Therapists in 38109

Photo of Keisha Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Keisha Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure where to turn—wanting support that feels safe, nonjudgmental, and genuinely caring. Maybe you’ve been holding things together for a long time and are ready for a space where you can finally exhale. You want to feel understood, respected, and supported as you work through challenges and move toward a life that feels more balanced and fulfilling.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure where to turn—wanting support that feels safe, nonjudgmental, and genuinely caring. Maybe you’ve been holding things together for a long time and are ready for a space where you can finally exhale. You want to feel understood, respected, and supported as you work through challenges and move toward a life that feels more balanced and fulfilling.
(615) 842-0978 View (615) 842-0978
Photo of Adam Kuykendall - Adam Kuykendall - NOCD, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, MA
Adam Kuykendall - NOCD
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, MA
Online Only
The greatest challenges often lead to the most meaningful growth. OCD therapy can be difficult work, but you won’t face it alone. I provide a safe, inclusive space free of judgment or discrimination. Together, we’ll identify patterns, triggers, and vulnerabilities, then work through them step by step using structured exposure techniques. Having recognized OCD traits in myself, I understand the process from both sides. I also treat schizophrenia, autism, depression, generalized and social anxiety, and borderline personality disorder.
The greatest challenges often lead to the most meaningful growth. OCD therapy can be difficult work, but you won’t face it alone. I provide a safe, inclusive space free of judgment or discrimination. Together, we’ll identify patterns, triggers, and vulnerabilities, then work through them step by step using structured exposure techniques. Having recognized OCD traits in myself, I understand the process from both sides. I also treat schizophrenia, autism, depression, generalized and social anxiety, and borderline personality disorder.
(615) 374-7999 View (615) 374-7999
Photo of Kade Hiestand, Psychologist, PhD
Kade Hiestand
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
Hope is being able to see that there is light despite all of the darkness. -Desmond Tutu. Sometimes it is hard to be hopeful when we are faced with problems in our life. Oftentimes claiming hope is the first step towards overcoming challenges, whether they be depression or anxiety, relationship stressors, or accepting and flourishing as individuals with multiple identities. From the onset of our time working together, we will establish hope as a foundation. From there we can address whatever burdens you carry together, to give you the knowledge and skills you need to live fully and happily.
Hope is being able to see that there is light despite all of the darkness. -Desmond Tutu. Sometimes it is hard to be hopeful when we are faced with problems in our life. Oftentimes claiming hope is the first step towards overcoming challenges, whether they be depression or anxiety, relationship stressors, or accepting and flourishing as individuals with multiple identities. From the onset of our time working together, we will establish hope as a foundation. From there we can address whatever burdens you carry together, to give you the knowledge and skills you need to live fully and happily.
(901) 425-1273 View (901) 425-1273
Photo of Kenneth Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Kenneth Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Serves Area
With over 34 years in the mental health field, I can assist you in building the life you want to live. My goal is to help you gain insight, shift patterns, and take action that aligns with who you want to be. We’ll identify what’s holding you back and develop tools to build emotional resilience, stronger relationships, and a clearer sense of direction. Therapy with me is collaborative, respectful, and down-to-earth. You bring your lived experience; I bring my clinical expertise. Together, we’ll explore your story, understand your pain, and create new paths forward—grounded in what truly matters to you.
With over 34 years in the mental health field, I can assist you in building the life you want to live. My goal is to help you gain insight, shift patterns, and take action that aligns with who you want to be. We’ll identify what’s holding you back and develop tools to build emotional resilience, stronger relationships, and a clearer sense of direction. Therapy with me is collaborative, respectful, and down-to-earth. You bring your lived experience; I bring my clinical expertise. Together, we’ll explore your story, understand your pain, and create new paths forward—grounded in what truly matters to you.
(865) 421-9770 View (865) 421-9770
Photo of Ashley Nott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ashley Nott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Feeling overwhelmed, unheard, or stuck? Life's challenges can feel isolating, especially when you're juggling the demands of relationships, parenting, or adjusting to postpartum changes. Perhaps you're navigating resentment in your relationship, struggling with familial issues, or feeling disconnected from your partner. As a licensed therapist specializing in Women's Issues, Anxiety, and Relationship Challenges, I understand the unique pressures you may be facing. I provide compassionate, results-driven therapy designed to help you regain clarity, strengthen your relationships, and better understand and manage your emotions.
