Therapists in 33770

Photo of Charles Robinson - Clean Recovery Centers, LMHC
Clean Recovery Centers
Verified Verified
Largo, FL 33770
Located on the beautiful central west coast of Florida, Clean Recovery Centers provide Detox, Residential, Mental Health Services, Day/Night Treatment with Community Housing, Intensive Outpatient with Transitional Living, and Outpatient Treatment for the treatment of addiction and mental health.
Located on the beautiful central west coast of Florida, Clean Recovery Centers provide Detox, Residential, Mental Health Services, Day/Night Treatment with Community Housing, Intensive Outpatient with Transitional Living, and Outpatient Treatment for the treatment of addiction and mental health.
(727) 353-1742 View (727) 353-1742
Photo of Tasheika Rivera, Counselor, LMHC
Tasheika Rivera
Counselor, LMHC
Largo, FL 33770
A warm, compassionate, genuine therapist, who believes to live a full life one must be balanced physically, mentally, and emotionally. I am very mindful of how culture, identify, and lived experiences shape how we navigate the world. I also genuinely believe in meeting each client where they are, and creating a space where they feel safe, respected, and empowered to show up just as they are. So, I approach the therapeutic relationship with the understanding that my clients are the experts in their lives, and I am the explorer helping them change course in their journey.
A warm, compassionate, genuine therapist, who believes to live a full life one must be balanced physically, mentally, and emotionally. I am very mindful of how culture, identify, and lived experiences shape how we navigate the world. I also genuinely believe in meeting each client where they are, and creating a space where they feel safe, respected, and empowered to show up just as they are. So, I approach the therapeutic relationship with the understanding that my clients are the experts in their lives, and I am the explorer helping them change course in their journey.
(727) 435-1028 View (727) 435-1028
Photo of Tracy Carter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tracy Carter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Largo, FL 33770
Have you found it difficult to move past the pain of yesterday to enjoy your today? At Epic Counseling Services, we are here to help you experience peace in your circumstance. These circumstances may range from common life stressors to major situations that disrupt your day to day functioning at home, school, or work. Sometimes fear, anxiety, depression, and trauma can feel like an emotional paralysis. If you’re reading this you’re probably contemplating taking the first step toward your healing.
Have you found it difficult to move past the pain of yesterday to enjoy your today? At Epic Counseling Services, we are here to help you experience peace in your circumstance. These circumstances may range from common life stressors to major situations that disrupt your day to day functioning at home, school, or work. Sometimes fear, anxiety, depression, and trauma can feel like an emotional paralysis. If you’re reading this you’re probably contemplating taking the first step toward your healing.
(727) 758-3897 View (727) 758-3897
Photo of Kimberly Ann Harden, Art Therapist, MAAT, ATR, LMHC
Kimberly Ann Harden
Art Therapist, MAAT, ATR, LMHC
Largo, FL 33770
Kim is passionate about supporting her clients through meaningful change and healing. She works with clients ages 8 to 99, helping them navigate anxiety, trauma, depression, life transitions, relationship challenges, and much more. Many of Kim’s clients come to therapy seeking clarity, inner strength, and a more grounded. In addition to individual work, Kim supports couples in strengthening connection and communication, and partners with parents to develop skills that nurture and empower their children and teens. With a warm, compassionate, and encouraging presence, Kim creates a safe and affirming space for all.
Kim is passionate about supporting her clients through meaningful change and healing. She works with clients ages 8 to 99, helping them navigate anxiety, trauma, depression, life transitions, relationship challenges, and much more. Many of Kim’s clients come to therapy seeking clarity, inner strength, and a more grounded. In addition to individual work, Kim supports couples in strengthening connection and communication, and partners with parents to develop skills that nurture and empower their children and teens. With a warm, compassionate, and encouraging presence, Kim creates a safe and affirming space for all.
