Photo of Toshia Curfiss, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CPT, CNC
Toshia Curfiss
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CPT, CNC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Blacksburg, VA 24061
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or life transitions? Do you find it difficult to manage daily challenges, whether due to ADHD, body image concerns, or simply the pressures of modern life? I specialize in helping individuals navigate these struggles, empowering them to find balance, confidence, and peace. In my practice, I offer a holistic approach that addresses both the mind and body. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I utilize evidence-based techniques like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and mindfulness strategies to help you manage anxiety
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or life transitions? Do you find it difficult to manage daily challenges, whether due to ADHD, body image concerns, or simply the pressures of modern life? I specialize in helping individuals navigate these struggles, empowering them to find balance, confidence, and peace. In my practice, I offer a holistic approach that addresses both the mind and body. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I utilize evidence-based techniques like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and mindfulness strategies to help you manage anxiety
(540) 698-4947 View (540) 698-4947
Photo of Emily Webb Olsen - Big Oak Wellness, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, RYT200
Big Oak Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, RYT200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Blacksburg, VA 24061
If you’ve been doing the work but still feel stuck, you’re not alone. At Big Oak Wellness, we offer a different kind of support. We blend science-backed therapy with heart-centered practices to support full mind-body healing. We guide clients through life transitions like new parenthood, relationship shifts, or resurfacing childhood wounds. Our trauma-informed approach helps you reconnect with your body, your story, and your inner resilience.
If you’ve been doing the work but still feel stuck, you’re not alone. At Big Oak Wellness, we offer a different kind of support. We blend science-backed therapy with heart-centered practices to support full mind-body healing. We guide clients through life transitions like new parenthood, relationship shifts, or resurfacing childhood wounds. Our trauma-informed approach helps you reconnect with your body, your story, and your inner resilience.
(540) 592-4778 View (540) 592-4778
Photo of Bethany Gravely - Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Blacksburg, VA 24061
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(540) 924-3328 View (540) 924-3328
Photo of Alex Holt, Resident in Counseling, MA
Alex Holt
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Feeling stuck? Let's find a way to get unstuck. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery and personal growth that can help you enhance your relationships and foster deeper connections with others and, critically, with yourself. If you're looking at this page, it means you've already taken the first step towards healing, and I want to commend you for that and encourage you to continue. Together, we can establish a genuine and trusting relationship, providing a safe space for you to explore your inner world and unleash your potential.
Feeling stuck? Let's find a way to get unstuck. Therapy is a journey of self-discovery and personal growth that can help you enhance your relationships and foster deeper connections with others and, critically, with yourself. If you're looking at this page, it means you've already taken the first step towards healing, and I want to commend you for that and encourage you to continue. Together, we can establish a genuine and trusting relationship, providing a safe space for you to explore your inner world and unleash your potential.
(571) 946-7505 View (571) 946-7505
Photo of Courtney Sutphin-Hebdon, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCSW, CMHIMP
Courtney Sutphin-Hebdon
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCSW, CMHIMP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am Courtney Sutphin-Hebdon, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Certified Mental Health Integrative Medicine Provider (CMHIMP) with 20 years of experience in the mental health field. I completed my Master of Social Work (MSW) at the University of Tennessee.
I am Courtney Sutphin-Hebdon, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Certified Mental Health Integrative Medicine Provider (CMHIMP) with 20 years of experience in the mental health field. I completed my Master of Social Work (MSW) at the University of Tennessee.
(540) 253-1795 View (540) 253-1795
Photo of Madeline Nagel, Psychologist, PhD
Madeline Nagel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I'm Dr. Nagel (they/them) and I'm here to help you get “unstuck” from old beliefs, habits, and strategies that just aren’t working anymore. You might feel buried under anxiety, panic, or trauma. You might want to embrace your most authentic self, but fear and uncertainty are keeping you stuck. Or perhaps you’re feeling worn down from the effort of navigating spaces that aren’t meant for LGBTQ+, neurodivergent, or people of color. As a licensed clinical psychologist and a nonbinary person, I am deeply familiar with the experience of navigating a world that doesn’t feel designed for me.
I'm Dr. Nagel (they/them) and I'm here to help you get “unstuck” from old beliefs, habits, and strategies that just aren’t working anymore. You might feel buried under anxiety, panic, or trauma. You might want to embrace your most authentic self, but fear and uncertainty are keeping you stuck. Or perhaps you’re feeling worn down from the effort of navigating spaces that aren’t meant for LGBTQ+, neurodivergent, or people of color. As a licensed clinical psychologist and a nonbinary person, I am deeply familiar with the experience of navigating a world that doesn’t feel designed for me.
