Photo of Dr. Karla Mueller-Schrader, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Karla Mueller-Schrader
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome! I'm here to help as you take this important first step. As a dedicated clinician with over 20 years of experience, I work with children, adolescents, and adults. I create a safe and healing environment for all my clients through an approach rooted in acceptance to ensure that each client feels understood and supported throughout their therapeutic journey. I believe people of all ages and identities are capable of personal transformation and view my role as a partner on your journey to wholeness and health.
Welcome! I'm here to help as you take this important first step. As a dedicated clinician with over 20 years of experience, I work with children, adolescents, and adults. I create a safe and healing environment for all my clients through an approach rooted in acceptance to ensure that each client feels understood and supported throughout their therapeutic journey. I believe people of all ages and identities are capable of personal transformation and view my role as a partner on your journey to wholeness and health.
(623) 288-5356 View (623) 288-5356
Photo of Poppy And Geoff Spencer - Relationship Experts, LLC, MS, LPCP, MBTI, Art Therapist
Relationship Experts, LLC
Art Therapist, MS, LPCP, MBTI
Verified Verified
Siesta Key, FL 34242
As Certified Family Law Mediators and Certified Relationship Counselors, we specialize in working with people who are in a toxic or narcissistic relationship by guiding people to recognize the issues in their relationships, and address them with a step-by-step strategy. We work with clients to examine their relationship concerns, evaluate their choices, and support them as they take the next steps appropriate for them. Using our extensive knowledge and certification in mediation, and those considering divorce, we offer exact steps to take pre-mediation, and how to heal and reclaim self-love from a toxic or narcissistic relationship.
As Certified Family Law Mediators and Certified Relationship Counselors, we specialize in working with people who are in a toxic or narcissistic relationship by guiding people to recognize the issues in their relationships, and address them with a step-by-step strategy. We work with clients to examine their relationship concerns, evaluate their choices, and support them as they take the next steps appropriate for them. Using our extensive knowledge and certification in mediation, and those considering divorce, we offer exact steps to take pre-mediation, and how to heal and reclaim self-love from a toxic or narcissistic relationship.
(941) 357-7178 View (941) 357-7178
Photo of Paul Prachar - Guardian Counseling, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Guardian Counseling
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sarasota, FL 34242
What keeps us in bondage can vary tremendously from one person to another. We know that our past plays a huge part in what keeps us in bondage to pain, thoughts that destroy us rather than move us forward, strife within ourselves and our relationships. We are here to take you through the process of healing the pain, retraining your mind, mending your relationships, and ultimately breaking the chains that keep you from being what God has created you to be.
What keeps us in bondage can vary tremendously from one person to another. We know that our past plays a huge part in what keeps us in bondage to pain, thoughts that destroy us rather than move us forward, strife within ourselves and our relationships. We are here to take you through the process of healing the pain, retraining your mind, mending your relationships, and ultimately breaking the chains that keep you from being what God has created you to be.
(941) 214-2230 View (941) 214-2230
Photo of Anne K Glowacki, MSW, LCSW, LMFT, CHT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anne K Glowacki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LMFT, CHT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome and thank you for visiting and taking the first step to personal well-being. People seek out psychotherapy for many reasons. My focus is to help identify what is most important to you in your life that you wish to strengthen and express more fully, even if you are facing difficulties right now. What may appear as obstacles at first can merely be stepping-stones to your deepest fulfillment. I welcome the opportunity to take part of that journey with you in a confidential environment committed to sensitivity and compassion with proven strategies that motivate and encourage continued success.
Welcome and thank you for visiting and taking the first step to personal well-being. People seek out psychotherapy for many reasons. My focus is to help identify what is most important to you in your life that you wish to strengthen and express more fully, even if you are facing difficulties right now. What may appear as obstacles at first can merely be stepping-stones to your deepest fulfillment. I welcome the opportunity to take part of that journey with you in a confidential environment committed to sensitivity and compassion with proven strategies that motivate and encourage continued success.
