Photo of Megan Hauck, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Megan Hauck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Apopka, FL 32712
Welcome to a space where healing begins, and resilience takes root. With over 12 years of dedicated experience spanning diverse age groups, I'm Megan Hauck—a compassionate therapist committed to guiding individuals through the intricate landscapes of trauma. In the warmth of our therapeutic journey together, my focus is on trauma-informed care, recognizing the profound impact it has on your unique story. Navigating the complexities of trauma requires not just expertise, but a genuine connection built on trust. I'm here to foster not only healing but internal growth and empowerment.
Welcome to a space where healing begins, and resilience takes root. With over 12 years of dedicated experience spanning diverse age groups, I'm Megan Hauck—a compassionate therapist committed to guiding individuals through the intricate landscapes of trauma. In the warmth of our therapeutic journey together, my focus is on trauma-informed care, recognizing the profound impact it has on your unique story. Navigating the complexities of trauma requires not just expertise, but a genuine connection built on trust. I'm here to foster not only healing but internal growth and empowerment.
(321) 415-5337 View (321) 415-5337
Photo of Lisa Abner, LMHC, NCC, CCTP
Lisa Abner
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, my name is Lisa. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with over 10 years experience working with individuals in all settings. I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I am dedicated to providing inclusive and affirming care to LGBTQ+ individuals as well as other marginalized communities. I work with those struggling with issues surrounding trauma, adoption, depression, anxiety, grief, relationship issues, workplace problems and family conflicts. In the years of doing this work, I understand how past issues impact current living and we do not always know how to address this.
Hello, my name is Lisa. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with over 10 years experience working with individuals in all settings. I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I am dedicated to providing inclusive and affirming care to LGBTQ+ individuals as well as other marginalized communities. I work with those struggling with issues surrounding trauma, adoption, depression, anxiety, grief, relationship issues, workplace problems and family conflicts. In the years of doing this work, I understand how past issues impact current living and we do not always know how to address this.
(321) 467-7417 View (321) 467-7417
Photo of Angel Robinson, MA, RMHCI
Angel Robinson
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA, RMHCI
Verified Verified
Apopka, FL 32712
Thank you for stopping by... I am dedicated to providing a commitment to the health and emotional care of clients. Focusing on client development, enrichment, and growth we work to improve the mental and over health of individuals, couples, children, and families. We also provide team builder and employee development services. Each session is geared toward client needs, personal development, and goals. As a trusted part of your health, I believe that quality, personalized care allows for exceptional development and wellness for clients.
Thank you for stopping by... I am dedicated to providing a commitment to the health and emotional care of clients. Focusing on client development, enrichment, and growth we work to improve the mental and over health of individuals, couples, children, and families. We also provide team builder and employee development services. Each session is geared toward client needs, personal development, and goals. As a trusted part of your health, I believe that quality, personalized care allows for exceptional development and wellness for clients.
(407) 900-8409 View (407) 900-8409
Photo of Amy Howard, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Howard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Amy Howard, I am an LCSW practicing in the State of Florida. I am based in Sarasota, and depending on whether you are a local or statewide client, can meet in person, via telehealth, or a combination of both. My client base ranges from 3 - 93 years old, the central modality is Rogerian from there we branch into therapies that best suit your needs. In other words, we start where you are and progress from there. I work with adolescents through adults treating trauma and trauma-related conditions (PTSD), anxiety, depression, co-dependency, and SMI disorders, such as MDD, Bi-Polar, Panic/Anxiety attacks.
My name is Amy Howard, I am an LCSW practicing in the State of Florida. I am based in Sarasota, and depending on whether you are a local or statewide client, can meet in person, via telehealth, or a combination of both. My client base ranges from 3 - 93 years old, the central modality is Rogerian from there we branch into therapies that best suit your needs. In other words, we start where you are and progress from there. I work with adolescents through adults treating trauma and trauma-related conditions (PTSD), anxiety, depression, co-dependency, and SMI disorders, such as MDD, Bi-Polar, Panic/Anxiety attacks.
(954) 231-1258 View (954) 231-1258
Photo of Dianne Brown, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Dianne Brown
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Apopka, FL 32712
Are you struggling with anxiety or depression or have you or a loved one been impacted by a chronic medical condition, anger or experiencing stress and conflict in your relationships? Do you have difficulty with grief, loss or life's transitions? My passion is to provide counseling that brings hope, help and healing to individuals and families that have been bruised, hurt or injured through life's experiences. I have enjoyed seeing the transformation that healing brings in the lives of individuals & families for over 20 years.
