Photo of Julia Grimoldi, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Julia Grimoldi
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217  (Online Only)
My practice is focused on decreasing anxiety and fear to help my clients develop a clearer idea of who they are, what they feel, and what they need. Clients who seek my care are often looking for ways to feel more confident and less fearful of the future so they can live in the moment, instead of waiting for the other shoe to drop. Feeling the need to achieve at all costs, focusing only on “what’s next”, and feeling a constant need to stay busy are all experiences I help adults learn to recognize, reframe, and conquer.
My practice is focused on decreasing anxiety and fear to help my clients develop a clearer idea of who they are, what they feel, and what they need. Clients who seek my care are often looking for ways to feel more confident and less fearful of the future so they can live in the moment, instead of waiting for the other shoe to drop. Feeling the need to achieve at all costs, focusing only on “what’s next”, and feeling a constant need to stay busy are all experiences I help adults learn to recognize, reframe, and conquer.
(629) 245-2563 View (629) 245-2563
Photo of Olivia Carrie Taylor, LPCMHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Olivia Carrie Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Olivia Taylor, LPC-MHSP is a licensed clinician at New Directions Wellness Center in Nashville, TN. Olivia has eleven plus years as a therapist specializing in providing therapy for children, adolescents and families. She has previous experience working with family court, DCS, and juvenile corrections. She comes to New Directions after working with children, adolescents, and adults in a community mental health setting for over 2 years.
Olivia Taylor, LPC-MHSP is a licensed clinician at New Directions Wellness Center in Nashville, TN. Olivia has eleven plus years as a therapist specializing in providing therapy for children, adolescents and families. She has previous experience working with family court, DCS, and juvenile corrections. She comes to New Directions after working with children, adolescents, and adults in a community mental health setting for over 2 years.
(615) 437-9503 View (615) 437-9503
Photo of Shari Anderson, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Shari Anderson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
I help women move forward and rebuild after divorce or difficult breakup, couples find clarity in their relationship, and families dealing with the aftermath of divorce. My passion is supporting clients as they navigate life’s toughest moments, as these life transitions can have you feeling all the things – overwhelmed, scared, sad, angry, and frustrated. Accepting and adjusting to these changes can be hard to handle on your own, so that's where I come in. I support you as you figure out next steps, manage relational conflict or make a life-changing decision. The goal is to empower you to make decisions that will honor you.
I help women move forward and rebuild after divorce or difficult breakup, couples find clarity in their relationship, and families dealing with the aftermath of divorce. My passion is supporting clients as they navigate life’s toughest moments, as these life transitions can have you feeling all the things – overwhelmed, scared, sad, angry, and frustrated. Accepting and adjusting to these changes can be hard to handle on your own, so that's where I come in. I support you as you figure out next steps, manage relational conflict or make a life-changing decision. The goal is to empower you to make decisions that will honor you.
(629) 209-8323 View (629) 209-8323
Photo of Amora Freire Leite, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amora Freire Leite
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
Not accepting new clients
Does it sometimes feel like you’re stuck in the darkness and it’s hard to see where to go next? Do you want to increase a sense of lightness and connectedness in your life and relationships? If so, therapy can be a safe harbor from which to slow down and cast a light in your internal life and experiences and, within yourself, find ways to live a more fulfilling life. I have helped individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions and relational issues live life more fully after difficult experiences. I believe in each person's capacity to find the way to a brighter and more meaningful life.
Does it sometimes feel like you’re stuck in the darkness and it’s hard to see where to go next? Do you want to increase a sense of lightness and connectedness in your life and relationships? If so, therapy can be a safe harbor from which to slow down and cast a light in your internal life and experiences and, within yourself, find ways to live a more fulfilling life. I have helped individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions and relational issues live life more fully after difficult experiences. I believe in each person's capacity to find the way to a brighter and more meaningful life.
(615) 581-1671 View (615) 581-1671
Photo of Roy Woods, MC, LPC, MHSP, NCC, CPCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Roy Woods
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC, MHSP, NCC, CPCS
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217  (Online Only)
Embrace the transformative power of anxiety, worry, stress, uncertainty and fear by unlocking your true potential through the mastery of coping skills along with mental and behavioral reprogramming. All of the aforementioned are often misunderstood and stigmatized, yet with the proper guidance all can be a catalyst for growth and personal development. Instead of allowing these learned behaviors to control us, we have the power to harness its energy and transform it into a force for positive change. By doing so, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities and unlock the limitless potential that resides within us.
