Therapists in Chicago, IL

View neighborhoods in Chicago
Photo of David McCracken, Counselor in Chicago, IL
David McCracken
Counselor, MA, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
Not accepting new clients
You may feel a sense of stuck-ness, a deep dissatisfaction that makes it hard to get up in the morning. Maybe your brain won't shut up and keeps racing ahead to the next worry, the next fearful thought. One thing's for sure: You want someone to talk to about what's going on, who knows what it's like to feel painfully down and stressed out. Someone who can help you get back on track to a more enriching and rewarding life. I've worked with people struggling with depression, anxiety, substance abuse and relationship issues in a supportive, open way that respects clients' autonomy and values.
You may feel a sense of stuck-ness, a deep dissatisfaction that makes it hard to get up in the morning. Maybe your brain won't shut up and keeps racing ahead to the next worry, the next fearful thought. One thing's for sure: You want someone to talk to about what's going on, who knows what it's like to feel painfully down and stressed out. Someone who can help you get back on track to a more enriching and rewarding life. I've worked with people struggling with depression, anxiety, substance abuse and relationship issues in a supportive, open way that respects clients' autonomy and values.
(847) 860-6197 View (847) 860-6197
Photo of Laura Fiene, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Laura Fiene
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
I specialize in helping adults navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, self-worth, and relationship difficulties. My approach to therapy is relational, client-centered, and trauma-informed. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment so that you can freely explore what you most want for yourself.
I specialize in helping adults navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, self-worth, and relationship difficulties. My approach to therapy is relational, client-centered, and trauma-informed. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment so that you can freely explore what you most want for yourself.
(773) 537-4234 View (773) 537-4234
Photo of Shayna Goldstein & Associates, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Shayna Goldstein & Associates
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSMFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
Welcome. Embarking on a journey of personal growth is a meaningful and challenging process of exploration. For the past twenty years I have had the honor of working alongside clients as they deepen their relationship with themselves and others, making impactful changes to create a life in which they can thrive individually and relationally. Through a combination of warmth, pragmatism, peaceful presence, humor, and a custom tailored approach to your needs, I’ll engage you in a compassionately direct, patient and hopeful process that moves you towards a place of greater wholeness and meaning.
Welcome. Embarking on a journey of personal growth is a meaningful and challenging process of exploration. For the past twenty years I have had the honor of working alongside clients as they deepen their relationship with themselves and others, making impactful changes to create a life in which they can thrive individually and relationally. Through a combination of warmth, pragmatism, peaceful presence, humor, and a custom tailored approach to your needs, I’ll engage you in a compassionately direct, patient and hopeful process that moves you towards a place of greater wholeness and meaning.
(872) 253-1474 View (872) 253-1474
Photo of Dr. Lizette Solis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Dr. Lizette Solis
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642
I am a trauma therapist who is passionate about supporting people navigating life’s challenges. My clinical experience has allowed me to work in direct care and as an administrator in corporate and non-profit environments. My role as a therapist is to support my clients uncover their most loving, powerful, and compassionate self. I like to invite clients to explore and resolve thoughts and behaviors that impact their life experience by acquiring self-leadership skills, new ways of coping and exploring long lasting change.
I am a trauma therapist who is passionate about supporting people navigating life’s challenges. My clinical experience has allowed me to work in direct care and as an administrator in corporate and non-profit environments. My role as a therapist is to support my clients uncover their most loving, powerful, and compassionate self. I like to invite clients to explore and resolve thoughts and behaviors that impact their life experience by acquiring self-leadership skills, new ways of coping and exploring long lasting change.
(708) 627-2906 View (708) 627-2906
Photo of Rebecca Murray, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rebecca Murray
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
Hello! I am Rebecca, a therapist practicing in Illinois. In 2013 I graduated from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology with my Master's degree. I received training in EMDR by the EMDR Institute. Currently, I practice 100% telehealth, so we can work together no matter where you live. I see clients who are struggling with anxiety, depression, life changes, grief for the loss of a human or pet, and trauma. We all make changes when we are ready. Change can be difficult, and I will move with you at the pace you need.
Hello! I am Rebecca, a therapist practicing in Illinois. In 2013 I graduated from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology with my Master's degree. I received training in EMDR by the EMDR Institute. Currently, I practice 100% telehealth, so we can work together no matter where you live. I see clients who are struggling with anxiety, depression, life changes, grief for the loss of a human or pet, and trauma. We all make changes when we are ready. Change can be difficult, and I will move with you at the pace you need.
