Photo of Rebecca A Zuehlke, MSW, LICSW , Ed S , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca A Zuehlke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW , Ed S
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with clients across the lifespan, with the most experience with early adolescence to middle age. I also have experience working with individuals living with cognitive or physical disabilities, including autism.
I work with clients across the lifespan, with the most experience with early adolescence to middle age. I also have experience working with individuals living with cognitive or physical disabilities, including autism.
(952) 900-6336 View (952) 900-6336
Photo of Amy Quinn, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Amy Quinn
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
You're unhappy with the way things are right now, but unsure what to do. You feel stuck. You're worried you're burning out your friends and family with your problems. You're sick of fighting with your spouse, but don't want the marriage to be over. Emotions have always been difficult for you to manage or share. You have thoughts that you're a "failure" and "never good enough". You're avoiding things and feel scared, but you don't know where to start.
You're unhappy with the way things are right now, but unsure what to do. You feel stuck. You're worried you're burning out your friends and family with your problems. You're sick of fighting with your spouse, but don't want the marriage to be over. Emotions have always been difficult for you to manage or share. You have thoughts that you're a "failure" and "never good enough". You're avoiding things and feel scared, but you don't know where to start.
(952) 243-3249 View (952) 243-3249
Photo of Lynne Silva-Breen, MDiv, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lynne Silva-Breen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Consulting Therapist - Family Therapist / Supervisor / Pastoral Counselor
Consulting Therapist - Family Therapist / Supervisor / Pastoral Counselor
(612) 217-4184 View (612) 217-4184
Photo of Dr. Sharon Mahowald-Horner, MS, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Dr. Sharon Mahowald-Horner
Psychologist, MS, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Accepting ADHD Testing Clients Only at this time (not accepting new therapy clients). Now Offering Online ADHD Testing for (ages 10+) and adults within the State of Minnesota or Florida. Receive immediate results; testing is administered, scored and interpreted during a 60 minute video session. This product is the most requested by prescribing doctors. Includes IVA-2 testing, parent or self-report ADHD checklist, diagnostic interview, and interpretive report. ADHD Testing & Diagnostic Report $299 - Private Pay Only (Credit, Debit or HSA Cards)
Accepting ADHD Testing Clients Only at this time (not accepting new therapy clients). Now Offering Online ADHD Testing for (ages 10+) and adults within the State of Minnesota or Florida. Receive immediate results; testing is administered, scored and interpreted during a 60 minute video session. This product is the most requested by prescribing doctors. Includes IVA-2 testing, parent or self-report ADHD checklist, diagnostic interview, and interpretive report. ADHD Testing & Diagnostic Report $299 - Private Pay Only (Credit, Debit or HSA Cards)
(952) 209-9956 View (952) 209-9956
Photo of Andrea D Shellen, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andrea D Shellen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
What exactly IS trauma? Trauma is any experience that the person deems negative and continues to live in the shadow of the event(s). If you feel trapped, like the trauma is following you, within you, or pops up at random, I can help. I love helping people to get "unstuck," so that they are no longer being controlled by their past traumas. I offer two life-changing therapies, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and ART (Accelerated Resolution Therapy). These therapies help clients transform themselves from symptomatic to symptom-free, giving people a sense of peace, safety and the freedom to truly live life.
What exactly IS trauma? Trauma is any experience that the person deems negative and continues to live in the shadow of the event(s). If you feel trapped, like the trauma is following you, within you, or pops up at random, I can help. I love helping people to get "unstuck," so that they are no longer being controlled by their past traumas. I offer two life-changing therapies, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and ART (Accelerated Resolution Therapy). These therapies help clients transform themselves from symptomatic to symptom-free, giving people a sense of peace, safety and the freedom to truly live life.
(952) 260-8927 View (952) 260-8927
Photo of Tonya Wilhelm - Wilhelm Therapy & Consulting, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wilhelm Therapy & Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Trauma and stress are not distributed fairly among us, but they are a part of life we all have to learn to navigate. While I can't say treatment of trauma - or any successful therapy - is fun, easy, or quick, if you are looking at Psychology Today profiles you are likely considering getting support and making some changes. That is an excellent first step! If you are experiencing difficulties in your relationships, feeling lost, burned out at work, or having difficulty understanding or moving past things that have happened in life, I hope you will consider therapy as an option to help move forward. Even short-term work may help.
Trauma and stress are not distributed fairly among us, but they are a part of life we all have to learn to navigate. While I can't say treatment of trauma - or any successful therapy - is fun, easy, or quick, if you are looking at Psychology Today profiles you are likely considering getting support and making some changes. That is an excellent first step! If you are experiencing difficulties in your relationships, feeling lost, burned out at work, or having difficulty understanding or moving past things that have happened in life, I hope you will consider therapy as an option to help move forward. Even short-term work may help.
