Therapists in 37315

Photo of Linda Peoples, Counselor, PhD, RN, LPC, MHSP
Linda Peoples
Counselor, PhD, RN, LPC, MHSP
Serves Area
Life can be confusing and frustrating. Counseling can help you to explore and make decisions towards a healthy future. Taking care of one's emotional health is important, you are worth it. I believe a counselor can be a fresh pair of eyes with the expertise to help one find their way through life's events. Due to COVID-19 concerns sessions are now being offered via tele-health video or telephone.
Life can be confusing and frustrating. Counseling can help you to explore and make decisions towards a healthy future. Taking care of one's emotional health is important, you are worth it. I believe a counselor can be a fresh pair of eyes with the expertise to help one find their way through life's events. Due to COVID-19 concerns sessions are now being offered via tele-health video or telephone.
(423) 484-8022 View (423) 484-8022
Photo of V. Ritchie Pruehs, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
V. Ritchie Pruehs
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
I love working with individuals who have tried to change so many times they’ve almost lost hope. As a trauma therapist specializing in Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapy and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) for couples, I help clients heal the root causes of anxiety, panic attacks, depression, PTSD/trauma, burnout, addiction, and relationship issues. I’m specially trained in removing Unattached Burdens or UB's. I offer online therapy, pre-marital counseling, marriage counseling, and deep childhood wound healing so you no longer crave old habits.
I love working with individuals who have tried to change so many times they’ve almost lost hope. As a trauma therapist specializing in Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapy and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) for couples, I help clients heal the root causes of anxiety, panic attacks, depression, PTSD/trauma, burnout, addiction, and relationship issues. I’m specially trained in removing Unattached Burdens or UB's. I offer online therapy, pre-marital counseling, marriage counseling, and deep childhood wound healing so you no longer crave old habits.
(423) 380-1815 View (423) 380-1815
Photo of Julie Fickley, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, CMHC
Julie Fickley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, CMHC
8 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Life is filled with so much beauty and pain. We have all been through more than enough difficulties in the past few years. Perhaps what is currently challenging for you has also brought up wounds from your past. Perhaps you are overwhelmed and can no longer manage your emotions, thoughts, or behaviors. Perhaps you feel ashamed or alone or hopeless. I am here to help.
Life is filled with so much beauty and pain. We have all been through more than enough difficulties in the past few years. Perhaps what is currently challenging for you has also brought up wounds from your past. Perhaps you are overwhelmed and can no longer manage your emotions, thoughts, or behaviors. Perhaps you feel ashamed or alone or hopeless. I am here to help.
(423) 205-6841 View (423) 205-6841
Photo of Heather Beck, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Heather Beck
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Online Only
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a deep passion for empowering individuals to live thriving, satisfying, and fulfilling lives. My approach is rooted in empathy, collaboration, and respect for each individual's unique journey. I believe that we all possess inner strength that can be hidden behind the struggles we have encountered. Whether you’re navigating personal challenges, seeking self-improvement, or overcoming life’s obstacles, I am here to walk alongside you in creating a life that feels meaningful and satisfying.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a deep passion for empowering individuals to live thriving, satisfying, and fulfilling lives. My approach is rooted in empathy, collaboration, and respect for each individual's unique journey. I believe that we all possess inner strength that can be hidden behind the struggles we have encountered. Whether you’re navigating personal challenges, seeking self-improvement, or overcoming life’s obstacles, I am here to walk alongside you in creating a life that feels meaningful and satisfying.
(423) 540-1840 View (423) 540-1840
Photo of Latonia R Schmidt, Marriage & Family Therapist
Latonia R Schmidt
Marriage & Family Therapist
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I have a passion to integrate my "something•to•do to show Who•God•Is" 1 Cor 12:7 in partnering with those who would like to live fully in a growing, connecting and restoring, redeemed experience with each other and our Creator. I especially have a heart for marriage and families, having come from a torn-apart family system. I see each client as a whole person—mind, body, and spirit—deeply loved by God. I want others to know there is hope and healing, redemption in these heart-breaking experiences.
I have a passion to integrate my "something•to•do to show Who•God•Is" 1 Cor 12:7 in partnering with those who would like to live fully in a growing, connecting and restoring, redeemed experience with each other and our Creator. I especially have a heart for marriage and families, having come from a torn-apart family system. I see each client as a whole person—mind, body, and spirit—deeply loved by God. I want others to know there is hope and healing, redemption in these heart-breaking experiences.
(615) 709-7677 View (615) 709-7677
Photo of Roberta Fish, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Roberta Fish
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over thirty years of experience empowering clients to have exceptional lives.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over thirty years of experience empowering clients to have exceptional lives.
(423) 583-8183 View (423) 583-8183