(872) 274-2089 View (872) 274-2089
Photo of Liliana Ramos, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Liliana Ramos
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
I value collaboration within the therapeutic space in efforts to overcome adversity. I bring a sense of curiosity, empathy, and authenticity into my sessions in effort to let clients know that I am invested in what they have to say. I understand the importance of social and racial justice within therapy and I make sure my clients feel supported. Taking a client's culture, family background, and inter-generational patterns and trauma into account is a vital part of my approach. The act of opening yourself up to the therapeutic process can be scary and vulnerable. I strive to create a sense of safety within that vulnerability.
I value collaboration within the therapeutic space in efforts to overcome adversity. I bring a sense of curiosity, empathy, and authenticity into my sessions in effort to let clients know that I am invested in what they have to say. I understand the importance of social and racial justice within therapy and I make sure my clients feel supported. Taking a client's culture, family background, and inter-generational patterns and trauma into account is a vital part of my approach. The act of opening yourself up to the therapeutic process can be scary and vulnerable. I strive to create a sense of safety within that vulnerability.
(312) 471-0943 View (312) 471-0943
Photo of Hannah Noel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Hannah Noel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
(872) 250-5473 View (872) 250-5473
Photo of Dr. Monica Zabinski, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Dr. Monica Zabinski
Counselor, PsyD, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
A metaphor I feel that encapsulates therapy: When cleaning out the garage, you often begin by pulling everything down to see what you have. You initially make a bigger mess. Yet this is an important step that allows you to see everything, sort through items individually, and decide whether it is something you still need in your life. As you progress through the clean out, you may find you have more space to rearrange the remaining pieces and make room for new experiences. The goal is to have the garage more comfortable, accessible, and organized so you not only know what you have but you can also find what you need when you need it.
A metaphor I feel that encapsulates therapy: When cleaning out the garage, you often begin by pulling everything down to see what you have. You initially make a bigger mess. Yet this is an important step that allows you to see everything, sort through items individually, and decide whether it is something you still need in your life. As you progress through the clean out, you may find you have more space to rearrange the remaining pieces and make room for new experiences. The goal is to have the garage more comfortable, accessible, and organized so you not only know what you have but you can also find what you need when you need it.
(773) 692-0150 View (773) 692-0150
Photo of Sarah Bricker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sarah Bricker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618
As we navigate the turbulence and uncertainty of today, it can be transformative to expand our circle of support. As a therapist, I value the relationship and energy that we offer each other. The success of therapy is largely predicated on the quality of the therapeutic relationship. Do you feel valued and heard? Do you feel empowered and safe? Do you enjoy sharing the space with your therapist? Within a healthy therapeutic relationship, unhealthy habit patterns can be identified and replaced with more adaptive patterns and coping strategies.
As we navigate the turbulence and uncertainty of today, it can be transformative to expand our circle of support. As a therapist, I value the relationship and energy that we offer each other. The success of therapy is largely predicated on the quality of the therapeutic relationship. Do you feel valued and heard? Do you feel empowered and safe? Do you enjoy sharing the space with your therapist? Within a healthy therapeutic relationship, unhealthy habit patterns can be identified and replaced with more adaptive patterns and coping strategies.
(872) 206-9091 View (872) 206-9091
Photo of Joel T. Meyer, MA, LCPC, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Joel T. Meyer, MA, LCPC
Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60610
Everyone experiences challenges in life. However, we may not always know how to handle the challenges that occur. We believe in a person's innate ability to overcome and change using her or his strengths. The experienced clinicians at The Meyer Group don't have an ideal client. We have a reputation for providing effective treatment to people who have difficult problems. We specialize in multiple and complicated problems and issues, ranging from mood disorders and anxiety disorders to marital and family problems.
Everyone experiences challenges in life. However, we may not always know how to handle the challenges that occur. We believe in a person's innate ability to overcome and change using her or his strengths. The experienced clinicians at The Meyer Group don't have an ideal client. We have a reputation for providing effective treatment to people who have difficult problems. We specialize in multiple and complicated problems and issues, ranging from mood disorders and anxiety disorders to marital and family problems.
(312) 262-3762 View (312) 262-3762
Photo of Samantha Taylor, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Samantha Taylor
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60607
I enjoy working with diverse individuals and have clinical experience from a variety of settings, like community partners, residential substance use treatment facilities, department of corrections, college counseling centers, and schools. Largely, my work has been with marginalized groups, complex trauma, and severe mental illness.
I enjoy working with diverse individuals and have clinical experience from a variety of settings, like community partners, residential substance use treatment facilities, department of corrections, college counseling centers, and schools. Largely, my work has been with marginalized groups, complex trauma, and severe mental illness.
