Photo of Joshua Martinez, MA, TLLP, LLPC, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Joshua Martinez
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TLLP, LLPC
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
I believe in creating a warm and safe place where people can feel comfortable working through their difficulties and emerge with new strength. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families on a wide range of personal and interpersonal issues. Some people have a clear idea of the problem they want to address, and others are simply experiencing too much difficulty and only know that something needs to change. In either case, I explore their individual experiences and perspectives, and what they would like out of the therapeutic process before collaboratively developing the interventions and tools that best meet their needs.
I believe in creating a warm and safe place where people can feel comfortable working through their difficulties and emerge with new strength. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families on a wide range of personal and interpersonal issues. Some people have a clear idea of the problem they want to address, and others are simply experiencing too much difficulty and only know that something needs to change. In either case, I explore their individual experiences and perspectives, and what they would like out of the therapeutic process before collaboratively developing the interventions and tools that best meet their needs.
(231) 928-5796 View (231) 928-5796
Photo of Jennifer Roach, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Roach
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Muskegon, MI 49441
Regardless of what is bringing you in to therapy, my goal is to provide a safe and accepting space to promote healing. I am experienced in working with adolescents and adults on their personal growth and work to meet my clients where they are at. I have experience in working with diverse populations, and am LGBTQ affirming. I am currently working toward certification through PSI for Postpartum mood disorders. I work to help clients feel understood and to facilitate change based on their goals and values.
Regardless of what is bringing you in to therapy, my goal is to provide a safe and accepting space to promote healing. I am experienced in working with adolescents and adults on their personal growth and work to meet my clients where they are at. I have experience in working with diverse populations, and am LGBTQ affirming. I am currently working toward certification through PSI for Postpartum mood disorders. I work to help clients feel understood and to facilitate change based on their goals and values.
(231) 726-2299 View (231) 726-2299
Photo of Karli Baldus, LLP, LPC, RDT, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Karli Baldus
Limited Licensed Psychologist, LLP, LPC, RDT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
Need someone to listen and support you through difficult issues? I provide an Integrative approach using Trauma Focused Therapy, Internal Family Systems, CBT, Interpersonal Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, and Drama Therapy, where appropriate. I believe it is my job to provide the supportive environment, professional insight, and researched-based strategies to allow the client to grow. I want to help my clients become their best selves.
Need someone to listen and support you through difficult issues? I provide an Integrative approach using Trauma Focused Therapy, Internal Family Systems, CBT, Interpersonal Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, and Drama Therapy, where appropriate. I believe it is my job to provide the supportive environment, professional insight, and researched-based strategies to allow the client to grow. I want to help my clients become their best selves.
(231) 389-1208 View (231) 389-1208
Photo of Margaret A Lowe - Harbor Psychological Associates, PsyD, LP, CST
Harbor Psychological Associates
PsyD, LP, CST
Verified Verified
Muskegon, MI 49441
Harbor Psychological Associates is an established group of experienced, skilled and compassionate mental health professionals providing confidential, quality services. We are psychologists and counselors who are here to help adults, children, couples and families who are dealing with a wide range of issues. Our therapists are licensed and/or certified in their respective disciplines, have advanced degrees and specialty training. We offer both telehealth and in-person sessions. Our offices are in a beautiful old home located in the historic district of downtown Muskegon.
Harbor Psychological Associates is an established group of experienced, skilled and compassionate mental health professionals providing confidential, quality services. We are psychologists and counselors who are here to help adults, children, couples and families who are dealing with a wide range of issues. Our therapists are licensed and/or certified in their respective disciplines, have advanced degrees and specialty training. We offer both telehealth and in-person sessions. Our offices are in a beautiful old home located in the historic district of downtown Muskegon.
(231) 498-4191 View (231) 498-4191
Photo of Kris Kennedy, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kris Kennedy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
Not accepting new clients
By providing a safe space for clients to be their true self, we will work together by communicating openly, realizing inner strengths, and discovering new perspectives. My goal is to build a trusting relationship with clients, so they are comfortable sharing past experiences and together may begin the journey to healing and improving.
By providing a safe space for clients to be their true self, we will work together by communicating openly, realizing inner strengths, and discovering new perspectives. My goal is to build a trusting relationship with clients, so they are comfortable sharing past experiences and together may begin the journey to healing and improving.
(231) 201-6626 View (231) 201-6626
Photo of Ashley Schnotala, MA, LLPC, NCC, Counselor
Ashley Schnotala
Counselor, MA, LLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Norton Shores, MI 49441
I believe therapy can benefit everyone. Trained in trauma-informed care, I aim to help others live their best lives within their limitations. With a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling following a Bachelor of Arts in World Religions, I provide the space to holistically explore the entirety of your life. I approach counseling collaboratively, working with you to foster recognition, hope, and healing. We can discuss a variety of hardships and challenges, not limited to depression, anxiety, core beliefs, transitions, chronic illness, ADHD, trauma, displacements, and grief. I am also certified in EMDR.
