Therapists in 23606

Photo of Kristina S Piercy, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, C-DBT
Kristina S Piercy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, C-DBT
2 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
I'm am looking for individuals who want to make positive changes in their lives and are ready to do the work to get there. People struggle with so many life challenges from personal decisions, decisions of others that affect us, life transitions, and just stressors of the world we live in. Clients that are ready to do the hard work of sharing their stories and exploring different ways of thinking and feeling are exactly those whom I am ready to walk beside to do sometimes hard, and always rewarding, work.
I'm am looking for individuals who want to make positive changes in their lives and are ready to do the work to get there. People struggle with so many life challenges from personal decisions, decisions of others that affect us, life transitions, and just stressors of the world we live in. Clients that are ready to do the hard work of sharing their stories and exploring different ways of thinking and feeling are exactly those whom I am ready to walk beside to do sometimes hard, and always rewarding, work.
(757) 709-6667 View (757) 709-6667
Photo of Lecia Thompson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ACS
Lecia Thompson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ACS
1 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
Accepting new clients. Hello; Are you experiencing difficulties in your relationships, challenges controlling your emotions, fears of being abandoned or left alone, or low self esteem and self worth? I want to help you build skills to feel more confident managing these struggles, and to find peace and connection with yourself and others. As a dedicated counseling professional my aim is to assist in teaching empowerment, long-term coping strategies, self awareness and acceptance of one’s unique personality.
Accepting new clients. Hello; Are you experiencing difficulties in your relationships, challenges controlling your emotions, fears of being abandoned or left alone, or low self esteem and self worth? I want to help you build skills to feel more confident managing these struggles, and to find peace and connection with yourself and others. As a dedicated counseling professional my aim is to assist in teaching empowerment, long-term coping strategies, self awareness and acceptance of one’s unique personality.
(757) 695-9681 View (757) 695-9681
Photo of Michele Haynam - Artisan Counseling | Michele Haynam, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC, CSOTP, NCC
Artisan Counseling | Michele Haynam, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC, CSOTP, NCC
8 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
Artisan matches clients to counselor based on each individuals' wants and needs. We believe that everyone deserves to find their PEACE and we are committed to You. Artisan has counselors who have gained additional expertise in: Trauma, Religious Trauma, Infertility/Post Partum, Addiction, Trans/Non-Binary Gender Affirming & Launching into Adulting.
Artisan matches clients to counselor based on each individuals' wants and needs. We believe that everyone deserves to find their PEACE and we are committed to You. Artisan has counselors who have gained additional expertise in: Trauma, Religious Trauma, Infertility/Post Partum, Addiction, Trans/Non-Binary Gender Affirming & Launching into Adulting.
(757) 500-5170 View (757) 500-5170
Photo of Lance Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lance Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Newport News, VA 23606
I created Associated Counselors of Tidewater 20 years ago with the sole intent to help people in emotional crisis. Couples that are having difficulties in their relationship with communicating and/or connecting on an emotionally intimate level creates a myriad of stressors in life. Learning new, effective communication tools, understanding how to reconnect consistently long-term, and establishing genuine empathy and a deep appreciate and emotional connection for a couple are key components to a loving relationship. In addition, I also work with many clients individually with issues with stress, anxiety, and depression.
I created Associated Counselors of Tidewater 20 years ago with the sole intent to help people in emotional crisis. Couples that are having difficulties in their relationship with communicating and/or connecting on an emotionally intimate level creates a myriad of stressors in life. Learning new, effective communication tools, understanding how to reconnect consistently long-term, and establishing genuine empathy and a deep appreciate and emotional connection for a couple are key components to a loving relationship. In addition, I also work with many clients individually with issues with stress, anxiety, and depression.
(757) 534-7976 View (757) 534-7976
Photo of The Center For Sexual Assault Survivors - The Center for Sexual Assault Survivors, Pre-Licensed Professional
The Center for Sexual Assault Survivors
Pre-Licensed Professional
Newport News, VA 23606
The Center for Sexual Assault Survivors provides crisis counseling to individuals and groups that have experienced sexual violence/assault. Our Crisis Counselors have experience in treating adults, children, and adolescents with diverse backgrounds and areas of concern. Using evidence-based and clinically tested interventions, we work with individuals and groups on topics including trauma, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, communication, and healthy relationships. We are here to provide support and empowerment for change.
The Center for Sexual Assault Survivors provides crisis counseling to individuals and groups that have experienced sexual violence/assault. Our Crisis Counselors have experience in treating adults, children, and adolescents with diverse backgrounds and areas of concern. Using evidence-based and clinically tested interventions, we work with individuals and groups on topics including trauma, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, communication, and healthy relationships. We are here to provide support and empowerment for change.