(540) 766-5551 View (540) 766-5551
Photo of Brianne Eitner, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Brianne Eitner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I believe, that most often times, it takes an individual to experience significant pain or dissatisfaction in their life in order for them to pursue counseling and change. I understand that the step to reach out and ask for assistance with life’s issues is a huge step and I do not take that lightly. As your therapist, it is my commitment to come along side of you and support you through the more challenging times in life.
I believe, that most often times, it takes an individual to experience significant pain or dissatisfaction in their life in order for them to pursue counseling and change. I understand that the step to reach out and ask for assistance with life’s issues is a huge step and I do not take that lightly. As your therapist, it is my commitment to come along side of you and support you through the more challenging times in life.
(540) 215-7654 View (540) 215-7654
Photo of Catherine Crowe, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Catherine Crowe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed, frustrated, or even angry? Do you want to feel better? Is your relationship with your partner, children, friends, parents, employer, or even yourself more stressful than it should be? With my genuine empathy, therapeutic skills, knowledge, experience, and good sense of humor, I can teach you how to effectively cope with your distressing feelings and challenging situations. I will listen to you with patience and help you see things from a healthier perspective. I will assist you with making the necessary changes in your life to become a happier and healthier you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, frustrated, or even angry? Do you want to feel better? Is your relationship with your partner, children, friends, parents, employer, or even yourself more stressful than it should be? With my genuine empathy, therapeutic skills, knowledge, experience, and good sense of humor, I can teach you how to effectively cope with your distressing feelings and challenging situations. I will listen to you with patience and help you see things from a healthier perspective. I will assist you with making the necessary changes in your life to become a happier and healthier you.
(540) 202-1970 View (540) 202-1970
Photo of Dayton Olsen, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Dayton Olsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with 8 years of experience. I specialize in supporting individuals of all ages through substance use/addiction, mood disorders, serious mental illness, trauma/PTSD, and stress-related conditions. With a diverse background in community healthcare settings, I take the perspective that most emotional and mental pain results from emotional injury or unresolved emotion. By extension, talk therapy facilitates the mind and body’s natural healing process.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with 8 years of experience. I specialize in supporting individuals of all ages through substance use/addiction, mood disorders, serious mental illness, trauma/PTSD, and stress-related conditions. With a diverse background in community healthcare settings, I take the perspective that most emotional and mental pain results from emotional injury or unresolved emotion. By extension, talk therapy facilitates the mind and body’s natural healing process.
(540) 787-3895 View (540) 787-3895
Photo of Elizabeth McElligott, Resident in Counseling, LPC-R, MA
Elizabeth McElligott
Resident in Counseling, LPC-R, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi! I’m Elizabeth. Whether you or your child are navigating stress, school problems, grief, anxiety, depression, or a major life transition, I’m here to help you find clarity and healing. I offer a supportive space where you can process emotions, build effective coping skills, and work toward personal growth. Maybe you’re hoping to heal from a loss, strengthen relationships, manage stress, or boost self-confidence — whatever your goal, we’ll navigate it together.
Hi! I’m Elizabeth. Whether you or your child are navigating stress, school problems, grief, anxiety, depression, or a major life transition, I’m here to help you find clarity and healing. I offer a supportive space where you can process emotions, build effective coping skills, and work toward personal growth. Maybe you’re hoping to heal from a loss, strengthen relationships, manage stress, or boost self-confidence — whatever your goal, we’ll navigate it together.
(757) 280-4873 View (757) 280-4873
Photo of Julie Neely, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Julie Neely
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 15 years of professional experience working with children, teens, and adults in diverse settings, including community mental health and school-based environments. I specialize in addressing concerns related to anxiety, anger, depression, chronic stress, ADHD, women's issues, panic-related problems, and spirituality-based issues. I earned my Master of Arts (MA) in Counselor Education at Virginia Tech.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 15 years of professional experience working with children, teens, and adults in diverse settings, including community mental health and school-based environments. I specialize in addressing concerns related to anxiety, anger, depression, chronic stress, ADHD, women's issues, panic-related problems, and spirituality-based issues. I earned my Master of Arts (MA) in Counselor Education at Virginia Tech.