I believe therapy can benefit everyone. Trained in trauma-informed care, I aim to help others live their best lives within their limitations. With a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling following a Bachelor of Arts in World Religions, I provide the space to holistically explore the entirety of your life. I approach counseling collaboratively, working with you to foster recognition, hope, and healing. We can discuss a variety of hardships and challenges, not limited to depression, anxiety, core beliefs, transitions, chronic illness, ADHD, trauma, displacements, and grief. I am also certified in EMDR.
(231) 518-6769 View (231) 518-6769
Photo of Felipe Trevino, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Felipe Trevino
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
I have been providing therapy since 2016, gaining valuable experience in various settings, including transitional housing, correctional facilities, and home-based environments. My focus has been on supporting individuals facing a wide range of mental health and substance use challenges, with a specialization in treating anxiety, depression, and substance use-related issues.
I have been providing therapy since 2016, gaining valuable experience in various settings, including transitional housing, correctional facilities, and home-based environments. My focus has been on supporting individuals facing a wide range of mental health and substance use challenges, with a specialization in treating anxiety, depression, and substance use-related issues.
(231) 412-8608 View (231) 412-8608
Photo of Rachel M. Glavich, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel M. Glavich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norton Shores, MI 49441
Are you or is your child struggling with current or past trauma, feelings of anger, anxiety, or relationship issues? I have over 20 years' experience as a practicing social worker helping individuals and families overcome these difficult issues. My practice is based on meeting people where they are at in life and providing a safe, comfortable space to process and heal through those difficult times either individually or as a family.
Are you or is your child struggling with current or past trauma, feelings of anger, anxiety, or relationship issues? I have over 20 years' experience as a practicing social worker helping individuals and families overcome these difficult issues. My practice is based on meeting people where they are at in life and providing a safe, comfortable space to process and heal through those difficult times either individually or as a family.
(231) 276-2400 View (231) 276-2400
Photo of Carolyn Waterstradt, MA, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carolyn Waterstradt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Norton Shores, MI 49441
I believe we have the innate ability to live in pure bliss and peacefulness even if we have had traumatic histories or we currently are experiencing something painful in our lives. I did not always believe pure bliss was possible and used to subscribe to the pathological view of mental health which I was taught in school. But what I’ve learned through my years of experience, both as a client and a therapist, is that if we look for pathology we see pathology and people will never truly reach their full potential.
I believe we have the innate ability to live in pure bliss and peacefulness even if we have had traumatic histories or we currently are experiencing something painful in our lives. I did not always believe pure bliss was possible and used to subscribe to the pathological view of mental health which I was taught in school. But what I’ve learned through my years of experience, both as a client and a therapist, is that if we look for pathology we see pathology and people will never truly reach their full potential.
(231) 634-6131 View (231) 634-6131
Photo of Jacqueline Lillian Rake, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jacqueline Lillian Rake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
I have found genuine passion in working with children and families as they navigate through transitional spaces within their life. I specialize in working through anxiety, behavioral issues, depression, and trauma. During sessions, I enjoy maintaining a strengths-based approach, while implementing Play as well as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques.
I have found genuine passion in working with children and families as they navigate through transitional spaces within their life. I specialize in working through anxiety, behavioral issues, depression, and trauma. During sessions, I enjoy maintaining a strengths-based approach, while implementing Play as well as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques.
(231) 201-4517 View (231) 201-4517
Photo of Nichole D Kurth - Serenity Shores Counseling, LLC, LMSW, TF-CBT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serenity Shores Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, TF-CBT
Verified Verified
Norton Shores, MI 49441
I am a Trauma Expert and hold certifications in DBT, TF-CBT, Safe and Sound Protocol, and EMDR which are tools that I use to help people regardless of gender or age who have gone through really tough experiences. If you struggle with anxiety, painful memories, and worry then reach out because you do not have to go through this alone. I am also an ADHD specialist and can help with testing and finding solutions to help you get on track by turning obstacles into strengths. In addition, I do offer couples counseling and retreats as a Certified Gottman Marriage Therapist.
I am a Trauma Expert and hold certifications in DBT, TF-CBT, Safe and Sound Protocol, and EMDR which are tools that I use to help people regardless of gender or age who have gone through really tough experiences. If you struggle with anxiety, painful memories, and worry then reach out because you do not have to go through this alone. I am also an ADHD specialist and can help with testing and finding solutions to help you get on track by turning obstacles into strengths. In addition, I do offer couples counseling and retreats as a Certified Gottman Marriage Therapist.