Embrace the transformative power of anxiety, worry, stress, uncertainty and fear by unlocking your true potential through the mastery of coping skills along with mental and behavioral reprogramming. All of the aforementioned are often misunderstood and stigmatized, yet with the proper guidance all can be a catalyst for growth and personal development. Instead of allowing these learned behaviors to control us, we have the power to harness its energy and transform it into a force for positive change. By doing so, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities and unlock the limitless potential that resides within us.
(615) 637-3891 View (615) 637-3891
Photo of Benjamin Dixon, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Benjamin Dixon
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Choosing a therapist can be intimidating. I work to create a safe, supportive, and confidential space for you to take that step. I offer an authentic and personal connection with my clients so they can express and process their unique journey. Many of my clients struggle with emotional expression, connections with others, relationship issues, and trauma. I also have experience in addictions and family issues.
Choosing a therapist can be intimidating. I work to create a safe, supportive, and confidential space for you to take that step. I offer an authentic and personal connection with my clients so they can express and process their unique journey. Many of my clients struggle with emotional expression, connections with others, relationship issues, and trauma. I also have experience in addictions and family issues.
(615) 845-6742 View (615) 845-6742
Photo of Bradford Pippen, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Bradford Pippen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
I believe in creating a safe, collaborative space for processing, healing and growth. I use evidence-based interventions to help clients navigate trauma, improve difficult relationships, stabilize mental health concerns, and expand through personal development. I’ve worked with diverse populations, mental health disorders and those involved in the criminal justice system. Whether processing life events, learning forgiveness, or showing up for yourself and others, I’m here to support you on your journey to a healthier, more fulfilling life.
I believe in creating a safe, collaborative space for processing, healing and growth. I use evidence-based interventions to help clients navigate trauma, improve difficult relationships, stabilize mental health concerns, and expand through personal development. I’ve worked with diverse populations, mental health disorders and those involved in the criminal justice system. Whether processing life events, learning forgiveness, or showing up for yourself and others, I’m here to support you on your journey to a healthier, more fulfilling life.
(629) 302-1930 View (629) 302-1930
Photo of Courtney L. Turley, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Courtney L. Turley
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
My preferred clients are children, individuals, and couples. With children, I focus primarily on adjustment and trauma-related issues. I utilize many different methodologies to target specific areas of interest and then rebuild their self-image. In individual therapy, I consider it an honor to walk with you as you explore your inner-most drives and motivations. I see us as a team, and I am not successful until you are. Lastly, as your couples therapist, I am dedicated to securing your relationship. I plan to stick together with you two as you put an end to harmful communication patterns and return to a place of love.
My preferred clients are children, individuals, and couples. With children, I focus primarily on adjustment and trauma-related issues. I utilize many different methodologies to target specific areas of interest and then rebuild their self-image. In individual therapy, I consider it an honor to walk with you as you explore your inner-most drives and motivations. I see us as a team, and I am not successful until you are. Lastly, as your couples therapist, I am dedicated to securing your relationship. I plan to stick together with you two as you put an end to harmful communication patterns and return to a place of love.
(615) 307-8773 View (615) 307-8773
Photo of Candice N. Reid, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Candice N. Reid
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217  (Online Only)
Welcome to the next step! The step that follows acknowledging that you cannot do this alone. Grief, trauma, and racial/ethnic identity issues are challenging to navigate. Whether this is your first time or not, I commend you for your willingness to be vulnerable and your readiness to work toward growth and change. No matter if you believe the issue is a "quick fix", so complex that you struggle to put it into words, or if you just feel that something is not sitting well within you and making you uneasy in your skin, I am here for you.
Welcome to the next step! The step that follows acknowledging that you cannot do this alone. Grief, trauma, and racial/ethnic identity issues are challenging to navigate. Whether this is your first time or not, I commend you for your willingness to be vulnerable and your readiness to work toward growth and change. No matter if you believe the issue is a "quick fix", so complex that you struggle to put it into words, or if you just feel that something is not sitting well within you and making you uneasy in your skin, I am here for you.
(615) 667-8268 View (615) 667-8268
Photo of Jay Shannon Daughtry, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jay Shannon Daughtry
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Have you experienced pain, loss, disappointment or unexpected change? I am here to help individuals, young adults, couples and families process these experiences in a safe and compassionate environment. Together we can unpack the pain and navigate the issues you are facing. You don't have to face it alone. We can identify realistic goals and relationship strategies as well as boundaries and strategies for growing forward. My desire is to facilitate communication and conflict resolution that is emotionally healing and beneficial. For couples, this process fosters interactions that increase and strengthen attachment and bonding.