(540) 583-3392 View (540) 583-3392
Photo of Monica Swann, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Monica Swann
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
There are times in our journey where we stop and ask ourselves, “how did I get here?”. As people, we are constantly exploring our growth edges and trying to adapt to the challenges and changes in our lives. Navigating those changes on our own may be frustrating, scary and sometimes leave us feeling unclear and hopeless. No matter where in life you are currently, there is power in asking for help. I want to walk with you to safely explore the past, learn to stay mindful in the present, and work to improve your future. Sometimes the most challenging pieces of our story simply need to be acknowledged before they can be understood.
There are times in our journey where we stop and ask ourselves, “how did I get here?”. As people, we are constantly exploring our growth edges and trying to adapt to the challenges and changes in our lives. Navigating those changes on our own may be frustrating, scary and sometimes leave us feeling unclear and hopeless. No matter where in life you are currently, there is power in asking for help. I want to walk with you to safely explore the past, learn to stay mindful in the present, and work to improve your future. Sometimes the most challenging pieces of our story simply need to be acknowledged before they can be understood.
(276) 409-8671 View (276) 409-8671
Photo of Johanna Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Johanna Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a focus on adults, and I have a special place in my heart for LGBTQ populations, the mentally ill, and those who identify with Asperger's Syndrome.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a focus on adults, and I have a special place in my heart for LGBTQ populations, the mentally ill, and those who identify with Asperger's Syndrome.
(540) 299-1574 View (540) 299-1574
Photo of Crystal Agnew, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, LCPC
Crystal Agnew
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Crystal Agnew is the Founder and Owner of Kendall Cares Counseling & Consultation Services PLLC. She provides therapy services for adults facing a wide range of behavioral or mental health concerns. Her therapeutic approach is tailored for each clients' needs and goals. She strives to create a warm and safe environment that allow individuals to share and express emotional vulnerability without fear of judgement. Crystal works collaboratively with each client to explore their inner thoughts, emotions, feelings, and behaviors to bring about healing and positive changes.
Crystal Agnew is the Founder and Owner of Kendall Cares Counseling & Consultation Services PLLC. She provides therapy services for adults facing a wide range of behavioral or mental health concerns. Her therapeutic approach is tailored for each clients' needs and goals. She strives to create a warm and safe environment that allow individuals to share and express emotional vulnerability without fear of judgement. Crystal works collaboratively with each client to explore their inner thoughts, emotions, feelings, and behaviors to bring about healing and positive changes.
(704) 459-7930 View (704) 459-7930
Photo of Katie Poulos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, EMDR
Katie Poulos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. If you have made it this far, you have begun your healing journey. Are you tired of how you feel? Having difficulty sleeping? Low energy and lack of motivation? Easily startled or finding yourself avoiding painful memories? I can help. I provide comprehensive, compassionate psychotherapy services in the Roanoke Valley. With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in trauma-informed therapy. With the use of EMDR Therapy and other modalities, I can help you identify, target, and process the root of your discomfort. What keeps you up at night now can become a distant memory.
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. If you have made it this far, you have begun your healing journey. Are you tired of how you feel? Having difficulty sleeping? Low energy and lack of motivation? Easily startled or finding yourself avoiding painful memories? I can help. I provide comprehensive, compassionate psychotherapy services in the Roanoke Valley. With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in trauma-informed therapy. With the use of EMDR Therapy and other modalities, I can help you identify, target, and process the root of your discomfort. What keeps you up at night now can become a distant memory.
(540) 518-0355 View (540) 518-0355
Photo of Alan Willard, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, DMin
Alan Willard
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, DMin
Verified Verified
Serves Area
When life hurts, I can help. Are you struggling with difficulties that have you feeling depressed, angry, worried, or guilty? Are your relationships at home or work in trouble or conflict? I help individuals and couples who are facing a variety of issues such as depression, anxiety, anger, infidelity, pornography, coping w/chronic illness, sexual problems, PTSD, OCD and much more. I started out my professional career as a church pastor, and in my 40's transitioned into becoming a counselor/therapist. I guide people to get over problems and to be their deeper, higher, and more loving, compassionate self.
