Therapists in Indianapolis, IN

View neighborhoods in Indianapolis
Photo of Doshia Fifer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Doshia Fifer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCATP
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46208
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in working with clients who are experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. My client population is individuals who have experienced or are experiencing trauma, grief/loss, anxiety, depression, or life changes. I also offer Christian Counseling Services for those who want to include faith in their therapeutic process.
I specialize in working with clients who are experiencing symptoms of anxiety and depression. My client population is individuals who have experienced or are experiencing trauma, grief/loss, anxiety, depression, or life changes. I also offer Christian Counseling Services for those who want to include faith in their therapeutic process.
(317) 342-5904 View (317) 342-5904
Photo of Thelma Moore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Thelma Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAC
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46203  (Online Only)
At times throughout our lives we may find ourselves feeling lost or confused due to sudden changes, uncertainty, or the inability to move forward. Understanding who and what shaped our lives as well as how those influences continue to impact us is empowering. Therapy is an excellent way to clarify our thoughts and understand our emotions in order to reach a healthy life balance. It can help us move from feeling helpless or hopeless to developing insight, daring, and resilience. The therapeutic process can instill a level of self-confidence and self-awareness inspiring us to become our ideal self.
At times throughout our lives we may find ourselves feeling lost or confused due to sudden changes, uncertainty, or the inability to move forward. Understanding who and what shaped our lives as well as how those influences continue to impact us is empowering. Therapy is an excellent way to clarify our thoughts and understand our emotions in order to reach a healthy life balance. It can help us move from feeling helpless or hopeless to developing insight, daring, and resilience. The therapeutic process can instill a level of self-confidence and self-awareness inspiring us to become our ideal self.
(317) 768-0656 View (317) 768-0656
Photo of Michael D Pisano, Psychologist in Indianapolis, IN
Michael D Pisano
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46268
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with extensive experience with a wide variety of adult patients. In both inpatient and outpatient practice I have endeavored to provide effective research-based therapy to patients with widely varying issues and needs. My mission is to help you reduce distress and pain by coping better with past troubling events and relationships, improving your current functioning and life satisfaction, and clarifying and reaching your goals. Your thoughts, feelings, and actions are our starting point as we focus on effective self-care, healthy relationships, and increased happiness.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with extensive experience with a wide variety of adult patients. In both inpatient and outpatient practice I have endeavored to provide effective research-based therapy to patients with widely varying issues and needs. My mission is to help you reduce distress and pain by coping better with past troubling events and relationships, improving your current functioning and life satisfaction, and clarifying and reaching your goals. Your thoughts, feelings, and actions are our starting point as we focus on effective self-care, healthy relationships, and increased happiness.
(317) 608-5189 View (317) 608-5189
Photo of Louise Walker Loving Polansky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Louise Walker Loving Polansky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMHC, LCAC, MA
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46220
My therapeutic focus is on helping clients identify and take responsibility for addressing issues ranging from minor life adjustment problems to serious mental health conditions based in brain chemistry deficits. Licensed as a clinical social worker since 1993, I have worked in the behavioral health field since 1979 in a variety of mental health and addictions-focused settings, including inpatient/hospital, intensive outpatient, outpatient, and educational programs. I also have an LMHC and an LCAC. I consider it an honor to work with clients courageous enough to ask for and accept help in meeting life's challenges.
My therapeutic focus is on helping clients identify and take responsibility for addressing issues ranging from minor life adjustment problems to serious mental health conditions based in brain chemistry deficits. Licensed as a clinical social worker since 1993, I have worked in the behavioral health field since 1979 in a variety of mental health and addictions-focused settings, including inpatient/hospital, intensive outpatient, outpatient, and educational programs. I also have an LMHC and an LCAC. I consider it an honor to work with clients courageous enough to ask for and accept help in meeting life's challenges.
(317) 730-2039 View (317) 730-2039
Photo of Camecia Lawson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Indianapolis, IN
Camecia Lawson
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46203
Attention Young Adults! Are you struggling with parents who still want to treat you like you're a teenager? You've handled the pressure of school, work, and relationships, but don't seem to get credit from the people who claim to know you best. Adulting is hard! I've had the pleasure of supporting young adults and families for many years, but I'm still young enough to remember what that was like. If you're going through big life changes and looking for support from someone who's NOT your parent, reach out today. I love working with people of diverse backgrounds, values, and perspectives, so rest assured I want to hear your story.
