Therapists in Wheaton, IL

Photo of Sukhi Sandhu, Licensed Professional Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Sukhi Sandhu
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Wheaton, IL 60189
Sukhi Sandhu is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2019. Her educational background includes an MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a B.A. in Psychology from the University of Illinois Urbana/Champaign. Sukhi helps adults, adolescents, and families to find healthy perceptions of themselves and strengthen their relationships so they can know themselves as peaceful, complete, whole, and safe.
Sukhi Sandhu is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2019. Her educational background includes an MS in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a B.A. in Psychology from the University of Illinois Urbana/Champaign. Sukhi helps adults, adolescents, and families to find healthy perceptions of themselves and strengthen their relationships so they can know themselves as peaceful, complete, whole, and safe.
(331) 246-1193 View (331) 246-1193
Photo of Linda Cunningham, Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Linda Cunningham
Counselor, LCPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Wheaton, IL 60189
Linda K Cunningham is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been in the mental health field since 2003. Linda’s focus in therapy is on individuality. You are unique and the therapeutic process should absolutely celebrate that uniqueness. Well-being isn’t only about decreasing existing struggles; it should also build on your current strengths and develop new ones to help create the future you desire.
Linda K Cunningham is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been in the mental health field since 2003. Linda’s focus in therapy is on individuality. You are unique and the therapeutic process should absolutely celebrate that uniqueness. Well-being isn’t only about decreasing existing struggles; it should also build on your current strengths and develop new ones to help create the future you desire.
(331) 216-1321 View (331) 216-1321
Photo of Mateusz Dzikowski, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Mateusz Dzikowski
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187  (Online Only)
I help individuals overcome obstacles and difficulties that keep them from reaching their desired goals and living lives that are marked by peace, meaning, and freedom. I try to do this in a collaborative and respectful manner—in the context of a therapeutic relationship. In this relationship, I seek to explore, process, and resolve challenging and often painful life experiences that have contributed to the development of unhelpful psychological dynamics (e.g., thinking patterns, emotional responses, and interpersonal habits) that cause distress and that negatively impact various parts daily life.
I help individuals overcome obstacles and difficulties that keep them from reaching their desired goals and living lives that are marked by peace, meaning, and freedom. I try to do this in a collaborative and respectful manner—in the context of a therapeutic relationship. In this relationship, I seek to explore, process, and resolve challenging and often painful life experiences that have contributed to the development of unhelpful psychological dynamics (e.g., thinking patterns, emotional responses, and interpersonal habits) that cause distress and that negatively impact various parts daily life.
(630) 653-1717 View (630) 653-1717
Photo of Jennifer Kiebles, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Jennifer Kiebles
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Wheaton, IL 60187
Are you feeling sad, angry, or overwhelmed? Do you have too much stress and worry about your relationships, work, and health? While stress is part of being human, there are ways to reduce anxiety and depression, feel more empowered, and thrive - even in these challenging times. I specialize in working with adults and older adults dealing with stress, depression and anxiety, life transitions, chronic medical conditions, including chronic pain, amputation, stroke, brain injury, and disability. My focus is to help you improve your mental health, reduce suffering, and achieve your highest level of functioning and quality of life.
Are you feeling sad, angry, or overwhelmed? Do you have too much stress and worry about your relationships, work, and health? While stress is part of being human, there are ways to reduce anxiety and depression, feel more empowered, and thrive - even in these challenging times. I specialize in working with adults and older adults dealing with stress, depression and anxiety, life transitions, chronic medical conditions, including chronic pain, amputation, stroke, brain injury, and disability. My focus is to help you improve your mental health, reduce suffering, and achieve your highest level of functioning and quality of life.
(630) 491-5324 View (630) 491-5324
Photo of Breanna Todd, Licensed Professional Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Breanna Todd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
Hi! My name is Breanna Todd, and I am an experienced trauma therapist and EMDR practitioner, who wholeheartedly believes in therapy being a very human experience. I want to be a partner with you in this healing process, and I am passionate about meeting each and every client exactly where they are. I want clients to feel safe, respected, and authentically cared for in the presence of their therapist. I fully believe that healing is possible when the therapeutic process is tailored to you, and your mind, body, and soul are being honored.
Hi! My name is Breanna Todd, and I am an experienced trauma therapist and EMDR practitioner, who wholeheartedly believes in therapy being a very human experience. I want to be a partner with you in this healing process, and I am passionate about meeting each and every client exactly where they are. I want clients to feel safe, respected, and authentically cared for in the presence of their therapist. I fully believe that healing is possible when the therapeutic process is tailored to you, and your mind, body, and soul are being honored.
