Therapists in 44070

Photo of Paul J. DiFranco, CHT, MHt, BA Psy, MLHR
Paul J. DiFranco
Verified Verified
North Olmsted, OH 44070
I’m passionate about using the art and science of hypnotherapy to help clients create meaningful life changes. By aligning mind, body, and spirit, hypnotherapy supports deep healing and growth. My mission is to accelerate goal achievement and well-being. I also teach self-hypnosis, mindfulness meditation, and yoga for lasting self-empowerment.
I’m passionate about using the art and science of hypnotherapy to help clients create meaningful life changes. By aligning mind, body, and spirit, hypnotherapy supports deep healing and growth. My mission is to accelerate goal achievement and well-being. I also teach self-hypnosis, mindfulness meditation, and yoga for lasting self-empowerment.
(440) 586-4845 View (440) 586-4845
Photo of Tiffani Poier, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, IMFT
Tiffani Poier
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, IMFT
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Tiffani Rene Poier, LMFT, provides compassionate therapy for individuals across Ohio, offering a safe and supportive space to explore thoughts, emotions, and personal challenges. With a focus on fostering connection and growth, Tiffani empowers clients to develop effective tools for navigating life s difficulties. Her empathetic approach helps individuals overcome obstacles such as anxiety, depression, PTSD/trauma, and substance use. Specializing in marriage and family therapy, Tiffani offers practical strategies for couples seeking to improve communication, resolve conflicts, and rebuild trust.
Tiffani Rene Poier, LMFT, provides compassionate therapy for individuals across Ohio, offering a safe and supportive space to explore thoughts, emotions, and personal challenges. With a focus on fostering connection and growth, Tiffani empowers clients to develop effective tools for navigating life s difficulties. Her empathetic approach helps individuals overcome obstacles such as anxiety, depression, PTSD/trauma, and substance use. Specializing in marriage and family therapy, Tiffani offers practical strategies for couples seeking to improve communication, resolve conflicts, and rebuild trust.
(440) 557-3261 View (440) 557-3261
Photo of Tricia Fritz, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Tricia Fritz
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
North Olmsted, OH 44070
The choice to engage in counseling may be difficult, but the benefits can be life changing. Loyal to the belief that a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. I seek to join you on this journey, value each individual's story, and while understanding the need for a strong therapeutic relationship. Whether you are negotiating life losses, feelings of anxiety and depression or adjustment to life challenges, I see my role as compassionate listener and guide. I specialize individuals struggling with mood disorders, transitions, anxiety, trauma, stress, low self-esteem, anger management, ADHD, grief and bereavement.
The choice to engage in counseling may be difficult, but the benefits can be life changing. Loyal to the belief that a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. I seek to join you on this journey, value each individual's story, and while understanding the need for a strong therapeutic relationship. Whether you are negotiating life losses, feelings of anxiety and depression or adjustment to life challenges, I see my role as compassionate listener and guide. I specialize individuals struggling with mood disorders, transitions, anxiety, trauma, stress, low self-esteem, anger management, ADHD, grief and bereavement.
(440) 664-3831 View (440) 664-3831
Photo of Trista Piccola, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Trista Piccola
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Trista Piccola is a Licensed Independent Social Worker Supervisor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2007. Trista provides care for individuals and families seeking help need to be able to do so without any fear of stigma or judgment. She focuses on helping people feel at ease so they can start the process of problem-solving and healing. Outside of work, Trista is an animal lover.
Trista Piccola is a Licensed Independent Social Worker Supervisor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2007. Trista provides care for individuals and families seeking help need to be able to do so without any fear of stigma or judgment. She focuses on helping people feel at ease so they can start the process of problem-solving and healing. Outside of work, Trista is an animal lover.
