Photo of The Irishman and Associates - Interventionists, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 55102, MN
The Irishman and Associates - Interventionists
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADC
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
The Irishman and Associates is a full service alcohol and drug intervention and case management firm based out of the Cathedral Hill neighborhood of St Paul MN. Leveraging experience and relationships in the recovery industry we help families navigate the intervention, treatment and aftercare for alcohol and drug addiction.
The Irishman and Associates is a full service alcohol and drug intervention and case management firm based out of the Cathedral Hill neighborhood of St Paul MN. Leveraging experience and relationships in the recovery industry we help families navigate the intervention, treatment and aftercare for alcohol and drug addiction.
(651) 417-0349 View (651) 417-0349
Photo of Allen Burns, Counselor in 55102, MN
Allen Burns
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Are you feeling irritable, having difficulty sleeping or focusing, experiencing mood swings or angry outbursts? Are you avoiding people or places or activities out of fear? These kinds of problems affect relationships at home and at work, our friendships, and our love relationships. They keep us from living the kind of rewarding life we really want; they keep us from thriving. If you want to find your own path to your thriving life, I'm ready to help. I will bring my compassion, curiosity, courage, and patience. And I will encourage you to bring yours.
Are you feeling irritable, having difficulty sleeping or focusing, experiencing mood swings or angry outbursts? Are you avoiding people or places or activities out of fear? These kinds of problems affect relationships at home and at work, our friendships, and our love relationships. They keep us from living the kind of rewarding life we really want; they keep us from thriving. If you want to find your own path to your thriving life, I'm ready to help. I will bring my compassion, curiosity, courage, and patience. And I will encourage you to bring yours.
(651) 243-9807 View (651) 243-9807
Photo of TC Largaespada, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55102, MN
TC Largaespada
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
When you are feeling overwhelmed but aren't sure how things can change, I can help. When you find that you keep making the same mistakes, doing things you promised yourself you would stop, I can help. Behavior changes are more than just applying logic to your situation. If it was only logic, you would have figured it out by now. I focus on how the brain processes experiences. I can provide the space to sort things out and finally make sense of those old patterns.
When you are feeling overwhelmed but aren't sure how things can change, I can help. When you find that you keep making the same mistakes, doing things you promised yourself you would stop, I can help. Behavior changes are more than just applying logic to your situation. If it was only logic, you would have figured it out by now. I focus on how the brain processes experiences. I can provide the space to sort things out and finally make sense of those old patterns.
(651) 964-0962 View (651) 964-0962
Kimberly Endres
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Are you struggling? Do you go through life on auto-pilot, feel disconnected or often find yourself judging? Do you engage in self-injury or have suicide thoughts? Are you lonely? Are your relationships challenging? Difficult to maintain? Full of conflict? Are you able to effectively manage your emotions or do they have control of you? Do you act impulsively, act without thinking and have a difficult time tolerating change and distress? If you answered yes to any of these, Mindfulness and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) can help!
Are you struggling? Do you go through life on auto-pilot, feel disconnected or often find yourself judging? Do you engage in self-injury or have suicide thoughts? Are you lonely? Are your relationships challenging? Difficult to maintain? Full of conflict? Are you able to effectively manage your emotions or do they have control of you? Do you act impulsively, act without thinking and have a difficult time tolerating change and distress? If you answered yes to any of these, Mindfulness and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) can help!
(651) 615-7488 View (651) 615-7488
Photo of Erica Derifield, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 55102, MN
Erica Derifield
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MPS, LADC
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
Erica is a Pre-Licensed LPCC and a Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor in the state of Minnesota and graduated with a Master of Professional Studies in Integrated Behavioral Health from the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. Erica has experience working with adults, families, couples, and adolescents in the residential, outpatient, community, and academic/school settings. Erica is passionate about providing care from a holistic and trauma-informed lens, ensuring every individual is seen and honored for their unique strengths, experiences, and inner wisdom rather than seen or labeled as a diagnosis.
Erica is a Pre-Licensed LPCC and a Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor in the state of Minnesota and graduated with a Master of Professional Studies in Integrated Behavioral Health from the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. Erica has experience working with adults, families, couples, and adolescents in the residential, outpatient, community, and academic/school settings. Erica is passionate about providing care from a holistic and trauma-informed lens, ensuring every individual is seen and honored for their unique strengths, experiences, and inner wisdom rather than seen or labeled as a diagnosis.