(331) 233-1623 View (331) 233-1623
Photo of Mark MacDonald, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Wheaton, IL
Mark MacDonald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wheaton, IL 60187
Nothing is more satisfying than assisting my clients to break free from addiction and restore trust in significant relationships. I use my 25 years of experience to evaluate effectively and offer clear direction and support. Committed to Christian principles, I frequently consult with pastors, church leaders and other professionals. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified Christian Sex Addiction Counselor with a Master's degree from the University of Chicago.
Nothing is more satisfying than assisting my clients to break free from addiction and restore trust in significant relationships. I use my 25 years of experience to evaluate effectively and offer clear direction and support. Committed to Christian principles, I frequently consult with pastors, church leaders and other professionals. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified Christian Sex Addiction Counselor with a Master's degree from the University of Chicago.
(630) 672-0299 View (630) 672-0299
Photo of Vitaliy L Voytenko, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Vitaliy L Voytenko
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60189
I enjoy working with adults and couples in helping them pursue physical, emotional, relational, and spiritual wholeness. I have helped many people struggling with depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, psychological trauma, personality problems, and spiritual struggles. In my work with individual clients, I primarily use relational psychodynamic psychotherapy—an effective contemporary therapeutic approach rooted in the psychoanalytic tradition. The term psychodynamic reflects an appreciation for the complexity of the human mind and the fact that there are “dynamics” outside our immediate awareness that impact our emotions.
I enjoy working with adults and couples in helping them pursue physical, emotional, relational, and spiritual wholeness. I have helped many people struggling with depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, psychological trauma, personality problems, and spiritual struggles. In my work with individual clients, I primarily use relational psychodynamic psychotherapy—an effective contemporary therapeutic approach rooted in the psychoanalytic tradition. The term psychodynamic reflects an appreciation for the complexity of the human mind and the fact that there are “dynamics” outside our immediate awareness that impact our emotions.
(331) 210-0550 x553 View (331) 210-0550 x553
Michele Lome
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
I bring a down-to-earth approach to my practice, with a special focus on serving both children and adults. I maintain a client-centered approach, recognizing and respecting the individuality of each person I serve. Whether working with children, parents of school-aged children or adults facing personal challenges, I approach my work with compassion and empathy. I strive to create a therapeutic alliance built on trust, collaboratively identifying goals and developing strategies to navigate life's complexities.
I bring a down-to-earth approach to my practice, with a special focus on serving both children and adults. I maintain a client-centered approach, recognizing and respecting the individuality of each person I serve. Whether working with children, parents of school-aged children or adults facing personal challenges, I approach my work with compassion and empathy. I strive to create a therapeutic alliance built on trust, collaboratively identifying goals and developing strategies to navigate life's complexities.
(630) 626-8276 View (630) 626-8276
Photo of Laurel R. Erickson, PsyD, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Laurel R. Erickson, PsyD
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60189
I understand it takes courage to ask for help. The right therapeutic relationship should be a useful tool to help overcome life's challenges. I want to offer you a place where you can safely share your concerns and learn new ways to cope with the struggles you encounter. I provide a safe, supportive atmosphere which is free from criticism and offers direct feedback and suggestions. Our work together helps you better understand yourself and have more insight into your relationships. I will collaborate with you to find new ways to communicate and feel more life satisfaction.
I understand it takes courage to ask for help. The right therapeutic relationship should be a useful tool to help overcome life's challenges. I want to offer you a place where you can safely share your concerns and learn new ways to cope with the struggles you encounter. I provide a safe, supportive atmosphere which is free from criticism and offers direct feedback and suggestions. Our work together helps you better understand yourself and have more insight into your relationships. I will collaborate with you to find new ways to communicate and feel more life satisfaction.
(630) 478-2428 View (630) 478-2428
Photo of Kristen A Jacobs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Wheaton, IL
Kristen A Jacobs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60189
Kristen A. Jacobs is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2009. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Northern Illinois University and a Master of Social Work from Aurora University. Kristen creates a safe and supportive space for the client, in which she utilizes individualized, strength-based treatment approaches and evidence-based modalities with a concentration on education, validation, acceptance, self-efficacy, and symptom management.
Kristen A. Jacobs is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2009. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Northern Illinois University and a Master of Social Work from Aurora University. Kristen creates a safe and supportive space for the client, in which she utilizes individualized, strength-based treatment approaches and evidence-based modalities with a concentration on education, validation, acceptance, self-efficacy, and symptom management.
(331) 271-1124 View (331) 271-1124
Photo of Jessica K Colton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Wheaton, IL
Jessica K Colton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
Seeking counseling is a courageous first step toward healing and I am here to help. Therapy is a wonderful way to find support, clarity, hope, and growth. I am constantly amazed by the positive changes that individuals experience in therapy. I enjoy connecting, understanding, and deeply caring about others as I walk alongside them in their journey. I work with individuals and family members affected by addiction, depression, anxiety, grief, shame & guilt, self-esteem issues, relationship issues, and trauma.
