Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Nataliya Valiaeva, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Nataliya Valiaeva
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60641
I specialize in trauma, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, PTSD and cPTSD. I help my clients work through stress, conflicts, difficult relationships, abuse, manipulation, chronic feelings of “stuck,” life transitions (divorce, break - ups, career changes, immigration/move), and chronic illness.
I specialize in trauma, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, PTSD and cPTSD. I help my clients work through stress, conflicts, difficult relationships, abuse, manipulation, chronic feelings of “stuck,” life transitions (divorce, break - ups, career changes, immigration/move), and chronic illness.
(773) 917-8694 View (773) 917-8694
Photo of Monique Heilemeier, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Monique Heilemeier
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60609
Hello. I am Monique Heilemeier and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois and a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Iowa. I have been in practice for 24 years in both private and community mental health practices both in person and through telehealth. My focus is helping clients to heal from a variety of traumatic experiences from childhood to adulthood, providing resources and tools to reduce suffering, increase self-compassion and self-acceptance, and improve daily functioning and my approach to therapy is to be a guide and partner throughout the healing process.
Hello. I am Monique Heilemeier and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois and a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Iowa. I have been in practice for 24 years in both private and community mental health practices both in person and through telehealth. My focus is helping clients to heal from a variety of traumatic experiences from childhood to adulthood, providing resources and tools to reduce suffering, increase self-compassion and self-acceptance, and improve daily functioning and my approach to therapy is to be a guide and partner throughout the healing process.
(773) 825-8794 View (773) 825-8794
Photo of Dr. Kelly Hamoudah, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Kelly Hamoudah
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60654  (Online Only)
Hello, I’m Dr. Kelly Hamoudah! In my work, I believe that establishing a safe space and building rapport is the first step towards the healing process. If you’re looking for help from a psychologist who uses evidence based interventions, is warm and friendly, and cares about you reaching your goals, then you’re in the right spot.
Hello, I’m Dr. Kelly Hamoudah! In my work, I believe that establishing a safe space and building rapport is the first step towards the healing process. If you’re looking for help from a psychologist who uses evidence based interventions, is warm and friendly, and cares about you reaching your goals, then you’re in the right spot.
(312) 847-9858 View (312) 847-9858
Photo of Angelica Marrufo, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Angelica Marrufo
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Life can be difficult and frustrating but I am adamant that finding a safe and affirming space in therapy shouldn’t be. Because of this, I strive to celebrate individuals’ identities and help them cultivate hope and meaning in their life. I use a collaborative and strengths-based approach to empower clients facing adversities and want to overcome challenges toward a life they desire. I particularly enjoy providing a supportive and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their feelings and honor their truth to welcome growth.
Life can be difficult and frustrating but I am adamant that finding a safe and affirming space in therapy shouldn’t be. Because of this, I strive to celebrate individuals’ identities and help them cultivate hope and meaning in their life. I use a collaborative and strengths-based approach to empower clients facing adversities and want to overcome challenges toward a life they desire. I particularly enjoy providing a supportive and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their feelings and honor their truth to welcome growth.
(872) 259-5480 View (872) 259-5480
Photo of Kelly Berkheimer, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Kelly Berkheimer
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642
Most people who come to therapy are looking to make a change for the better in their lives. My patients have found that the therapy relationship is a powerful and profound forum for understanding themselves and their experiences more deeply, and that this leads to making positive changes that last. Whether you are struggling with making a relationship work, dealing with the effects of depression or anxiety, or overwhelmed trying to navigate the "real world" after leaving school, we can work together to find your most fulfilling path. I work in a group of like-minded therapists who share my vision for helping others.
Most people who come to therapy are looking to make a change for the better in their lives. My patients have found that the therapy relationship is a powerful and profound forum for understanding themselves and their experiences more deeply, and that this leads to making positive changes that last. Whether you are struggling with making a relationship work, dealing with the effects of depression or anxiety, or overwhelmed trying to navigate the "real world" after leaving school, we can work together to find your most fulfilling path. I work in a group of like-minded therapists who share my vision for helping others.
(312) 380-0750 View (312) 380-0750
Photo of Sarah O Goldberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sarah O Goldberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603
Waitlist for new clients
Many of us find ourselves at points in life when we need the aid of another person to help understand and challenge us. I welcome individuals and couples who are interested in seeing whether psychoanalytically-oriented treatment is a good fit for them.