(757) 300-1375 View (757) 300-1375
Photo of Stacy Via, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Stacy Via
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Newport News, VA 23606
Starting therapy is a big and meaningful step, and I want to congratulate you on taking it. I’m here to ensure your journey feels purposeful and supportive from the very beginning. I specialize in helping individuals navigate life transitions, manage anxiety, cope with stress, and work through depression. My approach is client-centered and collaborative—each session is tailored to your unique needs, goals, and pace. Whenever you feel ready, I welcome you to reach out. Together, we’ll create a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can explore, grow, and simply be yourself.
Starting therapy is a big and meaningful step, and I want to congratulate you on taking it. I’m here to ensure your journey feels purposeful and supportive from the very beginning. I specialize in helping individuals navigate life transitions, manage anxiety, cope with stress, and work through depression. My approach is client-centered and collaborative—each session is tailored to your unique needs, goals, and pace. Whenever you feel ready, I welcome you to reach out. Together, we’ll create a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can explore, grow, and simply be yourself.
(804) 596-4738 View (804) 596-4738
Photo of Ameka Michelle Lee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT™
Ameka Michelle Lee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT™
2 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
My vision is to help you overcome the daily obstacles and challenges you are facing. We all go through storms in life and sometimes we need someone to help us get beyond those storms. The first step can be the most difficult, allow me to help you. I would like to empower you to reach your personal goals . My goal in treatment is to help you tap into your own strengths to reach those goals! I work with children, teens, and adults. If you are ready to work on your goals and to explore your life experiences, contact me so that we may get started!
My vision is to help you overcome the daily obstacles and challenges you are facing. We all go through storms in life and sometimes we need someone to help us get beyond those storms. The first step can be the most difficult, allow me to help you. I would like to empower you to reach your personal goals . My goal in treatment is to help you tap into your own strengths to reach those goals! I work with children, teens, and adults. If you are ready to work on your goals and to explore your life experiences, contact me so that we may get started!
(757) 785-4627 View (757) 785-4627
Photo of La'Kisha Jordan, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
La'Kisha Jordan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Newport News, VA 23606
I have been working in the mental health field in many capacities for over 10 years. I have worked in group homes for teen girls, worked as an Intensive Home Counselor, Mental Health Skillbuilding Counselor, and Outpatient Therapist. My passion is to help others improve their quality of life, deal with what's hindering them, and allow them to have a safe outlet for life's problems.
I have been working in the mental health field in many capacities for over 10 years. I have worked in group homes for teen girls, worked as an Intensive Home Counselor, Mental Health Skillbuilding Counselor, and Outpatient Therapist. My passion is to help others improve their quality of life, deal with what's hindering them, and allow them to have a safe outlet for life's problems.
(804) 492-1349 View (804) 492-1349
The use of Ketamine, a psychedelic anesthetic safely used for decades, in mental health and chronic pain treatment is continuously evolving, and early studies have shown significant results. In sub-anesthetic doses, ketamine has been shown to alleviate symptoms of conditions such as treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain with better, faster, and longer-lasting relief than traditional medications. Ketamine therapy can often bring about a noticeable improvement in symptoms within hours or days of treatment.
The use of Ketamine, a psychedelic anesthetic safely used for decades, in mental health and chronic pain treatment is continuously evolving, and early studies have shown significant results. In sub-anesthetic doses, ketamine has been shown to alleviate symptoms of conditions such as treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain with better, faster, and longer-lasting relief than traditional medications. Ketamine therapy can often bring about a noticeable improvement in symptoms within hours or days of treatment.
(757) 384-4525 View (757) 384-4525
Photo of Darlene Barnes, QMHP
Darlene Barnes
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
Hello, I am Darlene Barnes, a Master’s Level Counselor who is qualified to provide mental health services. I am also licensed as a Qualified Mental Health Professional (QMHP) with extensive experience supporting individuals, families, and communities through life’s challenges.
Hello, I am Darlene Barnes, a Master’s Level Counselor who is qualified to provide mental health services. I am also licensed as a Qualified Mental Health Professional (QMHP) with extensive experience supporting individuals, families, and communities through life’s challenges.
(757) 720-2280 View (757) 720-2280
Photo of Pam Pare, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD
Pam Pare
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD
Newport News, VA 23606
I enjoy working with women. My 14 years of clinical experience is in treating women's issues, depression/anxiety, trauma/PTSD, loss of infant/child/spouse, and pet bereavement. I am certified in use of EMDR and hypnotherapy, as well as CBT, psychomotor therapy, and psychodynamic (family history) approaches. I am gentle and soft spoken with a great sense of humor, and can also be no-nonsense if needed.
I enjoy working with women. My 14 years of clinical experience is in treating women's issues, depression/anxiety, trauma/PTSD, loss of infant/child/spouse, and pet bereavement. I am certified in use of EMDR and hypnotherapy, as well as CBT, psychomotor therapy, and psychodynamic (family history) approaches. I am gentle and soft spoken with a great sense of humor, and can also be no-nonsense if needed.