(612) 888-9680 View (612) 888-9680
Photo of Stephanie Kandie - Enlightened Path Behavioral Health & Wellness, LLC, MA, LPCC, LADC, Counselor
Enlightened Path Behavioral Health & Wellness, LLC
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Ideally, I enjoy working with people of all backgrounds and experiences. I like to follow a team approach where we work together to help you become the best version of you! I appreciate feedback and insight into your unique situation and input on what is helpful/not helpful in the therapy approach. I love working from a solution and client centered approach where we can identify common goals and work together to help you meet them. Ideally, my clients are those who want to become the best version of themselves, who want to understand themselves more holistically for their own well-being and are willing to do the work to get there.
Ideally, I enjoy working with people of all backgrounds and experiences. I like to follow a team approach where we work together to help you become the best version of you! I appreciate feedback and insight into your unique situation and input on what is helpful/not helpful in the therapy approach. I love working from a solution and client centered approach where we can identify common goals and work together to help you meet them. Ideally, my clients are those who want to become the best version of themselves, who want to understand themselves more holistically for their own well-being and are willing to do the work to get there.
(952) 522-6585 View (952) 522-6585
Photo of Brittany Squillace, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Brittany Squillace
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Have you experienced moments of anxiety and depression and don’t know why? Are you feeling stuck in life? Are you asking yourself “now what?” and wondering what life moving forward will look like? Do you have moments of feeling happy/joyful/excited and also have moments of sadness/guilt/frustration/confusion? Big life changes, both positive (such as retirement, becoming a new parent, marriage, etc.) and challenging (such as divorce, grieving the death of a loved one, receiving a life changing diagnosis, etc.), can bring a wide range of thoughts and feelings about what the change means for you and your life moving forward.
Have you experienced moments of anxiety and depression and don’t know why? Are you feeling stuck in life? Are you asking yourself “now what?” and wondering what life moving forward will look like? Do you have moments of feeling happy/joyful/excited and also have moments of sadness/guilt/frustration/confusion? Big life changes, both positive (such as retirement, becoming a new parent, marriage, etc.) and challenging (such as divorce, grieving the death of a loved one, receiving a life changing diagnosis, etc.), can bring a wide range of thoughts and feelings about what the change means for you and your life moving forward.
(612) 712-7562 View (612) 712-7562
Photo of Heidi V Carlson - River Valley Behavioral Health & Wellness Center, PsyD, LP, LMFT, Psychologist
River Valley Behavioral Health & Wellness Center
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, LMFT
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Highly trained child/adolescent & adult psychiatric providers along with nurse practitioners offering individual, group, couples & family therapy, psychological assessment and medication management. Experienced professionals committed to helping you reach your goals in a confidential & comfortable setting. Assessment & treatment for ADHD, learning/developmental disabilities, veterans, PTSD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, substance abuse, relationships, life changes, divorce, stress & coping, anger, autism, & borderline personality disorder
Highly trained child/adolescent & adult psychiatric providers along with nurse practitioners offering individual, group, couples & family therapy, psychological assessment and medication management. Experienced professionals committed to helping you reach your goals in a confidential & comfortable setting. Assessment & treatment for ADHD, learning/developmental disabilities, veterans, PTSD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, substance abuse, relationships, life changes, divorce, stress & coping, anger, autism, & borderline personality disorder
(952) 479-4846 View (952) 479-4846
BHSI - Shakopee
Marriage & Family Therapist, BHSI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
We are a group of psychologists, psychaitrists and marriage-family therapists committed to providing high quality and comprehensive care for adults, adolescents and children. Whether you arrange individualy therapy, family therapy, meetings with a psychaitrist to discuss medication options, or psychological testing to better understand the problem, our fully licensed and credentialed clinicians can coordinate all of these services under one roof. When you visit a BHSI clinic, you can always expect skilled and compassionate treatment and strict confidentiality. For your convenience, we offer flexible appointment scheduling.
We are a group of psychologists, psychaitrists and marriage-family therapists committed to providing high quality and comprehensive care for adults, adolescents and children. Whether you arrange individualy therapy, family therapy, meetings with a psychaitrist to discuss medication options, or psychological testing to better understand the problem, our fully licensed and credentialed clinicians can coordinate all of these services under one roof. When you visit a BHSI clinic, you can always expect skilled and compassionate treatment and strict confidentiality. For your convenience, we offer flexible appointment scheduling.
(651) 760-5834 View (651) 760-5834
Photo of Kathryn Cashman, MA, LP, Psychologist
Kathryn Cashman
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Master's in Counseling and Psychological Services, St Mary's University -Minneapolis.  BA in Psychology, College of St. Benedict. I have 30 plus years as a Licensed Psychologist. I am licensed by The State of Minnesota 0089. I practice in the South Metro area.  I am available to meet in person as well as telehealth.  I am available for a free 15-minute consultation at 612-598-3891. Feel free to ask me about my qualifications and training.
