Photo of Steven G Haupt, PhD, Psychologist
Steven G Haupt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I see a primary goal of psychotherapy as providing the individual with a sense of empowerment: the belief that you are able to control your own thoughts and actions and through that interact more effectively in social, personal, and occupational arenas. Therapy begins with establing a supportive therapeutic relationship, in which one feels accepted and validated. The specific methods I use vary depending on the nature of the problem and the needs of the client.
I see a primary goal of psychotherapy as providing the individual with a sense of empowerment: the belief that you are able to control your own thoughts and actions and through that interact more effectively in social, personal, and occupational arenas. Therapy begins with establing a supportive therapeutic relationship, in which one feels accepted and validated. The specific methods I use vary depending on the nature of the problem and the needs of the client.
(989) 488-6243 View (989) 488-6243
Photo of Pam Nadzan, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pam Nadzan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48604
Hi there, I'm Pam. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CAADC). My journey in the human services field began over 13 years ago, and it's been an incredibly rewarding path. My career has taken me through various roles - from working in corrections and helping youth in foster care to mental health and substance abuse counseling. I earned my Bachelor's in Family Life Education and my Master's in Counseling from Spring Arbor University. But the real learning came from the life I've lived and the challenges I've faced.
Hi there, I'm Pam. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CAADC). My journey in the human services field began over 13 years ago, and it's been an incredibly rewarding path. My career has taken me through various roles - from working in corrections and helping youth in foster care to mental health and substance abuse counseling. I earned my Bachelor's in Family Life Education and my Master's in Counseling from Spring Arbor University. But the real learning came from the life I've lived and the challenges I've faced.
(989) 474-2969 View (989) 474-2969
Photo of Franklin Sollars - Sollars and Associates, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Sollars and Associates
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I am a licensed psychologist and the clinical director of Sollars and Associates Integrative Counseling and Psychological Services. I have been providing counseling and psychotherapy for over 30 years in the Metro Detroit area and our group practice spans across the state of Michigan. With support, encouragement, and expert insight many people begin to feel better after their first session. Our therapists possess a great deal of experience in evaluating and working with children, adolescents, and families dealing with a variety of issues.
I am a licensed psychologist and the clinical director of Sollars and Associates Integrative Counseling and Psychological Services. I have been providing counseling and psychotherapy for over 30 years in the Metro Detroit area and our group practice spans across the state of Michigan. With support, encouragement, and expert insight many people begin to feel better after their first session. Our therapists possess a great deal of experience in evaluating and working with children, adolescents, and families dealing with a variety of issues.
(989) 646-8361 View (989) 646-8361
Photo of Robert B Miller, EdD, LP, Psychologist
Robert B Miller
Psychologist, EdD, LP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I am a fully licensed psychologist in the state of Michigan and provide comprehensive and compassionate diagnostic and psychological treatment to toddlers, children, and teens and their families. It is my hope that my practice exemplifies the statement, "Nothing you do for children is ever wasted." (G. Keillor).
I am a fully licensed psychologist in the state of Michigan and provide comprehensive and compassionate diagnostic and psychological treatment to toddlers, children, and teens and their families. It is my hope that my practice exemplifies the statement, "Nothing you do for children is ever wasted." (G. Keillor).
(989) 843-2919 View (989) 843-2919
Photo of Michael Knack, PhD, Psychologist
Michael Knack
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I enjoy working with teens, adults, and couples on a variety of issues. I utilize a cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy where we work on identifying problems and the underlying issues. A treatment plan is developed for each client where we set goals and develop strategies to accomplish the goals. I strive to reduce symptoms, improve coping skills, increase awareness, and increase the client's feeling of control over his or her own life situation.
I enjoy working with teens, adults, and couples on a variety of issues. I utilize a cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy where we work on identifying problems and the underlying issues. A treatment plan is developed for each client where we set goals and develop strategies to accomplish the goals. I strive to reduce symptoms, improve coping skills, increase awareness, and increase the client's feeling of control over his or her own life situation.
(989) 642-0529 View (989) 642-0529
Photo of Carl Thomas Rabideau, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carl Thomas Rabideau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I work with clients experiencing a wide range of challenges. Some clients come to me because they have a painful past filled with grief, guilt, or trauma. Some of my clients have challenging current circumstances, like troubled relationships, unfulfilling careers, and addiction to substances and behaviors. Some of my clients come to me because they are bogged down by sticky emotions like depression, anxiety, and anger. Some days I am helping clients speak or compete in front of thousands of people, other days I am helping clients get out of bed to start the day.