Have you experienced pain, loss, disappointment or unexpected change? I am here to help individuals, young adults, couples and families process these experiences in a safe and compassionate environment. Together we can unpack the pain and navigate the issues you are facing. You don't have to face it alone. We can identify realistic goals and relationship strategies as well as boundaries and strategies for growing forward. My desire is to facilitate communication and conflict resolution that is emotionally healing and beneficial. For couples, this process fosters interactions that increase and strengthen attachment and bonding.
(615) 933-4992 View (615) 933-4992
Photo of Amanda Wells, LPC, MHSP, (temp), Pre-Licensed Professional
Amanda Wells
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, MHSP, (temp)
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Every person's story is unique and worth exploring. I strive to make therapy an inclusive space where individuals feel free to be their whole, authentic self. My goal is to walk with you on your journey to wellness, whatever the destination might be. I work with young children, teens, and adults. I most commonly focus on helping those trying to manage ADHD, anxiety, stress from life transitions, and anyone searching for a positive change.
Every person's story is unique and worth exploring. I strive to make therapy an inclusive space where individuals feel free to be their whole, authentic self. My goal is to walk with you on your journey to wellness, whatever the destination might be. I work with young children, teens, and adults. I most commonly focus on helping those trying to manage ADHD, anxiety, stress from life transitions, and anyone searching for a positive change.
(615) 541-9624 View (615) 541-9624
Photo of Amber Owens, LMSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Amber Owens
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
Whether you are navigating life's complexities or processing emotions, my goal is to provide a safe, comfortable environment to work towards self discovery, healing, and growth. I utilize a combination of therapeutic approaches and theories including strengths-based, person centered, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, and mindfulness.
Whether you are navigating life's complexities or processing emotions, my goal is to provide a safe, comfortable environment to work towards self discovery, healing, and growth. I utilize a combination of therapeutic approaches and theories including strengths-based, person centered, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy, and mindfulness.
(615) 703-4202 View (615) 703-4202
Photo of Rachel Munch, MLC, LPC Intern
Rachel Munch
LPC Intern, MLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
I understand the importance of feeling safe and heard and having a partner as you navigate the difficult trials life can bestow, and I would be proud to be that partner to help you on your journey to wellness. I support a wide range of areas: OCD, Personality Disorders, Self-Awareness, Self-Esteem, Anxiety + Depression, Trauma + PTSD, Stress Management, Self Compassion, Body Image, Spirituality, Family Conflict, LGBTQIA+ Affirming, Polyamory/ Non-Monogamy/ Open Relationships, Parenting + Co-Parenting Skills, Relationship Issues, Life Transitions, Pregnancy, Perinatal, and Postpartum Childhood Trauma, Adoption, Sexual Assault, etc.
I understand the importance of feeling safe and heard and having a partner as you navigate the difficult trials life can bestow, and I would be proud to be that partner to help you on your journey to wellness. I support a wide range of areas: OCD, Personality Disorders, Self-Awareness, Self-Esteem, Anxiety + Depression, Trauma + PTSD, Stress Management, Self Compassion, Body Image, Spirituality, Family Conflict, LGBTQIA+ Affirming, Polyamory/ Non-Monogamy/ Open Relationships, Parenting + Co-Parenting Skills, Relationship Issues, Life Transitions, Pregnancy, Perinatal, and Postpartum Childhood Trauma, Adoption, Sexual Assault, etc.
(615) 235-6462 View (615) 235-6462
Photo of Jennifer Michelle Dozier, PhD, LADAC, LPC-MHS, SAP, QCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Michelle Dozier
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LADAC, LPC-MHS, SAP, QCS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217  (Online Only)
We all carry the weight of past experiences, and I’m here to guide you toward becoming the best version of yourself. Whether you’re struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, or addiction, there is a path forward. I know many have tried other therapies before, but my specialized training in Brainspotting has made a profound difference for my clients. Healing trauma can be challenging, but there is hope. Life is too precious to spend it feeling stuck, and you don’t have to go through it alone. If you’re ready to take the next step, reach out—I’m here to help.
We all carry the weight of past experiences, and I’m here to guide you toward becoming the best version of yourself. Whether you’re struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, or addiction, there is a path forward. I know many have tried other therapies before, but my specialized training in Brainspotting has made a profound difference for my clients. Healing trauma can be challenging, but there is hope. Life is too precious to spend it feeling stuck, and you don’t have to go through it alone. If you’re ready to take the next step, reach out—I’m here to help.
(615) 558-4285 View (615) 558-4285
Photo of Elisabeth Hopkins Lynch, LPC, MHSP, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elisabeth Hopkins Lynch
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MA
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
I am so honored for the opportunity to bring hope, peace, and harmony to my clients and their families. “I have seen firsthand the empowering and successful transformations in my clients from counseling and therapy, and I hope to continue to provide an environment for people to achieve healing and success.” Elisabeth Lynch LPC-MHSP, MA.