Seeking counseling is a courageous first step toward healing and I am here to help. Therapy is a wonderful way to find support, clarity, hope, and growth. I am constantly amazed by the positive changes that individuals experience in therapy. I enjoy connecting, understanding, and deeply caring about others as I walk alongside them in their journey. I work with individuals and family members affected by addiction, depression, anxiety, grief, shame & guilt, self-esteem issues, relationship issues, and trauma.
(630) 796-4489 View (630) 796-4489
Photo of Bruce Graves, Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Bruce Graves
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
I am passionate about walking alongside my clients and helping them move toward greater emotional health and well-being. Many of us experience times when we need extra help and support to move forward in our lives. Often we can get stuck in unhealthy thought and behavior patterns and need someone to guide us through the process of changing those patterns. My goal is to create a safe setting in which we can explore together the areas in your life where you may feel stuck or dissatisfied.
I am passionate about walking alongside my clients and helping them move toward greater emotional health and well-being. Many of us experience times when we need extra help and support to move forward in our lives. Often we can get stuck in unhealthy thought and behavior patterns and need someone to guide us through the process of changing those patterns. My goal is to create a safe setting in which we can explore together the areas in your life where you may feel stuck or dissatisfied.
(630) 503-6367 View (630) 503-6367
Photo of Gigi Mary Clinard Borge, Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Gigi Mary Clinard Borge
Counselor, MA , NCC, LPC, EMDR
Not Verified Not Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
Whether you seek relief from depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, PTSD, relationship difficulties or other challenges, I am excited to collaborate with clients who desire to live their unique lives fully, participate in their healing process and seek to establish genuine, compassionate relationship with themselves and others! I believe most of us are doing our best to become who we hope to be, and can benefit from seeking appropriate support. Therefore, I don’t see a diagnosis, but an amazing human who wants to thrive despite life’s many challenges.
Whether you seek relief from depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, PTSD, relationship difficulties or other challenges, I am excited to collaborate with clients who desire to live their unique lives fully, participate in their healing process and seek to establish genuine, compassionate relationship with themselves and others! I believe most of us are doing our best to become who we hope to be, and can benefit from seeking appropriate support. Therefore, I don’t see a diagnosis, but an amazing human who wants to thrive despite life’s many challenges.
(630) 407-1782 x328 View (630) 407-1782 x328
Photo of Jennifer Duff, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Jennifer Duff
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
I dedicate my practice to the treatment of children, adolescents, young adults, families, college and graduate students. Psychotherapy services are implemented utilizing current research-based concepts and practice models, developed to meet the specific needs of each individual. I work with a wide range of diagnostic concerns including depression, anxiety, attention deficits and adjustment. Additional areas include behavior management, self-esteem, perfectionism, loss and grieving, relationships and divorce.I specialize in comprehensive psychological and psycho-educational evaluations including assessments for cognitive, emotional and personality functioning. I also provide evaluations for gifted children, ADHD and Learning Disabilities.
I dedicate my practice to the treatment of children, adolescents, young adults, families, college and graduate students. Psychotherapy services are implemented utilizing current research-based concepts and practice models, developed to meet the specific needs of each individual. I work with a wide range of diagnostic concerns including depression, anxiety, attention deficits and adjustment. Additional areas include behavior management, self-esteem, perfectionism, loss and grieving, relationships and divorce.I specialize in comprehensive psychological and psycho-educational evaluations including assessments for cognitive, emotional and personality functioning. I also provide evaluations for gifted children, ADHD and Learning Disabilities.
(630) 748-8287 View (630) 748-8287
Photo of Hezekiah Franklin, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Hezekiah Franklin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wheaton, IL 60187  (Online Only)
Living well is an extremely difficult affair. Whether a hard relationship, a traumatic event, or a rough season of life that makes little sense - there is hope. As a lover of stories, I have found that the most potent ones often lie buried beneath layers of pain, guilt, and shame, where they subconsciously influence the way we think, feel, and connect with others. The process of healing can only begin as we tell the very stories that bring us pain and choose to love the parts of ourselves that may seem most frightening. Whatever you're facing, I know having a safe space to better understand your world will make it more manageable.
Living well is an extremely difficult affair. Whether a hard relationship, a traumatic event, or a rough season of life that makes little sense - there is hope. As a lover of stories, I have found that the most potent ones often lie buried beneath layers of pain, guilt, and shame, where they subconsciously influence the way we think, feel, and connect with others. The process of healing can only begin as we tell the very stories that bring us pain and choose to love the parts of ourselves that may seem most frightening. Whatever you're facing, I know having a safe space to better understand your world will make it more manageable.