(651) 538-2872 View (651) 538-2872
Photo of Lauren Barnes, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in 55102, MN
Lauren Barnes
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Struggling with mental health? Relationship difficulties? Whether you're seeking therapy for yourself, your relationship, or for your entire family system, I'm here to help. I use a client-centered approach and believe therapy works best when compassion, empathy, and humor are in the mix.
Struggling with mental health? Relationship difficulties? Whether you're seeking therapy for yourself, your relationship, or for your entire family system, I'm here to help. I use a client-centered approach and believe therapy works best when compassion, empathy, and humor are in the mix.
(651) 615-5209 View (651) 615-5209
Photo of Yasha Horstmann, Licensed Professional Counselor in 55102, MN
Yasha Horstmann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
In my practice, I offer individual therapy for those navigating addiction and mental health challenges. I'm dedicated to fostering a space where you feel a sense of belonging, free from judgment. Here, you can bravely confront your experiences, find clarity, and cultivate resilience. Whether it's trauma, anxiety, depression, or substance abuse, know that I'm here to walk alongside you, offering unwavering support as you navigate through fear toward healing and growth.
In my practice, I offer individual therapy for those navigating addiction and mental health challenges. I'm dedicated to fostering a space where you feel a sense of belonging, free from judgment. Here, you can bravely confront your experiences, find clarity, and cultivate resilience. Whether it's trauma, anxiety, depression, or substance abuse, know that I'm here to walk alongside you, offering unwavering support as you navigate through fear toward healing and growth.
(651) 877-6926 View (651) 877-6926
Photo of Lisa Havelin Counseling LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55102, MN
Lisa Havelin Counseling LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
We can be kind, strong, intelligent, and resourceful individuals and still there will be times when we need other people to support us, that’s just how we’re built. Acknowledging that vulnerability and asking for what we need is true wisdom. I honor and respect that in you. Every person is a unique expression of life, our work together supports you in embodying an authentic way of living. I deeply respect the painful things that bring people to seek support, as thresholds that offer the potential for healing, connection and purpose, and work to cultivate that optimism while also honoring the suffering that leads to such transitions
We can be kind, strong, intelligent, and resourceful individuals and still there will be times when we need other people to support us, that’s just how we’re built. Acknowledging that vulnerability and asking for what we need is true wisdom. I honor and respect that in you. Every person is a unique expression of life, our work together supports you in embodying an authentic way of living. I deeply respect the painful things that bring people to seek support, as thresholds that offer the potential for healing, connection and purpose, and work to cultivate that optimism while also honoring the suffering that leads to such transitions
(651) 867-3192 View (651) 867-3192
Photo of Hannah Rogak, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55102, MN
Hannah Rogak
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Not accepting new clients
As my profile states, I am unable to start with new clients at this time- Sometimes people miss that when they message me and I want to be clear! The people I enjoy working with most are the ones who aren't sure therapy is for them, or haven't had great experiences in the past. I get what it's like for therapy not to go well. Maybe they're nervous I'll side with their spouse. Maybe they're worried it'll be too much too fast. The best part of my job is discovering the unique stories of each person who comes into my office, then developing a relationship to support their progress towards a more comfortable, resilient way of living.
As my profile states, I am unable to start with new clients at this time- Sometimes people miss that when they message me and I want to be clear! The people I enjoy working with most are the ones who aren't sure therapy is for them, or haven't had great experiences in the past. I get what it's like for therapy not to go well. Maybe they're nervous I'll side with their spouse. Maybe they're worried it'll be too much too fast. The best part of my job is discovering the unique stories of each person who comes into my office, then developing a relationship to support their progress towards a more comfortable, resilient way of living.
(320) 348-7513 View (320) 348-7513
Photo of Paige Kahleck, Pre-Licensed Professional in 55102, MN
Paige Kahleck
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Paige Kahleck is a Marriage and Family Therapist in process with experience working with depression, anxiety, and ADD/ADHD. Paige works with individuals, families and couples. Paige treats children to adults utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Narrative therapy in her approach with clients. In her clinical work, Paige is well versed in both traditional therapeutic techniques as well as creative modalities such as play therapy, role play and skills work. In her free time Paige enjoys being outside hiking and biking. Paige has a Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Therapy from Saint Mary's University.
Paige Kahleck is a Marriage and Family Therapist in process with experience working with depression, anxiety, and ADD/ADHD. Paige works with individuals, families and couples. Paige treats children to adults utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Narrative therapy in her approach with clients. In her clinical work, Paige is well versed in both traditional therapeutic techniques as well as creative modalities such as play therapy, role play and skills work. In her free time Paige enjoys being outside hiking and biking. Paige has a Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Therapy from Saint Mary's University.