(727) 761-3449 View (727) 761-3449
Photo of Travis Atchison - Guardian Recovery - Tampa Addiction Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MCAP
Guardian Recovery - Tampa Addiction Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MCAP
Largo, FL 33770
As our client’s minds and bodies detoxify, we begin to address the deeper roots of addiction. While addressing the physical manifestations of addiction is essential, addressing the mental, emotional and spiritual effects of addiction is also imperative. Individual, group and family therapy is offered in addition to holistic treatment methods, 12-step recovery tools and detailed aftercare planning. Every client completes our residential program with a clear path forward. We help clients find hope and launch confidently into the next phase of their recovery.
As our client’s minds and bodies detoxify, we begin to address the deeper roots of addiction. While addressing the physical manifestations of addiction is essential, addressing the mental, emotional and spiritual effects of addiction is also imperative. Individual, group and family therapy is offered in addition to holistic treatment methods, 12-step recovery tools and detailed aftercare planning. Every client completes our residential program with a clear path forward. We help clients find hope and launch confidently into the next phase of their recovery.
(727) 955-2593 View (727) 955-2593
Photo of Shavonne Y Rich, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Shavonne Y Rich
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Largo, FL 33770
Welcome. I’m honored that you are considering taking this step toward healing and growth. My practice is to partner with those facing a range of challenges, including including anxiety, co-occurring disorders, and navigating complex circumstances, such as involvement with the court system. My goal is to provide a supportive and collaborative space where you feel empowered to explore your strengths and overcome obstacles.
Welcome. I’m honored that you are considering taking this step toward healing and growth. My practice is to partner with those facing a range of challenges, including including anxiety, co-occurring disorders, and navigating complex circumstances, such as involvement with the court system. My goal is to provide a supportive and collaborative space where you feel empowered to explore your strengths and overcome obstacles.
(727) 353-1176 View (727) 353-1176
Photo of Russell Porter, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Russell Porter
Counselor, MA, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Largo, FL 33770
EVENING AND WEEKEND APPOINTMENTS. I work to help people break out of the stuck places in their lives to experience wholeness, growth, and freedom. The freedom to create the lives they want. Freedom to heal from past wounds and failures. The power to overcome. The ability to give more to the people you love. As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with 30 years of experience in the Tampa Bay area I have had the privilege to work with people of all ages in the St. Petersburg, Pinellas Park, Largo, and Clearwater communities. With the use of videoconferencing counseling is no limited to geographic areas.
EVENING AND WEEKEND APPOINTMENTS. I work to help people break out of the stuck places in their lives to experience wholeness, growth, and freedom. The freedom to create the lives they want. Freedom to heal from past wounds and failures. The power to overcome. The ability to give more to the people you love. As a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with 30 years of experience in the Tampa Bay area I have had the privilege to work with people of all ages in the St. Petersburg, Pinellas Park, Largo, and Clearwater communities. With the use of videoconferencing counseling is no limited to geographic areas.
(727) 455-5110 View (727) 455-5110
Photo of Jessica Lombardo, Counselor, LMHC
Jessica Lombardo
Counselor, LMHC
3 Endorsed
Largo, FL 33770
Hi there! Looking for a therapist can be an overwhelming process, searching for a good fit, wondering if this will all work out, and looking for the "sign" that you've found the right one. I love my job as a therapist - if you're not sure how it all works, that's ok! As you take the time talking through your stressors, identifying what is (and isn't!) working in your life anymore, and developing new coping skills, you'll quickly grow to love the time you've invested in therapy. My hope is that together, we can find more balance, build better relationships, and grow personal confidence to move forward with lasting change.
Hi there! Looking for a therapist can be an overwhelming process, searching for a good fit, wondering if this will all work out, and looking for the "sign" that you've found the right one. I love my job as a therapist - if you're not sure how it all works, that's ok! As you take the time talking through your stressors, identifying what is (and isn't!) working in your life anymore, and developing new coping skills, you'll quickly grow to love the time you've invested in therapy. My hope is that together, we can find more balance, build better relationships, and grow personal confidence to move forward with lasting change.