(440) 739-3977 View (440) 739-3977
Photo of Christine Billick, Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Christine Billick
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Christine Billick, PsyD, is a clinical psychologist with over 10 years of experience working with clients in a variety of treatment settings. Dr. Billick provides psychological assessment services for individuals ages 16-45, with a focus on ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and psychiatric concerns. Dr. Billick s therapeutic approach is grounded in the belief that people have an inherent desire and right to seek meaning and fulfillment in life. She helps clients navigate life s challenges, separate from unhelpful thought patterns, and align emotional experiences with personal values and strengths.
Christine Billick, PsyD, is a clinical psychologist with over 10 years of experience working with clients in a variety of treatment settings. Dr. Billick provides psychological assessment services for individuals ages 16-45, with a focus on ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and psychiatric concerns. Dr. Billick s therapeutic approach is grounded in the belief that people have an inherent desire and right to seek meaning and fulfillment in life. She helps clients navigate life s challenges, separate from unhelpful thought patterns, and align emotional experiences with personal values and strengths.
(440) 762-6144 View (440) 762-6144
Photo of Jasmine Walters, Counselor, MS, LPCC
Jasmine Walters
Counselor, MS, LPCC
4 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Not accepting new clients
As a clinician, my ultimate goal for my clients is to make therapy more inviting and safe. I take a very relational approach, placing a high priority on building trust and rapport with my clients. I love working with clients who may have not had great experiences with therapy in the past, and enjoy taking on the responsibility of making therapy less scary and overwhelming. It is through this therapeutic relationship that I believe true healing can begin. I hope to work together with my clients to find solutions and set goals that best meet the outcomes they are looking to achieve.
As a clinician, my ultimate goal for my clients is to make therapy more inviting and safe. I take a very relational approach, placing a high priority on building trust and rapport with my clients. I love working with clients who may have not had great experiences with therapy in the past, and enjoy taking on the responsibility of making therapy less scary and overwhelming. It is through this therapeutic relationship that I believe true healing can begin. I hope to work together with my clients to find solutions and set goals that best meet the outcomes they are looking to achieve.
(440) 607-7516 View (440) 607-7516
Photo of Tara Reidy, Psychologist, PsyD
Tara Reidy
Psychologist, PsyD
North Olmsted, OH 44070
For adults and older adolescents Tara believes in combining insight from lifelong experiences and patterns with cognitive behavioral therapy. For young children she works with closely with both parent and child. She specializes in emotional and behavioral problems of young children and in the impact of early trauma on adult anxiety and depression. In her spare time, Tara enjoys square dancing and hiking in the wonderful Cleveland Metropark system. She directs a small food pantry associated with the Greater Cleveland Food Bank.
For adults and older adolescents Tara believes in combining insight from lifelong experiences and patterns with cognitive behavioral therapy. For young children she works with closely with both parent and child. She specializes in emotional and behavioral problems of young children and in the impact of early trauma on adult anxiety and depression. In her spare time, Tara enjoys square dancing and hiking in the wonderful Cleveland Metropark system. She directs a small food pantry associated with the Greater Cleveland Food Bank.
(440) 571-7154 View (440) 571-7154
Photo of Amy Salim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LICDCCS
Amy Salim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LICDCCS
2 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Have you ever felt lost, unsure, disconnected to your authentic self? I know I have during different periods of my life journey. Through my own experience as a client and a therapist, I have seen how therapy can help support people with both big and small life challenges. Life can be hard. I strive to provide a safe space for people to explore their vulnerabilities, because the strength to overcome challenges is closer than you think. I've primarily been working with young adults over the past 15 years in a variety of settings. I enjoy working with clients who are going through life transitions because “adulting” is hard.
Have you ever felt lost, unsure, disconnected to your authentic self? I know I have during different periods of my life journey. Through my own experience as a client and a therapist, I have seen how therapy can help support people with both big and small life challenges. Life can be hard. I strive to provide a safe space for people to explore their vulnerabilities, because the strength to overcome challenges is closer than you think. I've primarily been working with young adults over the past 15 years in a variety of settings. I enjoy working with clients who are going through life transitions because “adulting” is hard.