(651) 349-6623 View (651) 349-6623
Photo of Holly Robinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55102, MN
Holly Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
I believe in an empathic approach to therapy. It is important to me to meet clients where they are at, using a strengths-based and nonjudgmental approach. I draw from a variety of therapy modalities, including cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, motivational interviewing, illness management and recovery and dialectical behavioral therapy. Additionally, I am trained in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the treatment of trauma and PTSD. I believe in providing a safe and welcoming environment that allows individuals to effectively manage their lives and reach their highest potential.
I believe in an empathic approach to therapy. It is important to me to meet clients where they are at, using a strengths-based and nonjudgmental approach. I draw from a variety of therapy modalities, including cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, motivational interviewing, illness management and recovery and dialectical behavioral therapy. Additionally, I am trained in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the treatment of trauma and PTSD. I believe in providing a safe and welcoming environment that allows individuals to effectively manage their lives and reach their highest potential.
(651) 371-6141 View (651) 371-6141
Photo of Jodi Leirness, Psychologist in 55102, MN
Jodi Leirness
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
Welcome to my practice. I am currently accepting new clients. My name is Dr. Jodi Leirness (she/her) and I am a licensed psychologist in the state of Minnesota. My true passion is providing therapy services and walking alongside my clients as they search for and discover growth and healing in their lives. While life can bring joy, it can also brings stress, anxiety, depression, grief, pain and suffering. My goal is to create a safe and healing space where you can speak your truth alongside someone who truly cares about you, your wellness, your wholeness, and your authentic happiness.
Welcome to my practice. I am currently accepting new clients. My name is Dr. Jodi Leirness (she/her) and I am a licensed psychologist in the state of Minnesota. My true passion is providing therapy services and walking alongside my clients as they search for and discover growth and healing in their lives. While life can bring joy, it can also brings stress, anxiety, depression, grief, pain and suffering. My goal is to create a safe and healing space where you can speak your truth alongside someone who truly cares about you, your wellness, your wholeness, and your authentic happiness.
(651) 478-2321 View (651) 478-2321
Photo of Amanda Markowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55102, MN
Amanda Markowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Not accepting new clients
I strive to provide a supportive and non-judgmental environment to help you learn more about yourself, gain skills to navigate life’s challenges, and live an authentic, fulfilled life. My areas of focus include working with clients who experience anxiety, OCD, perfectionism, and trauma. I enjoy working with clients who identify as LGBQ+, transgender, and/or gender expansive. In my practice, I utilize a person-centered, relational approach.
I strive to provide a supportive and non-judgmental environment to help you learn more about yourself, gain skills to navigate life’s challenges, and live an authentic, fulfilled life. My areas of focus include working with clients who experience anxiety, OCD, perfectionism, and trauma. I enjoy working with clients who identify as LGBQ+, transgender, and/or gender expansive. In my practice, I utilize a person-centered, relational approach.
(612) 999-2263 View (612) 999-2263
Photo of Jennifer Ann LaCroix, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55102, MN
Jennifer Ann LaCroix
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102
The therapeutic relationship is transformative and at the root of our work together. It is my honor to walk alongside individuals, couples, and families working to heal from past traumas, gain perspective and insight, and strengthen and deepen their most important relationships. I currently work primarily with couples, co-parents, as well as individuals and folks in non-traditional relationships. Perspective is an incredibly powerful tool and one of the many gifts of therapy. I utilize an eclectic blend of theoretical approaches depending on client's needs and desired outcomes.
The therapeutic relationship is transformative and at the root of our work together. It is my honor to walk alongside individuals, couples, and families working to heal from past traumas, gain perspective and insight, and strengthen and deepen their most important relationships. I currently work primarily with couples, co-parents, as well as individuals and folks in non-traditional relationships. Perspective is an incredibly powerful tool and one of the many gifts of therapy. I utilize an eclectic blend of theoretical approaches depending on client's needs and desired outcomes.
(651) 877-6588 View (651) 877-6588
Photo of Akiko Tanaka, Psychologist in 55102, MN
Akiko Tanaka
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
You may be hoping to improve relationships in your life, be better able to deal with depression or anxiety, or free yourself from effects of trauma. Whatever your issues are, I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental, and safe space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences so you feel empowered to heal and move forward with your life.
You may be hoping to improve relationships in your life, be better able to deal with depression or anxiety, or free yourself from effects of trauma. Whatever your issues are, I provide a compassionate, non-judgmental, and safe space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences so you feel empowered to heal and move forward with your life.