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Erin Fowler Hatcliff, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MA
Erin Fowler Hatcliff
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MA
7 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37409
Counseling can have life long impacts on a person’s quality of life, self-worth and relationships. When we explore our thoughts, emotions, and actions from a curious and compassionate stance, we develop self-reliance and new opportunities to relate to others and ourselves. I approach therapy as a collaborative process. I am committed to helping you set goals and celebrating with you as you make progress.
Counseling can have life long impacts on a person’s quality of life, self-worth and relationships. When we explore our thoughts, emotions, and actions from a curious and compassionate stance, we develop self-reliance and new opportunities to relate to others and ourselves. I approach therapy as a collaborative process. I am committed to helping you set goals and celebrating with you as you make progress.
(423) 210-4493 View (423) 210-4493
Photo of Karen Chambless, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, NCC
Karen Chambless
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, NCC
Chattanooga, TN 37405
Religious and spiritual harm can affect every part of our lives, even if we have left a belief system or community. Maybe you're feeling isolated because of your questions, you're noticing increased panic around religious beliefs or practices, or you're noticing just how mean your internal voice is to you. Whether you'd like to process childhood religious experiences, your current or recent struggles with religious/faith deconstruction, or explore concerns about the impact of religion on family or friends, therapy can help.
Religious and spiritual harm can affect every part of our lives, even if we have left a belief system or community. Maybe you're feeling isolated because of your questions, you're noticing increased panic around religious beliefs or practices, or you're noticing just how mean your internal voice is to you. Whether you'd like to process childhood religious experiences, your current or recent struggles with religious/faith deconstruction, or explore concerns about the impact of religion on family or friends, therapy can help.
(423) 214-2146 View (423) 214-2146
Photo of Blake Feagans, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Blake Feagans
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
12 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
I specialize in providing therapeutic services to individuals across various age groups (8+), addressing concerns like: trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD, sexual addiction, relational challenges, academic difficulties, spirituality, identity, and grief. My approach is rooted in relational therapy, emphasizing the significance of authentic connections and mutual accountability in the healing process. I find fulfillment in assisting individuals who struggle to establish meaningful connections and are often marginalized or labeled as "challenging." Additionally, I offer specialized weekly group support for male sex addiction.
I specialize in providing therapeutic services to individuals across various age groups (8+), addressing concerns like: trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD, sexual addiction, relational challenges, academic difficulties, spirituality, identity, and grief. My approach is rooted in relational therapy, emphasizing the significance of authentic connections and mutual accountability in the healing process. I find fulfillment in assisting individuals who struggle to establish meaningful connections and are often marginalized or labeled as "challenging." Additionally, I offer specialized weekly group support for male sex addiction.
(423) 403-3553 View (423) 403-3553
Miguelina Santana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Take the First Step Toward a Healthier Future! Starting therapy is a courageous step, and I’m here to make this journey more manageable for you. Whether you’re facing stress or anxiety or seeking personal growth, I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore solutions, provide tools, and develop skills that work for you, always working toward identifying and pursuing your envisioned goals in life. Why Choose Me? • Experienced & Compassionate Care • Cultural Sensitiveness & Global Perspective • Bilingual Therapy (English/Spanish • Commitment to Real, Lasting Change
Take the First Step Toward a Healthier Future! Starting therapy is a courageous step, and I’m here to make this journey more manageable for you. Whether you’re facing stress or anxiety or seeking personal growth, I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore solutions, provide tools, and develop skills that work for you, always working toward identifying and pursuing your envisioned goals in life. Why Choose Me? • Experienced & Compassionate Care • Cultural Sensitiveness & Global Perspective • Bilingual Therapy (English/Spanish • Commitment to Real, Lasting Change
(423) 528-9324 View (423) 528-9324
Photo of Angela Lancaster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Angela Lancaster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
Your anxiety, depression or trauma is making life more and more difficult. You are struggling to sleep, relax or enjoy the things you used to. Daily stressors and demands feel overwhelming; you're burnout and exhausted. You feel stuck in a vicious cycle of overthinking, perfectionism and comparing yourself to others. No matter how hard you try nothing ever feels good enough. You feel lost and alone. You often worry that you are a burden or that other’s won’t understand so you keep all the pain inside and try to manage it on your own. You are tired of waking up each day hoping it will be better and are ready for real, lasting change.