(440) 635-3845 View (440) 635-3845
LifeGuide Health - Mental Health Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
1 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Finding a therapist isn’t easy. What matters is do you and your therapist truly connect – where you can be your genuine self, openly talk about what's going on, and get the support and guidance you really need. Regardless of what brings you here – anxiety, depression, ADHD, anger, addiction, grief or loss, relationships, trauma. stress, life changes, or life in general – we're a local team of dedicated therapists who understand and know how to help. We'll help you identify and resolve issues, move forward, pursue your goals, and work towards being a healthier, happier you.
Finding a therapist isn’t easy. What matters is do you and your therapist truly connect – where you can be your genuine self, openly talk about what's going on, and get the support and guidance you really need. Regardless of what brings you here – anxiety, depression, ADHD, anger, addiction, grief or loss, relationships, trauma. stress, life changes, or life in general – we're a local team of dedicated therapists who understand and know how to help. We'll help you identify and resolve issues, move forward, pursue your goals, and work towards being a healthier, happier you.
(440) 595-5175 View (440) 595-5175
Photo of Kelly Swinnerton, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Kelly Swinnerton
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Kelly Swinnerton, LPCC, is a compassionate therapist dedicated to helping individuals across Ohio navigate lifes challenges and achieve emotional wellbeing. She provides individualized care for adults and seniors, working collaboratively to address concerns such as anxiety, depression, and PTSDtrauma. Kelly strives to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel empowered to explore their feelings, develop coping strategies, and move toward their personal goals. Kelly specializes in addressing midlife transitions and grief, offering unique insights to those navigating significant life changes or processing loss.
Kelly Swinnerton, LPCC, is a compassionate therapist dedicated to helping individuals across Ohio navigate lifes challenges and achieve emotional wellbeing. She provides individualized care for adults and seniors, working collaboratively to address concerns such as anxiety, depression, and PTSDtrauma. Kelly strives to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel empowered to explore their feelings, develop coping strategies, and move toward their personal goals. Kelly specializes in addressing midlife transitions and grief, offering unique insights to those navigating significant life changes or processing loss.
(440) 586-4678 View (440) 586-4678
Photo of Michael Weatherford, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MC, LPCC
Michael Weatherford
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MC, LPCC
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Dr. Weatherford is a licensed professional clinical counselor with several years of clinical experience working with adults in an outpatient setting with differing presenting concerns. He has specialized training in behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Dr. Weatherford graduated with a Masters Degree in School Counseling from Eastern Illinois University and subsequently re-located to Kent, Ohio in 2014. Once there, he attended Kent State University where he received his Doctorate in Counselor Education and Supervision.
Dr. Weatherford is a licensed professional clinical counselor with several years of clinical experience working with adults in an outpatient setting with differing presenting concerns. He has specialized training in behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Dr. Weatherford graduated with a Masters Degree in School Counseling from Eastern Illinois University and subsequently re-located to Kent, Ohio in 2014. Once there, he attended Kent State University where he received his Doctorate in Counselor Education and Supervision.
(440) 762-6244 View (440) 762-6244
Photo of Jeanette Biermann, Psychologist, PhD
Jeanette Biermann
Psychologist, PhD
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Dr. Biermann is a psychologist licensed to practice in Ohio since 2013. She earned her PhD in counseling psychology at the University of Akron. Her undergraduate degree in mathematics was awarded by Valparaiso University. She has provided psychological services in hospitals, long term care, primary care and private practice settings. Before training to become a psychologist, she worked in corporate and government settings for more than 25 years, informed by her MBA and her PhD in Operations Research from CWRU.
Dr. Biermann is a psychologist licensed to practice in Ohio since 2013. She earned her PhD in counseling psychology at the University of Akron. Her undergraduate degree in mathematics was awarded by Valparaiso University. She has provided psychological services in hospitals, long term care, primary care and private practice settings. Before training to become a psychologist, she worked in corporate and government settings for more than 25 years, informed by her MBA and her PhD in Operations Research from CWRU.
