Photo of Melissa Frederic, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Melissa Frederic
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Hi there! Are you experiencing emotional difficulties that prevent you from making progress in life? Do you experience feelings of sadness, irritability, or depression? Do you struggle to be kind to your mind? Working with myself in therapy means that we get to target these crucial areas together! I am eager to walk alongside you and a Marriage and Family Therapist, my objective is to help clients improve all kinds of relationships while developing a kinder relationship with the self. I provide a warm and comfortable space that promotes safety to talk about traumas, regrets, and areas of healing.
Hi there! Are you experiencing emotional difficulties that prevent you from making progress in life? Do you experience feelings of sadness, irritability, or depression? Do you struggle to be kind to your mind? Working with myself in therapy means that we get to target these crucial areas together! I am eager to walk alongside you and a Marriage and Family Therapist, my objective is to help clients improve all kinds of relationships while developing a kinder relationship with the self. I provide a warm and comfortable space that promotes safety to talk about traumas, regrets, and areas of healing.
(478) 245-4860 View (478) 245-4860
Photo of Page Elgin - abcs therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, MS, LPC, RPT, TX LSSP
abcs therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, MS, LPC, RPT, TX LSSP
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Counseling services focus on helping families and individuals build skills that increase healthy behaviors and foster resiliency. Symptoms and challenges are addressed using a CBT, DBT, Adlerian, and/or a client centered ‘strengths and solutions’ based approach. Emphasis in sessions include gaining awareness of negative self-talk and habits, learning tools to change behaviors, and rewriting new scripts that illuminate strengths, acceptance, and self-discipline. Sand Tray techniques and Play Therapy are additional approaches to help clients process emotions and progress in their goals.
Counseling services focus on helping families and individuals build skills that increase healthy behaviors and foster resiliency. Symptoms and challenges are addressed using a CBT, DBT, Adlerian, and/or a client centered ‘strengths and solutions’ based approach. Emphasis in sessions include gaining awareness of negative self-talk and habits, learning tools to change behaviors, and rewriting new scripts that illuminate strengths, acceptance, and self-discipline. Sand Tray techniques and Play Therapy are additional approaches to help clients process emotions and progress in their goals.
(478) 606-6492 View (478) 606-6492
Photo of LaShay Wilson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
LaShay Wilson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Directed Paths is here to assist families who find it difficult to engage. I'm here to help move the conversation along. Families struggle to have conversations around difficult topics. Whether the conversation is among parents, spouses, siblings, children I want to provide you with the skills to not only share information but to become actively engaged. We offer face to face conversations with individuals struggling to discuss personal issues with those in their circle. We seek to ensure that you are provided the words that ultimately shape how you navigate conversations without judgement or fear.
Directed Paths is here to assist families who find it difficult to engage. I'm here to help move the conversation along. Families struggle to have conversations around difficult topics. Whether the conversation is among parents, spouses, siblings, children I want to provide you with the skills to not only share information but to become actively engaged. We offer face to face conversations with individuals struggling to discuss personal issues with those in their circle. We seek to ensure that you are provided the words that ultimately shape how you navigate conversations without judgement or fear.
(478) 841-9643 View (478) 841-9643
Photo of Jada McNair Elliott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jada McNair Elliott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
I am a licensed professional therapist. I have a sincere passion for helping my clients to find contentment in life. I use Cognitive Behavior Therapy, The Empowerment Model and Guided Imagery to promote self awareness and self compassion. My professional goal is to help my clients grow mentally and to develop into the best version of themselves. My professional goal is to assist people in acheiving life's greatest joy. We will work together on cultivating life skills.
I am a licensed professional therapist. I have a sincere passion for helping my clients to find contentment in life. I use Cognitive Behavior Therapy, The Empowerment Model and Guided Imagery to promote self awareness and self compassion. My professional goal is to help my clients grow mentally and to develop into the best version of themselves. My professional goal is to assist people in acheiving life's greatest joy. We will work together on cultivating life skills.
(478) 999-1149 View (478) 999-1149
Photo of Wanda Burns-Jackson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC , CAMSII
Wanda Burns-Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC , CAMSII
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Life is a journey that will bring on many challenges and changes that can often put you in a dark place. However, there is light at the end of the tunnel, that will transition you to a better place. As a Licensed, caring professional, I would be honored to offer assistance to you in discovering that light, so you can be empowered, equipped and successful on your journey.
Life is a journey that will bring on many challenges and changes that can often put you in a dark place. However, there is light at the end of the tunnel, that will transition you to a better place. As a Licensed, caring professional, I would be honored to offer assistance to you in discovering that light, so you can be empowered, equipped and successful on your journey.
