and trauma-focused interventions.
(785) 829-4604 View (785) 829-4604
Photo of Lindsy Rilinger, MSW, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lindsy Rilinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Lawrence, KS 66044
Not accepting new clients
Life can be a wonderful experience though it is guaranteed to be filled with challenges. We all manage these challenges in different ways, from controlling our food/body, perfectionism, avoidance and over functioning. These methods often leave us exhausted and overwhelmed. If this resonates with you I am here to help. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, self esteem/body image issues and trauma. I work with my clients to identify their own, unique value system which then serves as a guide post through life. By aligning with our values, we create space to accept the difficulties of life and lead a life you desire.
Life can be a wonderful experience though it is guaranteed to be filled with challenges. We all manage these challenges in different ways, from controlling our food/body, perfectionism, avoidance and over functioning. These methods often leave us exhausted and overwhelmed. If this resonates with you I am here to help. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, self esteem/body image issues and trauma. I work with my clients to identify their own, unique value system which then serves as a guide post through life. By aligning with our values, we create space to accept the difficulties of life and lead a life you desire.
(785) 453-3043 View (785) 453-3043
Photo of Christian Vargas, PhD, Psychologist
Christian Vargas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lawrence, KS 66049
Most people are striving to live a congruent life where their perception of self matches their lived experience. Life can throw us off this path whether it's through an unexpected event, mood disorder or life transition. I have experience working with adults with anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship issues, identity development, life transitions, and stress management. I particularly enjoy providing support to members of marginalized communities who are coping with the additional stressors of society.
Most people are striving to live a congruent life where their perception of self matches their lived experience. Life can throw us off this path whether it's through an unexpected event, mood disorder or life transition. I have experience working with adults with anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship issues, identity development, life transitions, and stress management. I particularly enjoy providing support to members of marginalized communities who are coping with the additional stressors of society.
(785) 524-2400 View (785) 524-2400
Photo of Glen Mack Harnden - Christian Psychological Services, PhD, Psychologist
Christian Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lawrence, KS 66049
The staff at Christian Psychological Services specialize in providing quality counseling and psychotherapy for individuals challenged with depression, anxiety, marital/family issues to include parent-child conflict, aging, postpartum/peripartum for women, substance abuse, career identification and transition, grief/loss, and forgiveness. Dr. Harnden also has extensive experience in providing psychological assessment evaluations for individuals and for corporations in regard to succession management, downsizing and development opportunities. Group therapy and team building services are also provided by seasoned professionals.
The staff at Christian Psychological Services specialize in providing quality counseling and psychotherapy for individuals challenged with depression, anxiety, marital/family issues to include parent-child conflict, aging, postpartum/peripartum for women, substance abuse, career identification and transition, grief/loss, and forgiveness. Dr. Harnden also has extensive experience in providing psychological assessment evaluations for individuals and for corporations in regard to succession management, downsizing and development opportunities. Group therapy and team building services are also provided by seasoned professionals.
(785) 371-2109 View (785) 371-2109
Photo of Nedu Izuegbunam, MEd, LCPC, LIMHP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nedu Izuegbunam
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LCPC, LIMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lawrence, KS 66044
Encountering stressors on a weekly basis - or even daily basis - are common human experiences. Whether it's at work, school, home, sport, or various other public settings, you can learn ways to gradually feel relief & move forward through leaning into the benefits of therapy. My approach to counseling begins with meeting the client where they are and walking with them on their journey to where they want to be.
Encountering stressors on a weekly basis - or even daily basis - are common human experiences. Whether it's at work, school, home, sport, or various other public settings, you can learn ways to gradually feel relief & move forward through leaning into the benefits of therapy. My approach to counseling begins with meeting the client where they are and walking with them on their journey to where they want to be.
(785) 340-0054 View (785) 340-0054
Photo of John B Hymon, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John B Hymon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
My client centered approach is to assist individuals in accessing needs and assessing how to enhance their cognitive wiring moving from maintaining to thriving. Standing with, in an empathetic process - that focuses on affirmation, self determination and self-actualization while building coping skills, trauma recovery and character development.