View
Photo of Matthew Daniel Long, Licensed Professional Counselor in 55102, MN
Matthew Daniel Long
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Immediate Openings for general mental health therapy and/or substance use counseling. My area of expertise is in recovery from substance use disorders and co-occurring mental health issues. I believe the reasons for substance use reside in our biological makeup, in our mind processes and in our relationships with others. You are the expert on yourself and I feel that on a journey together, using my clinical expertise, we can better align your behaviors with your values.
Immediate Openings for general mental health therapy and/or substance use counseling. My area of expertise is in recovery from substance use disorders and co-occurring mental health issues. I believe the reasons for substance use reside in our biological makeup, in our mind processes and in our relationships with others. You are the expert on yourself and I feel that on a journey together, using my clinical expertise, we can better align your behaviors with your values.
(651) 419-5767 View (651) 419-5767
Photo of Caitlin Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55102, MN
Caitlin Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Life can sometimes feel lonely, exhausting, frustrating or even overwhelming. As a therapist, I am honored to be a part of each individual's path to a happier, more peaceful and productive place. I respect each client's world view and experience, and strive to collaborate in my client's growth to alleviate the struggles that are being, or have been experienced. I strive to leave each client feeling heard, empowered and ready to manage the stressors that are encountered in this complex world.
Life can sometimes feel lonely, exhausting, frustrating or even overwhelming. As a therapist, I am honored to be a part of each individual's path to a happier, more peaceful and productive place. I respect each client's world view and experience, and strive to collaborate in my client's growth to alleviate the struggles that are being, or have been experienced. I strive to leave each client feeling heard, empowered and ready to manage the stressors that are encountered in this complex world.
(651) 424-1756 View (651) 424-1756
Photo of Sharon J. Barnett Mitchell, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55102, MN
Sharon J. Barnett Mitchell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
I provide respectful, collaborative psychotherapy for adults, older teens, families, and couples. Taking a holistic and mindful approach, I can help with an array of relational and emotional concerns including life transitions; identity issues; grief and loss; sexuality and intimacy; family conflict and parenI take a client-centered, intersectional, harm-reduction and trauma-informed stance which means I provide a space where differences are honored, power is named, and the complexities of your experiences and identities are held.
I provide respectful, collaborative psychotherapy for adults, older teens, families, and couples. Taking a holistic and mindful approach, I can help with an array of relational and emotional concerns including life transitions; identity issues; grief and loss; sexuality and intimacy; family conflict and parenI take a client-centered, intersectional, harm-reduction and trauma-informed stance which means I provide a space where differences are honored, power is named, and the complexities of your experiences and identities are held.
(612) 806-0264 View (612) 806-0264
Photo of Jennifer (Jen) M Russell, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55102, MN
Jennifer (Jen) M Russell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Life can be hard. Let's collaborate to meet these challenges and find a way to more successful living. I work with individuals of all ages in addition to working with the whole family when indicated. With teens and adults, I use mindfulness and different therapies depending on what is needed. A free 30 minute consult is offered so we can meet and determine if our philosophy of change is a good match. I look forward to meeting you and working together for change.
Life can be hard. Let's collaborate to meet these challenges and find a way to more successful living. I work with individuals of all ages in addition to working with the whole family when indicated. With teens and adults, I use mindfulness and different therapies depending on what is needed. A free 30 minute consult is offered so we can meet and determine if our philosophy of change is a good match. I look forward to meeting you and working together for change.
(651) 492-4834 View (651) 492-4834
Photo of Jess Holly, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55102, MN
Jess Holly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102  (Online Only)
Jess Holly received her Bachelor’s degree in Child Psychology from the University of Minnesota and went on to earn a Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work from the U of M. Jess previously worked for a children’s community mental health agency in Minneapolis and surrounding areas where she provided in-home therapeutic support to children and their families facing serious and persistent mental and behavioral health challenges. Jess also has experience treating adults with anxiety and depression.
Jess Holly received her Bachelor’s degree in Child Psychology from the University of Minnesota and went on to earn a Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work from the U of M. Jess previously worked for a children’s community mental health agency in Minneapolis and surrounding areas where she provided in-home therapeutic support to children and their families facing serious and persistent mental and behavioral health challenges. Jess also has experience treating adults with anxiety and depression.
(651) 359-9875 View (651) 359-9875

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 55102

100+

Average cost per session

$167

Therapists in 55102 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
69% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% UCare
67% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in 55102 see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 55102?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.