Many of us find ourselves at points in life when we need the aid of another person to help understand and challenge us. I welcome individuals and couples who are interested in seeing whether psychoanalytically-oriented treatment is a good fit for them.
(773) 570-2605 View (773) 570-2605
Photo of Patrick Sviokla, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Patrick Sviokla
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Waitlist for new clients
I very much enjoy working with all ages and families, who are managing depression, anxiety, stress, conflict, mood shifts, life transitions, and trauma related issues, to name a few. My work is first focused on building a rapport through humor connection, and empathy in order to foster a space for open communication, trust, and positive energy. I offer an interactive experience to those who require something alternative to “talk therapy” and strive to be creative in my interventions. I want you to feel comfortable and excited to explore your unique strengths and challenges, as well as enjoy the process of growth along the way.
I very much enjoy working with all ages and families, who are managing depression, anxiety, stress, conflict, mood shifts, life transitions, and trauma related issues, to name a few. My work is first focused on building a rapport through humor connection, and empathy in order to foster a space for open communication, trust, and positive energy. I offer an interactive experience to those who require something alternative to “talk therapy” and strive to be creative in my interventions. I want you to feel comfortable and excited to explore your unique strengths and challenges, as well as enjoy the process of growth along the way.
(872) 266-2448 View (872) 266-2448
Photo of Hannah Cooper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Hannah Cooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I work with clients to develop insights and build coping skills that will improve their ability to navigate challenges with less distress and in a manner that leads to increased peace, happiness and purpose. I strive to develop a deep understanding of a client’s past, present and hopes for the future so that I tailor my treatment approach to the personality, therapeutic needs and goals of every client I work with.
I work with clients to develop insights and build coping skills that will improve their ability to navigate challenges with less distress and in a manner that leads to increased peace, happiness and purpose. I strive to develop a deep understanding of a client’s past, present and hopes for the future so that I tailor my treatment approach to the personality, therapeutic needs and goals of every client I work with.
(872) 266-8305 View (872) 266-8305
Photo of Ken Andjulis, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ken Andjulis
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
Finding a therapist you feel comfortable with and trust can be difficult. Painful life experiences, past trauma and current situations can cause you to feel stuck, depressed and anxious. You may have noticed changes in your relationships, work, mood or self esteem. I will collaborate with you to gain self awareness, insight and self acceptance. I will encourage, challenge and empower you to make changes. I will guide you in making informed decisions about how to deal with issues we identify together. My clients comment on my ability to create a warm, welcoming, non-judgemental space and my ability to establish an easy rapport.
Finding a therapist you feel comfortable with and trust can be difficult. Painful life experiences, past trauma and current situations can cause you to feel stuck, depressed and anxious. You may have noticed changes in your relationships, work, mood or self esteem. I will collaborate with you to gain self awareness, insight and self acceptance. I will encourage, challenge and empower you to make changes. I will guide you in making informed decisions about how to deal with issues we identify together. My clients comment on my ability to create a warm, welcoming, non-judgemental space and my ability to establish an easy rapport.
(312) 448-9403 View (312) 448-9403
Photo of Lindsey Eilers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Lindsey Eilers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60622  (Online Only)
I have a specialty in addiction therapy but also specialize in many other areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma and difficult life experiences. When working with clients, I seek to support and empower each individual and motivate them to work toward change. By using an integrative and collaborative approach I incorporate my background in cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy and person-centered therapy. My goal is to help clients equip themselves with skills, clarity, meaning and self-awareness, so they are better able to experience a meaningful and satisfying life.
I have a specialty in addiction therapy but also specialize in many other areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma and difficult life experiences. When working with clients, I seek to support and empower each individual and motivate them to work toward change. By using an integrative and collaborative approach I incorporate my background in cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy and person-centered therapy. My goal is to help clients equip themselves with skills, clarity, meaning and self-awareness, so they are better able to experience a meaningful and satisfying life.
(773) 345-7007 View (773) 345-7007
Photo of Erin O'Connor, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Erin O'Connor
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
I'm passionate about helping folks struggling to give themselves grace and kindness, which is crucial to moving in the direction of the life we want, whatever that may look like for each individual. I work from a sex-positive, stance to help individuals and those in relationships facing the barriers and challenges in a monogamy-centric world. I’m here to partner with my clients to emphasize strengths and foster holistic wellness whether that client(s) is facing depression, anxiety, relationship issues, shame, fear, and or one of the many other challenges that come with being human in today's world.
