Therapists in 57078

Photo of MICHELLE L TOWNSEND, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSWPIP
MICHELLE L TOWNSEND
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSWPIP
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
I provide mental health services as a licensed clinician in South Dakota (CSW‑PIP) and Nebraska (LIMHP/LCSW). My ideal clients are people who are overwhelmed by life’s demands and are looking for a seasoned, steady therapist who can help them regain emotional balance. They tend to be: 1. Adults and adolescents navigating depression or anxiety who feel stuck, exhausted, or emotionally overloaded. 2. Individuals facing major life transitions Divorce Career changes Health challenges Caregiving stress Empty‑nest transitions
I provide mental health services as a licensed clinician in South Dakota (CSW‑PIP) and Nebraska (LIMHP/LCSW). My ideal clients are people who are overwhelmed by life’s demands and are looking for a seasoned, steady therapist who can help them regain emotional balance. They tend to be: 1. Adults and adolescents navigating depression or anxiety who feel stuck, exhausted, or emotionally overloaded. 2. Individuals facing major life transitions Divorce Career changes Health challenges Caregiving stress Empty‑nest transitions
(605) 340-8427 View (605) 340-8427
Photo of Diana Smallwood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PIP
Diana Smallwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PIP
Yankton, SD 57078
Life can shift in unexpected ways, leaving you feeling disconnected, stuck, or unsure of who you are now. Maybe you’re navigating loss, grief, trauma, or a major life change that’s left you feeling disconnected, anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, searching for your way forward, hoping to find an increased sense of self worth, confidence, peace, and purpose. Together, we’ll explore what matters most, strengthen your resilience, and help you move toward a life that feels grounded, hopeful, and truly your own with a refreshed heart and newfound joy.
Life can shift in unexpected ways, leaving you feeling disconnected, stuck, or unsure of who you are now. Maybe you’re navigating loss, grief, trauma, or a major life change that’s left you feeling disconnected, anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, searching for your way forward, hoping to find an increased sense of self worth, confidence, peace, and purpose. Together, we’ll explore what matters most, strengthen your resilience, and help you move toward a life that feels grounded, hopeful, and truly your own with a refreshed heart and newfound joy.
(605) 952-4921 View (605) 952-4921
Photo of Estelle Johnson, Counselor, MA, LPC-MH
Estelle Johnson
Counselor, MA, LPC-MH
Yankton, SD 57078
As a licensed professional mental health counselor, I strive to help couples, families and individuals find the resources to work together, communicate and find the harmonious balance that will foster a healthy relationship in a marriage or family setting. Couples and families who are experiencing distress often play the "blame game" and experience difficulty in communication. As a counselor and third party, I strive to help clients listen to each other, find healthy communication techniques, and accept responsibility for their roles in the relationship in turn encouraging love and respect to grow within the family system.
As a licensed professional mental health counselor, I strive to help couples, families and individuals find the resources to work together, communicate and find the harmonious balance that will foster a healthy relationship in a marriage or family setting. Couples and families who are experiencing distress often play the "blame game" and experience difficulty in communication. As a counselor and third party, I strive to help clients listen to each other, find healthy communication techniques, and accept responsibility for their roles in the relationship in turn encouraging love and respect to grow within the family system.
(605) 277-4682 View (605) 277-4682
Photo of Rhonda Schieffer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP, QMHP
Rhonda Schieffer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP, QMHP
Yankton, SD 57078
Life can be very difficult at times and seeking mental health services can help you through those times. I will be able to assist you in coping with the struggles in your life and meeting your mental health goals. I have 20 years of experience in providing mental health therapy in an outpatient setting. Whether you are coming in for individual therapy or for couple's therapy, I will assist you in this journey.
Life can be very difficult at times and seeking mental health services can help you through those times. I will be able to assist you in coping with the struggles in your life and meeting your mental health goals. I have 20 years of experience in providing mental health therapy in an outpatient setting. Whether you are coming in for individual therapy or for couple's therapy, I will assist you in this journey.
(605) 210-5598 View (605) 210-5598
Photo of Melissa Kaiser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW-PIP, LIMHP
Melissa Kaiser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW-PIP, LIMHP
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
Melissa Kaiser is a licensed clinical social worker with a Master’s degree from the University of Iowa and over 20 years of experience in inpatient and outpatient mental health settings. Throughout her career, she has worked with both children and adults, providing comprehensive, compassionate care across a wide range of diagnoses.
Melissa Kaiser is a licensed clinical social worker with a Master’s degree from the University of Iowa and over 20 years of experience in inpatient and outpatient mental health settings. Throughout her career, she has worked with both children and adults, providing comprehensive, compassionate care across a wide range of diagnoses.
(605) 657-0787 View (605) 657-0787
Photo of Mary Kay Healy - Journey To Change Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP
Journey To Change Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
Seeking mental health services can help an individual learn to cope with the difficulties that occur in one’s life. I will be available to assist you in your mental health needs, learning to manage symptoms causing one discomfort. Mental health therapy, whether individual or couples, is about change and meeting the best needs of those involved.
Seeking mental health services can help an individual learn to cope with the difficulties that occur in one’s life. I will be available to assist you in your mental health needs, learning to manage symptoms causing one discomfort. Mental health therapy, whether individual or couples, is about change and meeting the best needs of those involved.
(605) 655-2098 View (605) 655-2098
Photo of Brooke Greenig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW, PIP
Brooke Greenig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW, PIP
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