(478) 250-0162 View (478) 250-0162
Photo of Autumn Hutto, Counselor, MS, APC, NCC
Autumn Hutto
Counselor, MS, APC, NCC
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
I am enthusiastic about working with those motivated to begin their counseling journey. In my previous career as a teacher, I developed effective skills for working with children, adolescents, and adults. I typically work with teens and adults who struggle to adjust after experiencing trauma, particularly sexual trauma and interpersonal violence. I am deeply passionate about working with members of the LGBTQIA+ community through coming out, life transitions, and marital and couples issues. Additionally, I enjoy working through issues of interpersonal relationships, depression, anxiety, and coping ADHD and/or Autism with adults.
I am enthusiastic about working with those motivated to begin their counseling journey. In my previous career as a teacher, I developed effective skills for working with children, adolescents, and adults. I typically work with teens and adults who struggle to adjust after experiencing trauma, particularly sexual trauma and interpersonal violence. I am deeply passionate about working with members of the LGBTQIA+ community through coming out, life transitions, and marital and couples issues. Additionally, I enjoy working through issues of interpersonal relationships, depression, anxiety, and coping ADHD and/or Autism with adults.
(470) 412-9480 View (470) 412-9480
Photo of LaPrincess Foster, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
LaPrincess Foster
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
LaPrincess is a Licensed Professional Counselor and earned her Bachelor’s degree from Wesleyan College (2008) and her Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Fort Valley State University (in 2014). She is an experienced therapist, with training in play therapy, family skills, TF-CBT, foster care and adoption issues and perinatal mood disorders. She has worked in a variety of settings including public schools; group homes; foster care agencies; long term facilities and private practice.
LaPrincess is a Licensed Professional Counselor and earned her Bachelor’s degree from Wesleyan College (2008) and her Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Fort Valley State University (in 2014). She is an experienced therapist, with training in play therapy, family skills, TF-CBT, foster care and adoption issues and perinatal mood disorders. She has worked in a variety of settings including public schools; group homes; foster care agencies; long term facilities and private practice.
(478) 249-6922 View (478) 249-6922
Photo of C Braswell - Truity Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Truity Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my profession is not only my career of choice but a labor of love. I have always enjoyed assisting others. My goal is provide a safe encouraging environment where individual feels safe in expressing their concerns and issues. I have experience working with a diverse population who struggle with depression, PTSD, family conflict and relationship issues. I assist clients in developing insight into the source of their behavioral issues and concerns.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, my profession is not only my career of choice but a labor of love. I have always enjoyed assisting others. My goal is provide a safe encouraging environment where individual feels safe in expressing their concerns and issues. I have experience working with a diverse population who struggle with depression, PTSD, family conflict and relationship issues. I assist clients in developing insight into the source of their behavioral issues and concerns.
(478) 845-7944 View (478) 845-7944
Photo of Abby Wesselman, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Abby Wesselman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Are you tired of feeling alone, misunderstood and stuck? Have you been struggling with anxiety, depression, communication concerns and conflict with your loved ones? Have you been feeling disconnected and unhappy in your relationship with your partner, family members or other loved ones? Conflict can ebb and flow in all aspects of our life, but sometimes the load seems hard to bear and seemingly impossible to handle yourself. If any of these examples resonate with you then please know that there is light at the end of the tunnel, and that light starts to shine brighter with the start of your first session.
Are you tired of feeling alone, misunderstood and stuck? Have you been struggling with anxiety, depression, communication concerns and conflict with your loved ones? Have you been feeling disconnected and unhappy in your relationship with your partner, family members or other loved ones? Conflict can ebb and flow in all aspects of our life, but sometimes the load seems hard to bear and seemingly impossible to handle yourself. If any of these examples resonate with you then please know that there is light at the end of the tunnel, and that light starts to shine brighter with the start of your first session.
(478) 301-4111 View (478) 301-4111
Photo of Jackson Van Meter, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, APC
Jackson Van Meter
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, APC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Being able to work alongside others in their highest and lowest times is a privilege. Starting therapy requires courage, authenticity, and motivation. These are factors that guide my approach, theory, and work with clients. Working alongside individuals who are desiring to change their lives, needing a space to heal, and wanting to live a healthy, value-congruent lifestyle is an honor to me.
Being able to work alongside others in their highest and lowest times is a privilege. Starting therapy requires courage, authenticity, and motivation. These are factors that guide my approach, theory, and work with clients. Working alongside individuals who are desiring to change their lives, needing a space to heal, and wanting to live a healthy, value-congruent lifestyle is an honor to me.