(941) 219-3481 View (941) 219-3481
Photo of Robert Bakst, LCSW, CAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robert Bakst
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CAP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have over 30 years of experienced providing therapeutic services for clients dealing with addiction, anxiety, bereavement, depression, stress, trauma, and life transitions. The services I provide are individual, marital, and family therapy for families and adults. A positive treatment outcome will enhance your self-esteem and improve your mood by assisting you in developing the tools to deal effectively with your problems.
I have over 30 years of experienced providing therapeutic services for clients dealing with addiction, anxiety, bereavement, depression, stress, trauma, and life transitions. The services I provide are individual, marital, and family therapy for families and adults. A positive treatment outcome will enhance your self-esteem and improve your mood by assisting you in developing the tools to deal effectively with your problems.
(914) 594-5480 View (914) 594-5480
Photo of Courtney Davenport, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Courtney Davenport
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I offer psychotherapy to children, adolescents, and adults. Issues frequently addressed include: Depression, Anxiety, Body-Image Concerns, Eating Disorders, ADHD (Children & Adults), Relationship Challenges, Adjusting to Life Transitions, Grief/Loss Issues, and Interpersonal Relationship Difficulties. I work with each client individually to determine specific areas of focus and create strategies to accomplish desired outcomes.
I offer psychotherapy to children, adolescents, and adults. Issues frequently addressed include: Depression, Anxiety, Body-Image Concerns, Eating Disorders, ADHD (Children & Adults), Relationship Challenges, Adjusting to Life Transitions, Grief/Loss Issues, and Interpersonal Relationship Difficulties. I work with each client individually to determine specific areas of focus and create strategies to accomplish desired outcomes.
(941) 462-3987 View (941) 462-3987
Photo of Jerold Stone, LCSW, LMFT, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jerold Stone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, BCD
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have over thirty years of experience in treating difficult couples and challenging family cases. I completed my initial graduate school training at the renowned Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis. I completed advanced structured sex therapy training at the Masters and Johnson Institute in St. Louis. My training is extensive, including taking a post-graduate medical school rotation in psychiatry at the University of Minnesota. In addition to treatment, I conduct Custody Evaluations, Parenting Coordination, Divorce Mediation, Expert Testimony and Infertility Evaluation and Consultation.
I have over thirty years of experience in treating difficult couples and challenging family cases. I completed my initial graduate school training at the renowned Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis. I completed advanced structured sex therapy training at the Masters and Johnson Institute in St. Louis. My training is extensive, including taking a post-graduate medical school rotation in psychiatry at the University of Minnesota. In addition to treatment, I conduct Custody Evaluations, Parenting Coordination, Divorce Mediation, Expert Testimony and Infertility Evaluation and Consultation.
(941) 479-2968 View (941) 479-2968
Photo of Mary G Davenport, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mary G Davenport
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Siesta Key, FL 34242
I am a PhD Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist & aasect Certified Sex Therapist. I have been a leader in the field of family therapy and sex therapy since 1974. Trained at the University of Pennsylvania, I bring a wealth of experience and a personalized approach to my private practice in Sarasota, Florida. I provide specialized support for transgender and non-binary individuals and their families. I am dedicated to creating an environment that respects and celebrates the diversity of gender identities and sexual orientation.
I am a PhD Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist & aasect Certified Sex Therapist. I have been a leader in the field of family therapy and sex therapy since 1974. Trained at the University of Pennsylvania, I bring a wealth of experience and a personalized approach to my private practice in Sarasota, Florida. I provide specialized support for transgender and non-binary individuals and their families. I am dedicated to creating an environment that respects and celebrates the diversity of gender identities and sexual orientation.