(440) 732-4684 View (440) 732-4684
Photo of Brianna Sloan, Marriage & Family Therapist, LIMFT
Brianna Sloan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LIMFT
1 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Opening up takes courage and vulnerability. I strive to create a safe space; my purpose is to be a support to clients with empathy and positive regard. Through a collaborative approach together we can process events, emotions, and identify any underlying issues and patterns or behaviors that may be inhibiting an individual from feeling their most authentic self.
Opening up takes courage and vulnerability. I strive to create a safe space; my purpose is to be a support to clients with empathy and positive regard. Through a collaborative approach together we can process events, emotions, and identify any underlying issues and patterns or behaviors that may be inhibiting an individual from feeling their most authentic self.
(440) 597-5686 x871 View (440) 597-5686 x871
Photo of Mary L Emrich, Counselor, LPCC-S
Mary L Emrich
Counselor, LPCC-S
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Mary Emrich, LPCC, a dedicated mental health professional serving clients across Ohio, provides compassionate and evidence-based care to adults navigating life’s challenges. With over 25 years of experience in the healthcare field, she helps individuals manage anxiety, depression, trauma, and substance use disorders. Mary believes in a collaborative, strength-based approach that empowers clients to develop resilience and achieve meaningful, lasting change. Through individual therapy, she offers a safe, nonjudgmental space where clients can explore their struggles and build the skills needed to improve their well-being.
Mary Emrich, LPCC, a dedicated mental health professional serving clients across Ohio, provides compassionate and evidence-based care to adults navigating life’s challenges. With over 25 years of experience in the healthcare field, she helps individuals manage anxiety, depression, trauma, and substance use disorders. Mary believes in a collaborative, strength-based approach that empowers clients to develop resilience and achieve meaningful, lasting change. Through individual therapy, she offers a safe, nonjudgmental space where clients can explore their struggles and build the skills needed to improve their well-being.
(440) 482-7960 View (440) 482-7960
Photo of Adriana Faur - Integrative Psychological Health, Psychologist, PhD
Integrative Psychological Health
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
We warmly welcome you to our private practice located in Westlake! We are a group of caring psychologists, psychiatrists and counselors. We appreciate how difficult it is to take the first step in this journey. Our mission is to provide a safe space that is warm and inviting, where healing can occur. Some of our providers offer evening, weekend and telemental (online video platform) appointments. We do our best to schedule initial appointments as soon as possible following your call! Our team is committed to working hand in hand with you, to meet your specific needs!
We warmly welcome you to our private practice located in Westlake! We are a group of caring psychologists, psychiatrists and counselors. We appreciate how difficult it is to take the first step in this journey. Our mission is to provide a safe space that is warm and inviting, where healing can occur. Some of our providers offer evening, weekend and telemental (online video platform) appointments. We do our best to schedule initial appointments as soon as possible following your call! Our team is committed to working hand in hand with you, to meet your specific needs!
(216) 584-9645 View (216) 584-9645
Janet Asche
Licensed Independent Social Worker, LISW-S
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Janet has a particular passion for working with individuals impacted by PTSD and trauma, offering a safe, supportive space to process painful experiences and reclaim a sense of control. She incorporates evidence-based interventions including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness practices, and Exposure Therapy to help clients manage trauma symptoms, regulate emotions, and move forward with renewed confidence. Janet is especially dedicated to serving first responders, military veterans, and others who face unique challenges tied to trauma and high-stress environments.
Janet has a particular passion for working with individuals impacted by PTSD and trauma, offering a safe, supportive space to process painful experiences and reclaim a sense of control. She incorporates evidence-based interventions including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness practices, and Exposure Therapy to help clients manage trauma symptoms, regulate emotions, and move forward with renewed confidence. Janet is especially dedicated to serving first responders, military veterans, and others who face unique challenges tied to trauma and high-stress environments.