Master's in Counseling and Psychological Services, St Mary's University -Minneapolis.  BA in Psychology, College of St. Benedict. I have 30 plus years as a Licensed Psychologist. I am licensed by The State of Minnesota 0089. I practice in the South Metro area.  I am available to meet in person as well as telehealth.  I am available for a free 15-minute consultation at 612-598-3891. Feel free to ask me about my qualifications and training.
(952) 592-1615 View (952) 592-1615
Ronald C. Pietig
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
I am very concerned about people with anger management and domestic abuse issues. I provide individual and group therapy to help individuals avoid the tremendous potential costs that so frequently are associated with these problems. I direct a proven structured program that is both educational and therapeutic. I am the most experienced specialist in Minnesota for adult males with these concerns. I'm in the office afternoons and evenings, Monday through Thursdays. I urge you to find the courage to contact me if you are also concerned about excessive anger or abusive behavior.
I am very concerned about people with anger management and domestic abuse issues. I provide individual and group therapy to help individuals avoid the tremendous potential costs that so frequently are associated with these problems. I direct a proven structured program that is both educational and therapeutic. I am the most experienced specialist in Minnesota for adult males with these concerns. I'm in the office afternoons and evenings, Monday through Thursdays. I urge you to find the courage to contact me if you are also concerned about excessive anger or abusive behavior.
(952) 314-5440 View (952) 314-5440
Photo of Cheryl Kack - Stepping Stones Counseling LLC, MSW, LICSW, LADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stepping Stones Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
It is important to find the right therapist that you can trust. Congratulations for getting to this point in your life in seeking out the services to assist you in making a positive transition. My name is Cheryl and I am a LICSW and a LADC. Sometimes life hands you difficulties that can be overwhelming. These situations end up causing you to experience anxiety, depression, anger, confusion, fear or frustration. I believe that successful therapy stems from a positive therapeutic relationship. My process stimulates communication in a respectful, supportive and productive manner.
It is important to find the right therapist that you can trust. Congratulations for getting to this point in your life in seeking out the services to assist you in making a positive transition. My name is Cheryl and I am a LICSW and a LADC. Sometimes life hands you difficulties that can be overwhelming. These situations end up causing you to experience anxiety, depression, anger, confusion, fear or frustration. I believe that successful therapy stems from a positive therapeutic relationship. My process stimulates communication in a respectful, supportive and productive manner.
(507) 298-2125 View (507) 298-2125
Photo of Jessica Parker, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Parker
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Not accepting new clients
"The way out is through" - Robert Frost. As human beings navigating this complex world, we often avoid problems as a form of self-protection. In order to find more contentment in our lives, it is essential that we face our difficulties in a safe environment. I enjoy working with adults struggling with self-esteem, addictive behaviors, self-care, life-transitions, childhood trauma, parenting/step-parenting, relationship issues and more. I utilize an empathetic, genuine and kind approach in session creating a safe space for people to work through and explore their difficulties.
"The way out is through" - Robert Frost. As human beings navigating this complex world, we often avoid problems as a form of self-protection. In order to find more contentment in our lives, it is essential that we face our difficulties in a safe environment. I enjoy working with adults struggling with self-esteem, addictive behaviors, self-care, life-transitions, childhood trauma, parenting/step-parenting, relationship issues and more. I utilize an empathetic, genuine and kind approach in session creating a safe space for people to work through and explore their difficulties.
View
Photo of Kristin Johnson, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kristin Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Sometimes we need extra support in this daily thing we call life. Reaching out for help shows courage and strength because you are in charge of the changes you want to make. I will stand by you and meet you where you are at and walk with you toward change. With motivation and coaching, I will help remind you of what you have inside you to make these changes. If you are struggling and not seeing or feeling your true potential, please come and share your story with me.
Sometimes we need extra support in this daily thing we call life. Reaching out for help shows courage and strength because you are in charge of the changes you want to make. I will stand by you and meet you where you are at and walk with you toward change. With motivation and coaching, I will help remind you of what you have inside you to make these changes. If you are struggling and not seeing or feeling your true potential, please come and share your story with me.
(952) 466-6988 View (952) 466-6988
Photo of Larry Baumgartner, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Larry Baumgartner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
IMMEDiate Openings for virtual therapy anywhere you live in Minnesota! Infidelity, Intimacy & Relationships have been my specialty for nearly 10 years. I help couples reconnect, rebuild and restore their relationship. It has been far too long since your desires have been met in this relationship. You seek that touch or acknowledgement that they care. Through it all, you still have HOPE and want to heal and save your relationship. Best Hope Therapy provides, couples therapy, marriage counseling and relationship therapy for all types of traditional and non traditional relationships.