I work with clients experiencing a wide range of challenges. Some clients come to me because they have a painful past filled with grief, guilt, or trauma. Some of my clients have challenging current circumstances, like troubled relationships, unfulfilling careers, and addiction to substances and behaviors. Some of my clients come to me because they are bogged down by sticky emotions like depression, anxiety, and anger. Some days I am helping clients speak or compete in front of thousands of people, other days I am helping clients get out of bed to start the day.
(989) 704-6140 View (989) 704-6140
Photo of Gloria Waugh, LPC, ATR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gloria Waugh
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
Gloria Waugh is a Licensed Professional Counselor who received her undergraduate degree in Family Life Education from Spring Arbor University and her Master of Arts in Counseling from Spring Arbor University. She began her career working as an outpatient clinician treating children, teens, adults and families with diverse diagnosis including severe and persistent mental illnesses, mood disorders, bi-polar, schizophrenia, depression, anger, anxiety, ADHD, post-traumatic stress disorders, chronic pain, PMDD, personality disorders and co-occurring disorders.
Gloria Waugh is a Licensed Professional Counselor who received her undergraduate degree in Family Life Education from Spring Arbor University and her Master of Arts in Counseling from Spring Arbor University. She began her career working as an outpatient clinician treating children, teens, adults and families with diverse diagnosis including severe and persistent mental illnesses, mood disorders, bi-polar, schizophrenia, depression, anger, anxiety, ADHD, post-traumatic stress disorders, chronic pain, PMDD, personality disorders and co-occurring disorders.
(989) 303-3879 View (989) 303-3879
Photo of Willie L Hillman, PhD, MA, LLPC, Counselor
Willie L Hillman
Counselor, PhD, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
We are born striving to prosper and grow. We respond to life experiences in ways that will protect us and allow us to cope with our environments. Often, the coping strategies essential at one point in our lives become ineffective-and even maladaptive-at another part of our lives. The therapeutic process allows us to explore patterns created through life experience, and choose healthier, more adaptive ways of coping and being. I approach my work with empathy, respect, and acceptance, creating a safe, supportive, and confidential environment in which to overcome obstacles-and allow for positive growth and lasting change.
We are born striving to prosper and grow. We respond to life experiences in ways that will protect us and allow us to cope with our environments. Often, the coping strategies essential at one point in our lives become ineffective-and even maladaptive-at another part of our lives. The therapeutic process allows us to explore patterns created through life experience, and choose healthier, more adaptive ways of coping and being. I approach my work with empathy, respect, and acceptance, creating a safe, supportive, and confidential environment in which to overcome obstacles-and allow for positive growth and lasting change.
(810) 634-9143 View (810) 634-9143
Photo of Alicia F, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alicia F
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48604
I received my Masters of Social Work degree from Michigan State University and have worked with individuals, families, and children for over 10 years. I am passionate about a whole-person approach and enjoy using Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Emotional Freedom Technique, and Somatic Therapy in my sessions. I specialize in treating trauma and anxiety disorders and use a collaborative, strength-based approach to foster hope, healing, and resilience. I believe that every person is their own "expert" and love watching people build more meaningful and fulfilling lives.
I received my Masters of Social Work degree from Michigan State University and have worked with individuals, families, and children for over 10 years. I am passionate about a whole-person approach and enjoy using Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Emotional Freedom Technique, and Somatic Therapy in my sessions. I specialize in treating trauma and anxiety disorders and use a collaborative, strength-based approach to foster hope, healing, and resilience. I believe that every person is their own "expert" and love watching people build more meaningful and fulfilling lives.
(989) 300-0819 View (989) 300-0819
Photo of Randi Price, LMSW, RPT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Randi Price
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I believe in an empowerment approach, focusing on my client's strengths while also allowing space to focus on processing life's difficulties. My ideal client may have struggles with anxiety, depression, gender identity, autism, life transitions, trauma, and/or behavioral concerns. I typically see children and adolescent ages 6-18.
I believe in an empowerment approach, focusing on my client's strengths while also allowing space to focus on processing life's difficulties. My ideal client may have struggles with anxiety, depression, gender identity, autism, life transitions, trauma, and/or behavioral concerns. I typically see children and adolescent ages 6-18.
(989) 577-5351 View (989) 577-5351
Photo of Tracy Rainey, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tracy Rainey
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I hope to be a help and support to those experiencing anxiety, depression, the effects of trauma, and stress. I also specialize in serving 1st responders and those who have experienced vicarious trauma and work stress. I believe we can resolve or lessen the effects of mental health and life stressors through the therapeutic process. My philosophy is that the act of sharing life experiences with another is a healing process and can often create profound changes in mood management and the resolution of anxiety.