When life hurts, I can help. Are you struggling with difficulties that have you feeling depressed, angry, worried, or guilty? Are your relationships at home or work in trouble or conflict? I help individuals and couples who are facing a variety of issues such as depression, anxiety, anger, infidelity, pornography, coping w/chronic illness, sexual problems, PTSD, OCD and much more. I started out my professional career as a church pastor, and in my 40's transitioned into becoming a counselor/therapist. I guide people to get over problems and to be their deeper, higher, and more loving, compassionate self.
(540) 361-6887 View (540) 361-6887
Photo of Cedric Wilson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Cedric Wilson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you find yourself preparing and bracing for that offensive comment; you regulate your speech, dress, and actions to fit in or be safe; or you navigate how much of your experiences to share for fear that you won’t be heard, or that your story will show different your reality is from others—then I want you to know that you’re not crazy, and you don’t have to go it alone. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who knows what it’s like to be immersed in spaces that don’t culturally or racially reflect me, my identity, or my values. And to live in spaces that reject me as I live into my full identity as a black man, a person of color.
If you find yourself preparing and bracing for that offensive comment; you regulate your speech, dress, and actions to fit in or be safe; or you navigate how much of your experiences to share for fear that you won’t be heard, or that your story will show different your reality is from others—then I want you to know that you’re not crazy, and you don’t have to go it alone. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor who knows what it’s like to be immersed in spaces that don’t culturally or racially reflect me, my identity, or my values. And to live in spaces that reject me as I live into my full identity as a black man, a person of color.
(540) 486-2814 View (540) 486-2814
Photo of Jenna Fitzgerald, Counselor, PhD, LPC
Jenna Fitzgerald
Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Are you ready to make changes to improve your life? As a licensed professional counselor, I can help you navigate the difficult challenges you face in your life. My practice focuses on you as whole person and provides resilience informed treatment that focuses and builds upon your strengths. I utilize a variety of therapeutic approaches that include somatic based (body-based), motivational interviewing, humanistic, and emotion-focused modalities. My main goal in working with any client is to meet them where they are in life, and teach tools to help the client live life in a more meaningful manner.
Are you ready to make changes to improve your life? As a licensed professional counselor, I can help you navigate the difficult challenges you face in your life. My practice focuses on you as whole person and provides resilience informed treatment that focuses and builds upon your strengths. I utilize a variety of therapeutic approaches that include somatic based (body-based), motivational interviewing, humanistic, and emotion-focused modalities. My main goal in working with any client is to meet them where they are in life, and teach tools to help the client live life in a more meaningful manner.
(540) 340-5424 View (540) 340-5424
Photo of Krysten Garrett, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
Krysten Garrett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
No matter what you do, you feel like you can’t get out from under the weight of the past. You have a hard time connecting with friends and family, or avoid them altogether, because they just can’t understand. You find yourself thinking “it wasn’t that bad. Other people have it worse. So why can't I feel better?” You can't sleep, have aches and pains, and other physical symptoms you can’t explain. Maybe you’ve tried to push these feelings away with work, relationships, alcohol, or Netflix. These feelings and behaviors can make you feel like you’re trapped in a maze with no end in sight.
No matter what you do, you feel like you can’t get out from under the weight of the past. You have a hard time connecting with friends and family, or avoid them altogether, because they just can’t understand. You find yourself thinking “it wasn’t that bad. Other people have it worse. So why can't I feel better?” You can't sleep, have aches and pains, and other physical symptoms you can’t explain. Maybe you’ve tried to push these feelings away with work, relationships, alcohol, or Netflix. These feelings and behaviors can make you feel like you’re trapped in a maze with no end in sight.
(540) 302-5766 View (540) 302-5766
Photo of Amy Scott Roupe, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Amy Scott Roupe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Congratulations on taking the next steps towards making meaningful changes in your life. I have dedicated the past 10 years to walking with clients through anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and relationship challenges. As an LPC, and a Board Certified Telemental Health Clinician, I have predominately worked with college aged students. In the last 2 years I have expanded my focus to include all ages and stages of adults, military and first responders.
Congratulations on taking the next steps towards making meaningful changes in your life. I have dedicated the past 10 years to walking with clients through anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and relationship challenges. As an LPC, and a Board Certified Telemental Health Clinician, I have predominately worked with college aged students. In the last 2 years I have expanded my focus to include all ages and stages of adults, military and first responders.
(434) 423-5665 View (434) 423-5665
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 24061

20+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 24061 who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
86% Depression
79% Stress
79% Life Transitions
75% Trauma and PTSD
71% Grief
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 24061 see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
16% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 24061?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.