I'm passionate about helping folks struggling to give themselves grace and kindness, which is crucial to moving in the direction of the life we want, whatever that may look like for each individual. I work from a sex-positive, stance to help individuals and those in relationships facing the barriers and challenges in a monogamy-centric world. I’m here to partner with my clients to emphasize strengths and foster holistic wellness whether that client(s) is facing depression, anxiety, relationship issues, shame, fear, and or one of the many other challenges that come with being human in today's world.
(773) 915-0897 View (773) 915-0897
Photo of Stephanie Bonza, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Stephanie Bonza
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
Therapy is the exciting pursuit of self-discovery. A collaborative relationship wherein our most authentic self emerges, self confidence grows, and real change becomes possible. I have the best job. As a relational psychotherapist, I help people create healthy and vibrant lives. I help people across the lifespan both individually and jointly (couples + families) develop a strong and empowered sense of self, communicate honestly, and build authentic connections. I introduce my clients to skills designed to help them heal attachment wounds, overcome avoidance and other unhelpful coping strategies, and find meaning in their lives.
Therapy is the exciting pursuit of self-discovery. A collaborative relationship wherein our most authentic self emerges, self confidence grows, and real change becomes possible. I have the best job. As a relational psychotherapist, I help people create healthy and vibrant lives. I help people across the lifespan both individually and jointly (couples + families) develop a strong and empowered sense of self, communicate honestly, and build authentic connections. I introduce my clients to skills designed to help them heal attachment wounds, overcome avoidance and other unhelpful coping strategies, and find meaning in their lives.
(847) 383-0195 View (847) 383-0195
Photo of Rebecca Fritz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rebecca Fritz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, JD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
Not accepting new clients
The client who understands that making the choice to begin therapy is a courageous and necessary step towards wellness may benefit the most from my services. Your choice demonstrates an interest to learn more about yourself, perhaps in a new light in order to live in a way that is meaningful and more comfortable than now. My areas of interest include: Life Transitions, Personal Growth, Relationship Issues, Self-esteem, Stress Management, Anxiety Disorders/Phobias, Grief/Loss, Depression, Adjustment Disorder, Gay/Lesbian Issues, Terminal/Chronic Illness, and Women's Issues
The client who understands that making the choice to begin therapy is a courageous and necessary step towards wellness may benefit the most from my services. Your choice demonstrates an interest to learn more about yourself, perhaps in a new light in order to live in a way that is meaningful and more comfortable than now. My areas of interest include: Life Transitions, Personal Growth, Relationship Issues, Self-esteem, Stress Management, Anxiety Disorders/Phobias, Grief/Loss, Depression, Adjustment Disorder, Gay/Lesbian Issues, Terminal/Chronic Illness, and Women's Issues
(773) 295-7024 View (773) 295-7024
Photo of Jasclyn Coney, Pastoral Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jasclyn Coney
Pastoral Counselor, MA, MDiv
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60643  (Online Only)
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes, even the strongest people amongst us need a little bit of help to work through some of life’s more challenging problems. Everyone has battles to fight and hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow.
Life isn’t always easy. Sometimes, even the strongest people amongst us need a little bit of help to work through some of life’s more challenging problems. Everyone has battles to fight and hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow.
(773) 345-9590 View (773) 345-9590
Photo of Justin Evan Tobin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Justin Evan Tobin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck in the same routine? Doing the same behaviors over and over again? Do you feel a lot of stress, irritability or anger? Making a decision for change in your life is not easy and trusting these decisions is even more difficult. You may even feel depressed or anxious. Relationships can be confusing, career choices can be overwhelming, and figuring out your future can seem stressful.
Do you feel stuck in the same routine? Doing the same behaviors over and over again? Do you feel a lot of stress, irritability or anger? Making a decision for change in your life is not easy and trusting these decisions is even more difficult. You may even feel depressed or anxious. Relationships can be confusing, career choices can be overwhelming, and figuring out your future can seem stressful.
(312) 346-5156 View (312) 346-5156
Photo of Ana Briones, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ana Briones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603  (Online Only)
It is my belief that the most important relationship we can cultivate is the one that we have with ourselves. This relationship is reflected in our everyday life and enables us to heal and grow. However, during challenging times we may need someone alongside us as we work to understand the inner workings of ourselves. I believe therapy is a space for you to show up as your true unedited self, free of worry and expectations. Together we will co-create a warm and empathic space where you can share your stories and begin to find peace, safety, and harmony with all parts of your authentic self.