Are you struggling with anxiety or depression or have you or a loved one been impacted by a chronic medical condition, anger or experiencing stress and conflict in your relationships? Do you have difficulty with grief, loss or life's transitions? My passion is to provide counseling that brings hope, help and healing to individuals and families that have been bruised, hurt or injured through life's experiences. I have enjoyed seeing the transformation that healing brings in the lives of individuals & families for over 20 years.
(407) 214-5254 View (407) 214-5254
Photo of Diana Christie, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Diana Christie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you struggling with mental illness, have you suffered from depression and/or anxiety symptoms? Have you been stuck in your past trying to move forward in life? Are you feeling overwhelmed with daily tasks and juggling the pressures of life in general. If so, now is the time to create healthy goals and interventions to continue your life's journey in a more positive, peaceful and purposeful way.
Are you struggling with mental illness, have you suffered from depression and/or anxiety symptoms? Have you been stuck in your past trying to move forward in life? Are you feeling overwhelmed with daily tasks and juggling the pressures of life in general. If so, now is the time to create healthy goals and interventions to continue your life's journey in a more positive, peaceful and purposeful way.
(407) 559-8643 View (407) 559-8643
Photo of Yadiel Munoz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Yadiel Munoz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am licensed in Florida and Massachusetts with 6 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with coping with depression, anxiety, addictions, relationship issues, trauma and abuse, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support & empower you in that journey.
I am licensed in Florida and Massachusetts with 6 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with coping with depression, anxiety, addictions, relationship issues, trauma and abuse, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support & empower you in that journey.
(407) 305-3163 View (407) 305-3163
Photo of Monique Henry, MSW, LCSW, QS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Monique Henry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, QS
Verified Verified
Online Only
“Sometimes all a person wants is an empathetic ear; all he or she needs is to talk it out. Just offering a listening ear and an understanding heart for his or her suffering can be a big comfort.” -Roy T. Bennett. I am a nontraditional therapist with over 19 years of experience in Social Services, Vocational Counseling, and Mental Health Counseling. I've worked with clients from various backgrounds, with varied physical, emotional, and mental health needs.
“Sometimes all a person wants is an empathetic ear; all he or she needs is to talk it out. Just offering a listening ear and an understanding heart for his or her suffering can be a big comfort.” -Roy T. Bennett. I am a nontraditional therapist with over 19 years of experience in Social Services, Vocational Counseling, and Mental Health Counseling. I've worked with clients from various backgrounds, with varied physical, emotional, and mental health needs.
(321) 483-2743 View (321) 483-2743
Photo of Gina Skopec, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Gina Skopec
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life presents a unique set of challenges for every individual, and sometimes those challenges are more than we can handle on our own. When that imbalance occurs, we can experience a number of uncomfortable emotions such as stress, anxiety, sadness, worry, or even fear. We can feel easily overwhelmed, frustrated, and irritable, and these feelings can have impacts on many aspects of our lives. Acknowledging we need additional support when coping with issues such as these can be difficult, and allowing ourselves to actually reach out to ask for that help can seem like an almost impossible task.
Life presents a unique set of challenges for every individual, and sometimes those challenges are more than we can handle on our own. When that imbalance occurs, we can experience a number of uncomfortable emotions such as stress, anxiety, sadness, worry, or even fear. We can feel easily overwhelmed, frustrated, and irritable, and these feelings can have impacts on many aspects of our lives. Acknowledging we need additional support when coping with issues such as these can be difficult, and allowing ourselves to actually reach out to ask for that help can seem like an almost impossible task.
(407) 205-8108 View (407) 205-8108
Photo of Emily Grace Rivera, MS, LMHC, CCTP, Counselor
Emily Grace Rivera
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Apopka, FL 32712
My name is Emily and I am a licensed mental health counselor in the state of Florida. I first want to acknowledge how brave you are in taking this step towards healing. I look forward to walking with you on this journey. I'm here to empower and create a safe space for my clients who are facing untreated trauma, life transitions, anxiety, and the challenges of self-esteem and self-worth.
My name is Emily and I am a licensed mental health counselor in the state of Florida. I first want to acknowledge how brave you are in taking this step towards healing. I look forward to walking with you on this journey. I'm here to empower and create a safe space for my clients who are facing untreated trauma, life transitions, anxiety, and the challenges of self-esteem and self-worth.
(689) 407-2121 View (689) 407-2121
Photo of Dr. Kahilah T Jones-Whyte, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Kahilah T Jones-Whyte
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
I help people "Get out of their own way" and "Create a Better Legacy". I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 16 years of experience. I have worked in diverse sectors: Marriage and Family Therapy, Human Resource Development, School Administration, and the Judicial System. It is my belief that I am not the expert in your life, rather I am just here as a conduit for change that you wish to see occur. Moreover, if I had to liken my role in your life to anything it would be the narrator in the GPS navigation system which provides clear and concise directions based on the destination you have in mind.