(630) 653-1717 View (630) 653-1717
Photo of Natalie Adair, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Wheaton, IL
Natalie Adair
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wheaton, IL 60187
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel exhausted by the worry or sadness you have been carrying? Is there a past hurt or broken relationship you know you need to deal with but don’t know how? Do you desire greater joy, peace and purpose for your life but it feels out of reach? Reaching out for help shows such strength and courage. I have been helping people for 13+ years find hope and healing. I have seen clients conquer fears and reach goals. I have rejoiced with them as they have moved from brokenness to freedom. You will find my style to be warm, engaged and empowering.
Do you feel exhausted by the worry or sadness you have been carrying? Is there a past hurt or broken relationship you know you need to deal with but don’t know how? Do you desire greater joy, peace and purpose for your life but it feels out of reach? Reaching out for help shows such strength and courage. I have been helping people for 13+ years find hope and healing. I have seen clients conquer fears and reach goals. I have rejoiced with them as they have moved from brokenness to freedom. You will find my style to be warm, engaged and empowering.
(630) 407-1731 View (630) 407-1731
Photo of Luke Tseng, Psychologist in Wheaton, IL
Luke Tseng
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
Are you struggling with depression or anxiety? Are you struggling with finding purpose or meaning? Are you struggling with a cross-cultural transition or race-related issue? Together, we can understand the self within our socio-cultural context and build the foundation necessary to create space for intentional, yet flexible, change to occur. Let’s work together to find the change you are looking for.
Are you struggling with depression or anxiety? Are you struggling with finding purpose or meaning? Are you struggling with a cross-cultural transition or race-related issue? Together, we can understand the self within our socio-cultural context and build the foundation necessary to create space for intentional, yet flexible, change to occur. Let’s work together to find the change you are looking for.
(630) 653-1717 View (630) 653-1717
Photo of Charles Scot Giles in Wheaton, IL
Charles Scot Giles
DMin, DNGH, OB
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wheaton, IL 60189
I am the Rev. Dr. C. Scot Giles, a Board Certified Diplomate of the National Guild of Hypnotists. This level is the highest level of Board Certification a Consulting Hypnotist can earn. I have been in practice more than thirty years with a special interest in medical issues, weight control and fertility. If you have a personal problem that has resisted other attempts to help, struggle with a stubborn weight issue, have received a scary diagnosis or seek to become pregnant, I can help. Visit my website to learn more about me, see my full credentials, awards and verified client reviews.
I am the Rev. Dr. C. Scot Giles, a Board Certified Diplomate of the National Guild of Hypnotists. This level is the highest level of Board Certification a Consulting Hypnotist can earn. I have been in practice more than thirty years with a special interest in medical issues, weight control and fertility. If you have a personal problem that has resisted other attempts to help, struggle with a stubborn weight issue, have received a scary diagnosis or seek to become pregnant, I can help. Visit my website to learn more about me, see my full credentials, awards and verified client reviews.
(630) 634-7823 View (630) 634-7823
Photo of Laura Van Dame, Licensed Professional Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Laura Van Dame
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
I work with a wide array of issues and concerns, but most of my clients are in need of a compassionate ear to help them make sense of their own world. They want to know they are heard and valued and that the clinician will be a supportive resource in their journey. Many clients these days struggle with asking for help, and allowing themselves to receive it. That is where therapy can come in and offer skills and support to help move forward.
I work with a wide array of issues and concerns, but most of my clients are in need of a compassionate ear to help them make sense of their own world. They want to know they are heard and valued and that the clinician will be a supportive resource in their journey. Many clients these days struggle with asking for help, and allowing themselves to receive it. That is where therapy can come in and offer skills and support to help move forward.
(630) 349-5920 View (630) 349-5920
Photo of Sara Raja, Licensed Professional Counselor in Wheaton, IL
Sara Raja
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187  (Online Only)
Are you looking for a trustworthy and compassionate collaborator to help you navigate challenges in your life? I am passionate about helping my clients process their pasts, problem solve and work through current issues, and create meaningful change in their lives. As a therapist, I am gentle and warm and I make it a goal to help clients feel comfortable quickly. By honoring your individuality and the unique circumstances that bring you to therapy, I can help you build upon your strengths, optimize your self awareness, and create the life you want!
Are you looking for a trustworthy and compassionate collaborator to help you navigate challenges in your life? I am passionate about helping my clients process their pasts, problem solve and work through current issues, and create meaningful change in their lives. As a therapist, I am gentle and warm and I make it a goal to help clients feel comfortable quickly. By honoring your individuality and the unique circumstances that bring you to therapy, I can help you build upon your strengths, optimize your self awareness, and create the life you want!
(630) 345-4743 View (630) 345-4743

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Wheaton, IL

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Wheaton, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Grief
69% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Wheaton, IL see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Wheaton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.