(440) 597-2954 View (440) 597-2954
Photo of Caitlin Vogler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Caitlin Vogler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Caitlin Vogler, LISW, provides a supportive and compassionate space for clients in Ohio to reconnect with themselves and navigate life's challenges. At LifeStance Health, she employs a client-centered approach, customizing therapeutic interventions to meet each individual's unique needs. Caitlin specializes in treating adults and seniors, offering tailored care for those facing issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma.
Caitlin Vogler, LISW, provides a supportive and compassionate space for clients in Ohio to reconnect with themselves and navigate life's challenges. At LifeStance Health, she employs a client-centered approach, customizing therapeutic interventions to meet each individual's unique needs. Caitlin specializes in treating adults and seniors, offering tailored care for those facing issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma.
(440) 689-2902 View (440) 689-2902
Photo of Damara Ferguson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Damara Ferguson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Damara Ferguson, LISW-S, a dedicated therapist at LifeStance Health, provides compassionate and effective mental health care to individuals and couples across Ohio. With a client-centered approach, she supports those facing life s challenges by creating a safe space for growth, healing, and self-discovery. Whether addressing relationship concerns, navigating major life transitions, or managing mental health conditions, Damara collaborates with clients to develop personalized strategies for lasting change.
Damara Ferguson, LISW-S, a dedicated therapist at LifeStance Health, provides compassionate and effective mental health care to individuals and couples across Ohio. With a client-centered approach, she supports those facing life s challenges by creating a safe space for growth, healing, and self-discovery. Whether addressing relationship concerns, navigating major life transitions, or managing mental health conditions, Damara collaborates with clients to develop personalized strategies for lasting change.
(440) 271-5861 View (440) 271-5861
Photo of Tanya P Morrow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Tanya P Morrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Tanya Morrow spent 25 years at the children and families social services agency Beech Brook, most recently as director of theEarly Childhood program. She is experienced in the treatment of behavior disorders and post-traumatic stressdisorder (PTSD) resulting fromabuse as well astrauma informed care, parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) and LGBTQI issues. She hasspecial interest in treatment of women's issues, self-care and empowerment,life coaching, social skill development and resilience.
Tanya Morrow spent 25 years at the children and families social services agency Beech Brook, most recently as director of theEarly Childhood program. She is experienced in the treatment of behavior disorders and post-traumatic stressdisorder (PTSD) resulting fromabuse as well astrauma informed care, parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) and LGBTQI issues. She hasspecial interest in treatment of women's issues, self-care and empowerment,life coaching, social skill development and resilience.
(440) 762-6263 View (440) 762-6263
Photo of Tanya P Morrow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW, S
Tanya P Morrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW, S
1 Endorsed
North Olmsted, OH 44070
Waitlist for new clients
A primary interest of mine is to empower all to take control of and improve ones ability to function on a daily basis. This includes addressing stress, anxiety, mild to moderate depression, and other quality of life factors. I do have a special interest in impacting the mental health of women/females and alternative lifestyle individuals. However, I do welcome male clients for sure. If you are reading this, you are probably ready to begin a new journey. It is a tough step to take, but I and my colleagues are here to support and guide you. Call Lifestance to have Intake add you to the schedule of your chosen provider today!
A primary interest of mine is to empower all to take control of and improve ones ability to function on a daily basis. This includes addressing stress, anxiety, mild to moderate depression, and other quality of life factors. I do have a special interest in impacting the mental health of women/females and alternative lifestyle individuals. However, I do welcome male clients for sure. If you are reading this, you are probably ready to begin a new journey. It is a tough step to take, but I and my colleagues are here to support and guide you. Call Lifestance to have Intake add you to the schedule of your chosen provider today!
(216) 820-9635 View (216) 820-9635

See more therapy options for 44070

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 44070

80+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 44070 who prioritize treating:

99% Depression
98% Anxiety
83% Trauma and PTSD
72% Grief
66% Stress
66% Life Transitions
63% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

99% Aetna
94% Medical Mutual
85% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 44070 see their clients

88% In Person and Online
12% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 44070?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.