I help people "Get out of their own way" and "Create a Better Legacy". I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 16 years of experience. I have worked in diverse sectors: Marriage and Family Therapy, Human Resource Development, School Administration, and the Judicial System. It is my belief that I am not the expert in your life, rather I am just here as a conduit for change that you wish to see occur. Moreover, if I had to liken my role in your life to anything it would be the narrator in the GPS navigation system which provides clear and concise directions based on the destination you have in mind.
(201) 425-0254 View (201) 425-0254
Photo of Sandi M Burchfield - Family Life Counseling Center, MS, LMFT, MT3215, Marriage & Family Therapist
Family Life Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, MT3215
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Apopka, FL 32712
Being a first responder to crisis and tragedies, you can only be the "strong one" for so long, before it begins to wear on ourselves and your personal relationships. You may be an attorney, a physician, part of law enforcement, or on the leadership team of your church. Who are YOU supposed to turn to? We work with many people in your same position, struggling with doing good for others, at the sake of your own family & self-care.
Being a first responder to crisis and tragedies, you can only be the "strong one" for so long, before it begins to wear on ourselves and your personal relationships. You may be an attorney, a physician, part of law enforcement, or on the leadership team of your church. Who are YOU supposed to turn to? We work with many people in your same position, struggling with doing good for others, at the sake of your own family & self-care.
(352) 354-1817 View (352) 354-1817
Photo of Tara Spears, LMFT, LMHC, Sex, The, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tara Spears
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LMHC, Sex, The
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Apopka, FL 32712
COUPLES, FAMILIES and LGBTQ. I want you to have the interpersonal relationships you deserve and that you have always dreamed of. My approach to counseling is relational in it's focus. By nature humans are relational and interdependent. There is nothing more painful than broken or harmful relationships. While not every relationship can or should be mended, the pain caused can be felt for years to come and exaggerate or cause many forms of mental illness to include anxiety and depression.
COUPLES, FAMILIES and LGBTQ. I want you to have the interpersonal relationships you deserve and that you have always dreamed of. My approach to counseling is relational in it's focus. By nature humans are relational and interdependent. There is nothing more painful than broken or harmful relationships. While not every relationship can or should be mended, the pain caused can be felt for years to come and exaggerate or cause many forms of mental illness to include anxiety and depression.
(407) 413-8379 View (407) 413-8379
Photo of Rachel Cook, LMHC, Counselor
Rachel Cook
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
It would be an honor to join you on your journey to create a healthier and more fulfilled life! I specialize in helping adults heal from traumatic childhood events. The guidance and tools I offer will help empower you to achieve your goals in order to live a more fulfilling life. As your therapist I will provide you with a non-judgmental and compassionate space to explore and improve your coping skills and overall emotional health.
It would be an honor to join you on your journey to create a healthier and more fulfilled life! I specialize in helping adults heal from traumatic childhood events. The guidance and tools I offer will help empower you to achieve your goals in order to live a more fulfilling life. As your therapist I will provide you with a non-judgmental and compassionate space to explore and improve your coping skills and overall emotional health.
(386) 204-7542 View (386) 204-7542
Photo of Stephanie Gutierrez, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Stephanie Gutierrez
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Life can be dysfunctional and although many of us learn how to function in this dysfunction there are times where it may become too much to walk in alone. Your life seems filled with constant thoughts of "I should have: said that differently, told them how I felt, spoke up for myself". You struggle with fears of judgment and expectations. Somedays it may seem like an impossible mission to get out of bed, shower, feed yourself or socialize with others. You struggle with persistent irrational thoughts that you are aware of but can't seem to make them stop.
Life can be dysfunctional and although many of us learn how to function in this dysfunction there are times where it may become too much to walk in alone. Your life seems filled with constant thoughts of "I should have: said that differently, told them how I felt, spoke up for myself". You struggle with fears of judgment and expectations. Somedays it may seem like an impossible mission to get out of bed, shower, feed yourself or socialize with others. You struggle with persistent irrational thoughts that you are aware of but can't seem to make them stop.
(407) 305-3160 View (407) 305-3160
Photo of Roslyn Fedd - Beautiful Rose Therapy & Tutoring Services, Counselor
Beautiful Rose Therapy & Tutoring Services
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi! My name is Roslyn and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Special Educator working with children, teens, young adults and families since 2005. My experience includes promoting the emotional, behavioral, and developmental well-being of children and families in the Central Florida area.