Attention Young Adults! Are you struggling with parents who still want to treat you like you're a teenager? You've handled the pressure of school, work, and relationships, but don't seem to get credit from the people who claim to know you best. Adulting is hard! I've had the pleasure of supporting young adults and families for many years, but I'm still young enough to remember what that was like. If you're going through big life changes and looking for support from someone who's NOT your parent, reach out today. I love working with people of diverse backgrounds, values, and perspectives, so rest assured I want to hear your story.
(463) 466-5381 View (463) 466-5381
Photo of Quanik Hunter, Pre-Licensed Professional in Indianapolis, IN
Quanik Hunter
Pre-Licensed Professional, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220  (Online Only)
Seeking help is the first step in the healing process. I understand the strength it takes to ask for help and attempt to move forward. Life can be challenging at times. During those times it can be difficult to understand what is happening around you. Having someone to help you through those challenges can be pivotal for change.
Seeking help is the first step in the healing process. I understand the strength it takes to ask for help and attempt to move forward. Life can be challenging at times. During those times it can be difficult to understand what is happening around you. Having someone to help you through those challenges can be pivotal for change.
(317) 483-8117 View (317) 483-8117
Photo of Ben Wyatt, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Ben Wyatt
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46240
Are you looking to make long-lasting changes in your life? Maybe you're feeling things that you don't understand. Maybe you are noticing painful patterns in your life that seem to be repeating themselves. Maybe feelings of depression and anxiety have crept up on you, and you don't know how to make them stop. Maybe you're in a relationship that isn't right for you. Maybe you don't even know what "right for you" is. Maybe you're a caregiver who is trying to find some peace and calm in the middle of your stress. Or maybe you're just wondering if life is really supposed to be this hard. If that sounds like you, I think I can help.
Are you looking to make long-lasting changes in your life? Maybe you're feeling things that you don't understand. Maybe you are noticing painful patterns in your life that seem to be repeating themselves. Maybe feelings of depression and anxiety have crept up on you, and you don't know how to make them stop. Maybe you're in a relationship that isn't right for you. Maybe you don't even know what "right for you" is. Maybe you're a caregiver who is trying to find some peace and calm in the middle of your stress. Or maybe you're just wondering if life is really supposed to be this hard. If that sounds like you, I think I can help.
(317) 597-4859 View (317) 597-4859
Photo of Arin Gardner, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Arin Gardner
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46205  (Online Only)
Effective counseling is all about connection. We seek to be understood, to be known, and to share life with someone else. Counseling provides a safe place to try out ways of connecting with another person, with ourselves, and with our world without fear of hurting others or our own reputation in the process. The majority of my clients come to me wanting to work on navigating life with differences of gender identity and sexuality; taking time to share in a safe place is vitally important.
Effective counseling is all about connection. We seek to be understood, to be known, and to share life with someone else. Counseling provides a safe place to try out ways of connecting with another person, with ourselves, and with our world without fear of hurting others or our own reputation in the process. The majority of my clients come to me wanting to work on navigating life with differences of gender identity and sexuality; taking time to share in a safe place is vitally important.
(317) 659-7363 View (317) 659-7363
Photo of Ellyn Vogel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Ellyn Vogel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46241  (Online Only)
Hello! I am currently offering Telehealth and phone sessions. Are you interested in personal growth and healing? I believe one of the greatest gifts you can give yourself is having the courage to look inward, while being compassionate with yourself so you can begin to move forward. I have been working with people for over 20 years towards (re)gaining mental and physical health through lifestyle approaches to wellness. I offer a research-based holistic approach, which looks at the whole person, while also integrating various therapeutic techniques to help you reach the deepest healing possible.
Hello! I am currently offering Telehealth and phone sessions. Are you interested in personal growth and healing? I believe one of the greatest gifts you can give yourself is having the courage to look inward, while being compassionate with yourself so you can begin to move forward. I have been working with people for over 20 years towards (re)gaining mental and physical health through lifestyle approaches to wellness. I offer a research-based holistic approach, which looks at the whole person, while also integrating various therapeutic techniques to help you reach the deepest healing possible.
(317) 342-0482 View (317) 342-0482
Photo of Hazel Owens, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Hazel Owens
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Sometimes the journey of life can take us to places where we don’t want to be. That place can leave us feeling scared, isolated, anxious, hurt, traumatized, and disconnected from those we care about. It is a complete joy and honor to journey with clients as they work towards journeying towards the life they prefer. I believe the client is the expert of their own life and I get to help them navigate the complexities of life and relationships.
