Therapists in 38139

Photo of Rachel Joffe, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Rachel Joffe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
4 Endorsed
Germantown, TN 38139
"We are born in relationship. We grow in relationship. We are wounded in relationship. And we are healed in relationship." - Harville Hendrix. Therapy can benefit us in many ways including feeling heard, growing in self awareness, and healing from adversity life throws at us. It is also a great place to learn compassion for ourselves and empathy for others in our lives. As a therapist, I believe people are relational creatures. We can thrive or suffer greatly depending upon the quality of our relationships with God, others, and ourselves.
"We are born in relationship. We grow in relationship. We are wounded in relationship. And we are healed in relationship." - Harville Hendrix. Therapy can benefit us in many ways including feeling heard, growing in self awareness, and healing from adversity life throws at us. It is also a great place to learn compassion for ourselves and empathy for others in our lives. As a therapist, I believe people are relational creatures. We can thrive or suffer greatly depending upon the quality of our relationships with God, others, and ourselves.
(423) 799-2475 View (423) 799-2475
Photo of Dr. P. Tracy Crudup, Licensed Professional Counselor, DBH, LPC, MHSP
Dr. P. Tracy Crudup
Licensed Professional Counselor, DBH, LPC, MHSP
8 Endorsed
Germantown, TN 38139
Relationships and chronic health issues are unique areas that we attach deep emotions to. The emotion allows us to label our level of satisfaction. Its hard to be happy when you just had the same conversation with your mate again without resolution. Its hard to have hope when you are struggling to find the strength for another fertility treatment. Increased fatigue, depression and anxiety begin to take over. They impact your self esteem, increase guilt and resentment and make every day a battle. If relationships, life transitions or chronic health issues are hindering you then I can help you establish control of your life again.
Relationships and chronic health issues are unique areas that we attach deep emotions to. The emotion allows us to label our level of satisfaction. Its hard to be happy when you just had the same conversation with your mate again without resolution. Its hard to have hope when you are struggling to find the strength for another fertility treatment. Increased fatigue, depression and anxiety begin to take over. They impact your self esteem, increase guilt and resentment and make every day a battle. If relationships, life transitions or chronic health issues are hindering you then I can help you establish control of your life again.
(901) 466-8773 View (901) 466-8773
Photo of Yves Calderone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Yves Calderone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Germantown, TN 38139
I am committed to working dynamically with individuals so they can live healthier, fuller, more meaningful lives. My treatment approach is rooted in Jungian-oriented psychotherapy, Focusing and other somatic practices, and Collaborative Problem Solving. I hold a Masters degree in Social work with a concentration in Advanced Clinical Practice from Columbia University. I offer counseling sessions tailored to each individual‘s unique experience — taking into account biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors — and guiding a process that acknowledges and respects a person’s inherent wisdom toward wholeness and healing.
I am committed to working dynamically with individuals so they can live healthier, fuller, more meaningful lives. My treatment approach is rooted in Jungian-oriented psychotherapy, Focusing and other somatic practices, and Collaborative Problem Solving. I hold a Masters degree in Social work with a concentration in Advanced Clinical Practice from Columbia University. I offer counseling sessions tailored to each individual‘s unique experience — taking into account biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors — and guiding a process that acknowledges and respects a person’s inherent wisdom toward wholeness and healing.
(901) 676-8710 View (901) 676-8710
Photo of Dr. Courtney Loveless, Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MS , LPCMHSP, PhD
Dr. Courtney Loveless
Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MS , LPCMHSP, PhD
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’ve tried everything, but your child is struggling despite your best efforts. You’re constantly managing their tear-streaked tantrums or sullen silences. “Time outs” don’t work, rewards don’t work, you want to pull your hair out sometimes. You’ve tried talking to them, but they won't tell you what they need. You wish you could read their mind. Pain and anxiety are written all over your child’s face. You so badly want to help but don’t know how. The helplessness and guilt you feel to see them suffer are almost too much to bear. You’ll never give up searching for a way to help them. There’s nothing you wouldn’t do for your child.