(478) 999-7836 View (478) 999-7836
Photo of Amanda S Hood, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Amanda S Hood
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Accepting new clients. Welcome. The very act of searching out a therapist is often the hardest yet most meaningful one you will take in your path to feeling better. I take the trust you put into me very seriously. I attempt to live my life grounded in authenticity and acceptance and I will use those values as the guiding force in my partnering with you. Life is full of transitions and bumps and bruises. You are not alone. I specialize in meeting you where you are and assisting you in finding out where you need to be.
Accepting new clients. Welcome. The very act of searching out a therapist is often the hardest yet most meaningful one you will take in your path to feeling better. I take the trust you put into me very seriously. I attempt to live my life grounded in authenticity and acceptance and I will use those values as the guiding force in my partnering with you. Life is full of transitions and bumps and bruises. You are not alone. I specialize in meeting you where you are and assisting you in finding out where you need to be.
(678) 973-1589 View (678) 973-1589
Photo of LaShanna S Stephens, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, ACS, CCMHC
LaShanna S Stephens
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, ACS, CCMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Are you feeling like your world is crumbling? Stuck in the same cycle of stress, anxiety, or emotional pain? You don’t have to stay here. If you’re ready to say ‘enough is enough’ and take back control of your life, today is a great day for change!
Are you feeling like your world is crumbling? Stuck in the same cycle of stress, anxiety, or emotional pain? You don’t have to stay here. If you’re ready to say ‘enough is enough’ and take back control of your life, today is a great day for change!
(478) 569-2013 View (478) 569-2013
Photo of Sebastian L Stubbs Sr - S&K Professionals Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, GC-C, CPCS, IMHE RS
S&K Professionals Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, GC-C, CPCS, IMHE RS
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
It is my pleasure to introduce you to S & K Professionals Counseling Services. The name is new, but the commitment to offer the best counseling services for our clients is as old as time. Our mission statement is "Strengthening Families One Step at a Time." We are committed to counseling with a purpose by listening to our clients issues and challenges, and finally meeting those challenges with services and resources unmatched in quality and functionality.
It is my pleasure to introduce you to S & K Professionals Counseling Services. The name is new, but the commitment to offer the best counseling services for our clients is as old as time. Our mission statement is "Strengthening Families One Step at a Time." We are committed to counseling with a purpose by listening to our clients issues and challenges, and finally meeting those challenges with services and resources unmatched in quality and functionality.
(478) 449-0772 View (478) 449-0772
Photo of Shaniqua McKeever, MSW, LMSW
Shaniqua McKeever
MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Greetings, my name is Shaniqua. I am a Licensed Master Social Worker with 6 years of experience tending to individuals who are in crisis, have mental health and substance use concerns. I work primarily with teens, adults, and families. My areas of focus surround depression, anger management, anxiety, and empowerment. My therapeutic approach is client centered while incorporating Strengths perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Theory, and Mindfulness which empowers my clients to identify issues, gain clarity, problem solve, and implement solutions to life long concerns.
Greetings, my name is Shaniqua. I am a Licensed Master Social Worker with 6 years of experience tending to individuals who are in crisis, have mental health and substance use concerns. I work primarily with teens, adults, and families. My areas of focus surround depression, anger management, anxiety, and empowerment. My therapeutic approach is client centered while incorporating Strengths perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Theory, and Mindfulness which empowers my clients to identify issues, gain clarity, problem solve, and implement solutions to life long concerns.
(478) 312-6805 View (478) 312-6805
Photo of Shervonne Grose - SherVonne Grose, MFT, LLC, Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
SherVonne Grose, MFT, LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
I help married couples find intimacy, recover from infidelity, and feel hopeful about their future together in a safe and confidential environment without bias, condemnation, or judgment. I also help individuals and families struggling with anxiety, depression, or stressors of life to share their inner most thoughts and feelings in a safe space without judgment. I meet couples, individuals, and families where they are and together we navigate their journey to GREATER.
I help married couples find intimacy, recover from infidelity, and feel hopeful about their future together in a safe and confidential environment without bias, condemnation, or judgment. I also help individuals and families struggling with anxiety, depression, or stressors of life to share their inner most thoughts and feelings in a safe space without judgment. I meet couples, individuals, and families where they are and together we navigate their journey to GREATER.
(478) 707-7938 View (478) 707-7938
Photo of Chandra Nicole Albritton, Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MS, LPC
Chandra Nicole Albritton
Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
My mission is to assist individuals with finding ways to work through life's challenge and to find an effective and suitable method to reach your goals in the therapeutic process. Life can be overwhelming and stressful and I'm here to help. I have experience working with adolescents and adults to address concerns such as anxiety, self-esteem, self-compassion, stress, depression and grief.
