Therapists in Cincinnati, OH

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Photo of Leanue Bolo, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Leanue Bolo
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45227
Participating in work, family life and daily tasks can be exhausting when dealing with mental and emotional distress. The fear of seeking assistance can often make matters worse. By providing a warm therapeutic style, I empower patients to feel safe, comfortable, and confident as we explore areas of concern. I emphasize building awareness of emotions, choices, and behaviors that can create difficult patterns of functioning. Together we will focus on developing greater mental and emotional self-awareness. Through supportive therapeutic intervention, I encourage patients to challenge themselves and to improve their quality of life.
Participating in work, family life and daily tasks can be exhausting when dealing with mental and emotional distress. The fear of seeking assistance can often make matters worse. By providing a warm therapeutic style, I empower patients to feel safe, comfortable, and confident as we explore areas of concern. I emphasize building awareness of emotions, choices, and behaviors that can create difficult patterns of functioning. Together we will focus on developing greater mental and emotional self-awareness. Through supportive therapeutic intervention, I encourage patients to challenge themselves and to improve their quality of life.
(513) 540-3599 View (513) 540-3599
Photo of Dave Payne, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Dave Payne
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45201  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Dave! I am passionate about helping adults with ADHD, anxiety, & depression learn to lead more fulfilling lives. I know first-hand how it feels to live with these conditions, which means I can help you learn realistic and attainable ways to improve your quality of life. I offer sincere empathy for your situation while also helping you challenge yourself to make improvements in your day-to-day living. While simply talking about your problems can help decrease the intensity of your anxiety and depression, what’s even more helpful is to learn about how your mind works and how to handle tough issues when they come up.
Hi, I’m Dave! I am passionate about helping adults with ADHD, anxiety, & depression learn to lead more fulfilling lives. I know first-hand how it feels to live with these conditions, which means I can help you learn realistic and attainable ways to improve your quality of life. I offer sincere empathy for your situation while also helping you challenge yourself to make improvements in your day-to-day living. While simply talking about your problems can help decrease the intensity of your anxiety and depression, what’s even more helpful is to learn about how your mind works and how to handle tough issues when they come up.
(513) 647-9799 View (513) 647-9799
Photo of Nathan Fite in Cincinnati, OH
Nathan Fite
Directo, PhD
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45249
If you or your child are suffering from an OCD or an anxiety disorder you are not alone. Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness and yet most sufferers do not have access effective treatment. The good news is that if you or your loved one is troubled with unwanted thoughts or worries, physical symptoms due to anxiety, perfectionism, phobias, health fears, or any other anxiety there is help. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and more specifically exposure therapy has repeatedly shown to be the most effective approach for defeating anxiety and OCD.
If you or your child are suffering from an OCD or an anxiety disorder you are not alone. Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness and yet most sufferers do not have access effective treatment. The good news is that if you or your loved one is troubled with unwanted thoughts or worries, physical symptoms due to anxiety, perfectionism, phobias, health fears, or any other anxiety there is help. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and more specifically exposure therapy has repeatedly shown to be the most effective approach for defeating anxiety and OCD.
(513) 547-2861 View (513) 547-2861
Photo of Devida Crawford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Devida Crawford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45202  (Online Only)
If you are always trying to be normal you will never know how amazing you can be" Maya Angelou Do you ever wish your parents understood you or knew where you were coming from? Do you wish your friends would get you and listen? Is it hard to be just yourself without the judgments of others? I help empower others to become the best versions of themselves. Together we can identify ways to manage and cope with just life.
If you are always trying to be normal you will never know how amazing you can be" Maya Angelou Do you ever wish your parents understood you or knew where you were coming from? Do you wish your friends would get you and listen? Is it hard to be just yourself without the judgments of others? I help empower others to become the best versions of themselves. Together we can identify ways to manage and cope with just life.
(513) 506-2075 View (513) 506-2075
Photo of Carolina Ehlinger, Psychologist in Cincinnati, OH
Carolina Ehlinger
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45206  (Online Only)
Coping with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can feel next to impossible. You might feel out of control in your own life. You react emotionally to situations and later regret your actions. Your world might have gotten smaller and smaller as you feel like you can’t connect with others, or feel less safe in your surroundings. You want to create a life with meaning that you enjoy living, but you don't know how.
Coping with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can feel next to impossible. You might feel out of control in your own life. You react emotionally to situations and later regret your actions. Your world might have gotten smaller and smaller as you feel like you can’t connect with others, or feel less safe in your surroundings. You want to create a life with meaning that you enjoy living, but you don't know how.