You’ve tried everything, but your child is struggling despite your best efforts. You’re constantly managing their tear-streaked tantrums or sullen silences. “Time outs” don’t work, rewards don’t work, you want to pull your hair out sometimes. You’ve tried talking to them, but they won't tell you what they need. You wish you could read their mind. Pain and anxiety are written all over your child’s face. You so badly want to help but don’t know how. The helplessness and guilt you feel to see them suffer are almost too much to bear. You’ll never give up searching for a way to help them. There’s nothing you wouldn’t do for your child.
(901) 499-4025 View (901) 499-4025
Photo of Teresa Franklin - Transitional Anger Management Services, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC
Transitional Anger Management Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC
Serves Area
As a 3rd year Doctor of Behavioral Health student, with 22 years of experience in providing anger management counseling, you are in good hands! Sunday groups are available. call 901.608.1000. www.gotangermanagement.com
As a 3rd year Doctor of Behavioral Health student, with 22 years of experience in providing anger management counseling, you are in good hands! Sunday groups are available. call 901.608.1000. www.gotangermanagement.com
(901) 295-0296 View (901) 295-0296
Photo of Matthew Glen Peifer, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Matthew Glen Peifer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
My ideal client is any individual or couple who is navigating significant life transitions. Whether you are experiencing the pain of a divorce, the uncertainty of a new job or the loss of one, or the deep grief of losing a loved one, I am here to support you. You may find yourself grappling with existential questions, searching for meaning and understanding in the midst of life’s challenges. Together, we can build a bridge that connects these profound questions with your everyday experiences, helping you find clarity and a renewed sense of purpose.
My ideal client is any individual or couple who is navigating significant life transitions. Whether you are experiencing the pain of a divorce, the uncertainty of a new job or the loss of one, or the deep grief of losing a loved one, I am here to support you. You may find yourself grappling with existential questions, searching for meaning and understanding in the midst of life’s challenges. Together, we can build a bridge that connects these profound questions with your everyday experiences, helping you find clarity and a renewed sense of purpose.
(901) 675-5972 View (901) 675-5972
Photo of Melanie Spurgeon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Melanie Spurgeon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
When you walk into my office, my hope is to meet you wherever you are in your path, and you feel some of the pressure fall off. It is my joy and passion to help women navigate the college and various adult seasons of life. These stages are full of transitions that can be exciting and stressful. You might be experiencing changes in relationships with family and friends, learning how to process and share emotions, discovering identity and belonging, discerning gifting and career paths, or feeling stuck from hurts in the past. But you do not have to walk this journey alone!
When you walk into my office, my hope is to meet you wherever you are in your path, and you feel some of the pressure fall off. It is my joy and passion to help women navigate the college and various adult seasons of life. These stages are full of transitions that can be exciting and stressful. You might be experiencing changes in relationships with family and friends, learning how to process and share emotions, discovering identity and belonging, discerning gifting and career paths, or feeling stuck from hurts in the past. But you do not have to walk this journey alone!
(901) 459-5348 View (901) 459-5348
Photo of Dr. Chanda Dunn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Dr. Chanda Dunn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Serves Area
If you are feeling stuck, stressed, anxious, sad, avoidant, unmotivated, distracted, or generally discontent with yourself, relationship, or the circles around you, then you may be experiencing difficulty navigating this stage of life. My passion is helping individuals with anxiety, depression, and relationship issues. I have multiple years of professional and private practice experience helping teens, adults, and older adults navigate emotional difficulties and traumatic periods. I have extensive experience supporting anxiety & depression, parenting, self-worth, stress management/self-care, life transitions, and trauma/PTSD.
If you are feeling stuck, stressed, anxious, sad, avoidant, unmotivated, distracted, or generally discontent with yourself, relationship, or the circles around you, then you may be experiencing difficulty navigating this stage of life. My passion is helping individuals with anxiety, depression, and relationship issues. I have multiple years of professional and private practice experience helping teens, adults, and older adults navigate emotional difficulties and traumatic periods. I have extensive experience supporting anxiety & depression, parenting, self-worth, stress management/self-care, life transitions, and trauma/PTSD.