I hope to be a help and support to those experiencing anxiety, depression, the effects of trauma, and stress. I also specialize in serving 1st responders and those who have experienced vicarious trauma and work stress. I believe we can resolve or lessen the effects of mental health and life stressors through the therapeutic process. My philosophy is that the act of sharing life experiences with another is a healing process and can often create profound changes in mood management and the resolution of anxiety.
(989) 445-4195 View (989) 445-4195
Photo of Samantha Schalk, LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samantha Schalk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you in the helping professions or the person everyone turns to for help? Are you taking care of everyone but yourself? I empower individuals in the helping professions and caregivers to reclaim their well-being by prioritizing self-care and authenticity. My integrative approach guides you in identifying and breaking free from the cycle of self-sacrifice, enabling you to embrace the art of saying no and establish healthy boundaries. Together, we embark on a journey of self-discovery, helping you uncover your true self and cultivate a balanced, fulfilling life that honors your needs and aspirations.
Are you in the helping professions or the person everyone turns to for help? Are you taking care of everyone but yourself? I empower individuals in the helping professions and caregivers to reclaim their well-being by prioritizing self-care and authenticity. My integrative approach guides you in identifying and breaking free from the cycle of self-sacrifice, enabling you to embrace the art of saying no and establish healthy boundaries. Together, we embark on a journey of self-discovery, helping you uncover your true self and cultivate a balanced, fulfilling life that honors your needs and aspirations.
(989) 785-9387 View (989) 785-9387
Photo of New Pathways Counseling Services - New Pathways Counseling Services, LLC, LLC, Counselor
New Pathways Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, LLC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
New Pathways founders Jennifer Werries, PhD, LPC, ACS, NCC, EMDR Certified and Thomas Parella, PhD, LPC, and strive to deliver caring, effective treatment in a warm and welcoming environment. Working with a therapist can be a great way to gain new perspectives, explore new options and solutions that may have eluded us, and find ways of getting "unstuck" from situations in which we may have felt helpless. At New Pathways, we view counseling as a collaboration between therapist and client, who work together to understand issues, clarify thoughts and feelings, establish goals, and find ways to achieve a better quality of life.
New Pathways founders Jennifer Werries, PhD, LPC, ACS, NCC, EMDR Certified and Thomas Parella, PhD, LPC, and strive to deliver caring, effective treatment in a warm and welcoming environment. Working with a therapist can be a great way to gain new perspectives, explore new options and solutions that may have eluded us, and find ways of getting "unstuck" from situations in which we may have felt helpless. At New Pathways, we view counseling as a collaboration between therapist and client, who work together to understand issues, clarify thoughts and feelings, establish goals, and find ways to achieve a better quality of life.
(855) 789-4929 View (855) 789-4929
Photo of Michelle Ann Trudell, LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Ann Trudell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life is about balance and balance is not something you find, but something you create. I utilize a variety of different therapy techniques to help individuals, couples, or families improve and grow in their mental health by exploring the imbalance in their life and by focusing on how they can feel better through change. My role as a therapist is NOT to solve problems for people but to help guide them on their journey to find resolution for themselves.
Life is about balance and balance is not something you find, but something you create. I utilize a variety of different therapy techniques to help individuals, couples, or families improve and grow in their mental health by exploring the imbalance in their life and by focusing on how they can feel better through change. My role as a therapist is NOT to solve problems for people but to help guide them on their journey to find resolution for themselves.
(989) 984-6116 View (989) 984-6116
Photo of Tyler Hobbs, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tyler Hobbs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Life can be overwhelming at times due to personal, and existential circumstances. These individual life stressors can leave a person with no time for themselves. Thus, reaching out for help can be a difficult first step.
Life can be overwhelming at times due to personal, and existential circumstances. These individual life stressors can leave a person with no time for themselves. Thus, reaching out for help can be a difficult first step.
(989) 646-8067 View (989) 646-8067
Photo of Anne Marie Brooks, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anne Marie Brooks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Keep It Real Counseling, LLC. Telehealth-therapy from the privacy of your home anywhere in Michigan! I deeply believe in working on individual empowerment! I like to keep it real, as the name of my practice implies. Never worry about saying the wrong thing or think that a topic is off limits. It's not and you will NEVER be judged by me! You are special and welcome to simply BE YOU! I build therapeutic relationships with my clients very quickly and I like to have a little fun while we work! Call or text me to find out how I can be of service to you. I'm looking forward to working with you!
Keep It Real Counseling, LLC. Telehealth-therapy from the privacy of your home anywhere in Michigan! I deeply believe in working on individual empowerment! I like to keep it real, as the name of my practice implies. Never worry about saying the wrong thing or think that a topic is off limits. It's not and you will NEVER be judged by me! You are special and welcome to simply BE YOU! I build therapeutic relationships with my clients very quickly and I like to have a little fun while we work! Call or text me to find out how I can be of service to you. I'm looking forward to working with you!