My client centered approach is to assist individuals in accessing needs and assessing how to enhance their cognitive wiring moving from maintaining to thriving. Standing with, in an empathetic process - that focuses on affirmation, self determination and self-actualization while building coping skills, trauma recovery and character development.
(785) 264-4083 View (785) 264-4083
Photo of Derrick Hurst, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Derrick Hurst
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614
In my therapeutic practice, I am committed to providing collaborative, trauma-informed, and strength-based support to clients. I believe in a client-centered approach, where clients are viewed as the experts of their own lives. I strive to create a safe and empowering environment where clients can explore their experiences, build resilience, and develop the skills needed to navigate life's challenges. Through a combination of therapeutic techniques and coaching, I aim to help clients tap into their inner strengths, cultivate self-awareness, and achieve their personal goals.
In my therapeutic practice, I am committed to providing collaborative, trauma-informed, and strength-based support to clients. I believe in a client-centered approach, where clients are viewed as the experts of their own lives. I strive to create a safe and empowering environment where clients can explore their experiences, build resilience, and develop the skills needed to navigate life's challenges. Through a combination of therapeutic techniques and coaching, I aim to help clients tap into their inner strengths, cultivate self-awareness, and achieve their personal goals.
(785) 498-8451 View (785) 498-8451
Photo of Spence Counseling Center - KS - Spence Counseling Center - KS, Counselor
Spence Counseling Center - KS
Counselor
Verified Verified
Lawrence, KS 66044
Spence Counseling Center has over 20 Christian counselors in several locations throughout Nebraska, Iowa, and Kansas allowing us to serve more populations with a wider variety of issues. Through all the changes in all the years, our mission has remained the same: bringing help, healing, and freedom to the hurting, wounded, and lonely people of this world. As Spence Counseling Center moves forward into the future, our dedication to our mission remains the same as does our commitment to Christ-centered integrative therapy.
Spence Counseling Center has over 20 Christian counselors in several locations throughout Nebraska, Iowa, and Kansas allowing us to serve more populations with a wider variety of issues. Through all the changes in all the years, our mission has remained the same: bringing help, healing, and freedom to the hurting, wounded, and lonely people of this world. As Spence Counseling Center moves forward into the future, our dedication to our mission remains the same as does our commitment to Christ-centered integrative therapy.
(785) 428-0986 View (785) 428-0986
Photo of Christy L Edwards, LSCSW, LCAC, KCGC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christy L Edwards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCAC, KCGC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
My practice is based on a strength's perspective, using a collaborative approach to each session. Using your experiences, discussing tools and new strategies, you will move through your sessions with a sense of growth and change. I will use an eclectic approach to therapy; using solution focused, cognitive behavioral or creative forms of therapy, like journaling. The structure and approach of sessions is determined by your needs. Visit my website for more information.
My practice is based on a strength's perspective, using a collaborative approach to each session. Using your experiences, discussing tools and new strategies, you will move through your sessions with a sense of growth and change. I will use an eclectic approach to therapy; using solution focused, cognitive behavioral or creative forms of therapy, like journaling. The structure and approach of sessions is determined by your needs. Visit my website for more information.
(785) 728-4127 View (785) 728-4127
Photo of Jena Bloch, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jena Bloch
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Lawrence, KS 66049
I love supporting couples and individuals who are wanting to make a change in their life or wanting to feel better. Maybe they are struggling with regulating their emotions and don't have enough tools to be as resilient as they would like to be. Maybe there are outside stressors with work, a relationship, or kids and want support in how to handle a situation. They may find themselves "triggered" by things from past trauma and they don't know how to cope. They may feel very stuck in a relationship and now sure how to move forward.
I love supporting couples and individuals who are wanting to make a change in their life or wanting to feel better. Maybe they are struggling with regulating their emotions and don't have enough tools to be as resilient as they would like to be. Maybe there are outside stressors with work, a relationship, or kids and want support in how to handle a situation. They may find themselves "triggered" by things from past trauma and they don't know how to cope. They may feel very stuck in a relationship and now sure how to move forward.
(785) 465-4472 View (785) 465-4472
Photo of Asha Hiten Soni, LPC-S, LCPC, NCC
Asha Hiten Soni
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LPC-S, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with adults who would like to improve their relationships. I work with couples, triads, throuples and polycules in addition to dyad couples. I can help rebuild trust and intimacy even when there has been a history of infidelity, I can teach communication skills to improve relationship satisfaction and reduce arguments and resentments. I can help you develop and maintain healthy boundaries and protect your personal identity even while having a relationship identity such as husband, wife or metamour.