(941) 366-3134 View (941) 366-3134
Photo of Tara M Files-Hall, PhD, Psychologist
Tara M Files-Hall
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sarasota, FL 34242
Dr. Files-Hall is committed to serving the multifaceted needs of gulf coast families. Dr. Files-Hall's mission is to provide superior, comprehensive, and integrative mental health services for children, adolescents, and their families. Dr. Files-Hall is results-oriented and works collaboratively with families to produce symptom relief and create lasting change.
Dr. Files-Hall is committed to serving the multifaceted needs of gulf coast families. Dr. Files-Hall's mission is to provide superior, comprehensive, and integrative mental health services for children, adolescents, and their families. Dr. Files-Hall is results-oriented and works collaboratively with families to produce symptom relief and create lasting change.
(941) 417-8086 View (941) 417-8086
Photo of Bruce A Robertson, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Bruce A Robertson
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Siesta Key, FL 34242
For 36 years I have worked as a psychotherapist to help individuals, couples and families find their way to a healthy, satisfying and happy life. I create a supportive, caring and empathetic environment to help you work through the difficulties you face. We not only talk about what you are struggling with, but we will find ways to have a deeper understanding of the patterns of behavior that have gotten in the way of you finding useful and creative solutions. I provide various forms of TeleHealth Therapy with FaceTime, Zoom or Phone sessions.
For 36 years I have worked as a psychotherapist to help individuals, couples and families find their way to a healthy, satisfying and happy life. I create a supportive, caring and empathetic environment to help you work through the difficulties you face. We not only talk about what you are struggling with, but we will find ways to have a deeper understanding of the patterns of behavior that have gotten in the way of you finding useful and creative solutions. I provide various forms of TeleHealth Therapy with FaceTime, Zoom or Phone sessions.
(941) 809-0229 View (941) 809-0229
Photo of Ann Taylor, EdD, LMHC, Counselor
Ann Taylor
Counselor, EdD, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Siesta Key, FL 34242
Change is hard and not all therapy provides the same opportunity for healing. At The Center for Integrated Therapies we use the newest in research based treatment to provide the conduit for healing. Dr. Ann Taylor is our Clinical Director who leads a team of therapists who provide the latest in high quality clinical care. Through Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Neurofeedback, she provides a gold standard of treatment that encompasses skills training that include distress tolerance, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness and mindfulness.
Change is hard and not all therapy provides the same opportunity for healing. At The Center for Integrated Therapies we use the newest in research based treatment to provide the conduit for healing. Dr. Ann Taylor is our Clinical Director who leads a team of therapists who provide the latest in high quality clinical care. Through Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Neurofeedback, she provides a gold standard of treatment that encompasses skills training that include distress tolerance, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness and mindfulness.
(941) 999-3594 View (941) 999-3594
Photo of Kirsten Ellingsen - Kirsten Ellingsen Phd PLLC, PhD, PMH-C, Psychologist
Kirsten Ellingsen Phd PLLC
Psychologist, PhD, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sarasota, FL 34242
I am dedicated to enhancing the health, development, and positive functioning of children, adolescents, and young adults. I am also passionate about supporting pregnant & postpartum mothers. My goal is to provide informed, strengths-based, research supported, compassionate treatment. I work with children and parents to improve wellbeing and functioning, strengthen relationships, and build skills to better manage stress, anxiety, behavior, and emotions. Participation in therapy is collaborative with a focus on strengths, reducing challenges, and increasing effective coping strategies to allow for optimal engagement in daily life.
I am dedicated to enhancing the health, development, and positive functioning of children, adolescents, and young adults. I am also passionate about supporting pregnant & postpartum mothers. My goal is to provide informed, strengths-based, research supported, compassionate treatment. I work with children and parents to improve wellbeing and functioning, strengthen relationships, and build skills to better manage stress, anxiety, behavior, and emotions. Participation in therapy is collaborative with a focus on strengths, reducing challenges, and increasing effective coping strategies to allow for optimal engagement in daily life.