(901) 699-4954 View (901) 699-4954
Photo of Olivia Warfield, Pre-Licensed Professional, tLPC, MHSP, MS, MA
Olivia Warfield
Pre-Licensed Professional, tLPC, MHSP, MS, MA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life can feel heavy when you’re carrying around invisible burdens: unspoken fears, lingering shame, or that constant inner voice telling you you’re not enough. You might be moving through a big change, stuck in the same old patterns, or just feeling lost. I offer a compassionate, psychologically safe environment to explore what’s holding you back and help you build toward a life that feels more aligned, connected, and meaningful. I don’t believe in one-size-fits-all therapy. My approach is collaborative and attuned to your full context - who you are, where you’ve been, and what you're moving toward.
Life can feel heavy when you’re carrying around invisible burdens: unspoken fears, lingering shame, or that constant inner voice telling you you’re not enough. You might be moving through a big change, stuck in the same old patterns, or just feeling lost. I offer a compassionate, psychologically safe environment to explore what’s holding you back and help you build toward a life that feels more aligned, connected, and meaningful. I don’t believe in one-size-fits-all therapy. My approach is collaborative and attuned to your full context - who you are, where you’ve been, and what you're moving toward.
(901) 657-4507 View (901) 657-4507
Photo of Paul M Hambrick - Paul Hambrick Online Telehealth Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, MAC, SEP
Paul Hambrick Online Telehealth Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, MAC, SEP
Serves Area
TRAUMA: A threatening experience that is too much, too fast. When stressed out or truly overwhelmed, our instinctual survival responses can be blocked. If unable to complete our body’s survival responses, trauma occurs and symptoms emerge. We can feel stuck in flight, fight or freeze. Negative feelings, thoughts, behaviors and stress disorders often lie within the mind-body connection. As one who facilitates healing from emotional, spiritual, and physical pain and suffering, I am dedicated to working compassionately, non-judgmentally and collaboratively with you to become "unstuck" and find a greater sense of healing and wholeness.
TRAUMA: A threatening experience that is too much, too fast. When stressed out or truly overwhelmed, our instinctual survival responses can be blocked. If unable to complete our body’s survival responses, trauma occurs and symptoms emerge. We can feel stuck in flight, fight or freeze. Negative feelings, thoughts, behaviors and stress disorders often lie within the mind-body connection. As one who facilitates healing from emotional, spiritual, and physical pain and suffering, I am dedicated to working compassionately, non-judgmentally and collaboratively with you to become "unstuck" and find a greater sense of healing and wholeness.
(901) 244-4512 View (901) 244-4512
Photo of Michael W Davidson, Psychologist, PhD, MBA
Michael W Davidson
Psychologist, PhD, MBA
Serves Area
I am a psychologist, writer, and poet with more than 20 years of experience helping people navigate life with all of its difficulties and joys. My work has always been driven by my absolute belief in the power of the human heart to both heal and transcend. Few things are as powerful as holding open hearted space for pain whether someone else's or our own. Therapy is a partnership. It's a journey that we take together. I look forward to meeting you.
I am a psychologist, writer, and poet with more than 20 years of experience helping people navigate life with all of its difficulties and joys. My work has always been driven by my absolute belief in the power of the human heart to both heal and transcend. Few things are as powerful as holding open hearted space for pain whether someone else's or our own. Therapy is a partnership. It's a journey that we take together. I look forward to meeting you.
(901) 308-7838 View (901) 308-7838
Photo of Laurin Maddux, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MBA
Laurin Maddux
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MBA
Serves Area
Life can be hard and it helps to have someone who will walk alongside you during those times. I consider it an honor to listen to the stories of my clients and help them navigate through the complexities of life, both past and present. My office is a safe space to bring whatever is keeping you stuck or repeating destructive patterns of behavior and begin a road to healing.