(231) 261-2882 View (231) 261-2882
Photo of Kris Kennedy - Awaken , MA, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Awaken
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Norton Shores, MI 49441
Awaken was started with the mission of helping individuals to improve their overall well-being. Our licensed mental health professionals are able to help with challenges including anxiety, depression, life transitions, stress, trauma, and more. In addition to counseling, we believe in caring for the whole person, so we have teamed up with Pompa Do's Salon to house self-care services under the same roof.
Awaken was started with the mission of helping individuals to improve their overall well-being. Our licensed mental health professionals are able to help with challenges including anxiety, depression, life transitions, stress, trauma, and more. In addition to counseling, we believe in caring for the whole person, so we have teamed up with Pompa Do's Salon to house self-care services under the same roof.
(616) 236-2707 View (616) 236-2707
Photo of Kellie Gerstweiler - Synergy Life Services, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Synergy Life Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Muskegon, MI 49441
I am honored to join clients on their journey towards personal growth and greatness. I specialize in working with: teenagers , adults and couples. I support my clients as they address issues related to: Addictions/Sobriety, Anxiety, Depression, Parenting Support, Personal/Spiritual Growth, PTSD, Sexual Abuse and or Trauma.
I am honored to join clients on their journey towards personal growth and greatness. I specialize in working with: teenagers , adults and couples. I support my clients as they address issues related to: Addictions/Sobriety, Anxiety, Depression, Parenting Support, Personal/Spiritual Growth, PTSD, Sexual Abuse and or Trauma.
(231) 680-4519 View (231) 680-4519
Photo of Kristie Thebo, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristie Thebo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Muskegon, MI 49441
Hello, I'm Kristie, a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a focus on empowering individuals and families to navigate their mental health journey. As a Limited Licensed Masters Level Social Worker, I hold a graduate degree from Michigan State University and have a strong background in community mental health. I specialize in assisting individuals with ADHD, anxiety, depression, and behavioral issues, providing tailored support and interventions. I am passionate about providing a nurturing and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors while cultivating self-awareness and resilience.
Hello, I'm Kristie, a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a focus on empowering individuals and families to navigate their mental health journey. As a Limited Licensed Masters Level Social Worker, I hold a graduate degree from Michigan State University and have a strong background in community mental health. I specialize in assisting individuals with ADHD, anxiety, depression, and behavioral issues, providing tailored support and interventions. I am passionate about providing a nurturing and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors while cultivating self-awareness and resilience.
(231) 241-8597 View (231) 241-8597
Photo of Christian Jansen-Yee - Chris Jansen-Yee, PsyD & Associates, PC, PsyD, Psychologist
Chris Jansen-Yee, PsyD & Associates, PC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Norton Shores, MI 49441
"Your Path to Well-being" We are a group of clinical and counseling psychologists. Dr. Chris Jansen-Yee is the supervising psychologist for four Master's Level, or Limited Licensed Psychologists serving the greater Muskegon area. We are general family practitioners yet each of us has areas of greater interest and focus. Our newest addition is Lucinda Barnum-Steggerda, MDiv, LMSW. Lucinda is an experienced master of social work clinician. She is a caring, dedicated healing professional with 31 years of experience in social services . She specializes in Trauma-Focused CBT with children & adults, integrating mind, body & spirit.
"Your Path to Well-being" We are a group of clinical and counseling psychologists. Dr. Chris Jansen-Yee is the supervising psychologist for four Master's Level, or Limited Licensed Psychologists serving the greater Muskegon area. We are general family practitioners yet each of us has areas of greater interest and focus. Our newest addition is Lucinda Barnum-Steggerda, MDiv, LMSW. Lucinda is an experienced master of social work clinician. She is a caring, dedicated healing professional with 31 years of experience in social services . She specializes in Trauma-Focused CBT with children & adults, integrating mind, body & spirit.
(231) 737-1213 View (231) 737-1213
Photo of Barb K Versalle, MA, LLPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Barb K Versalle
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
Norton Shores, MI 49441
I enjoy working with clients whose life may have been a bit bumpy. I can relate to your imperfections; I have them too! If you’d like to share your story with me in a nonjudgmental environment, we can work together to find healthy perspectives and ways to move forward. I like to build trusting relationships with my clients, it may feel like we’re sharing a cup of coffee together, we may laugh at times too. Feel free to share your thoughts and other life experiences that may not have been so easy. Perhaps we can flip some of the self-talk that you told yourself throughout the years that wasn’t flattering to you or even true.