Feeling overwhelmed, unheard, or stuck? Life's challenges can feel isolating, especially when you're juggling the demands of relationships, parenting, or adjusting to postpartum changes. Perhaps you're navigating resentment in your relationship, struggling with familial issues, or feeling disconnected from your partner. As a licensed therapist specializing in Women's Issues, Anxiety, and Relationship Challenges, I understand the unique pressures you may be facing. I provide compassionate, results-driven therapy designed to help you regain clarity, strengthen your relationships, and better understand and manage your emotions.
(901) 437-6194 View (901) 437-6194
Photo of Yves Calderone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Yves Calderone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Serves Area
I am committed to working dynamically with individuals so they can live healthier, fuller, more meaningful lives. My treatment approach is rooted in Jungian-oriented psychotherapy, Focusing and other somatic practices, and Collaborative Problem Solving. I hold a Masters degree in Social work with a concentration in Advanced Clinical Practice from Columbia University. I offer counseling sessions tailored to each individual‘s unique experience — taking into account biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors — and guiding a process that acknowledges and respects a person’s inherent wisdom toward wholeness and healing.
I am committed to working dynamically with individuals so they can live healthier, fuller, more meaningful lives. My treatment approach is rooted in Jungian-oriented psychotherapy, Focusing and other somatic practices, and Collaborative Problem Solving. I hold a Masters degree in Social work with a concentration in Advanced Clinical Practice from Columbia University. I offer counseling sessions tailored to each individual‘s unique experience — taking into account biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors — and guiding a process that acknowledges and respects a person’s inherent wisdom toward wholeness and healing.
(901) 676-8710 View (901) 676-8710
Photo of Dr. Cassandra Denise Clariett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DMin, LCSW
Dr. Cassandra Denise Clariett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DMin, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Mental Health is my Passion and Helping People Heal is Our Purpose! Fresh or Frozen, Trauma Can Impact You In More Ways Than You Know! As Your Therapist, I am Here to Empower and Assist You In Living a Wholesome Life. You can expect to start your path to healing with Dr. Cassandra Clariett, LCSW-TN, AZ, right away. Currently offering Clinical Supervision for Mental Health Professionals in TN and AZ!
Mental Health is my Passion and Helping People Heal is Our Purpose! Fresh or Frozen, Trauma Can Impact You In More Ways Than You Know! As Your Therapist, I am Here to Empower and Assist You In Living a Wholesome Life. You can expect to start your path to healing with Dr. Cassandra Clariett, LCSW-TN, AZ, right away. Currently offering Clinical Supervision for Mental Health Professionals in TN and AZ!
(901) 350-6858 View (901) 350-6858
Photo of Amani Loggins, Pre-Licensed Professional
Amani Loggins
Pre-Licensed Professional
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
If you’ve been hesitant to seek counseling due to not wanting to seem “crazy”, I am here to tell you that everyone can benefit from talking to a licensed mental health professional. You can most definitely pray (if you are a person of faith) and talk to a therapist at the same time! We all have some sort of baggage, but it’s totally up to you how you choose to address it. There’s no shame in seeking help, and it’s my personal mission to destigmatize receiving professional mental health treatment.
If you’ve been hesitant to seek counseling due to not wanting to seem “crazy”, I am here to tell you that everyone can benefit from talking to a licensed mental health professional. You can most definitely pray (if you are a person of faith) and talk to a therapist at the same time! We all have some sort of baggage, but it’s totally up to you how you choose to address it. There’s no shame in seeking help, and it’s my personal mission to destigmatize receiving professional mental health treatment.
(901) 657-5284 View (901) 657-5284
Photo of Nije Marie Johnson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Nije Marie Johnson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My ideal client is someone ready to heal from trauma, grief, or patterns that keep them feeling stuck. They may struggle with anxiety, depression, or self-sabotage and are seeking a safe, supportive space to understand themselves and grow. They want to break old cycles, reconnect with their inner child, and build healthier relationships rooted in self-compassion, resilience, and authenticity.
My ideal client is someone ready to heal from trauma, grief, or patterns that keep them feeling stuck. They may struggle with anxiety, depression, or self-sabotage and are seeking a safe, supportive space to understand themselves and grow. They want to break old cycles, reconnect with their inner child, and build healthier relationships rooted in self-compassion, resilience, and authenticity.
(615) 845-6578 View (615) 845-6578
Photo of Kelly Sheets - Kelly Sheets - NOCD, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Kelly Sheets - NOCD
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Online Only
From my own experience, I know OCD can be incredibly isolating. Intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors often make us feel separate from others. My primary goals are to normalize the experience and help you learn to manage your symptoms. At NOCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
From my own experience, I know OCD can be incredibly isolating. Intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors often make us feel separate from others. My primary goals are to normalize the experience and help you learn to manage your symptoms. At NOCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
(629) 260-3531 View (629) 260-3531