(727) 205-9255 View (727) 205-9255
Photo of Clare W Simcox, MS, LMHC
Clare W Simcox
Verified Verified
Largo, FL 33770
Life sometimes has unexpected challenges: loss of someone we love, traumatic or frightening events, separation or divorce. Therapy is a way of being heard without interruptions, learning new strategies to reduce the emotional pain and tapping into the strengths that you are already using to heal. Where is it written that you cannot find happiness again?
Life sometimes has unexpected challenges: loss of someone we love, traumatic or frightening events, separation or divorce. Therapy is a way of being heard without interruptions, learning new strategies to reduce the emotional pain and tapping into the strengths that you are already using to heal. Where is it written that you cannot find happiness again?
(727) 312-1559 View (727) 312-1559
Photo of Amanda Kohl, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, MA, CTP
Amanda Kohl
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, MA, CTP
2 Endorsed
Largo, FL 33770
Like most of my clients, I spent years doing all the “right” things to heal. I read the books, went to therapy, and understood my trauma logically, but that didn’t stop the depressive episodes or the way my body would go into panic mode when something triggered a memory. What finally helped was therapy that focused on nervous system safety and processing trauma at its root, not just talking about it. That experience is why I’m so passionate about helping other survivors of sexual, betrayal, or relationship trauma who want to feel calm, connected, and able to fully enjoy the life they’ve worked hard to build.
Like most of my clients, I spent years doing all the “right” things to heal. I read the books, went to therapy, and understood my trauma logically, but that didn’t stop the depressive episodes or the way my body would go into panic mode when something triggered a memory. What finally helped was therapy that focused on nervous system safety and processing trauma at its root, not just talking about it. That experience is why I’m so passionate about helping other survivors of sexual, betrayal, or relationship trauma who want to feel calm, connected, and able to fully enjoy the life they’ve worked hard to build.
(727) 761-8948 View (727) 761-8948
Photo of Isaiah Millstein, Pre-Licensed Professional, MFTSI
Isaiah Millstein
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFTSI
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
My ideal clients are thoughtful, motivated individuals, couples, and families who may appear high functioning yet feel internally overwhelmed, stuck, or disconnected. They may be navigating anxiety, burnout, relationship stress, life transitions, identity questions, or family-of-origin patterns. They want to feel unstuck and move beyond repetitive cycles of overthinking or conflict. They value insight but also want practical tools, clarity, stronger boundaries, and meaningful change that aligns with who they truly are.
My ideal clients are thoughtful, motivated individuals, couples, and families who may appear high functioning yet feel internally overwhelmed, stuck, or disconnected. They may be navigating anxiety, burnout, relationship stress, life transitions, identity questions, or family-of-origin patterns. They want to feel unstuck and move beyond repetitive cycles of overthinking or conflict. They value insight but also want practical tools, clarity, stronger boundaries, and meaningful change that aligns with who they truly are.
(727) 477-8685 View (727) 477-8685
Photo of George F Rohrmann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
George F Rohrmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
READ WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT ME IN "TESTIMONIALS" ON MY WEBSITE. I'VE HELPED THOUSANDS OF MEN AND WOMEN. People frequently remark that I have an "easy to talk with non-judgemental style" and that I've "provided them with tools to continue improving their lives throughout their lifetime". One of my specialties is helping men and women successfully come out the other side of breakups, job disappointments, and losses. I help individuals achieve their personal goals. We work together to develop a plan and strategy for implementation.
READ WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT ME IN "TESTIMONIALS" ON MY WEBSITE. I'VE HELPED THOUSANDS OF MEN AND WOMEN. People frequently remark that I have an "easy to talk with non-judgemental style" and that I've "provided them with tools to continue improving their lives throughout their lifetime". One of my specialties is helping men and women successfully come out the other side of breakups, job disappointments, and losses. I help individuals achieve their personal goals. We work together to develop a plan and strategy for implementation.