I have experience working in the inpatient setting with adolescents, adults, and their families. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults from all backgrounds with a variety of mental health needs including trauma and PTSD, relationship concerns, challenging life transitions, anxiety, depression, anger management issues, Autism, depression, and other emotional/ behavioral issues/needs. I welcome court-referred clients or clients otherwise involved in the legal system. I have been intensively trained by BTech for DBT.
I have experience working in the inpatient setting with adolescents, adults, and their families. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults from all backgrounds with a variety of mental health needs including trauma and PTSD, relationship concerns, challenging life transitions, anxiety, depression, anger management issues, Autism, depression, and other emotional/ behavioral issues/needs. I welcome court-referred clients or clients otherwise involved in the legal system. I have been intensively trained by BTech for DBT.
(605) 231-9436 View (605) 231-9436
Photo of Atalyssa Myron, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Atalyssa Myron
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
My passion for mental health and helping others has been a prominent part of my life for as long as I can remember. Having been born in Yankton, SD, and raised in Vermillion, SD, I became acutely aware of the limited access to mental health resources in rural communities, like my own. It is both inspiring and fulfilling to witness organizations like Rising Hope bridging those gaps in service, and to now be part of that mission to expand accessible, quality care. I work with adolescents and young adults, ages 8 to 25. I am available for in-person sessions at Rising Hope's Yankton office location and for Telehealth.
My passion for mental health and helping others has been a prominent part of my life for as long as I can remember. Having been born in Yankton, SD, and raised in Vermillion, SD, I became acutely aware of the limited access to mental health resources in rural communities, like my own. It is both inspiring and fulfilling to witness organizations like Rising Hope bridging those gaps in service, and to now be part of that mission to expand accessible, quality care. I work with adolescents and young adults, ages 8 to 25. I am available for in-person sessions at Rising Hope's Yankton office location and for Telehealth.
(605) 453-5879 View (605) 453-5879
Photo of Holly Merrick-Liston - Yellow Brick Road Counseling and Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MH, NCC, LMHC
Yellow Brick Road Counseling and Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MH, NCC, LMHC
Yankton, SD 57078
Life can be better! Yellow Brick Road Counseling and Therapy is a safe and comfortable place to address your concerns. Many of us carry hurt and pain for years but choosing therapy to address it helps your life to become better. With a passion for helping people through difficult times in their lives, we use a refreshing approach to address crisis, hurt, and pain. We enjoy working with all ages, individuals, couples and groups with a special interest in adolescents and young adults. We use a variety of tools to address anxiety, depression, behavior and relationship issues. Let's begin your journey to healing for a better life!
Life can be better! Yellow Brick Road Counseling and Therapy is a safe and comfortable place to address your concerns. Many of us carry hurt and pain for years but choosing therapy to address it helps your life to become better. With a passion for helping people through difficult times in their lives, we use a refreshing approach to address crisis, hurt, and pain. We enjoy working with all ages, individuals, couples and groups with a special interest in adolescents and young adults. We use a variety of tools to address anxiety, depression, behavior and relationship issues. Let's begin your journey to healing for a better life!
(605) 546-9331 View (605) 546-9331
Photo of Austin Nachtigall - Austin Nachtigall - Yellow Brick Road Counseling, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Austin Nachtigall - Yellow Brick Road Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
1 Endorsed
Yankton, SD 57078
Welcome to a space where your journey to understanding and improving your mental well-being takes the next step. I’m Austin, a dedicated mental health professional committed to assisting individuals in living up to their fullest potential. I specialize in helping individuals navigate stress, cultivate resilience, and achieve personal growth. Whether you’re grappling with anxiety, a major life challenge, relationship issues, or self-esteem concerns, my approach is rooted in empathy, respect, and collaboration.
Welcome to a space where your journey to understanding and improving your mental well-being takes the next step. I’m Austin, a dedicated mental health professional committed to assisting individuals in living up to their fullest potential. I specialize in helping individuals navigate stress, cultivate resilience, and achieve personal growth. Whether you’re grappling with anxiety, a major life challenge, relationship issues, or self-esteem concerns, my approach is rooted in empathy, respect, and collaboration.
(605) 627-8721 View (605) 627-8721
Photo of Dr. Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Serves Area
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
(605) 836-6854 View (605) 836-6854
Photo of Adam Hardy - Sunstone Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-MH, LAC
Sunstone Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-MH, LAC
Serves Area
At Sunstone Counseling, we are a team of dedicated professionals who believe that everyone deserves to live a fulfilling life. We specialize in providing professional counseling services to help individuals, couples, and families cope with mental health and behavioral issues. Our team consists of licensed counselors and supervisees with years of experience in the field, who are committed to providing compassionate care. Accessibility to mental health care is critical– we have offices in Yankton, Vermillion, Sioux Falls, and Madison SD to support the growing need in these communities.
At Sunstone Counseling, we are a team of dedicated professionals who believe that everyone deserves to live a fulfilling life. We specialize in providing professional counseling services to help individuals, couples, and families cope with mental health and behavioral issues. Our team consists of licensed counselors and supervisees with years of experience in the field, who are committed to providing compassionate care. Accessibility to mental health care is critical– we have offices in Yankton, Vermillion, Sioux Falls, and Madison SD to support the growing need in these communities.
(605) 205-7160 View (605) 205-7160
Photo of Kelsey Carroll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW-PIP, QMHP
Kelsey Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW-PIP, QMHP
Serves Area