(757) 785-9092 View (757) 785-9092
Photo of Dashonte Temoney, Resident in Counseling, MA, LRC
Dashonte Temoney
Resident in Counseling, MA, LRC
Newport News, VA 23606
I have a simple approach to therapy: “No one has it all figured out and we all are just winging it”. What that means to me is that, without effective strategies, we are just doing the best we can every day. It is about taking the small moments and recognizing that those small moments build into bigger ones. It is the lens that we view the problem that must be transformed, so we can see ourselves as capable to be the definer of our own life. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Person-Centered approaches to create individualized plans to move your forward in your therapy goals.
I have a simple approach to therapy: “No one has it all figured out and we all are just winging it”. What that means to me is that, without effective strategies, we are just doing the best we can every day. It is about taking the small moments and recognizing that those small moments build into bigger ones. It is the lens that we view the problem that must be transformed, so we can see ourselves as capable to be the definer of our own life. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Person-Centered approaches to create individualized plans to move your forward in your therapy goals.
(757) 866-3639 View (757) 866-3639
Photo of Brian A Mitnick, Resident in Counseling, MEd
Brian A Mitnick
Resident in Counseling, MEd
Newport News, VA 23606
I work with clients across all ages—from children to adults—utilizing a combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution-Focused Therapy techniques. These approaches allow us to focus on identifying thought patterns and behaviors, while also finding practical solutions to current challenges. My goal is to support you on your journey toward mental wellness, helping you gain clarity, build resilience, and live your life to its fullest potential.
I work with clients across all ages—from children to adults—utilizing a combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution-Focused Therapy techniques. These approaches allow us to focus on identifying thought patterns and behaviors, while also finding practical solutions to current challenges. My goal is to support you on your journey toward mental wellness, helping you gain clarity, build resilience, and live your life to its fullest potential.
(757) 997-1248 View (757) 997-1248
Photo of Andrea Diggs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPA
Andrea Diggs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPA
Newport News, VA 23606
People assume that you have it all together. They may not know it, but you’re struggling with your past. Are you trying to get over something or tired of being alone? Are you tired of being misunderstood and want to have better relationships with others? You’re frustrated with unhealthy and toxic relationships. You find yourself always on edge. Well, it’s easy to become overwhelmed when you’re catering to everyone’s needs but your own. I get it. I understand how terrible this can feel right now. I can help you. I can help you get to a place where you have some peace.
People assume that you have it all together. They may not know it, but you’re struggling with your past. Are you trying to get over something or tired of being alone? Are you tired of being misunderstood and want to have better relationships with others? You’re frustrated with unhealthy and toxic relationships. You find yourself always on edge. Well, it’s easy to become overwhelmed when you’re catering to everyone’s needs but your own. I get it. I understand how terrible this can feel right now. I can help you. I can help you get to a place where you have some peace.
(757) 607-4846 View (757) 607-4846
Photo of Charnetta Rochelle Waters - Heart-Led Counseling, Consulting, and Community , Licensed Professional Counselor, CYMHS, LPC-S
Heart-Led Counseling, Consulting, and Community
Licensed Professional Counselor, CYMHS, LPC-S
2 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
We’ve Expanded — and Accepting New Clients! Heart-Led Counseling, Consulting, and Community Services is growing to better serve our community. We now offer multiple therapists with increased availability, including afternoon, evening, and weekend appointments. Clients can choose virtual or in-person sessions, making it easier to receive support that fits their life and schedule. We provide heart-centered, relationship-focused therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Our team blends creative therapies (play, art, sand tray, mindfulness) with evidence-based practices to meet each client where they are.
We’ve Expanded — and Accepting New Clients! Heart-Led Counseling, Consulting, and Community Services is growing to better serve our community. We now offer multiple therapists with increased availability, including afternoon, evening, and weekend appointments. Clients can choose virtual or in-person sessions, making it easier to receive support that fits their life and schedule. We provide heart-centered, relationship-focused therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Our team blends creative therapies (play, art, sand tray, mindfulness) with evidence-based practices to meet each client where they are.
(757) 280-3750 View (757) 280-3750
Photo of Robert E Anderson - Robert E Anderson LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, LSATP
Robert E Anderson LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, LSATP
Newport News, VA 23606
Do you have some insight and self-awareness? Are you motivated to want to make changes in your life? Are you experiencing grief, a mood disorder, a life transition, an anger/impulse control issue, relationship concerns, or addiction-related problems? If you want to free yourself from emotion pain or confusion, or if you find yourself wondering “why?” or “why me?”, we may be a good fit.