(513) 796-5855 View (513) 796-5855
Photo of James Thomas Binder in Cincinnati, OH
James Thomas Binder
MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45220
Welcome. Are you are part of a couple who is experiencing hurt, disappointment, anxiety and pain as a result of trying to talk to your partner about something that matters to you? Maybe it is the children, the in-laws, role division, finances. Whatever the topic, you don't seem to be able to get past your differences and get your partner to understand your perspective. Maybe you have even developed a repeated and negative cycle and feel disconnected and frustrated with your partner.
Welcome. Are you are part of a couple who is experiencing hurt, disappointment, anxiety and pain as a result of trying to talk to your partner about something that matters to you? Maybe it is the children, the in-laws, role division, finances. Whatever the topic, you don't seem to be able to get past your differences and get your partner to understand your perspective. Maybe you have even developed a repeated and negative cycle and feel disconnected and frustrated with your partner.
(681) 578-5319 View (681) 578-5319
Photo of Angela Barber Joiner, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Angela Barber Joiner
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45255
Empowering individuals to live their best life is my objective as a counselor. Together we will discover tools and strategies that will provide support in dealing with life-stressors and challenges. These tools and strategies will promote a greater level of emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self-regulation, internal motivation, empathy and social skills). Through my extensive training, knowledge, therapeutic successes and life experiences, I am confident that I can help you see and reach for the best in yourself and overcome the many obstacles that life may bring.
Empowering individuals to live their best life is my objective as a counselor. Together we will discover tools and strategies that will provide support in dealing with life-stressors and challenges. These tools and strategies will promote a greater level of emotional intelligence (self-awareness, self-regulation, internal motivation, empathy and social skills). Through my extensive training, knowledge, therapeutic successes and life experiences, I am confident that I can help you see and reach for the best in yourself and overcome the many obstacles that life may bring.
(513) 802-9473 View (513) 802-9473
Photo of LifeWay Counseling Centers, Psychologist in Cincinnati, OH
LifeWay Counseling Centers
Psychologist, PhD, MD, LPCC, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45242
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, or other difficult situations? We can help you find hope, reach your goals, and enjoy the abundance of life for which you were created. Contact us today to schdeule your first apointment, where we help you find the right therapist for you.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship difficulties, or other difficult situations? We can help you find hope, reach your goals, and enjoy the abundance of life for which you were created. Contact us today to schdeule your first apointment, where we help you find the right therapist for you.
(513) 769-4600 View (513) 769-4600
Photo of Brian Spears, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Brian Spears
Counselor, PCC, LICDC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45236
I offer a professional approach for couples, families and individuals looking for lasting results. I have specialized training in marriage therapy, solution focused brief therapy and motivational methods. I specialize in relationship difficulties in general, and issues related to infidelity. I provide mental health counseling from a faith-based perspective for a variety of issues, marriage and relationship counseling, helping individuals discover lasting freedom from addiction and recovery from trauma and abuse. I am a licensed chemical dependency counselor. I work with individuals and couples as they navigate the process of recovery from chemical addictions and substance use disorders.
I offer a professional approach for couples, families and individuals looking for lasting results. I have specialized training in marriage therapy, solution focused brief therapy and motivational methods. I specialize in relationship difficulties in general, and issues related to infidelity. I provide mental health counseling from a faith-based perspective for a variety of issues, marriage and relationship counseling, helping individuals discover lasting freedom from addiction and recovery from trauma and abuse. I am a licensed chemical dependency counselor. I work with individuals and couples as they navigate the process of recovery from chemical addictions and substance use disorders.
(513) 572-2696 View (513) 572-2696
Photo of Paige Liette, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Paige Liette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45227  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Paige Liette, an Independently Licensed Social Worker in the state of Ohio. Throughout my career, I've gained valuable experience working with children, adults, and families in community mental health and hospital settings. My work has involved intensive interventions with individuals, groups, and families. As an adjunct professor at a local university, I also enjoy guiding students in exploring their career and life options. My passion lies in assisting people navigate life transitions, manage stressors, and address relational challenges.
Hello! I'm Paige Liette, an Independently Licensed Social Worker in the state of Ohio. Throughout my career, I've gained valuable experience working with children, adults, and families in community mental health and hospital settings. My work has involved intensive interventions with individuals, groups, and families. As an adjunct professor at a local university, I also enjoy guiding students in exploring their career and life options. My passion lies in assisting people navigate life transitions, manage stressors, and address relational challenges.
(513) 647-1119 View (513) 647-1119
Photo of Heather Marie Curtis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Heather Marie Curtis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45207
Heather Curtis is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2012. She attended University of California- Santa Cruz where she completed her B.A. in History of Art and Visual Culture. She then moved on to Notre Dame De Namur University in Belmont, CA for Marriage and Family Therapy and Art Therapy. Heather’s work is centered around utilizing art and creative expression to enhance the therapeutic relationship and exploration of mental health symptoms to help the client meet their goals.