I am so honored for the opportunity to bring hope, peace, and harmony to my clients and their families. “I have seen firsthand the empowering and successful transformations in my clients from counseling and therapy, and I hope to continue to provide an environment for people to achieve healing and success.” Elisabeth Lynch LPC-MHSP, MA.
(615) 913-5679 View (615) 913-5679
Photo of Inna N Lyons, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Inna N Lyons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy supporting individuals ages 16+ with anxiety, depression, mood disorder, complex trauma, and those belonging to the IDD population with outpatient services. Finding the right tools that work for you and help you to reach your specific goals in therapy is invaluable.
I enjoy supporting individuals ages 16+ with anxiety, depression, mood disorder, complex trauma, and those belonging to the IDD population with outpatient services. Finding the right tools that work for you and help you to reach your specific goals in therapy is invaluable.
(615) 437-9420 View (615) 437-9420
Photo of Heather Brown Tribble, LPC/MHS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Heather Brown Tribble
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC/MHS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Are you trying to figure out what marriage will look like before your special day? Are you a couple that needs to work through some issues and figure out “where do we go from here?”
Are you trying to figure out what marriage will look like before your special day? Are you a couple that needs to work through some issues and figure out “where do we go from here?”
(615) 437-7459 x5 View (615) 437-7459 x5
Photo of Tammy Daughtry, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tammy Daughtry
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
Are you struggling to communicate with your co-parent? I have been helping divorced & remarried parents with "co-parenting" since 2003. My passion is for kids to have a whole and healthy life by empowering and helping divided parents raise them between mom's house and dad's house. This is a complex journey and one that I personally walk every day. I wrote a book, "Co-parenting Works! Helping Your Children Thrive After Divorce" (HarperCollins 2011) and it has been making an important difference with families all around the country. I believe the power of even one stable parent can make a difference for the children! There is HOPE!
Are you struggling to communicate with your co-parent? I have been helping divorced & remarried parents with "co-parenting" since 2003. My passion is for kids to have a whole and healthy life by empowering and helping divided parents raise them between mom's house and dad's house. This is a complex journey and one that I personally walk every day. I wrote a book, "Co-parenting Works! Helping Your Children Thrive After Divorce" (HarperCollins 2011) and it has been making an important difference with families all around the country. I believe the power of even one stable parent can make a difference for the children! There is HOPE!
(615) 871-4264 View (615) 871-4264
Photo of Matthew Lonski (He They), MS Ed, LCPC, LPCMHSP, Counselor
Matthew Lonski (He They)
Counselor, MS Ed, LCPC, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217  (Online Only)
Are you looking for support and guidance on your journey? You don’t have to do it alone. Showing your true colors can feel vulnerable, so it is my intention to hold space in which you can feel safe to be yourself without judgement. My practice is defined by a genuine desire to help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Therapy can act as an anchor, providing the stability and support to explore your identity safely. I will be there every step of the way to support you in forging new paths and helping you discover and build the life you have always imagined.
Are you looking for support and guidance on your journey? You don’t have to do it alone. Showing your true colors can feel vulnerable, so it is my intention to hold space in which you can feel safe to be yourself without judgement. My practice is defined by a genuine desire to help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Therapy can act as an anchor, providing the stability and support to explore your identity safely. I will be there every step of the way to support you in forging new paths and helping you discover and build the life you have always imagined.
View
Photo of Marissa Smarto, LPC, MHSP, NCC, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marissa Smarto
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, NCC, MEd
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
Instead of being taught how to cope skillfully with painful experiences and feelings, many of us are taught to numb, hide, or ignore them. This often intensifies the suffering, and also is often the only thing we know. I provide a safe space where clients can express, process, and learn about their thoughts, feelings, and emotions without judgment. I help clients to develop more workable coping skills and habits so that they can move toward their goals and live in alignment with identified values. If "being positive" hasn't worked for you, you may be in the right place.
Instead of being taught how to cope skillfully with painful experiences and feelings, many of us are taught to numb, hide, or ignore them. This often intensifies the suffering, and also is often the only thing we know. I provide a safe space where clients can express, process, and learn about their thoughts, feelings, and emotions without judgment. I help clients to develop more workable coping skills and habits so that they can move toward their goals and live in alignment with identified values. If "being positive" hasn't worked for you, you may be in the right place.
(615) 471-7011 View (615) 471-7011
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 37217

60+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 37217 who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
73% Coping Skills
73% Self Esteem
65% Stress
62% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
85% Cigna and Evernorth
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 37217 see their clients

85% In Person and Online
15% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 37217?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.