My mission is to assist individuals with finding ways to work through life's challenge and to find an effective and suitable method to reach your goals in the therapeutic process. Life can be overwhelming and stressful and I'm here to help. I have experience working with adolescents and adults to address concerns such as anxiety, self-esteem, self-compassion, stress, depression and grief.
(478) 221-7309 View (478) 221-7309
Photo of Holly Blalock, Associate Professional Counselor, MEd, APC, NCC
Holly Blalock
Associate Professional Counselor, MEd, APC, NCC
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Are you or your child struggling with unresolved trauma or attachment challenges? Do feelings of overwhelm, frustration, or uncertainty make it hard to see a path forward? If so, you're not alone—and I’m here to help. Together, we’ll explore the root of these difficulties, understanding how they may be your body’s natural way of protecting itself. As Peter Levine wisely said, “The wisdom of the body is the healer of trauma. The body keeps the score, but it also holds the key to healing.” While your body has an incredible ability to process pain, sometimes it needs support to move forward—and that’s where I come in.
Are you or your child struggling with unresolved trauma or attachment challenges? Do feelings of overwhelm, frustration, or uncertainty make it hard to see a path forward? If so, you're not alone—and I’m here to help. Together, we’ll explore the root of these difficulties, understanding how they may be your body’s natural way of protecting itself. As Peter Levine wisely said, “The wisdom of the body is the healer of trauma. The body keeps the score, but it also holds the key to healing.” While your body has an incredible ability to process pain, sometimes it needs support to move forward—and that’s where I come in.
(478) 312-5199 View (478) 312-5199
Photo of Tracey A. M. Simpson - Peace of Mind Counseling, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MAC, BCPCC
Peace of Mind Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MAC, BCPCC
Verified Verified
Macon, GA 31201
Greetings: I have been licensed as a Licensed Professional Counselor since 2002 in the state of Georgia. I have experience working with youth-preferably 9y/o and older, adults, families, military families and the correctional population. I utilize an eclectic approach, utilizing solution focused, motivational interviewing and person centered.
Greetings: I have been licensed as a Licensed Professional Counselor since 2002 in the state of Georgia. I have experience working with youth-preferably 9y/o and older, adults, families, military families and the correctional population. I utilize an eclectic approach, utilizing solution focused, motivational interviewing and person centered.
(404) 609-0735 View (404) 609-0735
Photo of Heidi Bluming, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Heidi Bluming
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
I am licensed in GA and MA. I specialize in anxiety and love working with other providers, healers, parents, teachers and caretakers for patients, relatives, parents, partners, etc. who are struggling with burnt out, struggling to find balance in their lives, and perhaps dealing with their own health and chronic health issues. In this field we often support and hold space for others without recognizing our own limits, exhaustion, sickness, chronic health issues, and need for love and support for ourselves. I value a space where we can partner to create boundaries, healing, and support for self.
I am licensed in GA and MA. I specialize in anxiety and love working with other providers, healers, parents, teachers and caretakers for patients, relatives, parents, partners, etc. who are struggling with burnt out, struggling to find balance in their lives, and perhaps dealing with their own health and chronic health issues. In this field we often support and hold space for others without recognizing our own limits, exhaustion, sickness, chronic health issues, and need for love and support for ourselves. I value a space where we can partner to create boundaries, healing, and support for self.
(404) 998-8775 View (404) 998-8775
Photo of Dr. Hanna Cespedes, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, ACS
Dr. Hanna Cespedes
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Macon, GA 31201
Starting therapy can feel like the first step in a long run. As an amateur runner, I am all too familiar with that gut wrenching feeling! However, as we take the first strides, the nerves relax a little and we begin the slow cadence of deep breathing as we focus on our next steps. You may decide to speed up then notice some aches & pains. Rather than “pushing through it”, you can slow down and maybe even decide to stretch & drink some water. Once you feel more balanced then you reengage, feeling more confident each mile you ease into. Much like a long run, therapy seems daunting at first yet is so rewarding long term.
Starting therapy can feel like the first step in a long run. As an amateur runner, I am all too familiar with that gut wrenching feeling! However, as we take the first strides, the nerves relax a little and we begin the slow cadence of deep breathing as we focus on our next steps. You may decide to speed up then notice some aches & pains. Rather than “pushing through it”, you can slow down and maybe even decide to stretch & drink some water. Once you feel more balanced then you reengage, feeling more confident each mile you ease into. Much like a long run, therapy seems daunting at first yet is so rewarding long term.
(478) 569-1715 View (478) 569-1715
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 31201

70+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 31201 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
85% Depression
79% Self Esteem
75% Stress
73% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
82% BlueCross and BlueShield
82% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 31201 see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
17% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 31201?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.