Do you have some insight and self-awareness? Are you motivated to want to make changes in your life? Are you experiencing grief, a mood disorder, a life transition, an anger/impulse control issue, relationship concerns, or addiction-related problems? If you want to free yourself from emotion pain or confusion, or if you find yourself wondering “why?” or “why me?”, we may be a good fit.
(757) 280-3926 View (757) 280-3926
Photo of Prell Gross - Peace'In'It Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Peace'In'It Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
6 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
You've been trying to manage "it" by yourself for a while but something still doesn't feel right, right? "Something's off," and you might have asked yourself. "Is this normal stress or anxiety? Am I just sad or depressed? Why am I so annoyed with things lately?" We're here to listen to you- the right way -to help you gain clarity and regain control of the stress impacting you. The goal is to help you identify what's necessary in your life to make things better & help you go get it. Our sessions will help you think more critically about yourself, how your environments impact you, to redefine your boundaries, & improve your wellness.
You've been trying to manage "it" by yourself for a while but something still doesn't feel right, right? "Something's off," and you might have asked yourself. "Is this normal stress or anxiety? Am I just sad or depressed? Why am I so annoyed with things lately?" We're here to listen to you- the right way -to help you gain clarity and regain control of the stress impacting you. The goal is to help you identify what's necessary in your life to make things better & help you go get it. Our sessions will help you think more critically about yourself, how your environments impact you, to redefine your boundaries, & improve your wellness.
(757) 568-8062 View (757) 568-8062
Photo of Tramaine Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CSAC, CCTP II
Tramaine Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CSAC, CCTP II
Newport News, VA 23606
I strive to create a safe, empathetic, and non-judgmental space where clients can openly explore their experiences, develop coping strategies, and work towards meaningful change. My approach is grounded in a deep understanding of the complexities and challenges that accompany substance use and mental health issues. I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist here to support you on your journey to well-being. Whether you’re navigating life’s challenges or seeking personal growth, I’m here to help you find clarity and balance.
I strive to create a safe, empathetic, and non-judgmental space where clients can openly explore their experiences, develop coping strategies, and work towards meaningful change. My approach is grounded in a deep understanding of the complexities and challenges that accompany substance use and mental health issues. I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist here to support you on your journey to well-being. Whether you’re navigating life’s challenges or seeking personal growth, I’m here to help you find clarity and balance.
(757) 260-3948 View (757) 260-3948
Photo of Jessica White, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jessica White
Pre-Licensed Professional
Newport News, VA 23606
I am a Resident in Counseling with 1 year of experience in the mental health field. I specialize in providing trauma therapy, anger management, career counseling, and grief support, as well as addressing mood disorders, anxiety, depression, stress management, and client advocacy. I take a holistic approach to wellness through a trauma-informed lens, understanding that each person’s journey is unique. With over 10 years of experience in education, I developed a strong understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities that both adolescents and adults encounter.
I am a Resident in Counseling with 1 year of experience in the mental health field. I specialize in providing trauma therapy, anger management, career counseling, and grief support, as well as addressing mood disorders, anxiety, depression, stress management, and client advocacy. I take a holistic approach to wellness through a trauma-informed lens, understanding that each person’s journey is unique. With over 10 years of experience in education, I developed a strong understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities that both adolescents and adults encounter.
(757) 997-7286 View (757) 997-7286
Photo of Paula Jenay Lynch - Soar & Rest Outpatient Addiction and Mental Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAC
Soar & Rest Outpatient Addiction and Mental Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAC
2 Endorsed
Newport News, VA 23606
Are you grieving, depressed, sad, or overwhelmed, or like you just need someone to listen without judgement? You don’t have to figure it all out alone. Whether you're navigating loss, relationship struggles, career burnout, or simply feeling disconnected from yourself, I offer a safe, supportive space to process your pain, clarify your direction, and begin to heal. At Soar & Rest, our therapists strive to create a safe space that is warm, nonjudgmental, and person-centered —where you can feel truly heard and supported. It’s our privilege to walk alongside individuals as they work toward healing, growth, and clarity.
Are you grieving, depressed, sad, or overwhelmed, or like you just need someone to listen without judgement? You don’t have to figure it all out alone. Whether you're navigating loss, relationship struggles, career burnout, or simply feeling disconnected from yourself, I offer a safe, supportive space to process your pain, clarify your direction, and begin to heal. At Soar & Rest, our therapists strive to create a safe space that is warm, nonjudgmental, and person-centered —where you can feel truly heard and supported. It’s our privilege to walk alongside individuals as they work toward healing, growth, and clarity.
(757) 815-3837 View (757) 815-3837

See more therapy options for 23606

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 23606

200+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in 23606 who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
83% Depression
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
65% Stress
63% Grief
63% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
76% Anthem
73% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 23606 see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 23606?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.