Life can be hard and it helps to have someone who will walk alongside you during those times. I consider it an honor to listen to the stories of my clients and help them navigate through the complexities of life, both past and present. My office is a safe space to bring whatever is keeping you stuck or repeating destructive patterns of behavior and begin a road to healing.
(901) 530-7005 View (901) 530-7005
Photo of Jenna Kaufman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, MHSP
Jenna Kaufman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, MHSP
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
I support high-achieving women who feel burned out, stuck in perfectionism, or disconnected from themselves. Together we slow down and gently tune into the body’s signals. I offer nervous system education, Somatic Experiencing, parts work, breathwork, and mindfulness to help clients identify fight/flight/freeze, build safety, soften self-criticism, and reconnect with ease. I also lead women’s groups and trainings for therapists. Based in Memphis, TN with virtual sessions available.
I support high-achieving women who feel burned out, stuck in perfectionism, or disconnected from themselves. Together we slow down and gently tune into the body’s signals. I offer nervous system education, Somatic Experiencing, parts work, breathwork, and mindfulness to help clients identify fight/flight/freeze, build safety, soften self-criticism, and reconnect with ease. I also lead women’s groups and trainings for therapists. Based in Memphis, TN with virtual sessions available.
(901) 617-3804 View (901) 617-3804
Photo of Karen L Morgan, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, P-LPC, MAC
Karen L Morgan
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, P-LPC, MAC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a therapist, I strive to create a safe, non-judgmental space where you can feel heard and understood. Together, we will work collaboratively to explore your challenges, identify your strengths, and build strategies that empower you to navigate life’s complexities. I believe in tailoring my approach to meet your specific needs to help you uncover the tools within yourself to heal, grow, and thrive.
As a therapist, I strive to create a safe, non-judgmental space where you can feel heard and understood. Together, we will work collaboratively to explore your challenges, identify your strengths, and build strategies that empower you to navigate life’s complexities. I believe in tailoring my approach to meet your specific needs to help you uncover the tools within yourself to heal, grow, and thrive.
(901) 557-3189 View (901) 557-3189
Photo of Shadana Davis - Shadana Davis, PsyD PLLC, Psychologist, PsyD, LCSW
Shadana Davis, PsyD PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I applaud your bravery in taking this step in your journey to wellness. As we engage in the process of awareness and healing we can conquer life’s challenges and thrive. I serve individuals, couples, and families struggling with relational difficulties, anxiety, depression, adjustment, inattention, and cultural diversity related concerns. I also serve athletes, professionals, and executives on addressing issues including depression, anxiety, work/life balance, coping with stressors, relational difficulties, adjustment challenges, and maintaining mental wellness.
I applaud your bravery in taking this step in your journey to wellness. As we engage in the process of awareness and healing we can conquer life’s challenges and thrive. I serve individuals, couples, and families struggling with relational difficulties, anxiety, depression, adjustment, inattention, and cultural diversity related concerns. I also serve athletes, professionals, and executives on addressing issues including depression, anxiety, work/life balance, coping with stressors, relational difficulties, adjustment challenges, and maintaining mental wellness.
(215) 515-6910 View (215) 515-6910
Photo of Michelle R Johns, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Michelle R Johns
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Serves Area
Have you noticed that the same challenges resurfacing, leaving you baffled and curious? Do you ask yourself "why?" Trying to make sense of people and circumstances. Do you feel stuck in the same patterns, no matter how much you strive to change them? Many adults find themselves in these sort of "predicaments." I help motivated adults understand how life experiences shape the patterns they live, I offer a space to explore your stories with compassion and curiosity to help you live your life with clarity, confidence, and peace. Together, we’ll change patterns and transform your relationship with yourself and others.