I work with adults who would like to improve their relationships. I work with couples, triads, throuples and polycules in addition to dyad couples. I can help rebuild trust and intimacy even when there has been a history of infidelity, I can teach communication skills to improve relationship satisfaction and reduce arguments and resentments. I can help you develop and maintain healthy boundaries and protect your personal identity even while having a relationship identity such as husband, wife or metamour.
(785) 377-6983 View (785) 377-6983
Photo of Madeline Birdashaw, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Madeline Birdashaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lawrence, KS 66047
Not accepting new clients
Finding a therapist who is the right fit can be a daunting task. I emphasize collaboration, choice, and readiness to change in my practice at Integrated Clinical Services (ICS). I have a versatile therapeutic approach that is strengths-based, empowerment-focused, and person-centered. I strive to work with people in all stages of life, who are facing personal challenges, trauma (current, past, generational), everyday struggles, who want to know more about themselves, or those going through life transitions.
Finding a therapist who is the right fit can be a daunting task. I emphasize collaboration, choice, and readiness to change in my practice at Integrated Clinical Services (ICS). I have a versatile therapeutic approach that is strengths-based, empowerment-focused, and person-centered. I strive to work with people in all stages of life, who are facing personal challenges, trauma (current, past, generational), everyday struggles, who want to know more about themselves, or those going through life transitions.
(785) 509-7595 View (785) 509-7595
Photo of Julie Potter - Infertility Counseling Center, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Infertility Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66601
I am dedicated to providing a safe space for those experiencing infertility and pregnancy loss. The path to parenthood can be a difficult journey for some, and infertility and pregnancy loss often causes feelings of shame, failure, disappointment, frustration, heartbreak, and loneliness. I want to help you find healing on your own family building journey and foster resiliency so you can live a meaningful life now.
I am dedicated to providing a safe space for those experiencing infertility and pregnancy loss. The path to parenthood can be a difficult journey for some, and infertility and pregnancy loss often causes feelings of shame, failure, disappointment, frustration, heartbreak, and loneliness. I want to help you find healing on your own family building journey and foster resiliency so you can live a meaningful life now.
(816) 844-6018 View (816) 844-6018
Photo of Namaste' Manney, LMSW, CCTS-I, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Namaste' Manney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lawrence, KS 66044
Namasté is Lawrence’s only Master Certified Accelerated Resolution Therapist (ART). ART uses in-vivo exposure through visualization and rapid eye movement or bi lateral stimulation to reprogram the way in which distressful memories are stored in the brain, reducing strong physical and emotional reactions to past experiences. Also a Brainspotting Therapist, Namaste can support you in using points in your visual field to assist you in accessing and processing previously unresolved trauma or painful past memories stored in the subcortical brain. Both are ideal for treating depression, PTSD, trauma, anxiety, etc.
Namasté is Lawrence’s only Master Certified Accelerated Resolution Therapist (ART). ART uses in-vivo exposure through visualization and rapid eye movement or bi lateral stimulation to reprogram the way in which distressful memories are stored in the brain, reducing strong physical and emotional reactions to past experiences. Also a Brainspotting Therapist, Namaste can support you in using points in your visual field to assist you in accessing and processing previously unresolved trauma or painful past memories stored in the subcortical brain. Both are ideal for treating depression, PTSD, trauma, anxiety, etc.
(785) 504-1078 View (785) 504-1078
Photo of Catherine Anderson, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Catherine Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Topeka, KS 66614
I am an LSCSW who works with adolescents, teens, and adults I also see families who are facing generational changes. I am a graduate of Washburn University. I have a very eclectic approach to therapy. I do not believe therapy is a one-size-fits-all when it comes to treatment. I work with my clients to find the best fit therapeutically for their situation.
I am an LSCSW who works with adolescents, teens, and adults I also see families who are facing generational changes. I am a graduate of Washburn University. I have a very eclectic approach to therapy. I do not believe therapy is a one-size-fits-all when it comes to treatment. I work with my clients to find the best fit therapeutically for their situation.
(785) 369-1914 View (785) 369-1914

See more therapy options for 66607

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 66607

< 10

Therapists in 66607 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Behavioral Issues
100% Coping Skills
100% Stress
100% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

23 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Medicaid

How Therapists in 66607 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 66607?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.