(941) 304-4187 View (941) 304-4187
Photo of Hannah Bowers, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Hannah Bowers
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Relationships shape our lives, whether with family, friends, coworkers, romantic partners, or ourselves. When tension or conflict arises, it can affect every area of life—home, work, and school—and lead to anxiety or stress. If you've tried to resolve things on your own but still feel stuck, it may be time to seek support. I offer individual, couples, and family counseling to help you overcome barriers, heal, and reconnect. My goal is to help you rebuild meaningful connections and find peace in the process.
Relationships shape our lives, whether with family, friends, coworkers, romantic partners, or ourselves. When tension or conflict arises, it can affect every area of life—home, work, and school—and lead to anxiety or stress. If you've tried to resolve things on your own but still feel stuck, it may be time to seek support. I offer individual, couples, and family counseling to help you overcome barriers, heal, and reconnect. My goal is to help you rebuild meaningful connections and find peace in the process.
(941) 242-7077 View (941) 242-7077
Photo of Karin Pia Galliano - Peace River Psychology Center, PhD, Psychologist
Peace River Psychology Center
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Sarasota, FL 34242
Therapy is all about the healing and growth translated through the relationships between the patient and the therapist. When I founded Peace River Psychology Center in 2000, I devised that the center's motto should be "a health spa for the mind" and I like to take a holistic approach to mental health. I am a licensed clinical psychologist treating children, adolescents and adults. My specialty is in internalizing disorders, specifically depression and anxiety.
Therapy is all about the healing and growth translated through the relationships between the patient and the therapist. When I founded Peace River Psychology Center in 2000, I devised that the center's motto should be "a health spa for the mind" and I like to take a holistic approach to mental health. I am a licensed clinical psychologist treating children, adolescents and adults. My specialty is in internalizing disorders, specifically depression and anxiety.
(941) 203-3911 View (941) 203-3911
Photo of Kathleen Powers, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Kathleen Powers
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Sarasota, FL 34242
It may not feel like it at this moment, but experiencing positive and meaningful change is possible. Maybe you want to quiet your critical inner voice. Maybe you are looking to find more joy and meaning in your life. Or perhaps you have found yourself confronted with a situation that leaves you feeling overwhelmed, stuck or uncertain. These challenges have the potential to be transformative turning points in your life.
It may not feel like it at this moment, but experiencing positive and meaningful change is possible. Maybe you want to quiet your critical inner voice. Maybe you are looking to find more joy and meaning in your life. Or perhaps you have found yourself confronted with a situation that leaves you feeling overwhelmed, stuck or uncertain. These challenges have the potential to be transformative turning points in your life.
(941) 315-5815 View (941) 315-5815
Photo of Fran Myers-Routt, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Fran Myers-Routt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sarasota, FL 34242
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with years of experience working with individuals and families in many settings to address the life issues that prevent feelings of fulfillment and happiness. I consider therapy an opportunity to partner with clients to prioritize goals and build on strengths. Therapy is a safe and validating place to address challenges while being supported.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with years of experience working with individuals and families in many settings to address the life issues that prevent feelings of fulfillment and happiness. I consider therapy an opportunity to partner with clients to prioritize goals and build on strengths. Therapy is a safe and validating place to address challenges while being supported.
(941) 294-4259 View (941) 294-4259
Photo of Bridget Longnecker - Compass Counseling and Wellness Inc., MS, LMHC, EMDR TR, Counselor
Compass Counseling and Wellness Inc.
Counselor, MS, LMHC, EMDR TR
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life can throw many different obstacles our way. By viewing my profile, I can see you are ready to regain control of your life and restore a positivity in every day life. The goal of counseling is not for me to fix any issue but to stand by you and guide you as you come to your own outcomes. Through our journey, I will supply you with many coping strategies to help you achieve your goals. During our sessions, I will provide the best care possible in order to ensure a safe, comfortable, and judgement free environment. I provide services to individuals, couples, and families of all ages.