(312) 778-5835 View (312) 778-5835
Photo of Carmel Browne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Carmel Browne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60654  (Online Only)
Hello and Welcome! I have been a licensed clinical social worker in the state of Illinois since 2004 and have provided care to a wide range of clients, groups, and individuals from parents, young children, adolescents, and adults. I have worked with clients from all walks of life and who present with challenges and concerns such as depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, grief and loss. Over the years because of my experience in a number of fields and have learned to navigate a great many systems such as child welfare, dual disorder treatment, and behavioral health.
Hello and Welcome! I have been a licensed clinical social worker in the state of Illinois since 2004 and have provided care to a wide range of clients, groups, and individuals from parents, young children, adolescents, and adults. I have worked with clients from all walks of life and who present with challenges and concerns such as depression, anxiety, addiction, post-traumatic stress disorder, grief and loss. Over the years because of my experience in a number of fields and have learned to navigate a great many systems such as child welfare, dual disorder treatment, and behavioral health.
(312) 766-1730 View (312) 766-1730
Photo of Danielle M. McQuay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Danielle M. McQuay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60616  (Online Only)
Do you ever wonder is there more to life, more happiness, fulfillment? I have worked with a variety of populations including children and adults that are in crisis in the community, involved with the foster care system of Illinois (DCFS), struggle with self-esteem, confidence and feelings of loneliness. I’m known for cultivating self development, self care and determination; specializing in helping you connect with your fullest potential. As a team we will begin shifting your paradigm, developing a new attitude with new results, you desire.
Do you ever wonder is there more to life, more happiness, fulfillment? I have worked with a variety of populations including children and adults that are in crisis in the community, involved with the foster care system of Illinois (DCFS), struggle with self-esteem, confidence and feelings of loneliness. I’m known for cultivating self development, self care and determination; specializing in helping you connect with your fullest potential. As a team we will begin shifting your paradigm, developing a new attitude with new results, you desire.
(312) 471-0371 View (312) 471-0371
Photo of Dylan Amlin, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Dylan Amlin
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625
Waitlist for new clients
You want a therapist who is more than just a good listener. Therapy should be a supportive but challenging and dynamic space that opens up new ways of relating to the world. I aim to build a relationship based on trust and honesty to help you develop new skills and uncover opportunities for agency and growth. Clients appreciate the frankness, humor, and authenticity I bring to the therapy space. I see value in deep exploration, but will balance it with attention to opportunities for action you can take now in your daily life. I see clients not as people who are "sick", but rather "stuck." I want to help you get unstuck.
You want a therapist who is more than just a good listener. Therapy should be a supportive but challenging and dynamic space that opens up new ways of relating to the world. I aim to build a relationship based on trust and honesty to help you develop new skills and uncover opportunities for agency and growth. Clients appreciate the frankness, humor, and authenticity I bring to the therapy space. I see value in deep exploration, but will balance it with attention to opportunities for action you can take now in your daily life. I see clients not as people who are "sick", but rather "stuck." I want to help you get unstuck.
View
Photo of Alexa Keramidas, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Alexa Keramidas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
I have special interest in working with clients who struggle with self-criticism and desire greater self-compassion and better understanding of themselves. When this self-criticism is related to body image, I work with clients from a Health At Every Size approach. One of my goals for all my clients is that they foster the same genuine compassion toward themselves that they so readily offer to their loved ones. Past clients have shared that our therapy work has felt consistently compassionate, warm, informal, and sensitive to various cultural identities. Some have remarked that therapy felt like confiding in a close friend!
I have special interest in working with clients who struggle with self-criticism and desire greater self-compassion and better understanding of themselves. When this self-criticism is related to body image, I work with clients from a Health At Every Size approach. One of my goals for all my clients is that they foster the same genuine compassion toward themselves that they so readily offer to their loved ones. Past clients have shared that our therapy work has felt consistently compassionate, warm, informal, and sensitive to various cultural identities. Some have remarked that therapy felt like confiding in a close friend!
(312) 598-1672 View (312) 598-1672
Photo of David Gasper, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
David Gasper
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, LMHC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel like you've lost your way? Maybe your use of substances or engagement in acting out behaviors has taken you so far from your values you don't know what they are anymore. Perhaps you've experienced a recent life change, and the future seems so uncertain you don't know who you are anymore. I combine a science-based therapeutic approach with a deep love of philosophy to help you work towards a fuller understanding of yourself and your world. Together, we'll use that robust understanding of yourself & your world to identify the gap between the life you have and the life you want and develop tools and goals to close that gap.