Photo of Dr. Alice Thornewill, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Alice Thornewill
Psychologist, PhD
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I am co-founder and director of the Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy & Mindfulness, cbtmindful.com. I provide teletherapy (therapy through video calls) to clients throughout Pennsylvania. I believe that everyone can benefit from therapy. Whether you have been struggling with mental health concerns for years or are newly curious about how to better support your mental wellbeing, therapy can help. Our work together can to help you cope with life’s challenges, learn more about yourself, improve your relationships, increase your self-esteem, get in touch with your values, and learn skills to help you lead a more fulfilling life.
I am co-founder and director of the Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy & Mindfulness, cbtmindful.com. I provide teletherapy (therapy through video calls) to clients throughout Pennsylvania. I believe that everyone can benefit from therapy. Whether you have been struggling with mental health concerns for years or are newly curious about how to better support your mental wellbeing, therapy can help. Our work together can to help you cope with life’s challenges, learn more about yourself, improve your relationships, increase your self-esteem, get in touch with your values, and learn skills to help you lead a more fulfilling life.
(844) 287-4228 View (844) 287-4228
Photo of Dr. Michael Accardo, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Michael Accardo
Psychologist, PhD
4 Endorsed
Online Only
I have crafted a career working with Transgender and Gender Diverse individuals, recognizing their unique challenges, providing specialized care that validates their identities, and receiving specialty training and support through WPATH. Additionally, my expertise extends to working with Autistic and Neurodivergent individuals, building an accommodating environment to optimize therapeutic outcomes and enhance a sense of identity. I have a particular focus on addressing Racial Stress and Trauma, ensuring culturally competent care. We all have unique perspectives and strengths that can be cultivated to overcome any challenge.
I have crafted a career working with Transgender and Gender Diverse individuals, recognizing their unique challenges, providing specialized care that validates their identities, and receiving specialty training and support through WPATH. Additionally, my expertise extends to working with Autistic and Neurodivergent individuals, building an accommodating environment to optimize therapeutic outcomes and enhance a sense of identity. I have a particular focus on addressing Racial Stress and Trauma, ensuring culturally competent care. We all have unique perspectives and strengths that can be cultivated to overcome any challenge.
(844) 287-4228 View (844) 287-4228
Photo of Melanie Copeland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Melanie Copeland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Choosing to begin therapy can be a scary and intimidating process. If you are here, you've chosen to be brave. I serve as a guide and support to help you achieve a better quality of life. I specialize in working with adults 18 and older living with depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder and PTSD. I am honored to meet you exactly where you are - just as you are. I look forward to working with you in this safe and judgement free space.
Choosing to begin therapy can be a scary and intimidating process. If you are here, you've chosen to be brave. I serve as a guide and support to help you achieve a better quality of life. I specialize in working with adults 18 and older living with depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder and PTSD. I am honored to meet you exactly where you are - just as you are. I look forward to working with you in this safe and judgement free space.
(615) 623-8973 View (615) 623-8973
Photo of Katherine Gibson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Katherine Gibson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi! I’m Katherine, and I’m so glad you’re here. Life can take us to places that we never imagined and leave us wondering how to move forward and take the next step towards healing. I want to come alongside you and take that next step with you, or just sit with you in the dark until you can see the light again. You have already taken a courageous step towards the healing that you deserve, and I would be honored to join you on your healing journey.
Hi! I’m Katherine, and I’m so glad you’re here. Life can take us to places that we never imagined and leave us wondering how to move forward and take the next step towards healing. I want to come alongside you and take that next step with you, or just sit with you in the dark until you can see the light again. You have already taken a courageous step towards the healing that you deserve, and I would be honored to join you on your healing journey.
(423) 564-6222 View (423) 564-6222
Photo of Dr. Nubian Sun, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, BACS
Dr. Nubian Sun
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, BACS
Online Only
I am a compassionate, culturally responsive therapist dedicated to supporting individuals, families, and groups as they navigate healing, growth, and self-discovery. My clinical approach is grounded in trauma-informed and healing-informed care, integrating evidence-based practices with deep respect for each client’s lived experience, identity, and strengths. I have extensive experience working with adults impacted by trauma, chronic stress, and major life transitions. I strive to bring a calm, authentic presence to the therapeutic space and believe therapy works best when clients feel seen, heard, and empowered.