IMMEDiate Openings for virtual therapy anywhere you live in Minnesota! Infidelity, Intimacy & Relationships have been my specialty for nearly 10 years. I help couples reconnect, rebuild and restore their relationship. It has been far too long since your desires have been met in this relationship. You seek that touch or acknowledgement that they care. Through it all, you still have HOPE and want to heal and save your relationship. Best Hope Therapy provides, couples therapy, marriage counseling and relationship therapy for all types of traditional and non traditional relationships.
(952) 856-0085 View (952) 856-0085
Photo of Riley McCann, Pre-Licensed Professional
Riley McCann
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Hi there! I'm Riley, a mental health therapist specializing in anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Let's tackle these challenges together - you're not alone. I'm here to listen without judgment, and it's okay to feel overwhelmed sometimes. As a former teacher, I can help you explore educational and career options, find your path, and overcome burnout. Together, we'll learn new ways to handle life's ups and downs. My approach blends mind & body techniques, empowering you to conquer anything that comes your way. I've also been trained in Brainspotting I & II for trauma.
Hi there! I'm Riley, a mental health therapist specializing in anxiety, depression, and life transitions. Let's tackle these challenges together - you're not alone. I'm here to listen without judgment, and it's okay to feel overwhelmed sometimes. As a former teacher, I can help you explore educational and career options, find your path, and overcome burnout. Together, we'll learn new ways to handle life's ups and downs. My approach blends mind & body techniques, empowering you to conquer anything that comes your way. I've also been trained in Brainspotting I & II for trauma.
(952) 260-3815 View (952) 260-3815
Photo of Lisa Medin, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa Medin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals as they process trauma, depression, and anxiety. I find many clients may also be struggling with boundaries, self-compassion, self-care, emotional regulation, and assertiveness. It’s my hope that counseling will also offer individuals a greater sense of peace and love for themselves.
I work with individuals as they process trauma, depression, and anxiety. I find many clients may also be struggling with boundaries, self-compassion, self-care, emotional regulation, and assertiveness. It’s my hope that counseling will also offer individuals a greater sense of peace and love for themselves.
(952) 592-0659 View (952) 592-0659
Photo of LaTiona Washington, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
LaTiona Washington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Verified Verified
Prior Lake, MN 55372
It is my pleasure to work with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, personality disorders, bipolar, PTSD, suicidal ideations, self-esteem, and trauma. I have experience assisting individuals who have had difficulty transitioning from adolescent to adulthood, divorce, court-ordered, college, break up, children leaving home, grief and lost. I also have experience with Christian counseling if you're interested and if not, I respect your preference. I have worked with a diverse population that includes Muslim, agnostic, atheist, two spirit, White, Native, Black, Latino, Mexican, Indian, and Biracial to name a few.
It is my pleasure to work with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, personality disorders, bipolar, PTSD, suicidal ideations, self-esteem, and trauma. I have experience assisting individuals who have had difficulty transitioning from adolescent to adulthood, divorce, court-ordered, college, break up, children leaving home, grief and lost. I also have experience with Christian counseling if you're interested and if not, I respect your preference. I have worked with a diverse population that includes Muslim, agnostic, atheist, two spirit, White, Native, Black, Latino, Mexican, Indian, and Biracial to name a few.
(952) 900-2507 View (952) 900-2507
Photo of Rosilynn Morris, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rosilynn Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Prior Lake, MN 55372
You’ve been searching for a therapist who genuinely gets it—someone who understands that your anxiety, depression, PTSD, struggles with self-esteem, and emotional and behavioral disturbances all have roots in unresolved childhood trauma. You’ve been living in survival mode for so long, you could practically teach a masterclass. But beneath that survival instinct is a deep longing to heal. As a trans-affirming, culturally responsive, and social justice-oriented therapist, I provide a safe space to explore how past abuse, neglect, and complex stress have shaped your self-view, relationships, and perceptions of the world.
You’ve been searching for a therapist who genuinely gets it—someone who understands that your anxiety, depression, PTSD, struggles with self-esteem, and emotional and behavioral disturbances all have roots in unresolved childhood trauma. You’ve been living in survival mode for so long, you could practically teach a masterclass. But beneath that survival instinct is a deep longing to heal. As a trans-affirming, culturally responsive, and social justice-oriented therapist, I provide a safe space to explore how past abuse, neglect, and complex stress have shaped your self-view, relationships, and perceptions of the world.
(612) 712-6594 View (612) 712-6594
1

See more therapy options for 55372

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 55372

20+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in 55372 who prioritize treating:

88% Depression
88% Anxiety
81% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
77% Self Esteem
73% Stress
65% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
79% Aetna
79% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 55372 see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
9% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 55372?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.