Do you feel like you've lost your way? Maybe your use of substances or engagement in acting out behaviors has taken you so far from your values you don't know what they are anymore. Perhaps you've experienced a recent life change, and the future seems so uncertain you don't know who you are anymore. I combine a science-based therapeutic approach with a deep love of philosophy to help you work towards a fuller understanding of yourself and your world. Together, we'll use that robust understanding of yourself & your world to identify the gap between the life you have and the life you want and develop tools and goals to close that gap.
(872) 529-3516 View (872) 529-3516
Photo of Kama Joy Schulte, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kama Joy Schulte
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
You haven’t even opened your eyes & yet, there it is – that weird pit in your stomach, the tightness in your chest. Do you ignore it & rally? Or do you stay under the covers & write this day off before it even begins? If only! Work’s a stress-fest. Your squad’s demanding more than you can give & your quest to find YOUR person isn’t exactly coming up roses. This dreams-to-drudge trajectory wasn’t on your vision board & you’re feeling pretty defeated. You notice your inner voice whispering,”Take a beat, Girl. You’ve got this, just breathe.” But, your typically optimistic self is starting to doubt these words. ENTER: Therapy.
You haven’t even opened your eyes & yet, there it is – that weird pit in your stomach, the tightness in your chest. Do you ignore it & rally? Or do you stay under the covers & write this day off before it even begins? If only! Work’s a stress-fest. Your squad’s demanding more than you can give & your quest to find YOUR person isn’t exactly coming up roses. This dreams-to-drudge trajectory wasn’t on your vision board & you’re feeling pretty defeated. You notice your inner voice whispering,”Take a beat, Girl. You’ve got this, just breathe.” But, your typically optimistic self is starting to doubt these words. ENTER: Therapy.
(773) 757-6417 x480 View (773) 757-6417 x480
Photo of Adriane Barton, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Adriane Barton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60605
The search for a therapist can be exciting, but also a bit intimidating. Having worked with a diverse population in a variety of settings, I have found that the key to effective therapy is providing a non-judgemental environment, one where you feel heard and supported regardless of your past. Whether you are struggling with substance abuse, anxiety, depression, parenting, or a difficult life transition, I can help guide you with tools for change. I provide continual encouragement to help aid you overcome your life obstacles and find a new found compassion for yourself and your loved ones.
The search for a therapist can be exciting, but also a bit intimidating. Having worked with a diverse population in a variety of settings, I have found that the key to effective therapy is providing a non-judgemental environment, one where you feel heard and supported regardless of your past. Whether you are struggling with substance abuse, anxiety, depression, parenting, or a difficult life transition, I can help guide you with tools for change. I provide continual encouragement to help aid you overcome your life obstacles and find a new found compassion for yourself and your loved ones.
(773) 945-0522 View (773) 945-0522
Photo of Penelope Zeigler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Penelope Zeigler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
You are the most qualified expert on yourself. I am here to encourage, support, collaborate, and explore solutions with you. Life can be hard to manage, and reaching out for help is a huge first step. Whether you are experiencing a new crisis, have been dealing with mental health challenges for years, or are just looking for support for self-exploration, I strive to work with you, as a team, to reach whatever goals you set for yourself.
You are the most qualified expert on yourself. I am here to encourage, support, collaborate, and explore solutions with you. Life can be hard to manage, and reaching out for help is a huge first step. Whether you are experiencing a new crisis, have been dealing with mental health challenges for years, or are just looking for support for self-exploration, I strive to work with you, as a team, to reach whatever goals you set for yourself.
(773) 321-8705 View (773) 321-8705
Photo of Rebecca Gronceski, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rebecca Gronceski
Licensed Professional Counselor, (LPC)
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Are you facing overwhelm, trauma, or executive functioning concerns? Are you experiencing worry, intrusive thoughts, or difficulty concentrating? Everyone needs support at times. I offer you a safe, judgment-free space to share, explore, and find solutions to these concerns. If you are looking for a therapist to accompany you on your journey towards self-advocacy, growth, and healing, we may be a great fit.
Are you facing overwhelm, trauma, or executive functioning concerns? Are you experiencing worry, intrusive thoughts, or difficulty concentrating? Everyone needs support at times. I offer you a safe, judgment-free space to share, explore, and find solutions to these concerns. If you are looking for a therapist to accompany you on your journey towards self-advocacy, growth, and healing, we may be a great fit.
(872) 395-4946 View (872) 395-4946

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.