(727) 240-4975 View (727) 240-4975
Photo of Katie Colding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Katie Colding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you facing something that seems so overwhelming you don’t know what’s next? Maybe you just lost someone you love or feel your emotions are getting the best of you and want to work towards being a better version of yourself. My ideal client is someone who knows they may need change but aren't sure how to create the change necessary to reach their better self. Together we can cultivate personal development by identifying strengths, learning appropriate tools, and discovering what balance looks like for you. I'm delighted to help you achieve a healthier mindset, find inner peace, and honored to be part of your healing journey!
Are you facing something that seems so overwhelming you don’t know what’s next? Maybe you just lost someone you love or feel your emotions are getting the best of you and want to work towards being a better version of yourself. My ideal client is someone who knows they may need change but aren't sure how to create the change necessary to reach their better self. Together we can cultivate personal development by identifying strengths, learning appropriate tools, and discovering what balance looks like for you. I'm delighted to help you achieve a healthier mindset, find inner peace, and honored to be part of your healing journey!
(813) 680-4142 View (813) 680-4142
Photo of Gabrielle Singer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Gabrielle Singer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Living with OCD or persistent anxiety can feel overwhelming and isolating, especially when intrusive thoughts or urges are difficult to understand or express. You don’t have to face it alone, support is available. I specialize in OCD and related anxiety disorders, offering a structured, compassionate, and nonjudgmental space to explore distressing thoughts safely. Together, we use evidence-based strategies to reduce the impact of anxiety and help you regain a sense of control, confidence, and balance in daily life.
Living with OCD or persistent anxiety can feel overwhelming and isolating, especially when intrusive thoughts or urges are difficult to understand or express. You don’t have to face it alone, support is available. I specialize in OCD and related anxiety disorders, offering a structured, compassionate, and nonjudgmental space to explore distressing thoughts safely. Together, we use evidence-based strategies to reduce the impact of anxiety and help you regain a sense of control, confidence, and balance in daily life.
(727) 732-4305 View (727) 732-4305
Photo of Chella Joyce Sykes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Chella Joyce Sykes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
If you are looking for a therapist that values you as a person, your strengths, and your beliefs-look no further. Whether you’re navigating ADHD, Autism, trauma, grief, disordered eating, or stressful family relationships, therapy with me can be a place where you don’t have to perform, fix, or explain yourself — you can just be. I work with adults, teens, and caregivers who want to better understand themselves and create meaningful, sustainable change. Many of my clients struggle with internal and external challenges of being neurodivergent, relationship conflict, chronic emotional dysregulation, or the lingering effects of trauma.
If you are looking for a therapist that values you as a person, your strengths, and your beliefs-look no further. Whether you’re navigating ADHD, Autism, trauma, grief, disordered eating, or stressful family relationships, therapy with me can be a place where you don’t have to perform, fix, or explain yourself — you can just be. I work with adults, teens, and caregivers who want to better understand themselves and create meaningful, sustainable change. Many of my clients struggle with internal and external challenges of being neurodivergent, relationship conflict, chronic emotional dysregulation, or the lingering effects of trauma.
(727) 645-0713 View (727) 645-0713
Photo of Stephani Mendizabal, Counselor, LMHC
Stephani Mendizabal
Counselor, LMHC
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
"Growth is painful. Change is painful. But nothing is as painful as staying stuck somewhere you don't belong." -Mandy Hale If someone feels stuck or having difficulties finding a solution on their own, there is help. I am a National Certified and Licensed Mental Health Counselor. With my education and experience, I can assist with guidance, emotional support, and options.
"Growth is painful. Change is painful. But nothing is as painful as staying stuck somewhere you don't belong." -Mandy Hale If someone feels stuck or having difficulties finding a solution on their own, there is help. I am a National Certified and Licensed Mental Health Counselor. With my education and experience, I can assist with guidance, emotional support, and options.