Heather Curtis is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2012. She attended University of California- Santa Cruz where she completed her B.A. in History of Art and Visual Culture. She then moved on to Notre Dame De Namur University in Belmont, CA for Marriage and Family Therapy and Art Therapy. Heather’s work is centered around utilizing art and creative expression to enhance the therapeutic relationship and exploration of mental health symptoms to help the client meet their goals.
(513) 647-4529 View (513) 647-4529
Photo of Matt Brown in Cincinnati, OH
Matt Brown
MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45242
I enjoy being able to use my skills and training to help people who are hurting, whether they are experiencing things such as depression, anxiety, grief, or relationship issues. I aim to deeply connect with my clients and understand their feelings, as well as whatever situation they find themselves in. I accept them exactly where they are, and I work to understand where they want to go as part of therapy. I do my best to walk with them through that journey, whether it is resolving deep conflict that defines a broken relationship or dealing with the heaviness of depression, anxiety, or other issues.
I enjoy being able to use my skills and training to help people who are hurting, whether they are experiencing things such as depression, anxiety, grief, or relationship issues. I aim to deeply connect with my clients and understand their feelings, as well as whatever situation they find themselves in. I accept them exactly where they are, and I work to understand where they want to go as part of therapy. I do my best to walk with them through that journey, whether it is resolving deep conflict that defines a broken relationship or dealing with the heaviness of depression, anxiety, or other issues.
(513) 466-0742 View (513) 466-0742
Photo of Dr. Stephen J. Boyd Ph.D And Associates, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Dr. Stephen J. Boyd Ph.D And Associates
Counselor, LPCC-S, FAAMFT, FAAPC
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45255
Right now may be your time. The time when you're confronted with a crisis, a lack of direction, a sense of emptiness, a life being unfulfilled. I help individuals, couples, and families reach a new level of personal and spiritual growth. By developing your spiritual strength you'll be able to overcome what is now considered impossible to achieve. Let's talk about what God has in store for you. Through assessments, analysis, and spiritual guidance, me and my associates can help you achieve your professional goals and revitalize relationships.
Right now may be your time. The time when you're confronted with a crisis, a lack of direction, a sense of emptiness, a life being unfulfilled. I help individuals, couples, and families reach a new level of personal and spiritual growth. By developing your spiritual strength you'll be able to overcome what is now considered impossible to achieve. Let's talk about what God has in store for you. Through assessments, analysis, and spiritual guidance, me and my associates can help you achieve your professional goals and revitalize relationships.
(513) 817-0419 View (513) 817-0419
Photo of Susan R Kleinhenz, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Susan R Kleinhenz
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45206
I am dedicated to working with clients who are struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or stress in their lives. As such, I will meet you where you are in your pursuit to live an emotionally well-balanced, mindful, and more peaceful life. I integrate a variety of evidence-based therapies to help you clear emotional roadblocks, so you can gain new perspectives and see yourself in a new light. During more than 14 years of clinical practice, my style has been strengths-based and empathetic, with a splash of warm-hearted humor.
I am dedicated to working with clients who are struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or stress in their lives. As such, I will meet you where you are in your pursuit to live an emotionally well-balanced, mindful, and more peaceful life. I integrate a variety of evidence-based therapies to help you clear emotional roadblocks, so you can gain new perspectives and see yourself in a new light. During more than 14 years of clinical practice, my style has been strengths-based and empathetic, with a splash of warm-hearted humor.
(513) 572-8796 View (513) 572-8796
Photo of Julia Fabrizi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Julia Fabrizi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45255
Hi! I'm Julia and I graduated with my Master's in Social Work from Miami University in May 2023. I am currently working as a Licensed Social Worker at Integrative Counseling Solutions. In graduate school, I provided counseling to nursing home residents which expanded my knowledge of grief, mood disorders, social policies affecting health care, and challenges faced by older adult residents. While I enjoyed working with the older population, my current role has allowed me experience the joys of working with adolescent and adults of all ages.
Hi! I'm Julia and I graduated with my Master's in Social Work from Miami University in May 2023. I am currently working as a Licensed Social Worker at Integrative Counseling Solutions. In graduate school, I provided counseling to nursing home residents which expanded my knowledge of grief, mood disorders, social policies affecting health care, and challenges faced by older adult residents. While I enjoyed working with the older population, my current role has allowed me experience the joys of working with adolescent and adults of all ages.