Your anxiety, depression or trauma is making life more and more difficult. You are struggling to sleep, relax or enjoy the things you used to. Daily stressors and demands feel overwhelming; you're burnout and exhausted. You feel stuck in a vicious cycle of overthinking, perfectionism and comparing yourself to others. No matter how hard you try nothing ever feels good enough. You feel lost and alone. You often worry that you are a burden or that other’s won’t understand so you keep all the pain inside and try to manage it on your own. You are tired of waking up each day hoping it will be better and are ready for real, lasting change.
(727) 382-4177 View (727) 382-4177
Photo of Francoise Mastroianni, Counselor, LCPC, Hypnoth, SEP, CCPS, CSAS
Francoise Mastroianni
Counselor, LCPC, Hypnoth, SEP, CCPS, CSAS
Ooltewah, TN 37363
Certified Sexual Addiction Specialist, Partner Specialist. Treating a multidimensional protocol for the attachment injury on many levels can be traumatizing. The aftermath of discovery/disclosure induces symptoms that impact physiological responses to the mind, body.The treatment protocol for sexual addiction induced trauma I practice is EMDR, as well as 2 day Intensives. Somatic Experience delves into the wounds of how the body holds the trauma using SE as an integrative trauma model.Emotionally Focused Therapy allows helping couples to get to their deepest needs/hurt/rejection/ and betrayal.
Certified Sexual Addiction Specialist, Partner Specialist. Treating a multidimensional protocol for the attachment injury on many levels can be traumatizing. The aftermath of discovery/disclosure induces symptoms that impact physiological responses to the mind, body.The treatment protocol for sexual addiction induced trauma I practice is EMDR, as well as 2 day Intensives. Somatic Experience delves into the wounds of how the body holds the trauma using SE as an integrative trauma model.Emotionally Focused Therapy allows helping couples to get to their deepest needs/hurt/rejection/ and betrayal.
(630) 282-4643 View (630) 282-4643
Photo of Dr. Ashley Salter, Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
Dr. Ashley Salter
Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
I offer comprehensive Psychological Evaluation Services for children and adults. Diagnosis and defining the problem accurately are the first steps to effective intervention and why assessment is so important to your treatment journey. A comprehensive evaluation and an evidence-based intervention plan can increase understanding of your mental health and learning difficulties as well as provide the proper direction and accommodations needed to succeed not only in treatment, but in academics, work, and everyday life.
I offer comprehensive Psychological Evaluation Services for children and adults. Diagnosis and defining the problem accurately are the first steps to effective intervention and why assessment is so important to your treatment journey. A comprehensive evaluation and an evidence-based intervention plan can increase understanding of your mental health and learning difficulties as well as provide the proper direction and accommodations needed to succeed not only in treatment, but in academics, work, and everyday life.
(423) 481-9239 View (423) 481-9239
Photo of Brandon Santan, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, BC-TMH
Brandon Santan
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, BC-TMH
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Dr. Santan specializes in Anxiety Disorders (general anxiety, OCD, phobias, panic, worry, fear, stress), Romantic Relationships (pre-marriage counseling, marriage counseling, couples counseling), Financial Wellness (Dave Ramsey Certified Financial Coach) and Spiritual Wellness (Christianity and healing from bad church experiences). Let Dr. Santan help you find the relief that you've been wanting. Dr. Santan will work to get to the root of your challenges while also helping with symptom management.
Dr. Santan specializes in Anxiety Disorders (general anxiety, OCD, phobias, panic, worry, fear, stress), Romantic Relationships (pre-marriage counseling, marriage counseling, couples counseling), Financial Wellness (Dave Ramsey Certified Financial Coach) and Spiritual Wellness (Christianity and healing from bad church experiences). Let Dr. Santan help you find the relief that you've been wanting. Dr. Santan will work to get to the root of your challenges while also helping with symptom management.
(423) 380-0724 View (423) 380-0724
Photo of Tara Murphy, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Tara Murphy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
If you are feeling hopeless, out of control, or stuck about what is going on in your life, you have come to the right place. The most common issues clients come to me with are: grief, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, job/school stress, self-esteem issues, divorce care, and midlife "crisis." Also, some people seek therapy because they just feel "blah" and unfulfilled and they don't know why. If any of this rings a bell with you, let's talk! I can help by offering new perspectives, teaching coping skills, and introducing more helpful thinking patterns. Change can be so hard, but you don't have to do it alone.
If you are feeling hopeless, out of control, or stuck about what is going on in your life, you have come to the right place. The most common issues clients come to me with are: grief, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, job/school stress, self-esteem issues, divorce care, and midlife "crisis." Also, some people seek therapy because they just feel "blah" and unfulfilled and they don't know why. If any of this rings a bell with you, let's talk! I can help by offering new perspectives, teaching coping skills, and introducing more helpful thinking patterns. Change can be so hard, but you don't have to do it alone.
(423) 564-4344 View (423) 564-4344
Photo of Cole Szabo, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADAC
Cole Szabo
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADAC
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37421
Finding the right support can seem daunting, I'm here to help. Hi there, my name is Cole. As a Licensed Counselor with 10+ years of experience, I've helped teens, young adults and families thrive in settings like residential treatment, outpatient care, and community programs. I specialize in helping teens and young adults ages 12-30 reduce anxiety, cope with depression, manage ADHD, address behavioral issues, navigate family conflict, handle school or social challenges, reduce self-harm and suicidal thoughts, or recover from substance use. I provide individualized care unique to your needs.