Sometimes the journey of life can take us to places where we don’t want to be. That place can leave us feeling scared, isolated, anxious, hurt, traumatized, and disconnected from those we care about. It is a complete joy and honor to journey with clients as they work towards journeying towards the life they prefer. I believe the client is the expert of their own life and I get to help them navigate the complexities of life and relationships.
(317) 754-2991 View (317) 754-2991
Photo of InTouch Christian Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
InTouch Christian Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46280  (Online Only)
Hi there, I'm Pamelia. Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed, anxious, and/or sad? Feeling as if you are unable to make it through the day, that there are not enough hours in the day? Are you struggling to maintain a good work/life/family balance? I have counseled across the board, my specialty lies in assisting clients that are suffering from depression and/or anxiety. I also have helped clients with chronic pain, mood disorders as well as our military personnel that have been deployed. Although I have counseled children and teens, my expertise lies with adults and older adults.
Hi there, I'm Pamelia. Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed, anxious, and/or sad? Feeling as if you are unable to make it through the day, that there are not enough hours in the day? Are you struggling to maintain a good work/life/family balance? I have counseled across the board, my specialty lies in assisting clients that are suffering from depression and/or anxiety. I also have helped clients with chronic pain, mood disorders as well as our military personnel that have been deployed. Although I have counseled children and teens, my expertise lies with adults and older adults.
(317) 215-5884 View (317) 215-5884
Photo of Shawn Haymaker, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Shawn Haymaker
Counselor, MA, LMHC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Hello, I am especially skilled in working with adolescents and children aged five-years-old and up, I have helped young people create healthy coping skills, improve communication with their parents, ADHD, ODD and defiant behaviors, ease adjustment issues, and more.
Hello, I am especially skilled in working with adolescents and children aged five-years-old and up, I have helped young people create healthy coping skills, improve communication with their parents, ADHD, ODD and defiant behaviors, ease adjustment issues, and more.
(317) 790-2650 View (317) 790-2650
Photo of Mallory Carr, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Mallory Carr
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46260
I specialize in working with adolescents, college students, and young adults. I have been working with clients for over 10 years to address stress, anxiety, family challenges, and more. My goal is to provide a trusting, authentic, and collaborative relationship, where my clients feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and feelings in a nonjudgmental environment. I enjoy using humor in sessions as a way of connecting with my clients and coping with the tough stuff.
I specialize in working with adolescents, college students, and young adults. I have been working with clients for over 10 years to address stress, anxiety, family challenges, and more. My goal is to provide a trusting, authentic, and collaborative relationship, where my clients feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and feelings in a nonjudgmental environment. I enjoy using humor in sessions as a way of connecting with my clients and coping with the tough stuff.
(317) 286-4080 View (317) 286-4080
Photo of Nina Onesti in Indianapolis, IN
Nina Onesti
MSEd, NCC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46229
Life can be difficult and messy. Everyday, we try to do our best, sometimes our best doesn't look so good, and that's OK. Everyone deserves to have someone to talk to that can lend an objective ear to any and all things that are going on in your life, without judgement. My goal is to create an open environment for people of all ages, faiths, creeds, ethnicities, sexualities, identities, and backgrounds, to come and share their life in a safe place. Whether you are experiencing highs or lows, I am here to help you cope with and process personal and external stressors in your life, unexpected events, and much more.
Life can be difficult and messy. Everyday, we try to do our best, sometimes our best doesn't look so good, and that's OK. Everyone deserves to have someone to talk to that can lend an objective ear to any and all things that are going on in your life, without judgement. My goal is to create an open environment for people of all ages, faiths, creeds, ethnicities, sexualities, identities, and backgrounds, to come and share their life in a safe place. Whether you are experiencing highs or lows, I am here to help you cope with and process personal and external stressors in your life, unexpected events, and much more.
View
Photo of Ciara B, Counselor in Indianapolis, IN
Ciara B
Counselor, MS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46229  (Online Only)
Openings (VIRTUAL): Tues: 12P,(biweekly) 2P, 3P, 4P, Wed: 12P, 1P Thurs: 11A Therapy unfortunately has a negative stigma. Due to this stigma, people are robbed out of their chances to reach their full potential and quality of life, because there is a fear of being judged, a fear of being misunderstood..and most importantly- the fear of addressing our deepest emotions, thoughts, & experiences. The thought of therapy may be anxiety provoking. As your therapist you will have a choice, you will be heard, you won’t be alone. Allow me to provide the supportive environment you deserve to reach your full potential and ideal quality of life.