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Photo of Helen E Magers, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Helen E Magers
Counselor, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45208
I am trained in EMDR and work successfully with patients who suffer from traumatic experiences. I have extensive experience in the treatment of substance abuse and addictions. I enjoy working with both men, women and teens. I believe clients have the answers to their problems and the job of a therapist is to assist them in discovering the answers.
I am trained in EMDR and work successfully with patients who suffer from traumatic experiences. I have extensive experience in the treatment of substance abuse and addictions. I enjoy working with both men, women and teens. I believe clients have the answers to their problems and the job of a therapist is to assist them in discovering the answers.
(513) 655-6005 View (513) 655-6005
David Jennings
Counselor, LPCC, LICDC, CEAP
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45255
As a Premier Counseling and Coaching Services Provider, I am passionate about providing counseling services to clientele. Through our diverse journey in life there are stories related to managing daily living situations and events. Stress may occur around individuals, couples, families, addiction, health, work or school situations. These stressors can come in all directions which has a ripple effect on daily life functions and emotional well being. Confidential Counseling with a Professional Clinical Counselor can help reduce stress, anxiety, depression and enhance coping skills and strengthen relationships.
As a Premier Counseling and Coaching Services Provider, I am passionate about providing counseling services to clientele. Through our diverse journey in life there are stories related to managing daily living situations and events. Stress may occur around individuals, couples, families, addiction, health, work or school situations. These stressors can come in all directions which has a ripple effect on daily life functions and emotional well being. Confidential Counseling with a Professional Clinical Counselor can help reduce stress, anxiety, depression and enhance coping skills and strengthen relationships.
(513) 657-1710 View (513) 657-1710
Photo of Hackett Counseling & Consulting, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Hackett Counseling & Consulting, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, LICDC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cincinnati, OH 45242
I provide a comprehensive solution based counseling method to address many different issues. I provide individual, group, couples, and family counseling. I also provide consultation on various issues for businesses. Trainings, seminars, and workshops are available on a variety of issues.
I provide a comprehensive solution based counseling method to address many different issues. I provide individual, group, couples, and family counseling. I also provide consultation on various issues for businesses. Trainings, seminars, and workshops are available on a variety of issues.
(513) 399-8802 View (513) 399-8802
Photo of Allyson Benson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cincinnati, OH
Allyson Benson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45202  (Online Only)
Wow, look at you taking the steps toward feeling your best! I'm Allyson, a Licensed Social Worker (LSW) in Ohio providing psychotherapy services. My focus lies in helping individuals overcome challenges related to anxiety, depression/mood, trauma, increasing feelings of self-worth and confidence, and building communication skills specifically to improve relationships. I take pride in my ability to connect with diverse populations and provide culturally competent care. Through a compassionate and personalized approach, I am committed to guiding my clients on their journey towards healing and positive change.
Wow, look at you taking the steps toward feeling your best! I'm Allyson, a Licensed Social Worker (LSW) in Ohio providing psychotherapy services. My focus lies in helping individuals overcome challenges related to anxiety, depression/mood, trauma, increasing feelings of self-worth and confidence, and building communication skills specifically to improve relationships. I take pride in my ability to connect with diverse populations and provide culturally competent care. Through a compassionate and personalized approach, I am committed to guiding my clients on their journey towards healing and positive change.
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Photo of Stephanie Tunison, Counselor in Cincinnati, OH
Stephanie Tunison
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, CCTP
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45236
Hurt? Confused? Anxious? Tearful? Betrayed? Lost? Broken? Overwhelmed? Sad? Or do you just need someone to talk to? We all get stuck once in a while and need a "boost over the fence." Individuals, couples, and families face difficult situations and decisions. It's a privilege for me to walk the journey with you, extending God's care and concern for YOU. Whether you are depressed, anxious or going though a life transition, even a happy one, stress can become paralyzing. Areas of competence include Faith Concerns, Marriage and Family, Grief and Loss, Anger Management, Relationship Building and Crisis Intervention.
Hurt? Confused? Anxious? Tearful? Betrayed? Lost? Broken? Overwhelmed? Sad? Or do you just need someone to talk to? We all get stuck once in a while and need a "boost over the fence." Individuals, couples, and families face difficult situations and decisions. It's a privilege for me to walk the journey with you, extending God's care and concern for YOU. Whether you are depressed, anxious or going though a life transition, even a happy one, stress can become paralyzing. Areas of competence include Faith Concerns, Marriage and Family, Grief and Loss, Anger Management, Relationship Building and Crisis Intervention.
(513) 373-4093 View (513) 373-4093

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Cincinnati, OH

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Cincinnati, OH who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
72% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Relationship Issues
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
74% Aetna
64% Optum

How Therapists in Cincinnati, OH see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Cincinnati?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.