Hi! My name is Roslyn and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Special Educator working with children, teens, young adults and families since 2005. My experience includes promoting the emotional, behavioral, and developmental well-being of children and families in the Central Florida area.
(407) 794-3228 View (407) 794-3228
Photo of Monique Zellars, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Monique Zellars
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
Struggling with relationships, navigating life changes, or managing intense emotions can feel overwhelming—but you don't have to face it alone. I specialize in couples therapy, addressing issues like conflict, infidelity, intimacy concerns, and divorce. For individuals, I provide support with anxiety, depression, personality disorders, self-harming behaviors, and self-confidence challenges. Whether you're exploring your identity, coping with transitions, or seeking clarity, therapy is a space where you can feel seen, understood, and empowered.
Struggling with relationships, navigating life changes, or managing intense emotions can feel overwhelming—but you don't have to face it alone. I specialize in couples therapy, addressing issues like conflict, infidelity, intimacy concerns, and divorce. For individuals, I provide support with anxiety, depression, personality disorders, self-harming behaviors, and self-confidence challenges. Whether you're exploring your identity, coping with transitions, or seeking clarity, therapy is a space where you can feel seen, understood, and empowered.
(646) 430-8695 View (646) 430-8695
Photo of Jordyn Coulter, MA, RMFTI, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Jordyn Coulter
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA, RMFTI
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
Making a change is scary, but having someone who will walk with you through that change makes it more bearable. If you feel lost, bored or stuck in your current relationship, find yourself comparing your relationship to others and wishing you could have what they have, or wonder why you don’t have a more fulfilling sex life, that’s okay! You are allowed to have these very real feelings, questions and struggles, and there is help available for you. If you meet me with openness and a commitment to make a change, I will meet you with curiosity, authenticity and accountability.
Making a change is scary, but having someone who will walk with you through that change makes it more bearable. If you feel lost, bored or stuck in your current relationship, find yourself comparing your relationship to others and wishing you could have what they have, or wonder why you don’t have a more fulfilling sex life, that’s okay! You are allowed to have these very real feelings, questions and struggles, and there is help available for you. If you meet me with openness and a commitment to make a change, I will meet you with curiosity, authenticity and accountability.
(407) 871-6029 View (407) 871-6029
Photo of Catherine Fletcher - Counseling with Catherine, LMHC
Counseling with Catherine
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
My name is Catherine Fletcher and I offer counseling sessions for individuals from a variety of ages, cultures, and religions. My goal is to help individuals and families who are stuck in life due to painful experiences that have shaped them. I provide a safe and genuine space to come as you are each week and feel heard. I believe that through a trusting relationship someone can bravely face the parts of them they dislike and overcome the hurt others have caused. My sessions are focused on positive self-talk, personal growth/responsibility, holistic health, forgiveness, and making small changes that can be made to reach goals.
My name is Catherine Fletcher and I offer counseling sessions for individuals from a variety of ages, cultures, and religions. My goal is to help individuals and families who are stuck in life due to painful experiences that have shaped them. I provide a safe and genuine space to come as you are each week and feel heard. I believe that through a trusting relationship someone can bravely face the parts of them they dislike and overcome the hurt others have caused. My sessions are focused on positive self-talk, personal growth/responsibility, holistic health, forgiveness, and making small changes that can be made to reach goals.
(689) 207-3603 View (689) 207-3603
Photo of Rebecca White, MA , LMHC, Counselor
Rebecca White
Counselor, MA , LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you always feel like you keep messing up? Keep making the same mistakes over and over again? Are wondering why you just can't get it right? I'm here to tell you you're not hopeless. You can do things differently to get what you want. But you can't keep doing the same thing and hope for things to change. Here's the truth: chances are you haven't learned the skills you need to have a fulfilling relationship where you feel heard and understood. Your disappointment and hurt show up as anger and rage. You've lived a life of settling for whatever fell in your lap and realize that's not going to cut it anymore.
Do you always feel like you keep messing up? Keep making the same mistakes over and over again? Are wondering why you just can't get it right? I'm here to tell you you're not hopeless. You can do things differently to get what you want. But you can't keep doing the same thing and hope for things to change. Here's the truth: chances are you haven't learned the skills you need to have a fulfilling relationship where you feel heard and understood. Your disappointment and hurt show up as anger and rage. You've lived a life of settling for whatever fell in your lap and realize that's not going to cut it anymore.
(321) 334-2175 View (321) 334-2175
1

See more therapy options for 32712

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 32712

30+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 32712 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
84% Self Esteem
81% Depression
77% Coping Skills
74% Family Conflict
71% Relationship Issues
68% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
78% Cigna and Evernorth
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 32712 see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

94% Female
6% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 32712?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.