Have you noticed that the same challenges resurfacing, leaving you baffled and curious? Do you ask yourself "why?" Trying to make sense of people and circumstances. Do you feel stuck in the same patterns, no matter how much you strive to change them? Many adults find themselves in these sort of "predicaments." I help motivated adults understand how life experiences shape the patterns they live, I offer a space to explore your stories with compassion and curiosity to help you live your life with clarity, confidence, and peace. Together, we’ll change patterns and transform your relationship with yourself and others.
(901) 295-4602 View (901) 295-4602
Photo of Ebony Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Ebony Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’re a Christian woman who feels overwhelmed, anxious, or weighed down by sadness. Maybe you're carrying unresolved pain from childhood trauma, struggling to feel like yourself, or questioning your worth. You long for peace, clarity, and a deeper connection with God. You want to heal, move forward with confidence, and live with purpose—mentally, emotionally, and spiritually whole.
You’re a Christian woman who feels overwhelmed, anxious, or weighed down by sadness. Maybe you're carrying unresolved pain from childhood trauma, struggling to feel like yourself, or questioning your worth. You long for peace, clarity, and a deeper connection with God. You want to heal, move forward with confidence, and live with purpose—mentally, emotionally, and spiritually whole.
(615) 434-8353 View (615) 434-8353
Photo of Angelina Armstrong, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCMHSP
Angelina Armstrong
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCMHSP
Serves Area
Acknowledging the need for extra support can feel difficult, however, carrying the burdens alone can be even more of a challenge. If you have found yourself reading this, perhaps you are already on your way to healing, or are searching for help for a loved one. I have experience working with adults and children in residential and outpatient care with eating disorders. I also specialize in trauma, including complex trauma and dissociation/dissociative disorders. I also have experience working with other mood-related disorders, body image disruptions, anxiety/panic, grief/loss, chronic pain/illness, and general life transitions.
Acknowledging the need for extra support can feel difficult, however, carrying the burdens alone can be even more of a challenge. If you have found yourself reading this, perhaps you are already on your way to healing, or are searching for help for a loved one. I have experience working with adults and children in residential and outpatient care with eating disorders. I also specialize in trauma, including complex trauma and dissociation/dissociative disorders. I also have experience working with other mood-related disorders, body image disruptions, anxiety/panic, grief/loss, chronic pain/illness, and general life transitions.
(901) 668-7771 View (901) 668-7771
Photo of Fiona Mann, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPCC, LPC, MHSP
Fiona Mann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPCC, LPC, MHSP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
We all go through difficult times in our lives that can be painful, overwhelming, and confusing. Sometimes we need help navigating these difficult times. As a therapist I strongly value creating a safe space and strong therapeutic relationship where we can work together to explore your life and dynamics that keep you feeling stuck. I feel passionate about getting to know you as an individual and helping you discover new insight about your emotions, beliefs, internal conflicts, and relational patterns. Together we can help you move towards healing and growth.
We all go through difficult times in our lives that can be painful, overwhelming, and confusing. Sometimes we need help navigating these difficult times. As a therapist I strongly value creating a safe space and strong therapeutic relationship where we can work together to explore your life and dynamics that keep you feeling stuck. I feel passionate about getting to know you as an individual and helping you discover new insight about your emotions, beliefs, internal conflicts, and relational patterns. Together we can help you move towards healing and growth.
(901) 657-3335 View (901) 657-3335
Photo of Cathy Guzik, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LADAC, Level 2
Cathy Guzik
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LADAC, Level 2
Serves Area
I am a licensed clinician with several years of experience providing individual, couples, and family therapy. I specialize in anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues and addictions, using evidence-based approaches like CBT, DBT and other approaches to support clients in achieving meaningful change.
I am a licensed clinician with several years of experience providing individual, couples, and family therapy. I specialize in anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues and addictions, using evidence-based approaches like CBT, DBT and other approaches to support clients in achieving meaningful change.
(901) 808-8322 View (901) 808-8322

See more therapy options for 38139

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 38139

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 38139 who prioritize treating:

89% Depression
89% Anxiety
77% Stress
74% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
66% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
84% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 38139 see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 38139?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.