It is my belief that the most important relationship we can cultivate is the one that we have with ourselves. This relationship is reflected in our everyday life and enables us to heal and grow. However, during challenging times we may need someone alongside us as we work to understand the inner workings of ourselves. I believe therapy is a space for you to show up as your true unedited self, free of worry and expectations. Together we will co-create a warm and empathic space where you can share your stories and begin to find peace, safety, and harmony with all parts of your authentic self.
(773) 645-4360 View (773) 645-4360
Photo of Julie Raymond, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Julie Raymond
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Navigating through the world can be overwhelming, confusing and challenging. Whether wanting to have a better relationship with yourself, others, getting unstuck or just figuring out your next steps in life, therapy can help you to address underlying issues preventing you from living the life you want. Most people come to therapy knowing what they need to change but rather struggle with knowing where and how to begin. Therapy can help you to have a deeper understanding of yourself, identify where you are getting stuck, improve coping with thoughts and feelings, and take the necessary steps to build the life you want.
Navigating through the world can be overwhelming, confusing and challenging. Whether wanting to have a better relationship with yourself, others, getting unstuck or just figuring out your next steps in life, therapy can help you to address underlying issues preventing you from living the life you want. Most people come to therapy knowing what they need to change but rather struggle with knowing where and how to begin. Therapy can help you to have a deeper understanding of yourself, identify where you are getting stuck, improve coping with thoughts and feelings, and take the necessary steps to build the life you want.
(312) 626-9625 View (312) 626-9625
Photo of Hannah Horner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Hannah Horner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
I specialize in treating Anxiety, Eating Disorders, OCD, Phobias, and Trichotillomania. I strive to establish a safe and supportive environment that encourages self-reflection and personal growth. I offer highly effective coping strategies that are tailored to address triggers and challenges you may face in life. Through our collaborative efforts, we will navigate and conquer life's obstacles together. My aim is to empower you, enabling you to improve your overall daily functioning, foster a stronger sense of of well-being, and embrace the ability to be fully present with yourself.
I specialize in treating Anxiety, Eating Disorders, OCD, Phobias, and Trichotillomania. I strive to establish a safe and supportive environment that encourages self-reflection and personal growth. I offer highly effective coping strategies that are tailored to address triggers and challenges you may face in life. Through our collaborative efforts, we will navigate and conquer life's obstacles together. My aim is to empower you, enabling you to improve your overall daily functioning, foster a stronger sense of of well-being, and embrace the ability to be fully present with yourself.
(872) 278-5609 View (872) 278-5609
Photo of Sonali Gupta, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Sonali Gupta
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
As an empathic clinician, I place importance on establishing a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. I encourage a collaborative and authentic relationship in which my clients feel understood and supported. Because individuals are unique, I emphasize fully understanding each client and their specific concerns. My interventions are based on this understanding as well as my clients' preferences. I have lived and worked in several countries in Europe, South America and Africa and in my 20 years of practice have enjoyed working with individuals from diverse backgrounds on a wide range of concerns.
As an empathic clinician, I place importance on establishing a safe and comfortable therapeutic environment. I encourage a collaborative and authentic relationship in which my clients feel understood and supported. Because individuals are unique, I emphasize fully understanding each client and their specific concerns. My interventions are based on this understanding as well as my clients' preferences. I have lived and worked in several countries in Europe, South America and Africa and in my 20 years of practice have enjoyed working with individuals from diverse backgrounds on a wide range of concerns.
(773) 906-4049 View (773) 906-4049
Photo of Amy Pappas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Amy Pappas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Starting therapy can be a daunting and overwhelming process. It is my goal to make it an easy and comfortable transition. I view therapy as a team approach including the child and/or adolescent, the family, community resources, and myself. We work together to best address the presenting challenge. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over a decade of experience working with children, adolescents, and families within a variety of therapeutic settings. I received my Master of Social Work from New York University and a Post Master's Degree from Loyola University.
Starting therapy can be a daunting and overwhelming process. It is my goal to make it an easy and comfortable transition. I view therapy as a team approach including the child and/or adolescent, the family, community resources, and myself. We work together to best address the presenting challenge. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over a decade of experience working with children, adolescents, and families within a variety of therapeutic settings. I received my Master of Social Work from New York University and a Post Master's Degree from Loyola University.
(773) 840-0103 View (773) 840-0103

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.