Life can throw many different obstacles our way. By viewing my profile, I can see you are ready to regain control of your life and restore a positivity in every day life. The goal of counseling is not for me to fix any issue but to stand by you and guide you as you come to your own outcomes. Through our journey, I will supply you with many coping strategies to help you achieve your goals. During our sessions, I will provide the best care possible in order to ensure a safe, comfortable, and judgement free environment. I provide services to individuals, couples, and families of all ages.
(727) 263-3548 View (727) 263-3548
Photo of Jessica Glynn, BS, MFT , Intern, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Jessica Glynn
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, BS, MFT , Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You are looking for empathy and compassion, when going through struggles. It feels so frustrating when you can't find the right support. The support you deserve! You desire a therapist that you can trust and you feel connected to. This is what I strive for in our sessions. I want to create a comfortable atmosphere, where you are able to share whatever is most important to you presently. I place importance on the guidance you provide me, in regard to what you feel is the current presenting problem and how you would like to approach that. I ensure that our sessions are not only a safe place but a judgment-free zone, as well.
You are looking for empathy and compassion, when going through struggles. It feels so frustrating when you can't find the right support. The support you deserve! You desire a therapist that you can trust and you feel connected to. This is what I strive for in our sessions. I want to create a comfortable atmosphere, where you are able to share whatever is most important to you presently. I place importance on the guidance you provide me, in regard to what you feel is the current presenting problem and how you would like to approach that. I ensure that our sessions are not only a safe place but a judgment-free zone, as well.
(843) 755-6834 View (843) 755-6834
Photo of Cheryl E Miller, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cheryl E Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sarasota, FL 34242
We all have experienced the challenges of life whether we are dealing with something now or from our past. Maybe you are dealing with trauma, anxiety, depression, sleep issues or come from a past experience of abuse or dysfunctional parenting. You want to really see change happen and are longing to make changes in your life but don't know quite how or where to start. You don't want to waste time rehashing things over and over and not see any difference. If you have to go back to the past, lets learn from that experience, heal and move forward, leaving it behind in treatment, once and for all.
We all have experienced the challenges of life whether we are dealing with something now or from our past. Maybe you are dealing with trauma, anxiety, depression, sleep issues or come from a past experience of abuse or dysfunctional parenting. You want to really see change happen and are longing to make changes in your life but don't know quite how or where to start. You don't want to waste time rehashing things over and over and not see any difference. If you have to go back to the past, lets learn from that experience, heal and move forward, leaving it behind in treatment, once and for all.
(717) 923-5804 View (717) 923-5804
Photo of Kimberly LaCivita, PsyD
Kimberly LaCivita
PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sarasota, FL 34242
With a doctorate in school psychology, Dr. Kim has advanced knowledge and training in the assessment of learning and behavior. As a licensed school psychologist, Sarasota native, and single mother of two college-aged children who attended Sarasota district schools, Dr. Kim brings a wealth of experience and passion for working with local youth and families. Dr. Kim is locally known for using a solution-focused, client-centered, and strengths-based approach. Her goal is to determine underlying learning problems and identify interventions that can positively support educational performance and improve overall health and well-being.
With a doctorate in school psychology, Dr. Kim has advanced knowledge and training in the assessment of learning and behavior. As a licensed school psychologist, Sarasota native, and single mother of two college-aged children who attended Sarasota district schools, Dr. Kim brings a wealth of experience and passion for working with local youth and families. Dr. Kim is locally known for using a solution-focused, client-centered, and strengths-based approach. Her goal is to determine underlying learning problems and identify interventions that can positively support educational performance and improve overall health and well-being.
(941) 226-8501 View (941) 226-8501
1

See more therapy options for 34242

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 34242

30+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 34242 who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
75% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
63% Parenting
59% Relationship Issues
59% ADHD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Cigna and Evernorth
63% Aetna

How Therapists in 34242 see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
13% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 34242?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.