Openings (VIRTUAL): Tues: 12P,(biweekly) 2P, 3P, 4P, Wed: 12P, 1P Thurs: 11A Therapy unfortunately has a negative stigma. Due to this stigma, people are robbed out of their chances to reach their full potential and quality of life, because there is a fear of being judged, a fear of being misunderstood..and most importantly- the fear of addressing our deepest emotions, thoughts, & experiences. The thought of therapy may be anxiety provoking. As your therapist you will have a choice, you will be heard, you won’t be alone. Allow me to provide the supportive environment you deserve to reach your full potential and ideal quality of life.
(463) 345-4373 View (463) 345-4373
Photo of Dr. Susan Birndorf, Psychologist in Indianapolis, IN
Dr. Susan Birndorf
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46208  (Online Only)
Choosing to see a therapist is not always an easy decision. It is often hard to imagine sharing difficult, painful or shameful feelings with a stranger. Choosing to see a therapist is also a brave decision, filled with possibility. As an experienced clinical psychologist, licensed in Michigan and Indiana, I believe that therapy is most effective when it is a collaborative effort, in which client and therapist work together to know and understand the strengths and challenges that confront the client every day. Therapy is the work of knowing oneself and then setting out to manage these discoveries effectively.
Choosing to see a therapist is not always an easy decision. It is often hard to imagine sharing difficult, painful or shameful feelings with a stranger. Choosing to see a therapist is also a brave decision, filled with possibility. As an experienced clinical psychologist, licensed in Michigan and Indiana, I believe that therapy is most effective when it is a collaborative effort, in which client and therapist work together to know and understand the strengths and challenges that confront the client every day. Therapy is the work of knowing oneself and then setting out to manage these discoveries effectively.
(248) 227-2117 View (248) 227-2117
Photo of Menan M Assefa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Menan M Assefa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46220
I nurture a deep love and appreciation for the complexity, diversity and resiliency of the human spirit and believe, unequivocally, in the healing power of connection and hope. My focus is on meeting each client where they are by creating a safe space to facilitate meaningful interactions. Through my own identity development journey as a mixed-race woman, I have learned how to value my own story and how that impacts my therapeutic lens. It is my belief that knowing ourselves allows us to know how to more deeply and intimately hold space for others.
I nurture a deep love and appreciation for the complexity, diversity and resiliency of the human spirit and believe, unequivocally, in the healing power of connection and hope. My focus is on meeting each client where they are by creating a safe space to facilitate meaningful interactions. Through my own identity development journey as a mixed-race woman, I have learned how to value my own story and how that impacts my therapeutic lens. It is my belief that knowing ourselves allows us to know how to more deeply and intimately hold space for others.
(615) 395-6354 View (615) 395-6354
Photo of Mark B Pardue, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Mark B Pardue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46220
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I'm Mark Pardue, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges. Since 2014, I've been committed to fostering positive change through evidence-based therapies like ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), CBT (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy), and motivational interviewing. My specialized areas include ADHD, addictions and long-term recovery, Men's issues, Gender issues, anxiety, and depression. In my practice, I firmly believe in a client-centered and solutions-focused approach.
Hello, I'm Mark Pardue, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges. Since 2014, I've been committed to fostering positive change through evidence-based therapies like ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), CBT (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy), and motivational interviewing. My specialized areas include ADHD, addictions and long-term recovery, Men's issues, Gender issues, anxiety, and depression. In my practice, I firmly believe in a client-centered and solutions-focused approach.
(317) 699-4240 View (317) 699-4240
Photo of Nathan Guth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Nathan Guth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46217
I have immediate openings. Let's grab some coffee and talk about life!
I have immediate openings. Let's grab some coffee and talk about life!
(317) 754-8607 View (317) 754-8607
Photo of Lakyn Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indianapolis, IN
Lakyn Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46202  (Online Only)
If you find it difficult to make or keep connections and experience loneliness regularly as a result, or if you know you want to experience a change, but aren't sure where to start, I would love to help you. Together, we will work on strategies that allow you to address the root causes of your difficulties and build meaningful social connections. I feel passionately about a person feeling empowered to be their best self.
If you find it difficult to make or keep connections and experience loneliness regularly as a result, or if you know you want to experience a change, but aren't sure where to start, I would love to help you. Together, we will work on strategies that allow you to address the root causes of your difficulties and build meaningful social connections. I feel passionately about a person feeling empowered to be their best self.
(317) 836-0587 View (317) 836-0587

See more therapy options for Indianapolis

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Indianapolis, IN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Indianapolis, IN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Relationship Issues
65% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Anthem | Elevance
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Indianapolis, IN see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Indianapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.