I love helping people reach their full potential and providing support to them along the way! I provide a holistic and non-judgemental approach to clients to help them feel safe, heard, and validated. Together we will discover what works best for you and create reachable goals. I work with all personal, relational, sexual, and psychological issues. Through one-on-one therapy, I am committed and dedicated to supporting you every step of the way. As for couples therapy, we will work through difficult relationship dynamics and conflicts while we strengthen communication and intimacy!
I love helping people reach their full potential and providing support to them along the way! I provide a holistic and non-judgemental approach to clients to help them feel safe, heard, and validated. Together we will discover what works best for you and create reachable goals. I work with all personal, relational, sexual, and psychological issues. Through one-on-one therapy, I am committed and dedicated to supporting you every step of the way. As for couples therapy, we will work through difficult relationship dynamics and conflicts while we strengthen communication and intimacy!
(605) 674-7668 View (605) 674-7668
Photo of Perla Chavez Alarcon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, QMHP
Perla Chavez Alarcon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, QMHP
Serves Area
Bienvenidos a mi página! I work with adults and teens navigating anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and relationship challenges. I provide a warm, collaborative space where you can feel understood and supported.
Bienvenidos a mi página! I work with adults and teens navigating anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and relationship challenges. I provide a warm, collaborative space where you can feel understood and supported.
(605) 854-8167 View (605) 854-8167
Photo of Irina Nicholas Goubanova, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, QMHP
Irina Nicholas Goubanova
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, QMHP
Serves Area
Life is a journey, not a destination.We need strength & resiliency during that journey. We all occasionally stumble and face pitfalls. I am an experienced and intuitive mental health professional, who will help you heal during the times of emotional distress and life crises. My training and professional experience focus on helping clients during the time of transition.I have been successful in the treatment of Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Chronic pain. I include therapeutic hypnosis Do not face your struggles alone. Help is within reach. You will know after your first visit, if you made the right choice.
Life is a journey, not a destination.We need strength & resiliency during that journey. We all occasionally stumble and face pitfalls. I am an experienced and intuitive mental health professional, who will help you heal during the times of emotional distress and life crises. My training and professional experience focus on helping clients during the time of transition.I have been successful in the treatment of Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Chronic pain. I include therapeutic hypnosis Do not face your struggles alone. Help is within reach. You will know after your first visit, if you made the right choice.
(605) 250-3971 View (605) 250-3971
Photo of Mikaela Campbell, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MH, NCC, QMHP
Mikaela Campbell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MH, NCC, QMHP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you are a kiddo or a kid at heart, someone addressing sexual or gender concerns, a couple seeking support, an adult with developmental or intellectual disabilities, someone addressing spiritual concerns, and/or facing traumas associated with relational violence, my background might be a good fit for you. Come on in - I look forward to meeting you!
If you are a kiddo or a kid at heart, someone addressing sexual or gender concerns, a couple seeking support, an adult with developmental or intellectual disabilities, someone addressing spiritual concerns, and/or facing traumas associated with relational violence, my background might be a good fit for you. Come on in - I look forward to meeting you!
(605) 972-1819 View (605) 972-1819
Photo of Kristina Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-MH, QMHP, NCC
Kristina Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-MH, QMHP, NCC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Do you ever find yourself thinking, “Something feels off—why am I feeling this way?” Do you experience moments of overwhelm, tension, or fear of not being good enough? You don’t have to face those feelings alone. My goal is to help you ease your anxiety and find relief from depression by creating a safe, supportive space where you can reconnect with yourself. Together, we’ll explore your concerns and work toward clarity, healing, and lasting change. My role as your therapist is to help you gain the knowledge, the skills, and resources within yourself and your environment to reach contentment as you define it.
Do you ever find yourself thinking, “Something feels off—why am I feeling this way?” Do you experience moments of overwhelm, tension, or fear of not being good enough? You don’t have to face those feelings alone. My goal is to help you ease your anxiety and find relief from depression by creating a safe, supportive space where you can reconnect with yourself. Together, we’ll explore your concerns and work toward clarity, healing, and lasting change. My role as your therapist is to help you gain the knowledge, the skills, and resources within yourself and your environment to reach contentment as you define it.
(605) 349-1672 View (605) 349-1672
Photo of Jaeron-Rae R Jae Dukes, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jaeron-Rae R Jae Dukes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
I have worked with clients with a variety of concerns including anxiety, dissociation, trauma and abuse, PTSD, religious/spiritual trauma, sex work/trafficking and eating issues. I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ clients with specialized training for supporting transgender clients as well as cult recovery/religious deconstruction. My therapy style is warm, interactive and person centered. I believe everyone has the ability to find healing. It takes courage to reach out and ask for support. That courage will serve you well as you work towards feeling better. I'm here to support you in your process of healing.
I have worked with clients with a variety of concerns including anxiety, dissociation, trauma and abuse, PTSD, religious/spiritual trauma, sex work/trafficking and eating issues. I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ clients with specialized training for supporting transgender clients as well as cult recovery/religious deconstruction. My therapy style is warm, interactive and person centered. I believe everyone has the ability to find healing. It takes courage to reach out and ask for support. That courage will serve you well as you work towards feeling better. I'm here to support you in your process of healing.
(804) 494-7922 View (804) 494-7922