Finding the right support can seem daunting, I'm here to help. Hi there, my name is Cole. As a Licensed Counselor with 10+ years of experience, I've helped teens, young adults and families thrive in settings like residential treatment, outpatient care, and community programs. I specialize in helping teens and young adults ages 12-30 reduce anxiety, cope with depression, manage ADHD, address behavioral issues, navigate family conflict, handle school or social challenges, reduce self-harm and suicidal thoughts, or recover from substance use. I provide individualized care unique to your needs.
(423) 456-5697 View (423) 456-5697
Photo of Cody Towe, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MA
Cody Towe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MA
4 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I work with individuals, couples, and families desiring to gain deeper insight, overcome difficulties, and find healing within the context of a safe and secure therapeutic environment. I have experience working with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, grief and loss, trauma, obsessive-compulsive disorder, career direction, and identity issues.
I work with individuals, couples, and families desiring to gain deeper insight, overcome difficulties, and find healing within the context of a safe and secure therapeutic environment. I have experience working with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, grief and loss, trauma, obsessive-compulsive disorder, career direction, and identity issues.
(423) 427-6552 View (423) 427-6552
Photo of Christy Falco, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Christy Falco
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37408
Taking the first step toward therapy can feel daunting—I truly understand how overwhelming it might seem to search for someone who can offer the support you need. If you're longing for a safe, non-judgmental space where you can share openly, feel deeply understood, and build a brighter path forward, I'm here to walk alongside you with compassion and care. Whether you're hoping to ease anxiety, heal from depression, build greater self-confidence, navigate grief, manage life transitions, or develop practical tools for everyday challenges, it would be my privilege to support you on this journey.
Taking the first step toward therapy can feel daunting—I truly understand how overwhelming it might seem to search for someone who can offer the support you need. If you're longing for a safe, non-judgmental space where you can share openly, feel deeply understood, and build a brighter path forward, I'm here to walk alongside you with compassion and care. Whether you're hoping to ease anxiety, heal from depression, build greater self-confidence, navigate grief, manage life transitions, or develop practical tools for everyday challenges, it would be my privilege to support you on this journey.
(423) 205-1259 View (423) 205-1259
Photo of Raekenya Walker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW , LSSW
Raekenya Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW , LSSW
Chattanooga, TN 37411
Have you ever been told you are "too much" but you constantly feel like you aren't enough? Or have you ever been depressed but felt guilty because outside looking in you "have it all together"? I've been there and I know how it feels. As a therapist, I offer empathy and help you develop healthy strategies to mute those negative thoughts. I give you the tools to ask for what you need in personal and professional relationships. I remind you that anxiety, depression, and past traumas do not make you broken or flawed. Your brain just works differently and I show you ways to manage that. I believe in you!
Have you ever been told you are "too much" but you constantly feel like you aren't enough? Or have you ever been depressed but felt guilty because outside looking in you "have it all together"? I've been there and I know how it feels. As a therapist, I offer empathy and help you develop healthy strategies to mute those negative thoughts. I give you the tools to ask for what you need in personal and professional relationships. I remind you that anxiety, depression, and past traumas do not make you broken or flawed. Your brain just works differently and I show you ways to manage that. I believe in you!
(615) 392-6593 View (615) 392-6593
Photo of Kelsey Dupree, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP
Kelsey Dupree
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
There are several things in my life which drive me to be a counselor. My own past with it struggles, acceptances, failures, and successes drive me to do what I do. I am able to sit in dark places, empathize with struggle and loneliness, and challenge ways of thinking and behaving from a non-judgmental place. I love the unique position a counselor has to problem solve through the failures, walk the uphill road to recovery, and celebrate the success and growth that comes out of the journey.
There are several things in my life which drive me to be a counselor. My own past with it struggles, acceptances, failures, and successes drive me to do what I do. I am able to sit in dark places, empathize with struggle and loneliness, and challenge ways of thinking and behaving from a non-judgmental place. I love the unique position a counselor has to problem solve through the failures, walk the uphill road to recovery, and celebrate the success and growth that comes out of the journey.
(470) 768-9215 View (470) 768-9215

See more therapy options for 37315

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 37315

< 10

Therapists in 37315 who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
83% Depression
83% Trauma and PTSD
83% Self Esteem
83% Stress

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
50% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 37315 see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 37315?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.