I enjoy working with clients whose life may have been a bit bumpy. I can relate to your imperfections; I have them too! If you’d like to share your story with me in a nonjudgmental environment, we can work together to find healthy perspectives and ways to move forward. I like to build trusting relationships with my clients, it may feel like we’re sharing a cup of coffee together, we may laugh at times too. Feel free to share your thoughts and other life experiences that may not have been so easy. Perhaps we can flip some of the self-talk that you told yourself throughout the years that wasn’t flattering to you or even true.
(231) 400-0641 View (231) 400-0641
Photo of Tammy M Walker, LMSW, TFCBT, ART, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tammy M Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, TFCBT, ART
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
My focus is supporting youth, adults & families with behavior and thought changes for those experiencing sadness, anger, irritability, nervousness, lack of motivation, sleeping to much or to little, negative thoughts/feelings, anxiety, depression, traumatic events, family dysfunction, and parenting challenges. Together, we will assess your needs and use your strengths to build a therapeutic approach that works for you. I use a variety of interventions and will work to understand what you need and find what fits you. Sessions can take place in person at my Muskegon office or teletherapy throughout Michigan.
My focus is supporting youth, adults & families with behavior and thought changes for those experiencing sadness, anger, irritability, nervousness, lack of motivation, sleeping to much or to little, negative thoughts/feelings, anxiety, depression, traumatic events, family dysfunction, and parenting challenges. Together, we will assess your needs and use your strengths to build a therapeutic approach that works for you. I use a variety of interventions and will work to understand what you need and find what fits you. Sessions can take place in person at my Muskegon office or teletherapy throughout Michigan.
(231) 272-4095 View (231) 272-4095
Photo of Gabriel Cerchiori, LLMFT, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Gabriel Cerchiori
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LLMFT, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Muskegon, MI 49441
We all find ourselves in spots that are less than ideal from time to time. A relationship that brought us safety, joy and fulfillment in the past now turns us into an anxious and distracted mess. We feel our body giving way to time and it scares us. Or perhaps we have found that the way the world always seemed may not truly be the way it is and we are left with more questions than we have answers for. Whatever the specifics, we all need a place to breath, collect ourselves and reassess our trajectory, especially when it comes to our relationships and our inner worlds.
We all find ourselves in spots that are less than ideal from time to time. A relationship that brought us safety, joy and fulfillment in the past now turns us into an anxious and distracted mess. We feel our body giving way to time and it scares us. Or perhaps we have found that the way the world always seemed may not truly be the way it is and we are left with more questions than we have answers for. Whatever the specifics, we all need a place to breath, collect ourselves and reassess our trajectory, especially when it comes to our relationships and our inner worlds.
(231) 624-8515 View (231) 624-8515
Photo of Dawn M Wilburn, MA, LPC, NCC, MITS, Counselor
Dawn M Wilburn
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, MITS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Norton Shores, MI 49441
I like to create for my clients an environment that is conducive to cultivating open communication and trust. I respect and value the thoughts and feelings of my clients and each individual is treated as their own person, tried by challenges specific to themselves. Through self-exploration, understanding and deepened insight, I believe that individuals can heal and foster change.
I like to create for my clients an environment that is conducive to cultivating open communication and trust. I respect and value the thoughts and feelings of my clients and each individual is treated as their own person, tried by challenges specific to themselves. Through self-exploration, understanding and deepened insight, I believe that individuals can heal and foster change.
(231) 715-3174 View (231) 715-3174
Photo of Jessica Holmes, MA, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Jessica Holmes
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Muskegon, MI 49441
Not accepting new clients
Hi, I'm Jessica, you can call me Jess. I help individuals as young as 6 years old and up navigate through life's challenging moments. I believe that healing begins with a compassionate, supportive relationship where you feel truly heard and understood. My approach to therapy is integrative, blending cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness and trauma informed-care to create a personalized plan that meets your unique needs. I understand that each person's journey is different, and I am committed to providing a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your emotions, build resilience, and find a path forward.
Hi, I'm Jessica, you can call me Jess. I help individuals as young as 6 years old and up navigate through life's challenging moments. I believe that healing begins with a compassionate, supportive relationship where you feel truly heard and understood. My approach to therapy is integrative, blending cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness and trauma informed-care to create a personalized plan that meets your unique needs. I understand that each person's journey is different, and I am committed to providing a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your emotions, build resilience, and find a path forward.
(231) 300-9731 View (231) 300-9731
1

See more therapy options for 49441

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 49441

80+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in 49441 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
71% Self Esteem
71% Stress
69% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
60% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% BlueCross and BlueShield
83% Priority Health
69% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in 49441 see their clients

89% In Person and Online
11% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 49441?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.