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Regina Dumansky, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Regina Dumansky
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Serves Area
If you’ve tried everything but still feel stuck in cycles of frustration, exhaustion, overwhelm, depression, loss of self, lashing out, withdrawing, or numbing…its time to go beyond talking and into depth work that moves you out of repeating cycles and stepping back into Your life.
If you’ve tried everything but still feel stuck in cycles of frustration, exhaustion, overwhelm, depression, loss of self, lashing out, withdrawing, or numbing…its time to go beyond talking and into depth work that moves you out of repeating cycles and stepping back into Your life.
(605) 307-5077 View (605) 307-5077
Photo of Mary Margaret DALLMAN, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT , CEAP, MAC
Mary Margaret DALLMAN
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT , CEAP, MAC
Vermillion, SD 57069
I am an LMFT with over 30 years experience working with couples and individuals ages 12 and up addressing a wide range of issues. These include but are not limited to depression, anxiety, trauma, work challenges, grief and loss, addiction, aging, transitions, managing stress and relationship issues. I love what I do and feel privileged to do this important work. I create a safe place for people to address their concerns, fears and life changes that affect us all.
I am an LMFT with over 30 years experience working with couples and individuals ages 12 and up addressing a wide range of issues. These include but are not limited to depression, anxiety, trauma, work challenges, grief and loss, addiction, aging, transitions, managing stress and relationship issues. I love what I do and feel privileged to do this important work. I create a safe place for people to address their concerns, fears and life changes that affect us all.
(605) 349-2969 View (605) 349-2969

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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 57078

10+

Average cost per session

$220

Therapists in 57078 who prioritize treating:

94% Depression
89% Anxiety
83% Grief
83% Trauma and PTSD
78% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
72% Divorce

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% Avera Health Plans
94% Sanford Health Plan
88% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 57078 see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
15% Male
8% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 57078?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.