I am a compassionate, culturally responsive therapist dedicated to supporting individuals, families, and groups as they navigate healing, growth, and self-discovery. My clinical approach is grounded in trauma-informed and healing-informed care, integrating evidence-based practices with deep respect for each client’s lived experience, identity, and strengths. I have extensive experience working with adults impacted by trauma, chronic stress, and major life transitions. I strive to bring a calm, authentic presence to the therapeutic space and believe therapy works best when clients feel seen, heard, and empowered.
(504) 276-6303 View (504) 276-6303
Photo of Melissa Torres - Melissa Torres - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Melissa Torres - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Online Only
Therapy is something of a family calling—my mom is a therapist, and my own mental health journey inspired me to continue that path. I have deep compassion for those living with OCD and truly understand how anxiety can distort thoughts and emotions. Having faced my own fears and intrusive thoughts, I know how powerful therapy can be—and how hard it can feel to open up. My goal is to create a safe, supportive space where you can share freely and begin to heal without judgment.
Therapy is something of a family calling—my mom is a therapist, and my own mental health journey inspired me to continue that path. I have deep compassion for those living with OCD and truly understand how anxiety can distort thoughts and emotions. Having faced my own fears and intrusive thoughts, I know how powerful therapy can be—and how hard it can feel to open up. My goal is to create a safe, supportive space where you can share freely and begin to heal without judgment.
(615) 502-4928 View (615) 502-4928
Photo of Tia Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tia Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hi, my name is Tia Kyles Jackson and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years of experience working with children, youth and adults to help them deal with difficult life changing events and mental health issues. I also offer support, guidance and a listening ear when needed.
Hi, my name is Tia Kyles Jackson and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 30 years of experience working with children, youth and adults to help them deal with difficult life changing events and mental health issues. I also offer support, guidance and a listening ear when needed.
(615) 827-4485 View (615) 827-4485
Photo of Jennifer Woodruff - Jennifer Woodruff - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW, LICSW
Jennifer Woodruff - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW, LICSW
Online Only
I recognize that everyone has unique situations and struggles that brought them to where they are today. My goal is to empower people with the tools they need to move beyond the place where they're stuck. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of OCD and related conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
I recognize that everyone has unique situations and struggles that brought them to where they are today. My goal is to empower people with the tools they need to move beyond the place where they're stuck. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of OCD and related conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
(629) 263-4686 View (629) 263-4686
Photo of Dr. Jessica Weis, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Jessica Weis
Psychologist, PsyD
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and work with adolescents and adults who have a variety of presenting problems, including anxiety, depression, and relationship concerns. I believe in the importance of developing a positive therapeutic relationship in order to foster growth and change in my clients.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and work with adolescents and adults who have a variety of presenting problems, including anxiety, depression, and relationship concerns. I believe in the importance of developing a positive therapeutic relationship in order to foster growth and change in my clients.
(844) 287-4228 View (844) 287-4228

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sabrina Mitchell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
Sabrina Mitchell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38132
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I provide a warm, grounded, and collaborative space where you can explore your experiences without judgment. My approach is rooted in the belief that meaningful change happens when you feel truly seen, supported, and empowered. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, or major life transitions, I work with you to understand the patterns that are keeping you stuck and help you build the tools to move forward with clarity and confidence.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I provide a warm, grounded, and collaborative space where you can explore your experiences without judgment. My approach is rooted in the belief that meaningful change happens when you feel truly seen, supported, and empowered. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, or major life transitions, I work with you to understand the patterns that are keeping you stuck and help you build the tools to move forward with clarity and confidence.
(901) 675-7534 View (901) 675-7534

See more therapy options for 38109

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 38109

10+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in 38109 who prioritize treating:

89% Depression
79% Anxiety
74% Relationship Issues
63% Stress
58% Self Esteem
53% Trauma and PTSD
47% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Aetna
75% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 38109 see their clients

74% Online Only
26% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

81% Female
13% Male
6% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 38109?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.