(989) 304-3173 View (989) 304-3173
Photo of Lisa R Walker - Quilted Rose Clinical Services, PLLC, PsyD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Quilted Rose Clinical Services, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Dr. Walker, a native Detroiter, created Quilted Rose Clinical Services, PLLC out of a need for highly skilled Black clinicians expressly trained in social justice and trauma-focused treatment modalities. Dr. Walker works with all Black (BIPOC) people. She works collaboratively to facilitate growth in individuals struggling with trauma (car accidents, sexual abuse, ipv...) severe stress, depression, anxiety, major life transitions (divorce, recovering from the "sunken place," going away to college...) and stopping the cycle of unhealthy relationships all while maintaining within a society which thrives on systemic oppression.
Dr. Walker, a native Detroiter, created Quilted Rose Clinical Services, PLLC out of a need for highly skilled Black clinicians expressly trained in social justice and trauma-focused treatment modalities. Dr. Walker works with all Black (BIPOC) people. She works collaboratively to facilitate growth in individuals struggling with trauma (car accidents, sexual abuse, ipv...) severe stress, depression, anxiety, major life transitions (divorce, recovering from the "sunken place," going away to college...) and stopping the cycle of unhealthy relationships all while maintaining within a society which thrives on systemic oppression.
View

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Madeline Dooley, LLMSW, CADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Madeline Dooley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Throughout my academic and professional journey, I have been privileged to work with diverse individuals facing a wide range of issues, from anxiety and depression to trauma and addiction. I also have experience in working with individuals going through various life adjustments, transitions and grief. These experiences have deepened my understanding of the multifaceted nature of mental health and reinforced my belief in the importance of personalized, holistic approaches to therapy.
Throughout my academic and professional journey, I have been privileged to work with diverse individuals facing a wide range of issues, from anxiety and depression to trauma and addiction. I also have experience in working with individuals going through various life adjustments, transitions and grief. These experiences have deepened my understanding of the multifaceted nature of mental health and reinforced my belief in the importance of personalized, holistic approaches to therapy.
(989) 601-3804 View (989) 601-3804
Photo of Deirdre Myers, MA, LLC, LAPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Deirdre Myers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLC, LAPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You are feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, rumination, or past trauma, unsure how to break free. You’re looking for a safe space where you can be heard, understood, and supported—someone who can help you heal, regain control, and reconnect with yourself. Your goal is to find peace, clarity, and hope, and move forward with renewed strength and confidence. I’m passionate about helping others and have spent the last five years guiding clients through anxiety, trauma, depression, and more. I’m here to listen without judgment and help find your path towards growth and lasting change. Together, we can make progress toward a brighter future.
You are feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, rumination, or past trauma, unsure how to break free. You’re looking for a safe space where you can be heard, understood, and supported—someone who can help you heal, regain control, and reconnect with yourself. Your goal is to find peace, clarity, and hope, and move forward with renewed strength and confidence. I’m passionate about helping others and have spent the last five years guiding clients through anxiety, trauma, depression, and more. I’m here to listen without judgment and help find your path towards growth and lasting change. Together, we can make progress toward a brighter future.
(989) 461-3883 View (989) 461-3883
Photo of Jennifer Small, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Small
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, I’m Jennifer. Life can be a lot sometimes. Maybe you’re dealing with grief after losing someone close, struggling with anxiety that never seems to quiet down, or feeling stuck in a fog of depression. You might have an inner voice that’s constantly criticizing you, making it hard to feel good about yourself. You’re not alone, and you don’t have to figure it all out by yourself. I’ve spent over a decade as a social worker, supporting people through some of life’s hardest moments—hospice care, chronic illness, and the emotional challenges that come with them.
Hi, I’m Jennifer. Life can be a lot sometimes. Maybe you’re dealing with grief after losing someone close, struggling with anxiety that never seems to quiet down, or feeling stuck in a fog of depression. You might have an inner voice that’s constantly criticizing you, making it hard to feel good about yourself. You’re not alone, and you don’t have to figure it all out by yourself. I’ve spent over a decade as a social worker, supporting people through some of life’s hardest moments—hospice care, chronic illness, and the emotional challenges that come with them.
(989) 575-3317 View (989) 575-3317

See more therapy options for 48604

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 48604

10+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in 48604 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
83% Trauma and PTSD
83% Coping Skills
78% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
72% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% BlueCross and BlueShield
64% Blue Care Network
57% Aetna

How Therapists in 48604 see their clients

89% In Person and Online
11% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
28% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 48604?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.