(813) 602-7860 View (813) 602-7860
Photo of Jennifer Primavera - Creative Expressions Counseling Jennifer Primavera, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Creative Expressions Counseling Jennifer Primavera
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
People do not fit in perfect little boxes, nor should treatment be tailored to a "one size fits all " approach. Everyone is different and unique. I believe it is important to find creative and healthy ways to help children, teens, adults, couples and their families to solve problems and move forward in their lives.
People do not fit in perfect little boxes, nor should treatment be tailored to a "one size fits all " approach. Everyone is different and unique. I believe it is important to find creative and healthy ways to help children, teens, adults, couples and their families to solve problems and move forward in their lives.
(727) 261-1925 View (727) 261-1925
Photo of Sommer Joy, Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, CSE
Sommer Joy
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, CSE
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey of healing, growth, and self-discovery. My holistic approach creates a safe, non-judgmental space that honors mind, body, and spirit. As someone who has experienced loss firsthand, I have a deep understanding of grief, the search for meaning, and the courage it takes to rebuild life after loss. I also work with clients exploring issues related to identity, self-esteem, and relationships, drawing on my training as an AASECT certified sexuality educator (CSE). I believe that understanding and embracing one’s body and relationships is a vital part of emotional well-being.
I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey of healing, growth, and self-discovery. My holistic approach creates a safe, non-judgmental space that honors mind, body, and spirit. As someone who has experienced loss firsthand, I have a deep understanding of grief, the search for meaning, and the courage it takes to rebuild life after loss. I also work with clients exploring issues related to identity, self-esteem, and relationships, drawing on my training as an AASECT certified sexuality educator (CSE). I believe that understanding and embracing one’s body and relationships is a vital part of emotional well-being.
(727) 758-2768 View (727) 758-2768
Photo of Anna Kitsos, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Anna Kitsos
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Exhausted and at a loss for how to move beyond feeling stuck, unable to find fulfillment. You don't have to feel hopeless, alone, and settle. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the foundation for meaningful change. My goal is to create a space where you feel genuinely seen, safe, and connected. I show up with attunement and presence so you can begin to let go of protective barriers and be fully yourself. If you carry shame or feel isolated—especially when misunderstood by those closest to you—therapy offers a corrective connection that becomes the starting point for healing.
Exhausted and at a loss for how to move beyond feeling stuck, unable to find fulfillment. You don't have to feel hopeless, alone, and settle. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the foundation for meaningful change. My goal is to create a space where you feel genuinely seen, safe, and connected. I show up with attunement and presence so you can begin to let go of protective barriers and be fully yourself. If you carry shame or feel isolated—especially when misunderstood by those closest to you—therapy offers a corrective connection that becomes the starting point for healing.
(727) 966-2018 View (727) 966-2018
Photo of Helen F Dahlhauser, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CAP
Helen F Dahlhauser
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CAP
Serves Area
I adore the person who irregardless of the issues wants to grow and discover life beyond his/her personal trauma. He/she quickly ascertains that the trauma is the vehicle to more and better in life. The trauma though real and respected can actually be transformed into a launching pad where having faced his/her deepest pain they become unstoppable and go far in life in personal happiness, deeds of compassion and live lives filled with grace. To live a graceful life , one filled with meaning and purpose. so at the end of the day there is joy and peace is a significant accomplishment.
I adore the person who irregardless of the issues wants to grow and discover life beyond his/her personal trauma. He/she quickly ascertains that the trauma is the vehicle to more and better in life. The trauma though real and respected can actually be transformed into a launching pad where having faced his/her deepest pain they become unstoppable and go far in life in personal happiness, deeds of compassion and live lives filled with grace. To live a graceful life , one filled with meaning and purpose. so at the end of the day there is joy and peace is a significant accomplishment.
(727) 474-0697 View (727) 474-0697

See more therapy options for 33770

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 33770

50+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 33770 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
94% Social Anxiety
94% Health Anxiety
94% Driving Anxiety
91% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
74% Relationship Anxiety

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 33770 see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 33770?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.